Water electrolysis using renewable electricity is a promising strategy for high-purity hydrogen production. To realize the practical application of water electrolysis, an electrocatalyst with high redox properties and low cost is essential for enhancing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we fabricated Fe-doped nickel oxalate (Fe-NiC2O4) directly grown on Ni foam as an efficient electrocatalyst for the alkaline OER using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. Fe-NiC2O4 served as a precursor for obtaining highly active Fe-NiOOH via in-situ electrochemical oxidation. Consequently, 0.75Fe-NiOOH was demonstrated to be the optimal electrocatalyst, exhibiting outstanding OER activity with a low overpotential of 220 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 20.5 mV dec-1. Furthermore, Fe-NiOOH maintained its OER activity without performance decay during long-term electrochemical measurements, owing to the phase transformation from NiOOH to γ-NiOOH. These performances significantly surpass those of recently reported transition metal-based electrocatalysts.

Objective: General aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of adverse life events (ALEs), mainly interpersonal and pre-13 years, in patients with eating disorder (ED), and to clarify their relationship with body image distortion (BID). Methods: Observational, case-control, study with a final sample of 140 participants consecutively recruited: 79 outpatients with ED, 20 outpatients with depressive disorder and 41 participants with no history of depression or ED. Main measure is the presence of ALEs. For the assessment of BID the contouring drawing rate scale was used. Data were collected and processed using SPSS v28 software. Results: ED patients have a higher proportion interpersonal pre-13 years ALEs. The ED group with interpersonal pre-13 years ALEs has more BID. Interpersonal pre-13 years ALEs, as an independent variable, predicts BID in ED patients. Conclusions: It seems that, in the estimation of body shape, the negative emotions experienced during childhood are displaced towards the body shape itself.

The fifth modeling workshop (5MW) was held in June 2023 in Favrholm, Denmark and sponsored by Recovery of Biological Products Conference Series. The goal of the workshop was to assemble modeling practitioners to review and discuss the current state, progress since the last fourth mini modeling workshop (4MMW), gaps and opportunities for development, deployment and maintenance of models in bioprocess applications. Areas of focus were four categories: biophysics and molecular modeling, mechanistic modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and plant modeling. Highlights of the workshop included significant advancements in biophysical/molecular modeling to novel protein constructs, mechanistic models for filtration and initial forays into modeling of multi-phase systems using CFD for a bioreactor and mapped strategically to cell line selection/facility fit. A significant impediment to more fully quantitative and calibrated models for biophysics is the lack of large, anonymized data sets. A potential solution would be the use of specific descriptors (ex. patch sizes and types mapped to a homology model) in a database that would allow for detailed analyses without sharing proprietary information. Another gap identified was the lack of a consistent framework for use of models that are included or support a regulatory filing beyond the high-level guidance in ICHQ8-Q11. One perspective is that modeling can be viewed as a component or precursor of machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recent requests for feedback from health authorities on use of ML and AI may provide an opportunity for more clarity regarding expectations for use and deployment. Two specific additional outcomes of the workshop were alignment on a key definition for “mechanistic modeling” and the acknowledgement/realization that modeling can have a significant impact on improving sustainability of bioprocessing through elimination of experiments both during development and manufacturing. Feedback from the participants was that there was progression in all of the fields of modeling within scope of the conference. Some areas (e.g. biophysics and molecular modeling) have opportunities for significant research investment to realize full impact. However, the need for ongoing research and development for all model types does not preclude the application to support process development, manufacturing and use in regulatory filings. Analogous to ML and AI, given the current state of the four modeling types, a prospective investment in educating inter-disciplinary subject matter experts (SMEs) (e.g. data science, chromatography) is essential to advancing and maintaining the modeling community.

