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Global solvability in a three-dimensional cross-diffusion system modeling urban crime...
Yongfeng Jiang

Yongfeng Jiang

January 30, 2024
In this paper, we will focus on the no-flux initial-boundary value problem for the three-dimensional cross-diffusion system &u_t=\Delta u-\chi\nabla\cdot(\frac{u}{v}\nabla v)-uv+B_{1}(x,t),& x \in\Omega,t>0, &v_t=\Delta v+uv-v+B_{2}(x,t), & x\in\Omega,t>0 with some positive parameter \chi. Under some basic assumptions on the parameter functions B_{1}, B_{2} and \chi \in (0,\sqrt 3), we show that the system possesses at least one global renormalized solution in case that all model ingredients are radially symmetric with respect to the center of \Omega.
Boundedness of weak solutions in a 3D chemotaxis-Stokes system with nonlinear double...
Qingyun Lin

Qingyun Lin

January 30, 2024
In this paper, an incompressible chemotaxis-Stokes system with nonlinear double degeneracy diffusion \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{split} &n_t+{\bf u}\cdot\nabla n=\nabla\cdot({|\nabla n^m|}^{p-2} \nabla n^m)-\nabla\cdot\big(n\nabla c\big),& \qquad x\in\Omega,\,t>0,\\ &c_t+{\bf u}\cdot\nabla c=\Delta c-nc, &\qquad x\in\Omega,\,t>0,\\ &{\bf u}_t=\Delta{\bf u}+\nabla P+n\nabla\phi,&\qquad x\in\Omega,\,t>0,\\ &\nabla\cdot{\bf u}=0,&\qquad x\in\Omega,\,t>0\\ \end{split} \right. \end{equation*} \\ is considered in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset {\mathbb{R}}^3$, where potential function $\phi\in W^{2,\infty}(\Omega)$ is given. Here we have homogeneous boundary conditions of Neumann type for $n$ and $c$, and of Dirichlet type for ${\bf u}$. It is proved that global bounded weak solutions exist whenever $8mp-8m+3p>15$, $p\geq2$ and $m\geq1$.
Hearing performance after myringoplasty with full-thickness cartilage: A propensity s...
Yi-bo Huang
Jiang-Hong Xu

Yi-bo Huang

and 6 more

January 30, 2024
Objective: Hearing performance after myringoplasty with full-thickness tragal cartilage (FTTC) has been questioned because a considerable difference exists between the graft and natural tympanum. This study aimed to analyze the air-bone gap (ABG) trends before and after myringoplasty and its interaction with risk factors in the FTTC group; further, it compared postoperative ABG in the FTTC group to that in the temporalis fascia (TF) and partial-thickness tragal cartilage (PTTC) groups. Design: A retrospective cohort study Setting: Tertiary care University Hospital Methods: The general linear model repeated measures was used to analyze ABG trends in the FTTC group and its influencing factors. Non-parametric tests were used to compare ABGs in the FTTC group and the other two groups. Propensity score matching was done to balance baseline characteristics between the TF and FTTC group. Results: The mean postoperative ABG in the FTTC group was 12.17±6.58 dB, and 90.9% of the patients had a mean ABG within 20 dB, which improved significantly after surgery (F(1,108)=38.707, P<.001). The tympanic perforation size and malleus handle exposure status, which significantly affected the preoperative ABG, did not affect postoperative hearing (P>.05). In the FTTC group, the mean ABG was comparable to that in the other two groups (P>.05). For all except 250 Hz, a similar audiological performance was observed in the FTTC and PTTC groups; FTTC had a better performance at 250 Hz (Z=-2.277, P=.023). Conclusions: Good hearing performance was achieved after myringoplasty with FTTC, irrespective of the preoperative perforation size and malleus handle exposure status.
The association of missed nursing care with patient-central and nurse-central outcome...
Wenxin  Zhang
Haiyan Zhang

