The proliferation of edge devices, data continuously generated at the network edge has given risen to the generation of potential privacy disclosure concerns. Federated edge learning (FEL) in the mobile edge computing (MEC) systems, as a distributed machine learning architecture, can be customized efficiently in response to these challenges by sharing only model parameters instead of raw data. In the realistic scenarios, however, bias to the global model is an issue largely due to the nodes with different data distributions and resource constraints. By leveraging the possibility of loitering behavior of nodes on the training data and the integration of learning algorithm performance as intermediaries to well cope with data imbalance in a hyperopic manner, it enables great potentials in low-latency and energy-efficient FEL model performance. Toward this end, this paper is dedicated to addressing issues related to participant laziness and effective incentives from the perspective of optimizing the local training process and global aggregation simultaneously. Specially, the mixed model of two-stage leader-follower Stackelberg game and incentive mechanism is embraced to address the relations between an aggregator and nodes for energy-efficient resource management. Then we systematically analyze the existence of Nash Equilibrium. An efficient off-policy-based group relative policy optimization with hierarchical mean-field theory(OGRPO-HMF) has been proposed to optimize the local training process and global aggregation simultaneously. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed OGRPO-HMF algorithm, we compare its overall performance with the state-of-the-art counterparts. Our experimental results over different datasets demonstrate the superiority of OGRPO-HMF in reducing the average loss on all training samples and total training time by ensuring the model accuracy.

This paper presents the design of an ultra-low power, fully differential operational amplifier with programmable differential gain, optimized for low-frequency applications. Designed in planar 0.18 µm CMOS technology, the amplifier offers four distinct gain levels between 6 dB and 16.5 dB. A novel approach ensures robust temperature compensation, limiting average gain variation to 50 mdB/ ◦C over a temperature range from –10 ◦C to 90 ◦C range. Furthermore, the design achieves an impressive average line sensitivity of 0.017%/ V across 0.4 V to 5 V supply variations. High linearity is maintained with <%1 distortion for input signals ranging from 600 nV p . p to 55 mV p . p , yielding a dynamic range of approximately 75 dB.The circuit exhibits an offset voltage < 200 nV while consuming a maximum power of 180 nW, occupying a silicon area of 0.86 mm 2. All results, including the impact of parasitic elements and process variations, are validated post-layout. This amplifier is primarily intended as an additional programmable gain stage complementing a fixed-gain pre-amplifier in various low frequency applications.

Dolendra PaudelPresidency College of Management Sciences, Purbanchal University, Nepalpdldolen@gmail.com / dolenpdl@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-1321-6019

Human activities continue to facilitate biological invasions, profoundly impacting our environment and economy. Plants and insects constitute the majority of invasions to date, with facilitative links established between them, particularly in terrestrial habitats. These relationships remain understudied in aquatic environments, including potential associations between aquatic invasive plants and disease vectors such as mosquitoes. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on the co-occurrence of aquatic invasive plants and mosquitoes, identify key research gaps, and present a conceptual framework underpinned by testable hypotheses on how aquatic invasive plants may influence immature and adult mosquito populations. We provide evidence suggesting that these plant-mosquito relationships could pose previously unrecognized risks and highlight priority areas for future research to better understand the potential public health implications of aquatic plant invasions. We call for targeted in situ and ex situ investigations to test the proposed hypotheses and increase our understanding on the interactions between aquatic invasive plants and mosquito population dynamics. Testing these hypotheses will inform adaptive, evidence-based management strategies to simultaneously control aquatic invasive species and vector mosquitoes.

