Background: Accidental allergic reactions (AAR) in children are under-studied, especially with precise pediatrician-based exact diagnoses and follow-ups. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors for AAR in Japanese children with immediate-type food allergies. Methods: This single-center study included children with immediate-type hen’s egg (HE), cow’s milk (CM), wheat, or peanut allergy who had been followed-up regularly at a national center specialized for allergy in Japan. Low-dose reactivity was defined as allergic reactions to a low dose of ≤250, ≤102, ≤53, or ≤133 mg HE, CM, wheat, or peanut protein, respectively. From January to December 2020, pediatricians followed the AAR experience every 2–4 months. Risk factors for AAR were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: Of the 1096 participants, 609, 457, 138, and 90 had HE, CM, wheat, and peanut allergies, respectively. In this cohort, the median age was 5.0 years, 39% had completely eliminated allergenic food, and 24% had low-dose reactivity. The annual AAR rate was 0.130 in all sub-cohorts. Moderate and severe symptoms occurred in 50% and 0.7%, respectively, of children who experienced AAR. Multiple logistic regression revealed that low-dose reactivity was a significant risk factor for AAR in the overall, HE, and CM cohorts, respectively ( p <0.001, p = 0.029 and 0.036). Conclusion: In Japanese children with immediate-type food allergies, the annualized rate of AAR was relatively low; however, half of the participants with AAR had moderate to severe symptoms. Children, especially those with low-dose reactivity, would require careful risk management of AAR.

Phylogeography bears an important part in ecology and evolution. However, current phylogeographic studies are largely constrained by limited numbers of individual samples. Using the newly developed environmental DNA (eDNA) assay for phylogeographic analyses, this study provides detailed information regarding the history of Siberian stone loach Barbatula toni, a primary freshwater fish across the whole range of Hokkaido, Japan. Based on an eDNA metabarcoding on 293 river water samples, we detected eDNA from B. toni in 189 rivers. Among the B. toni eDNA-positive sample set, 51 samples were chosen to implement the Barbatula-specific eDNA assay on a fine scale with the goal of determining the phylogeographic pattern. As a result, two regionally restricted, genetically distinct lineages of the species were revealed. According to a molecular clock analysis, they have been genetically isolated for at least 1.5 million years, suggesting their ancient origin and colonization of Hokkaido, presumably in the glacial periods. These results demonstrate how freshwater fishes can alter their distributions over evolutionary timescales and how eDNA assay can deepen our understanding of phylogeography.

May the jawbone healed from chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis be considered a healthy bone when planning to place dental implants? – Documentation of a case over 20 yearsPascal Grün1†, Benedikt Schneider1†, Patrick Bandura1, Florian Pfaffeneder-Mantai1,2, Ditjon Bytyqi1 and Dritan Turhani 1*Assist.-Prof. Dr. med. dent. Pascal Grün ZT 1†Doctor of Medicine in Dentistryassistant doctorpascal.gruen@dp-uni-ac.atAssist.-Prof. Dr. med. dent. Benedikt Schneider 1†Doctor of Medicine in Dentistryassistant doctorbenedikt.schneider@dp-uni.ac.atOA Assist.-Prof. DDr. Patrick Bandura MSc 1Doctor of MedicineDoctor of Medicine in Dentistrysenior doctorpatrick.bandura@dp-uni.ac.atOA Assist.-Prof. Dr. med. dent. Florian Pfaffeneder-Mantai MA 1,2Doctor of Medicine in Dentistrysenior doctor and deputy medical directorflorian.pfaffeneder@dp-uni.ac.atCand.med.dent. Ditjon Bytyqi 1Student of Medicine in Dentistrybytyqi.ditjon@dp-uni.euUniv.-Prof. Dr. med. univ. Dritan Turhani 1*Doctor of MedicineProfessor and Head, Centre for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery1 Center for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500 Krems, Austria2 Division for Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Department of Medicine, Faculty ofMedicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500 Krems, Austria† Both authors contributed equally to this paper.* Corresponding address:

IntroductionLimb salvage is achievable in most patients (90%) with bone or soft tissue sarcomas owing to chemotherapy and reconstructive surgery advances. However, amputation is needed in some patients due to chronic infection, tumor recurrence, and construct failure (1). Proximal transfemoral amputations result in less energy-efficient walking, increased oxygen consumption, and reduced walking speed (2,3).Tibial turn-up plasty is a surgical alternative for severe femoral bone defects, avoiding proximal above-knee amputations or hip disarticulations to augment the functional length of the stump. The surgical basis is to use the ipsilateral tibia as a pedicled autograft or free flap, rotating the bone proximally 180º (coronal or sagittal plane) to the remaining femur or hip joint. The result is a longer stump, optimizing prosthetic fitting for more efficient gait balance during mobilization (4).We herein report the case of a 46-year-old male with a history of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma of the distal left femur who underwent limb salvage with distal femoral endoprostheses. Several years after the surgery, he developed an untreatable periprosthetic infection with substantial femoral bone loss. The tibial turn-up plasty was proposed as an alternative to a proximal above-knee amputation to optimize prosthesis use and potentiate gait balance. The transfemoral prosthesis was fitted 11 months after surgery. At the final follow-up, the patient was ambulatory with a cane without complaints about prosthesis fitting or pain.

Developing novel, metal-free materials as efficient catalysts for the electrochemical nitrogen fixation reaction (NRR) to replace the Haber-Bosch process remains a significant challenge. Herein, γ-graphyne nanotubes (γGyNTs) doped with single sp2-B or sp-B were developed as electrocatalysts. The NRR activity of the doped γGyNTs was studied by intensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results reveal that the curvature effect significantly enhances the catalytic activity of sp-B-doped γGyNTs, in contrast with that achieved via sp2-B doping. The limiting potential of sp-B-doped (2, 0)-γGyNT is predicted to be −0.071 V, which is significantly superior to that of previously reported metal-free catalysts (MFCs). Moreover, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is suppressed by sp-B-doped (2, 0)-γGyNT. Analysis of the catalytic mechanism revealed that the enhanced NRR activity of the sp-B doped γGyNTs mainly originates from the synergistic effects of the enhanced exposure of the p-orbital and positive charge on the sp-B dopants induced by the curvature effect, which can alter the interactions with intermediates. The present findings are insightful and suggest a new strategy for designing graphyne-related materials as high-performance non-metallic NRR catalysts.

A document by Xiaobin Jin. Click on the document to view its contents.

Abstract Background and Purpose Pneumoconiosis, especially silicosis has emerged as a prominent occupational disease with remarkable global implications with no definitive cure available. While pirfenidone and nintedanib have been approved in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, their potential efficacy as anti-fibrotic agents in advanced silicosis warrants further investigation. Thus, we aimed to assess the individual and combined effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib in treating advanced silicosis mice and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in their therapeutic actions. Experimental Approach We administrated monotherapy or combination therapy of pirfenidone and nintedanib with low and high doses in silicosis mouse models established after 6 weeks and then evaluated lung function, inflammatory responses, and fibrotic status. Moreover, we employed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to unravel the mechanisms underlying different therapeutic strategies. Key Results Both pirfenidone and nintedanib were demonstrated to be effective for advanced silicosis, with superior outcomes when used in combination. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that pirfenidone and nintedanib primarily exerted their therapeutic effects through modulation of immune responses, signaling cascades, circadian rhythm, and metabolic processes of substances including lipid, amino acids, nucleotides, and carbohydrates. Conclusion and Implications In conclusion, pirfenidone and nintedanib, either administered individually or in combination, exhibit remarkable potential in advanced silicosis mouse models. Further, combined therapy outperformed monotherapy even at a half dose. These therapeutic benefits are attributed to their influence on diverse signaling pathways and metabolic processes. Keywords: silicosis, pulmonary fibrosis, pirfenidone, nintedanib, multi-omics.