Wenxin Zhang

and 2 more

January 30, 2024
Aims To analyze the existing literature on missed nursing care associated with patient-centered and nurse-centered outcomes. Design As of September 2019, publications that assess the relationship of missed nursing care between patient-centered and nurse-centered outcomes were identified and clarified by performing a meta-analysis. Data Sources PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for relevant studies were researched, between the establishment date and September 6, 2019. Review Methods Search terms were designed to systematically search on the electronic databases. For each review, quality, abstract-reporting completeness, full-text methodological quality. Results Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Analysis of these data illustrated that high score of missed nursing care was positively associated with the patient adverse outcomes; particularly, it increases the possibilities of infections, medication errors, falls, and inpatient mortality. Simultaneously, the patient dissatisfaction and nurse job dissatisfaction are increased by the high score of missed nursing care. Conclusion Lowering the levels of missed nursing care may be a promising approach for improving the experiences of patients and nurses. Impact Nursing mangers should pay more attention to the nursing routine work, ensuring nursing work completely done.
Changes in Therapeutic Profile Overtime of Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in a Te...
Angela Merchán-Galvis
Karla Salas Gama

Angela Merchán-Galvis

and 6 more

January 30, 2024
Changes in Therapeutic Profile Overtime of Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital
Down-regulation of CD73 on CD4 T Cells from CHIKV Chronic Patients
PEDRO PALMEIRA
Bruna Gois

PEDRO PALMEIRA

and 7 more

January 30, 2024
Chikungunya is an important mosquito-borne disease caused by the arthritogenic Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and is responsible for sporadic outbreaks all around the world. CD4+ T cells seem to have an important role in the pathogenesis of Chikungunya disease. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which this occurs are not yet fully elucidated. CD39 and CD73 are ectoenzymes involved in the hydrolysis of pro inflammatory extracellular ATP and generation of immunosuppressive adenosine. The expression of these ectoenzymes seems to be modulated in some arthritogenic diseases. Thus, we investigated peripheral CD4+ T cells from acute and chronic chikungunya patients concerning ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 expression. Our group also assessed cytokine and cytolytic granules production and coinhibitory receptors expression in both phases of the disease using flow cytometry. In the acute phase, patients with chronic Chikungunya displayed increased levels of PD-1 and CTLA-4 when compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, there was higher production of IL-10 and IFN-γ in acute phase compared to healthy control and chronic groups. Besides, while no changes were observed in granzyme B expression, during chronic phase perforin production was diminished. Finally, no difference in CD39 expression was found in both phases of the disease. However, the ectoenzyme CD73 decreased during the chronic phase, suggesting a possible modulation of extracellular adenosine by CD4 T cells that may be involved in the persistence of arthritogenic symptoms. Thus, our data provide new insights into the characteristics of CD4+T cells highlighting molecules that may be associated with the pro-inflammatory hallmark of this disease.
Fetal heart rate patterns in cerebral palsy associated with umbilical cord troubles:...
Satoru Takeda
JUNICHI HASEGAWA

Satoru Takeda

and 14 more

January 30, 2024
Objective: To clarify the fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern evolution and estimate the timing of brain injury in infants with cerebral palsy (CP) according to each of the umbilical cord (UC) troubles. Design: Longitudinal cohort study using the nationwide registry. Setting: Children with CP who were approved for disability support by the Japan Obstetric Compensation System for CP. Population: 126 infants with severe CP caused by UC troubles with a birth weight of 2000 g and 33 weeks of gestational age. Methods: Observers classified the intrapartum FHR strips into five groups: (1) the persistent bradycardia (P-Brady); (2) the persistently non-reassuring (P-NR); (3) Hon’s pattern; (4) the reassuring-prolonged deceleration (R-PD); and (5) the persistently reassuring (P-R). Main outcome measures: Timing and type of evolution patterns of abnormal FHR stratified by various UC troubles. Results: Of 126 cases, 32 were associated with umbilical cord prolapse, and 94 were with other UC morphological abnormalities. Overall, nearly half of the eligible cases had intrapartum onset with R-PD (43%). Meanwhile, around half of those associated with UC morphological abnormalities had an antenatal onset. In the intrapartum setting, most of the FHR deteriorations occurred during the first stage of labor, and there was a high incidence of Hon’s pattern in the case with velamentous insertion and multiple entanglements. Conclusion: Infants with severe CP associated with the UC troubles were characterized as sudden onset during the first stage of labor. Around half of those due to the UC morphological abnormalities were presumed to have an antenatal onset.
A Compact Wideband Circularly-Polarized Conformal Load-Bearing Microstrip Antenna Arr...
Ming-Tao Tan
Xiang Li