Tobacco black shank, caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, is characterized by rapid outbreak onset and high control difficulty, posing a persistent threat to tobacco production in China. To assess its potential geographic distribution and management risks under climate change, this study employed 410 verified occurrence records and 32 environmental variables to construct a Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model, with key variable interpretation supported by an XGBoost–SHAP framework. The model simulated suitable habitat under current conditions and four CMIP6 climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) from 2021 to 2100. The optimized model (AUC = 0.959) identified eight key environmental predictors, including the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio2), annual precipitation (bio4), minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6), precipitation of the wettest quarter (bio13), precipitation of the driest month (bio14), elevation, slope, and land-use type. Response curves and SHAP dependence plots revealed clear ecological thresholds, such as a notable increase in suitability when bio6 exceeds 0°C, elevation ranges from 800 to 1500 m, and both bio13 and bio14 fall within specific precipitation intervals. Future projections showed an overall expansion of suitable areas, with the largest extent (165.54 × 10⁴ km²) under the SSP2-4.5 scenario and a northeastward shift in habitat centroid. Overlaying predicted suitability with tobacco cultivation data revealed 28.35% spatial overlap, primarily in major growing regions such as Yunnan and Guizhou. These results clarify the critical role of temperature and moisture in shaping the pathogen’s ecological niche and offer a quantitative foundation for risk-based surveillance and region-specific management of tobacco black shank.

Fish diversity is essential for maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems, particularly in rivers impacted by overfishing and hydropower projects, such as the Jinsha River, the upstream segment of the Yangtze River. During initial phases (August and November, 2023) of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River basin, we investigated fish diversity, seasonal variations, and their correlation with environmental factors in the Jinsha River using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. Utilizing two pairs of 12S rRNA primers, MiFish-U and AcMDB07, we identified 61 fish species across 5 orders, 17 families, and 52 genera, including 4 national protected and 7 invasive alien fish. Among them, Cypriniformes constituted the predominant group within the fish community, accounting for 65.6%. This finding aligns with the results from a recent fish catch study, which recorded 68 species of fish belonging to 4 orders, 15 families and 48 genera, including 4 national protected species and 8 invasive alien fish. The alpha diversity analysis revealed compositional differences in the fish community across various regions and seasons. Furthermore, key environmental factors, such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate nitrogen, total suspended solids and conductivity, were found to be highly correlated with the fish diversity in the Jinsha River. Consequently, we provided detailed seasonal data on fish diversity and its correlations with environmental factors, which will aid in the systematic management and restoration of fishery resources and the assessment of the 10-year fishing ban in the Jinsha River.

Introduction:Acromegaly is a rare pathology of the endocrine system [prevalence: of growth hormone (GH). The typical manifestations are characterized by acral overgrowth, soft tissue hypertrophy, arthralgias, mandibular prognathism, frontal bossing, hypertension and hyperglycemia ultimately leading to severe respiratory (5) and cardiac presentation (1).While the obstructive respiratory symptoms suggestive of laryngeal hypertrophy are recognized, their potential to conceal malignancies like squamous cell carcinoma remains underreported. We present a case where acromegaly masked laryngeal carcinoma, emphasizing the need for histopathological vigilance. The early identification of the disease can lead to timely multidisciplinary intervention preventing disease progression, morbidity and mortality as respiratory causes are three times more likely to cause death in patients with acromegaly (3).

A document by Ahmad Hamdan. Click on the document to view its contents.

A document by Sonam Tshering. Click on the document to view its contents.

IntroductionTakotsubo syndrome, also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy or ”broken heart syndrome”, is a transient left ventricular dysfunction typically triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. Although its clinical presentation mimics acute coronary syndrome, it often occurs in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease [1]. The condition predominantly affects postmenopausal women and has been increasingly recognized as a paradigmatic example of the mind-heart connection.The emergence of psychocardiology as an interdisciplinary field highlights the importance of understanding psychological factors in cardiovascular health [2]. Emotional distress, anxiety, and maladaptive coping mechanisms have been associated not only with the onset but also with the prognosis of cardiac events [3]. In this context, nursing care plays a fundamental role in assessing emotional vulnerability, providing therapeutic presence, and delivering humanized care that supports both psychological and physiological recovery.This case report presents the experience of a woman diagnosed with Takotsubo syndrome following a recent bereavement, highlighting the role of nursing-centered care in managing emotional distress in cardiovascular settings. Integrating psychosocial models into care planning—such as Engel’s biopsychosocial model [4], the type D personality construct [5], and the stress-vulnerability framework [6]—allowed for a more tailored and empathetic approach. This case contributes to the growing evidence on the importance of psychocardiology in supporting holistic, person-centered care, particularly in intensive and acute care environments.