An 8-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented for evaluation and investigation for recurrent unilateral epistaxis. Computer tomography (CT) confirmed the presence of an invasive and expansive progressive ethmoid hematoma (PEH) located in the right paranasal sinuses. The mass invaded the right paranasal sinuses compartments causing moderate leftward displacement of the nasal septum with subsequent collapse of the left nasal passages, complete obliteration of the right ethmoid turbinate, right infraorbital canal, and nasolacrimal duct. Also, impingement of the axial margin of the right orbit. A large frontonasal maxillary bone flap was performed standing under sedation and local anesthesia and the PEH was removed successfully with minimal surgical complications. The gelding made an unremarkable recovery from surgery and progressed well after recovering from post operative pleuropneumonia. Follow-up (25 months post operative) confirmed the reoccurrence of the PEH, but the horse remained healthy in pasture turn out.

Land degradation (LD) is a severe and well-known global concern. Therefore, this review aimed to find broader connections between LD and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This literature review aims to synthesize the definitions, processes, assessments, and challenges associated with LD. Furthermore, we developed a universally applicable and concise definition of LD that links a wide range of contexts and studies. Specifically, we categorized LD-related processes into physical, chemical, and biological processes and synthesized 20 methods/formulas used in the assessment of LD. Finally, we synthesized the most significant challenges in the context of the resolution of LD and provided corresponding recommendations. The review also Identified the main SDG targets that LD directly affects and the role that LD in relation to the SDGs. Overall, we expect this literature review to be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners aiming to obtain a broad and comprehensive understanding of LD. These findings should facilitate sustainable and scientifically rooted use of land resources.

Abstract: embedding Network improves entrepreneurial performance by acquiring entrepreneurial resource, and a theoretical framework of “network embedding- entrepreneurial resources acquisition-entrepreneurial performance” is developed. Guided by this theoretical framework, based on the entrepreneurial sample data of 626 returning migrant workers, we used the Analytical Hierarchy Process to find that the structural and relational embeddedness in network embedding had significant positive effects on both individual performance and organizational performance of returning migrant workers, and also on knowledge resource acquisition, asset resource acquisition and psychological resource acquisition. Access to entrepreneurial resources has a significant positive effect on individual performance and organizational performance. However, it also exerts a partial mediating effect between network embeddedness and entrepreneurial performance of returning migrant workers. Therefore, returning migrant workers should reasonably construct their networks and establish lasting and stable network circles; strengthen the contact tightness with network partners; acquire knowledge, assets, and psychological resources from multiple interpersonal circles; and government departments should provide substantial resource support for returning migrant workers’ entrepreneurship. Keywords: Network embedding; Returning migrant workers; Resources acquisition; Entrepreneurial performance

Conventional treatment methods are not effective enough to fight the rapid increase in cancer cases. The interest is increasing in the investigation of herbal sources for the development of new anticancer therapeutics. Particularly, much attention is given to finding combined phytochemical/chemotherapeutic treatment models to overcome drug resistance and decrease side effects. The aim was to investigate the antitumor capacity of Hypericum alpestre herb extract in vitro and in vivo, either alone or combined with the inhibitors of the L-arginine/polyamine/nitric oxide pathway and characterize its active phytochemicals using advanced chromatographic techniques. The antioxidant capacity of H. alpestre extract was assessed through chemical spectrophotometric tests (DPPH and ABTS) and in biological systems using Cellular Antioxidant Activity assay. The inhibitory effect of H. alpestre extract on the growth of human colorectal (HT29) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell cultures was explored by the MTT test. The genotoxicity of the tested extract was studied using a comet assay. In vivo, the antitumor properties of H. alpestre and its combinations were explored in a rat mammary gland carcinogenesis model induced by subcutaneous injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. The polyphenolic substances present in H. alpestre extract have been characterized using the LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS system. The H. alpestre extract expressed promising antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 and HT29 cells. The extract did not exhibit genotoxic activity nor possessed antigenotoxic properties. The in vivo rat mammary carcinogenesis model data showed that the H. alpestre extract stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, brain, and tumors of rats in the experimental groups, demonstrating its antioxidant protective effects. The herb alone and in combination with N ω-OH-nor-L-arginine and N ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester exhibited pro-/antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, and cytotoxic effects.