Ming-Tao Tan

and 5 more

January 30, 2024
This paper presents a compact wideband circularly-polarized conformal load-bearing microstrip antenna array. The conformal load-bearing antenna structure is an organic honeycomb sandwich structure. When the antenna is embedded in honeycomb sandwich structure, conformal load-bearing antenna is formed. The conformal load-bearing microstrip antenna array has eight layers. Its dimension is 130mm×90mm×11.8mm. Electromagnetic performance of the antenna array is simulated in CST Microwave Studio.The antenna array has simulated -10dB impedance bandwidth of 2.24GHz(19.25-21.49GHz). The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna array is 2.24GHz(19.06-21.3GHz). The gains and patterns of the antenna array are stable in the operating band. The antenna array also has an excellent mechanical performance.
Huge enhanced activity of the alditol oxidase by a novel method based on the mechanic...
Wencai Zhang
Mianxing Luo

Wencai Zhang

and 4 more

March 12, 2021
Topology engineering is an attractive approach for tailoring protein properties without varying their native sequences. To explore whether concatenation allow, Herein, we report a dramatic improvement of catalytic efficiencies of alditol oxidase by catenanes assisted by synergy between mechanically interlocking p53dim and highly efficient SpyTag/SpyCathcher cyclization. Mechanical interlocking leads to considerable activity enhancement than that achieved by point mutation. Kinetic analysis demonstrates that the substrates affinity and catalytic efficiency of alditol oxdiase catenanes(catAldO) towards glycerol respectively have 6.7-fold and 5.5-fold improvement compared with the wild-type AldO. We envisioned that mechanically interlocked alditol oxidase may shorten the transfer distance of electrons between subdormains and accelerate FAD cofactor redox regeneration, thus improving enzyme catalytic activity. Surprisingly, concatenation of alditol oxidase not only increase the catalytic efficiency towards glycerol, but also exhibit a broad biocatalytic reinforcement. Mechanical interlocking provides a convenient and efficient approach for multi-domains enzyme concatenation, with potential to greatly enhance the catalytic efficiency of biocatalysts. It needs more verification in other enzymes.
THE EFFECTS OF ONLINE EXERCISE PROGRAM ON FATIGUE, BENEFITS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN WO...
Gamze  Senbursa
Busra Canarslan

Gamze Senbursa

and 3 more

January 30, 2024
Abstract Objective: Live-based exercise programs offer great potential for the implementation of evidence-based interventions focused on promoting healthy habits. The outbreak of COVID-19 provided an opportunity to undertake an online survey to study the changes in exercise barriers/benefits, fatigue level, and quality of life after online live exercise program during lockdown, or quarantine. Methods: The sample was composed of a total of 143 women (age Mean = 32.48±6.6yrs) from a convenience sample of participants was recruited through social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp). The questionnaire asked for demographic information, body weight, body height, physical activity, and lifestyle factors before and during the quarantine. One-hundred and forty-three women volunteers were received an online live exercise program including strengthening, HIIT and stretching 6 sessions in a week during COVID19 pandemic and were assessed the measures of recruitment, exercise benefits/barriers, fatigue severity level and general quality of life at baseline, 3rd-wk and 6th-wk of the exercise program. Results: Significant differences were observed in fatigue severity scale and health status between baseline and at 3rd-wk (p < 0.05) in women. No difference in the level of fatigue, barriers, benefits of exercise, quality of life and health status between baseline and at 3rd-wk, and 3rd-wk and 6th-wk or baseline and 6th-wk (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the internet-based exercise program is a viable alternative for the delivery and dissemination of interventions focused on promoting healthy habits, and a totally self-administered intervention can also produce short-term positive results. This program supports during lockdown reduce the risk of developing persistent fatigue related chronic fatigue syndrome.
Tranexamic acid in COVID-19 pneumonia
Hayder Al-kuraishy
Ali Al-Gareeb