Title: Prosthetic Valve Acute Endocarditis Due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans: Case Report and Review of the literatureAbstractProsthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) remains a grave complication following valve replacement surgery. We report the case of a 43‐year‐old male who had previously undergone an aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic stenosis secondary to rheumatic heart disease and later developed infective endocarditis (IE) attributable to the rare pathogen Achromobacter xylosoxidans. This report details the infection’s clinical progression, the management strategies employed—including a redo AVR and a customized antibiotic regimen—and the patient’s successful recovery. We also review 12 previously documented cases of PVE caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans.

Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a crucial initiative factor for the Correa cascade occurrence of GC. However, the immunological mechanisms of H. pylori-induced GC remain incompletely understood, particularly at the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) level. Methods We established a scRNA-seq atlas of gastric tumor, with a focus on T-cell-related genes for trajectory analysis,cell-cell communication analysis,and transcription factor regulatory network analysis. The results were validated by immunofluorescence staining of gastric tumors. Results We collected 63,603 cells from ten human gastric tissues and identified 20 distinct clusters, annotating 14 cell types based on canonical markers.In-depth dissection disclosed seven T cell subtypes in H. pylori positive gastric tumors. We further revealed two types of exhausted T cells CD4-C2-TIGIT(Tex)and CD8-C3-PDCD1(Tex). Among them, CD4-C2-TIGIT accounted for the highest proportion in H. pylori positive GC, from which we screened that the gene FYB1 was significantly correlated with prognosis. Immunofluorescence staining verified the localized expression of FYB1 in the T cell-rich areas of H. pylori positive tumors, further substantiating their role in the tumor immune landscape. Moreover, network interaction analysis demonstrated that immune cells, stromal cells, and epithelial cells interact in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Conclusion Our study constructs a comprehensive T cell atlas of GC, delineating T cell heterogeneity and their functional interactions within the H. pylori-driven TME. These findings highlight the prognostic potential of FYB1 in tumor immunity and provide new insights into the immunological mechanisms driving GC progression.

Background: Previous studies have established an association between heart rate variability (HRV) and physiological processes such as inflammation and immune responses. This investigation aims to determine if there is a correlation between HRV and the levels of IgG antibodies to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals. Methods: This study involved 247 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 and participated in a blood donation drive at the Central Blood Station in Liangshan, Sichuan, from March 1 to March 10, 2023. During these sessions, five-minute electrocardiograms were recorded while the donors were at rest, to analyze HRV in both time and frequency domains. The levels of IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Bivariate correlation analysis illustrated that the spectral components of heart rate variability (HRV) — specifically the very low frequency power, low frequency power, and the low/high frequency ratio — are significantly inversely correlated with the levels of IgG antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein (P-values of 0.048, 0.031, and 0.076, respectively). After adjusting for confounding factors such as age and gender in a multivariate linear regression model, the very low and low frequency powers persisted as independent predictors of the IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein (P-values of 0.024 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusions: The frequency domain indicators of HRV are independent determinants influencing the levels of IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms.

Objective: To develop a valid and reliable scale for screening adult ADHD in Indonesia using the Indonesian Version of ASRS-V1.1 and report the psychometric properties through validity and reliability testing. Methods: Following the WHO protocol in translation and adaptation of instruments, the study employed forward translation, backward translation, cultural adaptation, expert panel evaluation, pre-pilot testing to subgroups, and final adjustment to make the Indonesian ASRS-V1.1. Subsequently, an online questionnaire was distributed using Google Forms, resulting in 491 final submissions. Then, 100 subjects (50 of the screened positive for ADHD group and 50 of the screened negative for ADHD group) underwent a clinical interview with two professional psychiatrists. Results: The ASRS-V1.1 ID had an exceptional internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .912 and McDonald’s omega = .914. After two weeks, test-retest reliability value was .902. The instrument’s validity was secured by KMO-MSA value of .940, total item-correlation coefficients ranged between .896-.974, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We found an AUC of 1.000 (95% CI: 1.000–1.000) for Part A, and .958 (95% CI: .949 – .967) for the Full-18-Questions. As for the 100 interviewed subjects, Part A had an AUC of .895 (95% CI: .873 – .917) and 0.947 (95% CI: .932 – .962) for the Full-18-Questions. Conclusion: The 18-questions ASRS-V1.1 ID is a valid and reliable instrument to assess and screen for adult ADHD in the Indonesian general population. This tool may be useful for both clinical and population studies.