Objectives: To assess the ability of left atrial(LA) strain parameters to discriminate patients with elevated left atrial pressure(LAP) from patients with atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods and results: A total of 142 patients with non-valvular AF who underwent first catheter ablation(CA) between November 2022 and November 2023 were enrolled in the study. Conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiography（STE）were performed in all patients within 24 hours before CA，and LAP was invasively measured during the ablation procedure. According to mean LAP,the study population was classified into 2 groups of normal LAP(LAP＜ 15 mmHg, n=101) and elevated LAP（LAP≥15 mmHg, n=41)．Compared with the normal LAP group, elevated LAP group showed significantly reduced LA reservoir strain (LASr) [9.14 ( 7.97 -11.80 ) vs 20(13.59-26.96), p < 0.001], and increased LA filling index[9.60 ( 7.15 -12.20 ) vs 3.72 ( 2.17 -5.82 )，p<0.001], LA stiffness index[1.13 ( 0.82-1.46 ) vs 0.47( 0.30 -0.70 )，p<0.001]. LASr, LA filling index and LA stiffness index were independent predictors of elevated LAP after adjusted by the type of AF, EDT, E/e’, mitral E and Peak acceleration rate of mitral E velocity. The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed LA strain parameters (area under curve [AUC] 0.794 to 0.819) could provide similar or greater diagnostic accuracy for elevated LAP, as compared to conventional echocardiographic parameters. Furthermore, the novel algorithms built by LASr, LA stiffness index, LA filling index and LA emptying fraction（LAEF）, was used to discriminate elevated LAP in AF with good accuracy (AUC 0.880, accuracy of 81.69%, sensitivity of 80.49%, specificity of 82.18%), and much better than 2016 ASE/EACVI algorithms in AF. Conclusion: In patients with AF，LA strain parameters could be useful to predict elevated LAP and non-inferior to conventional echocardiographic parameters. Besides, the novel algorithm built by LA strain parameters combined with conventional parameters would improve the diagnostic efficiency.

In the current landscape, the accelerated evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has garnered widespread attention and acclaim across various domains, owing to its remarkable performance in diverse applications. Power systems and critical infrastructures supporting the modern way of life are no exception to this transformative wave. This paper stands as the first comprehensive review of various AI techniques in power systems, spanning applications such as load forecasting, security assessment, voltage stability assessment, load shedding (LS), state estimation, false data injection attack (FDIA) detection and localization, fault detection and location, and power quality disturbances (PQDs) detection. In addressing the challenges inherent in the practical implementation of AI in power systems, this study introduces two potent tools: the strategic utilization of transfer learning (TL) in conjunction with AI algorithms and the leveraging of digital twin technology. The synergistic integration of these approaches remarkably enhances the performance and accuracy of AI models. Overall, this work aims to contribute to the foundational knowledge necessary for harnessing the full spectrum of AI’s capabilities and to lay the foundation for a future of sustainable energy. Ultimately, it addresses emerging challenges and opens new perspectives for further research in the relevant field

Since early May 2022, an increasing number of Monkeypox (Mpox) cases have been reported in non-endemic regions of the world. The Mpox outbreak has undergone significant changes in epidemiologic characteristics and clinical manifestations compared to the past. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the information collected during this outbreak is particularly important in order to improve the understanding of the disease and to provide a reference basis for the clinical management of Mpox-infected patients.Relevant studies published from May 7, 2022 to December 31, 2023 were searched. Overall, 49 articles were finally identified and analyzed. Mpox outbreak spreads globally, all ages at risk, young people at higher risk. Transmission was predominantly sexual 88.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 79.4-94.8%), with homosexual transmission 85.5% (95%CI 74.4-93.8%) being the most common, and heterosexual 35.7% (95%CI 8.2-69.9%) and bisexual 4.4% (95%CI 0.0-15.2%) transmission also occurring. Skin lesions 88.8% (95%CI 81.8-94.3%), fever 57.4% (95%CI 50.5-64.3%) and lymphadenopathy 55.5% (95%CI 47.5-62.3%) were the most frequent clinical signs. Ocular lesions 15.2% (95%CI 4.3-31.9%) and oral lesions 21.3% (95% CI 10.5-35.7%) were also frequent. Skin lesions were most common on the genitals 52.5% (95%CI 44.5-59.4%) and lymphadenopathy was most frequent in the groin 39.5% (95% CI 31.9-48.5%).