The lipases produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus are mostly extracellular enzymes that are secreted into the environment. These lipases have broad substrate specificity and are capable of hydrolyzing a variety of lipids, including triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and free fatty acids, making them the focus of many studies on their applications. The present work carried out an exploratory analysis of the production of lipases in fungi of the genus Aspergillus isolated in the Misiones rainforest of Paranaense. Using qualitative detection techniques with Tween 80 % and rhodamine B as substrates, and based on the quantitative analysis conducted, it was determined that the isolate Aspergillus sp. LBM 054 exhibited the highest lipase production capacity with a total of 133 U mL-1. A Plackett-Burman statistical test found that adding tributyrin to the culture medium increased lipase activity (P<0.05). Among the evaluated concentrations, the addition of 2% tributyrin demonstrated the highest increase in lipase activity, reaching a fivefold increase compared to the initial activity observed at the beginning of the trials. The optimal activity and high stability at neutral to alkaline pH values make these enzymes suitable for various biotechnological applications. The zymogram gel of the selected strain showed an enzymatic profile, where the protein’s molecular mass was 38 kDa.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of low frequency alternating magnetic field (LF-AMF) on the production of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) by submerged liquid fermentation of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. The fermentation conditions optimized by central composite design method were as follows: fermentation time of 6 d, temperature of 28 ℃, shaking speed of 150 r/min, and inoculum amount of 8 %. Under these conditions, a LF-AMF was applied to the liquid fermentation of P. citrinopileatus. When the intensity of LF-AMF was 40 Gs, the initial intervention time was 24 h after inoculation, and the treatment time was 6 h at one time, the mycelium biomass of P. citrinopileatus increased by 11.30 ± 0.33 %, and the EPS yield increased by 23.09 ± 1.52 % compared with the fermentation without LF-AMF treatment. The morphology of mycelium after LF-AMF treatment was observed by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the surface of mycelium was wrinkled and the structure of mycelium was loose, which might be more conducive to the production of EPS.

The engineering rockmass is often prone to compression, therefore how to establish a fracture criterion to reflect the rockmass compression failure is vital. Take the rockmass with one oblique crack for instance, the mechanical behavior of the oblique crack face closure and friction sliding under uniaxial compression is firstly analyzed, and then the Kolossoff-Muskhelishvilli stress function of the rockmass under uniaxial compression is established based on the complex stress functions. Next, the calculation methods of the stress intensity factor (SIF) K and three T-stress components at or near the crack tip considering three kinds of crack parameters (e.g. geometry parameter, friction strength parameter and deformation parameter) are obtained. Thirdly, the improved maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion is obtained considering T-stress and three kinds of crack parameters. Finally, the relevant experiments done by other researchers are adopted to verify the improved MTS criterion. Meanwhile, the effect of γ, the crack normal stiffness kn and shear stiffness ks, and the crack friction coefficient f on the wing-crack initiation angle are discussed with the parametric sensitivity analysis.

A document by Karthikeyan A. Click on the document to view its contents.

The research into fatigue fracture formulations for the Theory of Critical Distances (TCD) in concrete is advancing, with a focus on reducing the occurrence of fatigue failures in concrete structures. Despite design safety factors, concrete fatigue failures persist, and the associated fatigue tests are resource intensive. While TCD is known for its accuracy, it exhibits instability concerning variations in water-cement ratios in concrete mixes. The absence of standardized procedures further complicates fatigue testing, hindering research progress. This paper proposes a unified relationship between static and fatigue properties, streamlining fatigue characterizations through less laborious static tests. This research paves the way for Part B, which explores mathematical enhancements to this formulation. Together, Parts A and B aim to bridge knowledge gaps, offering a foundation for safer and more efficient concrete structures.