Background: Early-life viral infections have been linked to both protection and an increased risk for allergic disease later in life. Causative relationships have been difficult to prove and most likely both timing and the type of infection(s) are of importance. The aim was to examine how early-life viral infections influence allergy prevalence at 20 years of age. Methods: In total, 281 individuals born into the cohort of parents well-characterized regarding allergy and categorized in three heredity groups by parental allergy (diagnosed as IgE-sensitized and allergic symptoms), were followed to 20 years of age. Viral infections were documented both as parent-reported between 0-2 years and seropositivity against 13 viruses at 2 years of age. Results: Allergic individuals experienced significantly more respiratory viral infections in their first two years of life, with 59% having many (11–22) infections compared to 36% of non-allergic individuals, (p=0.005). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity at two years of age showed a significant association (p=0.026) with allergy by age 20. In the logistic regression and classification tree, allergic heredity, specifically having two allergic parents, was the strongest risk factor for allergy at 20 years. Conclusion: Children with allergic parents have a high risk of developing allergies by age 20, and it is exacerbated if they experience frequent respiratory viral infections and early CMV exposure. Preventive measures to reduce the burden of respiratory infections during the first two years of life may help reduce this risk.

A document by Yang Yang. Click on the document to view its contents.

Title :Shrimp-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylactic Shock induced by Slight Sensitization to Arginine KinaseAuthor Name :Tomoki Yaguchi1、Fumi Ishikawa1、Chisato Jimbo1、Marei Omori1、Kouhei Hagino1、Daisuke Harama1、Kotaro Umezawa1、Daichi Suzuki1、Seiko Hirai1、Kenji Toyokuni1、Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada1、Shuyuan Mu2、Nayu Sato2,3、Masashi Nakamura2,3,4、Akiko Yagami3,4、Tatsuki Fukuie1Name of Institution :1. Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.2. General Research and Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan.3. Collaborative Department of Advanced Allergy and Immunology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.4. Department of Allergology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.A running title :Shrimp-FDEIA Shock Induced by Low AK-IgECorresponding author :Tatsuki FukuieAllergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan2-10-1 Ookura Setagaya-ku Tokyo JapanTel: +81-3-3416-0181E-mail address: fukuie-t@ncchd.go.jpWord Count for Main Text : 937Number of figures and tables : 1 figure and 1 tableConflict of interest :AY received research funding from Hoyu Co., Ltd. SM, NS, and MN are employees of Hoyu Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.Financial suppor t: NoneAbstract : NoneKeywords :Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis; Shrimp; Arginine kinase; Component-specific IgE test; Basophil activation testMain text :To the EditorFood-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a condition where exercise induces anaphylaxis following the consumption of certain foods. In Japan, crustaceans are the second most prevalent causative food after wheat, with shrimp responsible for about 18% of all cases1. Exercise restriction for 2-4 hours after ingestion of the allergic food is recommended in FDEIA2. However, such restrictions can significantly affect a patient’s quality of life. Therefore, a provocative test is employed to confirm the diagnosis when the causative food cannot be identified through clinical history or allergy tests.We present a case of shrimp-induced FDEIA where slight sensitization to arginine kinase might cause anaphylactic shock, despite a negative shrimp-specific IgE test. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Center for Child Health and Development (Reference number: 2022-182). Written informed consent was obtained from the patient and his guardians.A 15-year-old boy presented with unexplained allergic symptoms occurring during exercise. Approximately 90 minutes after consuming raw Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei ), fried shrimp (species unknown), wheat, tuna, yellowtail, salmon, shishamo, chicken, and rice, he developed generalized erythema and wheals while playing tennis. He had previously tolerated all these foods without allergic symptoms. His medical history included bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, milk allergy, and allergic rhinitis.Specific IgE test (ImmunoCAPⓇ, Thermofisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden) was negative for shrimp, wheat, and ω5-gliadin (cutoff >0.35 UA/mL). Skin prick test was positive for L. vannamei (raw) and Penaeus indicus (heated), but negative for commercial shrimp allergen scratch extract (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis ), and Sakura shrimp (Sergia lucens ) (Table 1). A wheal diameter >3 mm or greater than half of the positive control was considered a positive result. Both the oral food challenge forL. vannamei and the exercise provocation test with L. vannamei were negative. Subsequently, a combined provocation test with approximately 20 g of L. vannamei and 500 mg of aspirin was conducted based on Japanese food allergy guidelines2. The shrimp dose was set based on the amount that previously elicited symptoms, referencing prior reports3,4. Anaphylactic shock was diagnosed 15 minutes after completing the treadmill exercise, characterized by widespread wheals, tachycardia, and hypotension. Due to prolonged hypotension, four intramuscular adrenaline injections (0.5 mg each), a bolus of extracellular fluid, and oxygen administration were required. Based on the provocation test results, shrimp-induced FDEIA was confirmed. The patient was advised to eliminate shrimp and crab, and he has not experienced any further symptoms since then.Basophil activation tests (BAT) (BML, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) revealed an upregulation of CD203c expression on the basophils in response toL. vannamei (raw and heated), black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon ) (raw), but not to P. borealis (raw) (Table 1). Two-dimensional electrophoresis and western blotting (2D-WB) usingL. vannamei extract demonstrated IgE reactivity to approximately 35 kDa protein (Figure 1B). Mass spectrometry performed with nano LC-MS/MS (eksigent ekspertTM nano LC, TripleTOF® 6600 [SCIEX]) and Protein PilotTM software 5.0 (SCIEX) (DB used: NCBI, Crustacea) identified the protein as arginine kinase (Lit v 2). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected specific IgE only to arginine kinase, while the remaining components were negative (Figure 1C).This case illustrates shrimp-induced FDEIA in the absence of detectable shrimp-specific IgE by ImmunoCAP®. Despite negative oral food challenge and exercise provocation test, the combination of shrimp ingestion and aspirin-induced exercise triggered severe anaphylaxis requiring multiple adrenaline injections. This underscores the need for safer and more accurate diagnostic approaches beyond provocation testing.Major shrimp allergens include tropomyosin (Lit v 1), arginine kinase (Lit v 2), myosin light chain (Lit v 3), and sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein (Lit v 4)5. Recent study identified additional allergens such as P-75 homologue and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase（FBPA）in shrimp-induced FDEIA6. In the present case, 2D-WB, mass spectrometric analysis, and ELISA revealed case-specific IgE reactivity to arginine kinase (Lit v 2), with no reactivity to other previously reported allergen components. The negative shrimp-specific ImmunoCAP® in this case may reflect weak sensitization to arginine kinase, as confirmed by 2D-WB and ELISA. This suggests that even low-level sensitization to arginine kinase, undetectable by ImmunoCAP®, can trigger life-threatening reactions in the presence of co-factors such as aspirin or exercise, even when shrimp intake is relatively