Dimensions of body size are an important measurement in animal ecology, though they can be difficult to obtain due to the effort and cost associated with the invasive nature of these measurements. We avoid these limitations by using camera-trap images to derive dimensions of animal size. To obtain measurements of object dimensions using this method, the size of the object in pixels, the focal length of the camera, and the distance to that object must be known. We describe a novel approach of obtaining the distance to the object through the creation of a portable distance marker, which, when photographed, creates a “reference image” to determine the position of the animal within an image. This method allows for the retrospective analysis of existing datasets and eliminates the need for permanent in-field distance markers. We tested the accuracy of this methodology under controlled conditions with objects of known size resembling Felis catus, our study species, validating the legitimacy of our method of size estimation. We then apply our method to measure feral cat body size using images collected in Tasmania, Australia. The precision of our methodology was evaluated by comparing size estimates across individual cats, revealing consistent and reliable results. The average height (front paw to shoulder) of the feral cats sampled was 25.25 cm (CI = 24.4, 26.1) and the average length (base of tail to nose) was 47.48 cm (CI = 46.0, 48.9), suggesting wild feral cats in our study area are no larger than their domestic counterparts. Given the success of its application within our study, we call for further trails with this method across a variety of species.

Introduction Implantable loop recorders (ILR) are recommended to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) in cases of cryptogenic stroke (CS). However, the utility of loop recorder for detection of other actionable arrhythmias in these patients is limited. Objective: To evaluate the utility of ILR to detect arrythmias other than AF in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Methods: We enrolled consecutive CS patients referred for an ILR. A retrospective chart review was conducted from 2018 to 2021. All patients were monitored for a minimum of one year. Results: The cohort included 260 consecutive patients with cryptogenic stroke with a mean age of 68. 2 +/- 13.27 years patients of this cohort had at least one actionable arrhythmic event. AF was found in 47 (18%) patients and 44 (17%) patients were found to have other arrhythmias. Out of these 44 patients, 23 patients (9%) were found to have supraventricular tachycardias (SVT), 4 patients (2%) had ventricular tachycardias, 9 patients (3%) had pauses, 8 patients (3%) had significant bradycardia events. Anticoagulation was initiated in all 47 patients with AF. A total of 15 patients (6%) underwent procedures which included 7 pacemakers, 1 implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, 1 SVT ablation, 6 electrophysiology studies because of ILR findings. Conclusion: ILRs can successfully identify AF in patients with cryptogenic stroke. However, there is a high incidence of other arrythmias that can be detected by implanting ILRs that would otherwise would not be identified or have delayed detection. The study demonstrates the advantage of long-term remote monitoring of patients with CS beyond AF detection.

Interdisciplinary integration is a superior method to improve the optimization algorithm. In this paper, control theory and optimization are combined, and the optimization algorithm is regarded as a control process. Based on the premise of optimal control, the state equation corresponding to Lagrange Algorithm is established with the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions as the objective. As an optimal control method, Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is utilized to control the calculation process, and an innovative LQR-Lagrange Algorithm is proposed. The Lyapunov stability criterion is applied to analyze the convergence, and it is proved that the proposed LQR-Lagrange Algorithm is bound to converge as long as the parameter matrices and are positive definite. The analysis indicates that the influence of parameters in LQR-Lagrange Algorithm on the calculation speed is monotonic, and the elements in and has no effect on the convergence. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has a monotonic and user-friendly parameter tuning strategy. The significance and advantages of interdisciplinary integration with control theory and optimization are discussed in the end.

Due to the recent proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, there has been a significant rise in network attacks, often resulting in severe and adverse effects. By exploiting hardware and software vulnerabilities, attackers might utilize these devices through continual internet connectivity to compromise the network infrastructure. Ensuring the security of IoT networks presents a formidable challenge due to the large number of nodes that are limited in resources. As the number of attack cases increases, there is also an importance to deploying an intrusion detection system (IDS) that can monitor and detect various assaults on the devices. Therefore, we introduce an IDS system based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that can detect and classify the types of assaults on IoT devices used in smart environments. In order to reduce the computational overhead and time, we used a feature reduction method and a hyperparameter optimization technique. Our study utilizes two benchmark datasets: the CIC IoT 2023 dataset, which contains real-time attack data, and the UNSW-NB15 dataset, to demonstrate the efficacy of our approach. Important features that are selected using a Genetic algorithm-based feature selection model are converted into color images that are later used as input to different CNN architectures, such as Xception, VGG16 and VGG19 models. The individual classifiers are subsequently combined to create a bagging ensemble model to enhance the system’s performance and dependability. Experimental results suggest that the ensemble model can improve IoT device security by achieving high accuracy in less computing time than single-based classifiers.