Hayder Al-kuraishy

and 3 more

March 30, 2022
Since the beginning of the current coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, an intense number of studies have been done in an attempt to discover effective therapies, not only from the point of view of discovering new drugs, but also from its repurposing. Recent studies have proposed tranexamic acid (TXA), a hemostatic drug widely used in clinical practice, as a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19 as it reduces plasmin levels. Thus, this letter to the editor aims to provide a critical overview on the use of TXA in the treatment of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Strength of clinical evidence leading to approval of novel cancer medicines in Europe...
alberto farina
Federico Moro

alberto farina

and 5 more

January 30, 2024
Aim We aimed to evaluate the quality of clinical evidence that substantiated approval of cancer medicines by European Medicines Agency (EMA) in the last decade. Methods We performed a systematic review and data synthesis of EMA documents in agreement with PRISMA guidelines. We included European Public Assessment Reports, Summaries of Product Characteristics, and published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on anti-cancer drugs approved by EMA from 2010 to 2019, and excluded drugs not indicated for targeting solid or hematological tumors and non-innovative treatments. We synthesized frequencies of approvals differentiating between unblinded and blinded RCTs with and without overall survival (OS) as predefined primary outcome measure. We assessed frequency of post-approval RCTs for indications without at least one RCT at the time of approval. Results Of 199 approvals, 159 (80%) were supported by at least one RCT, 63 (32%) by at least one RCT having OS as the primary or co-primary endpoint, 74 (37%) by at least one blinded RCT, and 30 (15%) by at least one blinded RCT having OS as the primary or co-primary endpoint. Whereas 40 approvals (20%) were not supported by any RCT and, of those, 9 (22%) were followed by a post-approval RCT. Discussion While the majority of approvals of cancer medicines approved by EMA was supported by at least one RCT, we noted substantial methodological heterogeneity of the studies.
A novel approach to Hayman suture technique in the management of severe postpartum he...
Ismail Ozdemir

Ismail Ozdemir

January 30, 2024
To reduce maternal morbidity and mortality due to bleeding caused by uterine atony, a simple and effective procedure that can be easily applied even junior physicians is required. Two vertical sutures are transfixed, one on each side of the lower uterine segment, from anterior to posterior over the bladder reflection avoiding the endometrial cavity, and tied over the fundus. Similarly, a third is placed between the two vertical sutures at the same level and tied in the middle of the fundus. We report a novel approach of using three vertical compression sutures in 25 women without requiring hysterectomy except one.
Dermatologists as frontline physicians against COVID-19
Habibullah Aktaş
Gökşen Ertruğrul

Habibullah Aktaş

and 1 more

January 30, 2024
COVID-19 is a disease that mainly concerns the specialties of infectious and chest diseases. However, there was such a big epidemic all over the world that the experts of these specialties could not bear the patient burden. Many countries ,including Turkey, across the world, physicians of all specialties as well as preclinical doctors (residents) have taken care of patients in the COVID-19 outpatient and inpatient clinics. Dermatologists,too, started working as frontline physicians during the pandemic.
TOXICITY PROFILE OF PARENTERAL ARTESUNATE FOLLOWING SUBACUTE TREATMENT IN RATS AND DO...
Yanjie Xiong
Johanna Lang