The tissue tropism of a virus is a key determinant of viral pathogenicity which is often modulated by the presence or absence of appropriate molecules on the surface of a host cell that can be used by the virus to gain entry into that cell. Annexin II was seen to interact with dengue virus (DENV) and enhanced infection. Herein, we aimed to explore this interaction as a potential target for the design of anti-DENV therapeutics. We demonstrated annexin II extracellular translocation in Vero cells upon exposure to DENV, extracellular and intracellular colocalization assays as well as co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed to further confirmed protein interaction. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation were employed to identify the interaction sites. The result showed extracellular translocation of annexin II upon DENV exposure to the cell, the result further showed annexin II colocalizing with DENV E-glycoprotein extracellularly and intracellularly. Furthermore, the result of co-immunoprecipitation assay shows DENV E glycoprotein pulling down annexin II, and the result of molecular docking showed strong interaction between the two proteins. MD simulations has proposed the binding of two regions of annexin II (i) Y274-K280 and (ii) K369-Q327 with BR3 E glycoprotein of DENV2 (residue 380-389), with potential of infections abrogation upon inhibition.

Title - Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) of the Liver following an Allogeneic Renal Transplant

Introduction        Heart transplantation is considered an important treatment option for advance heart failure patient who do not respond to medical therapy. However, before surgery, contraindications for heart transplantation should be evaluated. These contraindications may include fixed pulmonary hypertension, active cancer, HIV infection, or active infections with unstable conditions. [1]Infection is a significant concern for patients undergoing heart transplantation include pre- and post-operative period, as it may lead to the risk of severe infections in these patients. In fact, infections are the second leading cause of death after graft rejection within the first 30 days following heart transplantation and the leading cause of death beyond 30 days post transplantation. [2,3]        Bacterial infections are significant concern for patients undergoing heart transplantation. According to a study, the incidence of bacterial infections in these patients can be as high as 43.6%. Common causes of infection include pneumonia, bloodstream infections due to the placement of central venous catheters, and infections associated with the use of ventricular assist devices. In the past, the mortality rate from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in heart transplant patients was as high as 66.7%. However, advancements in medical treatments, including antifungal medications, adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy, and improved surgical techniques, have improve survival in these patients. [4,5]        As a result, current medical guidelines recommend treating fungal infections until symptoms, radiological findings, and laboratory tests show improvement before proceeding with heart transplantation. However, there are no specific recommendations for the optimal duration of treatment before emergency heart transplantation or in cases where the patient’s condition requires urgent surgery. [6]

The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is a hotspot of global warming and many fjords experience a continuous increase in seawater temperature and glacial melt while sea-ice cover declines. In 1996/98 and 2012-14 macroalgal biomass and species diversity were quantified at the study site Hansneset, Kongsfjorden (W-Spitsbergen) in order to identify potential changes over time. In 2021, we repeated the earlier studies by stratified random sampling (1x1 m2, n=3) along a sublittoral depth transect (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15m) and investigated the lower depth limits of dominant brown algae between 2-20m. The fresh weight maximum was 11.5 kg m-2 at 2.5m and kelp blades stored 277g carbon m-2 and 18g nitrogen m-2 at this depth. Although biomass did not significantly change since 2012/13, the ‘Digitate Kelps’ community (Laminaria digitata/Hedophyllum nigripes) changed to an Alaria esculenta dominated kelp forest in 2021 and a balanced age structure of kelps (juveniles plus many older kelp individuals) was only apparent at 2.5m. In addition, the abundances and lower depth limits of all dominant brown algae declined noticeably over the last 25 years while the deep red algae flora remained stable. As we revealed that biomass allocation to blades, stipes and holdfasts as well as the ability to store blade carbon and nitrogen was kelp species-specific, a pronounced shift in the functionality of the kelp forest had occurred over time. We propose that the observed changes in the macroalgal community are mainly driven by alterations in underwater light climate as in situ data confirmed increasing turbidity and decreasing irradiance since 2012 and 2017, respectively. As a consequence, the overall retreat of the kelp forest to lower depth levels seems to be a result of strong glacial melt and will possibly continue in future with unforeseen consequences for Arctic coasts and their socio-ecological fjord systems.