Bronchial foreign body presenting as pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a young child.Rajendra Shilpakar1, Nipun Shrestha1, Dhruba Shrestha1*1 Siddhi Memorial Hospital (For Women and Children), Bhaktapur, Nepal.Keywords: Foreign body aspiration, Pneumomediastinum, Pneumothorax, Subcutaneous emphysema

Soil acidification is causing serious harm to the ecological environment and agricultural production in southern China, but the corresponding variation of the soil microbial communities through the acidic gradient profile remains poorly investigated. Here, we investigated the soil microorganisms from normal, acid and strong acid soil samples via high-throughput sequencing technology, and described their distribution characteristics under different acidification backgrounds, and depicted their response to ambient environment factors. We found the Actinobacteriota (41.84%), Proteobacteria (27.91%), Chlorofexi (13.86%), Ascomycota (75.69%) and Basidiomycota (19.00%) composed the core microbial populations among samples. Meanwhile, Xanthobacteraceae (3.13%), Acidothermus (2.16%), Sordariomycetes (10.05%) and Thysanophora (8.71%) were more abundant in acidified soils, thus indicating a higher probability of soil borne diseases. Besides, it was found that soil acidification has more negative effects on the bacterial community, as revealed by the PICRUSt predictions that pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolisms were seriously decreased in microbial community, however, the fungal community have a relatively stronger resistance for the acid stress since many pathways of signal transition and cell proliferation were increased abundance in the fungal community.

Abstract: Osteoclasts are integral to the advancement of osteoporosis (OP), and their generation under conditions of oxidative stress (OS) involves various pathways. However, the specific mechanism through which the natural antioxidant kaempferol (KAE) mitigates the influence of OS on osteoclasts remains somewhat uncertain. In order to evaluate the effect of KAE on osteoclast formation under OS and explore its possible mechanism. In this study, zebrafish were used to observe the effects of KAE on OP and OS. OP and OS ”double disease targets” network pharmacology were used to predict the action target and mechanism of KAE on OP under OS. The effects of KAE on osteoclast differentiation induced by OS were evaluated using RWA264.7 cells induced by LPS. To elucidate the potential mechanism, in order to clarify its possible mechanism, the expression of related factors and target genes during induction was detected. Result: The presence of KAE exhibited potential in improving the conditions of OP and OS in zebrafish. KAE can reduce the OS of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by LPS, inhibit the formation of osteoclasts, and change the level of related factors of OS, and reduce the increase of TRAP. The utilization of network pharmacology and target gene expression assay revealed that KAE exerted a down-regulatory effect on the expression of proto-oncogene tyrosine protein kinase (SRC), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Serine/Threonine Kinase-1 (AKT1), Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3) and Matrix Metallopeptidase-2 (MMP2). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that KAE may effectively mitigates OS and impedes the formation of osteoclasts through the SRC/NF-κB-AKT/NOS3 axis.