low3.In the present case, the BAT was positive for L. vannamei (both raw and heated), and P. monodon (raw), but negative for P. borealis (raw). Lit v 2 has been reported to be heat-stable and highly homologous to Pen m 2, an arginine kinase derived from P. monodon 7–9. In contrast, no arginine kinase ofP. borealis has been identified. The BAT results in the present case are consistent with these previous findings. This means that the BAT could detect a low-level sensitization to Lit v 2 in this case, highlighting its utility in the diagnosis of shrimp-induced FDEIA, similar to the diagnosis of shrimp allergy10. Moreover, a study involving 37 cases of suspected shrimp allergy demonstrated the diagnostic utility of the Lit v 2-specific IgE test in shrimp allergy. The positive ELISA result for arginine kinase in this case implies that component diagnosis, like BAT, might be helpful not only in shrimp allergy but also in shrimp-induced FDEIA5.A notable feature of this case was the development of anaphylactic shock during an exercise challenge test combined with aspirin administration, despite undetectable sensitization on ImmunoCAP®. It is essential to recognize that even minimal sensitization to the etiological allergen can precipitate severe manifestations in FDEIA when exacerbating factors are present. To avoid severe reactions during the provocation test, safer and more precise diagnostic methodologies are needed. This case highlighted the potential role of component-specific IgE test and BAT in this context.Acknowledgements : None.Key message :Even minimal sensitization to a causative allergen can induce severe symptoms in food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis when cofactors are present. Component-resolved diagnostics and basophil activation tests may support the diagnosis.References :1. Morita E, Kunie K, Matsuo H. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. J Dermatol Sci . 2007;47(2):109-117. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.03.0042. Ebisawa M, Ito K, Fujisawa T, et al. Japanese guidelines for food allergy 2020. Allergol Int . 2020;69(3):370-386. doi:10.1016/j.alit.2020.03.0043. Asaumi T, Yanagida N, Sato S, Shukuya A, Nishino M, Ebisawa M. Provocation tests for the diagnosis of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol . 2016;27(1):44-49. doi:10.1111/pai.124894. Ballmer-Weber BK, Fernandez-Rivas M, Beyer K, et al. How much is too much? Threshold dose distributions for 5 food allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol . 2015;135(4):964-971. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.0475. Ayuso R, Sánchez-Garcia S, Pascal M, et al. Is epitope recognition of shrimp allergens useful to predict clinical reactivity? Clin Exp Allergy . 2012;42(2):293-304. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03920.x6. Akimoto S, Yokooji T, Ogino R, et al. Identification of allergens for food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis to shrimp. Sci Rep . 2021;11(1):5400. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84752-27. Kamath SD, Rahman AMA, Voskamp A, et al. Effect of heat processing on antibody reactivity to allergen variants and fragments of black tiger prawn: A comprehensive allergenomic approach. Mol Nutr Food Res . 2014;58(5):1144-1155. doi:10.1002/mnfr.2013005848. Xu LL, Gao HY, Yang F, et al. Major shrimp allergen peptidomics signatures and potential biomarkers of heat processing. Food Chem . 2022;382:132567. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.1325679. García-Orozco KD, Aispuro-Hernández E, Yepiz-Plascencia G, Calderón-de-la-Barca AM, Sotelo-Mundo RR. Molecular characterization of arginine kinase, an allergen from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Int Arch Allergy Immunol . 2007;144(1):23-28. doi:10.1159/00010261010. Wai CYY, Leung NYH, Leung ASY, et al. Cell-Based Functional IgE Assays Are Superior to Conventional Allergy Tests for Shrimp Allergy Diagnosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract . 2021;9(1):236-244.e9. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.08.057

Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are key proteins involved in regulating mitochondrial membrane permeability and cellular stress responses. In this study, we identified and characterized nine MeVDAC genes in cassava ( Manihot esculenta) through bioinformatic analysis of the whole cassava genome. These genes were found to contain conserved Porin_3 domains, typical of mitochondrial pore proteins, and exhibited diverse expression patterns across various tissues, particularly in root tips, suggesting their roles in growth, development, and stress response. Cis-acting element analysis revealed that MeVDAC genes are involved in multiple stress signaling pathways, including those related to drought, salt, cold, and oxidative stress. Among these, MeVDAC2 was selected for further investigation due to its unique stress-related cis-elements and lack of replication events. Overexpression of MeVDAC2 in both yeast and cassava significantly enhanced tolerance to sodium, cadmium, and lead toxicities. In addition, MeVDAC2-overexpressing plants showed reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities under stress conditions, indicating improved oxidative stress tolerance. Our findings suggest that MeVDAC2 plays a crucial role in mitigating metal ion toxicity and oxidative stress in cassava, and its overexpression could be utilized to enhance cassava’s resilience to abiotic stresses. This study provides new insights into the functional diversity of VDACs in plants and highlights their potential for improving crop stress tolerance.

The universe exhibits a paradoxical nature, appearing infinite in both microscopic and macroscopic scales. The Infinite Duality Theory suggests that there is no ultimate smallest or largest entity. Every particle, no matter how small, can be further divided, and the universe itself can continue expanding indefinitely. This paper explores the implications of this infinite structure, incorporating scientific theories from modern physics and cosmology.

The management of left atrial appendage thrombus under anticoagulants is still on debate. The paper presented by Kushnir et al. is based on their real-life experience (1). They proposed to switch oral anticoagulation (OAC) or to maintain the same agent for longer period of time allowing to resolve the thrombus in 31% of cases. They also suggest new alternatives such as LAA-occlusion (LAA-O). From our point of view many other strategies remain possible including NOACs substituted by VKA antagonists along with INR values between 3 and 4, LMWH curative therapy or the rivaroxaban 15 mg twice daily dose use for a period of 8 weeks before TEE retesting. Once the clot is dissolved, the TTP-LACC procedure should be discussed or applied in order to avoid the risk LAA thrombus recurrence. This should be the best approach in the future.

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men, and precise grading of histopathology slides is critical for treatment planning. We introduce a prompt-guided adaptation of the Segment Anything Model (MedSAM) for pixel-level, multi-class Gleason pattern segmentation in haematoxylin–eosin-stained tissue micro-arrays. Using stratified train/validation/test splits of the MICCAI-2019 dataset, the network combines class-aware oversampling, colour-preserving augmentation and a weighted cross-entropy + Dice objective to counter severe class imbalance. On the held-out test set our model achieves Cohen’s κ=0 .772, F macro = 0 . 8 1 3 and F micro = 0 . 8 5 7 . Averaged over five Gleason grades, sensitivity and specificity reach 0.882 and 0.953, respectively, surpassing strong CNN (U-Net, DeepLab) and transformer baselines (K-Net, Swin-UNet). In particular, high-grade patterns (grades 4–5) are recalled with 0.909 sensitivity while benign tissue is segmented with >90 % specificity. The system processes a 1024×1024 patch in 128 ms on a single V100 GPU, underscoring the practicality of fine-tuned foundation models as fast and reliable decision-support tools in digital pathology workflows. Our objective is to build a clinically usable, multi-grade Gleason segmentation tool by fine-tuning MedSAM with prompt guidance and imbalance-aware learning.

A document by Esha Thakkar. Click on the document to view its contents.

This paper presents a detailed lyrical analysis of Malique's verses in the song "Ayuh," from the Polis Evo film soundtrack, arguing that the lyrics construct a multi-layered antagonist through a sophisticated synthesis of classical archetypes and contemporary metaphors. The analysis deconstructs two distinct but interconnected personas. The first is the "Mastermind," a vengeful figure resurrected from a past defeat. This persona is examined through its use of archaic Malay vocabulary (sakti, daksina ke paksina) and its psychological depth, portraying a character whose aggression masks a "fragile emotional state" (emosi rapuhnya). The core of this identity is the potent metaphor of "Kitol Al Iskariot," a new archetype created by fusing historical and religious symbols of ultimate betrayal. The paper then analyzes the lyrical shift to the second persona: the "Operator," an anonymous and unstoppable instrument of modern warfare. This identity is built through imagery of military hardware (balaklava, logam hitam) and cemented by cultural shorthand referencing both elite weaponry ("Bruno Steyr NATO") and the perfect synthesis of strategy and force ("Marco Polo Rambo"). Ultimately, this study concludes that Malique's lyrical craftsmanship demonstrates the capacity of hip-hop to serve as a medium for complex character development, effectively creating a compelling villain who is at once a product of timeless grievance and an embodiment of a modern threat.

Energy systems have one job: maximize input, minimize loss. In 3D, that reduces to controlling surface area. Because area enters linearly in drag, power, heat, and diffusion, it’s the first design lever—explaining leaves vs. trunks, sails vs. hulls—while we flag the regimes where coefficients dominate.