Life is not a beach for those animals that survive in the rough ecological conditions found in marine sandy beaches—and yet, microscopic animals thrive on them. We explore the drivers for meiofaunal diversity in beaches by analysing taxonomic and functional patterns of 348 flatworm communities across 116 reflective beaches in the Western Mediterranean, totalling 152 species (61.2% new to Science). First, we confirm that species richness does not differ between beach hydrodynamic levels (swash, shoaling and surf) but rather depends on the characteristics of each beach. Second, we demonstrate that species composition across those levels depends on the species traits, in addition to geographical and abiotic factors. Third, we highlight that the species functional space has a lower richness than expected and a lower redundancy in the wave-exposed swash level compared to the shoaling and subtidal levels, suggesting a trait-based ecological filtering. Finally, we show that those differences depend on the higher frequency of hydrodynamics-related traits in the species of the swash level. Our results suggest that the rough hydrodynamic conditions in the swash level favour a unique combination of species traits, which might be linked to ecological speciation in flatworms but also in other interstitial animals.

Dedicating a science conference workshop for the first time to the non-science topic of Law and Ethics represents an important recognition by science researchers of their need to learn about and participate as stakeholders in nanotechnology law. This pathbreaking workshop at Nanotexnology 2023 addressed food raising questions about consumer protection, workplace safety and health, and the need for harmonization regarding conflicts of laws as nanoscale materials in food are governed under different regulatory systems in the USA, EU and internationally. In so doing this Inaugural Special Session about Law and Ethics of Nanotechnology at Nanotexnology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in Greeceit represents a nod to the crosscutting law and ethics issues that have historically not been as highly valued by the scientific community as the more direct science issues. Our pioneering Workshop, derived from questions posed by research scientists and entrepreneurs themselves, tried to answer from a perspective of law and ethicsthe question: How can benefits of nanotechnology be responsible developed while minimizing risks to workers’ safety, health and well-being? Food touches every human and every other species in the world throughout daily life. Food is therefore the subject of extensive regulation nationally, internationally across trade agreements and under some religious law too. Nanotechnology has been applied to food since the early 21st century with attendant implications for food quality, quantity and distribution. Civil society therefore must maximize the benefits of nanotechnology as applied to food while minimizing the risks to individuals and global health. This small area of interface between these three disciplinary realms ultimately impacts consumers, environmental well being, global health, medical impacts of nutrition from food, and food supply. The results of these deliberations conclude that harmonization of law and outreach to the public is essential to operationalizing nanotechnology goals.

Background: Transvenous leads have been implicated in tricuspid valve (TV) dysfunction, but limited data are available regarding the effect of extracting leads across the TV on valve regurgitation. Objective: The aim of this study is to quantify tricuspid regurgitation (TR) before and after lead extraction and identify predictors of worsening TR. Methods: We studied 321 patients who had echocardiographic data before and after lead extraction. TR was graded on a scale (0=none/trivial, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe). A change of > 1 grade following extraction was considered significant. Results: A total of 321 patients underwent extraction of a total of 338 leads across the TV (1.05 ± 0.31 leads across the TV per patient). There was no significant difference in average TR grade pre- and post-extraction (1.18 ± 0.91 vs. 1.15 ± 0.87; p=0.79). TR severity increased after extraction in 84 patients, but was classified as significantly worse (i.e. > 1 grade change in severity) in only 8 patients (2.5%). Use of laser lead extraction was associated with a higher rate of worsening TR post-extraction (44.0% vs. 31.6%, p=0.04). Conclusion: In our single-center analysis, extraction of leads across the TV did not significantly affect the extent of TR in most patients. Laser lead extraction was associated with a higher rate of worsening TR after extraction.