Backgroubd: Septic cardiomyopathy is a potentially fatal complication of sepsis. In this study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the sera of sepsis patients were performed to identify the underlying pathological mechanism as well as potential targets for the treatment of septic cardiomyopathy. Methods: This study presents a prospective single-center investigation into the progression of sepsis patients to septic cardiomyopathy during their ICU admission. A total of 50 patients were enrolled, categorized into two groups: sepsis with cardiomyopathy (25 cases) and sepsis alone (25 cases). To elucidate the biological significance of identified proteins, we employed co-expression network analysis. Furthermore, leveraging proteomic and transcriptomic data, we constructed molecular networks to elucidate the interactions among pivotal molecules. This approach aims to enhance the clarity and logical coherence of our data interpretation, thereby strengthening the overall argumentation of the study. Results: A total of 216 differentially expressed proteins (| Fold change > 1.5 and P-value < 0.05) were identified in the proteomic analysis. Transcriptome association analysis showed that two proteins were co-downregulated in patients with septic cardiomyopathy, with IL-27B associated with the immune response. KEGG pathway enrichment showed that IL-27B was involved in the cytokine-cytokine receptor-interaction signaling pathway. Conclusion: Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified specific changes in protein expression in septic cardiomyopathy, most of which were associated with inflammation-related pathways and amino acid metabolism. These findings thus describe the pathological features and pathways associated with septic cardiomyopathy and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Debris covers glaciers worldwide and controls sub-debris melt rates by modifying energy transfer from the atmosphere to the ice. Physical properties like thermal conductivity (k) and surface roughness (z0) have been derived from limited local measurements, with models often relying on literature values from a few sites and studies. Accurate representation of these properties in energy-balance models is crucial for understanding climate-glacier interactions and predicting future behaviour of debris-covered glaciers. We studied these properties using established and modified approaches to derive k and z0 from field data at three locations on Pirámide Glacier in the central Chilean Andes. We compared existing methods and evaluated the modelled melt using these values. Our study reveals substantial inconsistencies between methods, leading to discrepancies between ice melt from energy-balance simulations and observed data, highlighting the impact of method choice on calculated ice melt. For energy-balance modelling, optimising k against measured ice melt appears a viable method to constrain melt simulations. Determining z0 is less critical due to its smaller impact on total ice melt, and profile aerodynamic method measurements, despite higher economic costs, are independent of ice melt calculations. The large, unexpected differences between existing methods indicate a substantial knowledge gap that the community should address. Values of k and z0 from field measurements do not work well when used in energy-balance models, suggesting that model values are bulk properties that do not necessarily correspond to field-derived values from theoretical approaches.

Abnormal Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunt with Hemoptysis after 39 Years of Trauma

“UNUSUAL COEXISTENCE: A CASE OF MIXED SMALL AND LARGE CELL NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR IN A BLADDER PREVIOUSLY AFFECTED BY BILHARZIAL CYSTITIS”1Mohammed Saleh E. Khalifa SALEM,1Abdulhamid ALHEREK, 1Martin VAN ROOYEN, 1Alain Mwamba MUKENDI1University of the Witwatersrand, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Klerksdorp Hospital, Klerksdorp, Northwest, South Africa.*Corresponding AuthorAlain Mwamba MukendiCel: 0027711576350E-mail: alainmwamba2006@yahoo.fr

The main objective is to analyses the richness, abundance, and distribution of dinoflagellates in the open ocean of the southern Gulf of Mexico (hereinafter sGM). This research was conducted at 10 m depth of 63 sampling sites during the SOGOM/03 (spring/2017) and SOGOM/04 (summer/2018) oceanographic surveys aboard the R/V ”Justo Sierra”, UNAM. The analysis of dinoflagellates was performed with an inverted light microscope. Temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, and chlorophyll-a data were registered. Diversity was estimated with the Shannon (H’) and Simpson (D) indexes. 128 taxa in 10 orders, 26 families, and 38 genera were recorded. In spring showed the highest richness with 124 taxa, while summer showed 83. The representative and widely distributed orders were Peridiniales, Gymnodiniales and Gonyaulacales. The most important species were Srcrippsiella trochoidea, Oxytoxum sp, Oxytoxum scolopax, Tripos teres, Gymnodinium spp, Gyrodinium spirale, Dinophysis sp. and Dinophysis rapa with cell concentrations ranging from 1.5x10 4 cell l -1 to 5.0x10 3 cell l -1. The Shannon Index in average showed higher values in summer (4.1 bits/ind), compared to spring (3.1 bits/ind), showing significant difference (p<0.05). There was evidence of a turnover in the species of the Peridiniales and the Gonyaulacales between the two seasons. The occurrence and distribution of dinoflagellates are according to their different ways of feeding, particularly heterotrophic and mixotrophic species which give them the ability to survive in the oligotrophic conditions of sGM open ocean. A list of taxa registered is provided here in. Our results represent the first report on the distribution and diversity of dinoflagellates in an extensive open ocean area of sGM that has not been studied. Thus, this information can be considered as a baseline for further studies to improve the understanding of the function of this important group of microalgae.

A document by Shriya Sharma. Click on the document to view its contents.

Described here is the synthesis of novel naphthofurano-iminosugars (4) using 2,3-O-isopropylidene D-ribose tosylate (1a), anilines (2), and 1,4-benzoquinone (3a) as starting materials through the key iminium-ion/enamine intermediates by [3+2] cyclization reactions at room temperature. The reaction has unique regioselectivity and stereoselectivity with moderate to excellent yields. The adaptability of this method has been demonstrated by a variety of substituted anilines on which both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing were employed in the reactions well. Notably, the treatment of the fused multicyclic iminosugar 4 with TFA efficiently leads to an inter-esting unexpected pyridinium salt (8) possible via four steps in sequence: deprotection of 2,3-O-isopropylidene group, furan ring open-ing, intramolecular elimination of water, and dehydration condensation of OH groups.

TITLE PAGE:Title of the Manuscript: Acute Oculomotor Nerve Palsy Caused by Compression from an Aberrant Posterior Communicating Artery: Case reportAuthors’ Names : G.SEKKAT; A.AKAMMAR ; N. EL BOUARDI ;  M.HALOUA ; B.ALAMI; M.BOUBBOU ; M.MAAROUFI; Y. LAMRANI Affiliations : Service de radiologie, hôpital des spécialités, Centre hospitalier universitaire, Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, Fès, Maroc.Corresponding Author:Ghita SEKKAT.E-Mail : Sekkat.ghita07@gmail.comPhone : +212649278723Running Head: Acute Oculomotor Nerve Palsy Caused by Compression from an Aberrant Posterior Communicating Artery: Case reportKeywords : Palsy, posterior communicating artery, oculomotor nerve, vascular, nerve compression.Date: 28/05/2024.

Title: Cytomegalovirus Infection Mimics Manifestations of Underlying disease in Patients with Autoimmune disorders: Case Report and Literature reviewElaheh Karimi1, Zahra Moradi1, Somayeh Soroureddin2, Ozra Nouri2, Zahra Tamartash2, Hoda Kavosi2School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranRheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorresponding Author: Hoda Kavosi, Associate Professor of Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran, PO-Box: 1411713137Email: h-kavosi@sina.tums.ac.ir, Tel-Fax: +98-218-822-0067.

The most severe viral diseases which affect poultry is Newcastle disease (ND). Severe losses were observed in large scale poultry farms all over the world because of ND. For this purpose the research was done by using herbal means. The section I consist phytochemicals, HPLC and antioxidant of different mines from L. serriola through in vitro examines to acquire the safe herbal product. Section II explored herbal extracts by in ovo antiviral effects through SPF-nascent chicken eggs. The extract was used to analyze the antiviral activity in vivo by biochemical analyses during section III. The observations show that all extracts of L. serriola has the strong basis of phytochemicals present in them. In methanolic extract the higher TPC substances were found i.e. 54.9±1.57 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant analysis show that all the extracts have antioxidant ability and shows the great antiradical influence in the pattern of methanolic > acetonic > chloroform > n-hexane, through DPPH, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), OH radical scavenging and NO radical scavenging assays. The in ovo study exposed the best results indicated by L. serriola at 400 µg/mL of methanolic & 300 µg/mL of acetonic extract completely inhibited the virus replication. The oral administration of methanolic ectract of L. serriola in drinking water of broiler chicken at both 50 mg/Kg and 99.9 mg/Kg body weight were non-toxic to the experimental chicken. The levels of antioxidant enzymes, GSH, GPx, SOD as well as TAC were reduced in the PC as compared to the NC group. Results of antibody titres level of experimental birds also showed that the dosage level of 100 mg/Kg body weight has the highest immune response against Newcastle disease. The positive reactions provided by extract are supposed to be as an influence of phytochemicals found in that extract or combination with other mixtures.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking psoriasis: a case report