IntroductionWith the development of society, the consumption demand for edible oil is increasing rapidly. Most vegetable oils are produced by four major crops, including soybean, oil palm, rape and sunflower (Dyer and Mullen, 2008). Rapeseed (Brassica napus L. ) contributes more than 15% of the world’s edible oil supply (Usda, 2014). Rapeseed is the most significant oilseed crop and a primary source of edible oil in China, Canadian, and the European Union. As people’s demand for edible oil increases year by year, enhancing seed oil content and oil production per unit area of land is one of the most important goals in the breeding of rapeseed.The seed oil content is a complicated quantitative trait that is easily affected by environmental factors and varies from 35% to 55% in rapeseed depending on ecological zones and climate conditions (Zhou et al., 2018). Low temperature increases polyunsaturated fatty acid content in plants, contributing to maintaining the fluidity of biological membranes (Los and Murata, 1998). Bellaloui et al. (2013) demonstrated that high temperature altered oil production and composition, which could be partially related to the limited availability and movement of carbohydrates from leaves to seeds. Zhou et al. (2018) suggested that temperature affects storage lipids and gene expression changes in lipid metabolism in low and high oil content rapeseed cultivars. Some research has suggested that temperature directly affects the expression instability of the FAD2 and FAD3 genes in the process of lipid accumulation (Román et al., 2012; Zhu et al., 2012; Li et al., 2015). Meanwhile, light intensity is an essential factor in determining the efficiency of photosynthesis. Light intensity affects gene expression in lipid metabolism, which regulates the seed oil content in developing seeds (Vuorinen et al., 2014; Zhu et al., 2020). The expression of WRINKLED1 , an important lipid synthesis regulatory gene in developing seeds, is associated with silique wall photosynthetic activity (Hua et al., 2012). Although the molecular mechanism by which temperature and light regulate fatty acid accumulation is not well known, uncovering environment-insensitive genes in lipid metabolism may be a better way to further improve the stability of oil content and fatty acid composition.Environmental and genotypic interactions lead to gene expression pattern differences that result in phenotypic diversity. With the development of next-generation sequencing, gene expression variation can be measured quantitatively, and DEGs related to phenotypes and/or environments can be explored. Transcriptome analysis has been applied to uncover the DEGs involved in rapeseed oil content (Tan et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2023). A large number of DEGs could be identified in short times by this application. However, the transcriptome was only interpreted as phenotypic variation in terms of gene expression and failed to fully interpret genetic variations (van Dam et al., 2015). Meanwhile, numerous differentially expressed genes make explaining transcriptome results and enacting breeding strategies more difficult. GWAS is an application that studies complex phenotypes by investigating genetic variations in the whole genome and has been extensively applied in rapeseed (He et al., 2017; Zhou et al., 2018b; Chen et al., 2019). Therefore, combining transcriptome analysis and GWAS to identify differentially expressed genes and explore genetic variations is a novel strategy. For example, Zhang et al. (2018) used GWAS combined with transcriptome analysis to reveal that HCTs and WRKYs interact to regulate the defence response of poplar. Xiao et al. (2019) identified a few key genes of the lipid biosynthesis pathway controlling oil content by combining GWAS and transcriptome analysis in Brassica napus . A combination of genome-wide and transcriptome-wide association studies identified three thermal tolerance-associated loci that contained 75 protein-coding genes and 27 long noncoding RNAs (Ma et al., 2021).In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of two HOC and LOC accessions at 35 DAP across three different environments. Meanwhile, a GWAS was performed to detect candidate genes significantly associated with seed oil content in three different environments. Our aimed to identity environment-insensitive genes in the process of oil accumulation. These results will provide useful molecular markers for the improvement of high and stability oil content varieties.