Yanjie Xiong

and 3 more

January 30, 2024
OBJECTIVES The objectives of these studies were to investigate the toxicity, safety and toxicokinetics of single and multiple doses of artesunate for injection in rats and dogs. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dogs were treated intravenously or intramuscularly for 28 consecutive days with doses of up to 30 mg/kg artesunate, evaluating toxicity, kinetics, genotoxicity, and cardiovascular and central nervous safety parameters after single and 4-week repeated administrations. Furthermore, respiratory parameters were evaluated after a single intravenous administration in rats. RESULTS Artesunate was well tolerated with no mortality and only minor effects on clinical pathology parameters. Following repeated intramuscular administration, local reactions at the injection site became evident. Signs of regenerative anaemia were evident in both rats and dogs and are attributed to the pharmacological effect of artesunate (effective against blood stages of malaria parasites). No severe toxicity or any effects on safety measures were noticed. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in these studies support the safe use of intravenous and intramuscular artesunate for a period beyond the commonly used three (to maximum seven) days in humans. Cardiovascular, central nervous and respiratory safety measures indicate no risk at clinically used doses.
HEPATOBLASTOMA TREATED SUCCESSFULLY WITH DRUG-ELUTING BEAD TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZ...
begül yağcı-küpeli
Tuğsan Ballı

begül yağcı-küpeli

and 1 more

January 30, 2024
Hepatoblastoma, the most common liver tumor of childhood is generally treated with chemotherapy and surgery. More than half of the patients are unresectable at time of diagnosis. Therefore, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment. However, long-term effects of systemic chemotherapy and inadequate response to conventional chemotherapy have been major issues in management of hepatoblastoma. As a result, attempts towards local treatment options were made such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) which allows tumor necrosis both via vascular occlusion and chemotherapy. Here we present a seven-year follow-up results of an infant treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, drug-eluting bead-TACE and surgery.
Locoregional treatment of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma in a child patient:...
Caner Civan
Duygu Has Simsek

Caner Civan

and 5 more

January 30, 2024
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90- microspheres is a well-tolerated and efficient treatment option in adult patients with unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies. However, the use of TARE has been reported in limited pediatric cases. We present a twelve-year-old male with metastatic unresectable fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma who received multidisciplinary treatments including chemotherapy, TARE, and transarterial chemoembolization with remarkable regression of the hepatic lesions. The patient is alive with the disease and a good quality of life for 33 months since diagnosis.
Insight of polysaccharide from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer on intestinal inflammation:...
Dandan Wang
Shuai Shao

Dandan Wang

and 4 more

January 30, 2024
Background and Purpose: Polysaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (P. ginseng) are the main active component and exhibit significant intestinal anti-inflammatory activity. However, the unclear therapeutic mechanism of ginseng polysaccharide hinders the application for medicine or functional food. Experimental Approach: In this study, a polysaccharide was isolated from P. ginseng (GP). The primary structure and morphology of GP were studied by HPLC, FT-IR spectra, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, its intestinal anti-inflammatory activity and its mechanism of function were evaluated in experimental systems using DSS-induced rats, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and LPS-stimulated HT-29 cells. Key Results: Results showed that GP restored mTOR-dependent autophagic dysfunction via modulating the structure of gut microbiota and blocking the TLR4-MyD88 pathway. Consequently, active autophagy suppressed inflammation through the inhibition of NF-κB, oxidative stress, and the release of cytokines. Conclusion and Implications: Therefore, our research provided a rationale for future investigations into the relationship between microbiota and autophagy via TLR4 and revealed the therapeutic potential of GP for inflammatory bowel disease.
Discovery of a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT multiple kinase inhibitor aminoquinol for the...
Zhongkun Xia
Jian-Ge Qiu

Zhongkun Xia

and 21 more

January 30, 2024
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy lacking effective treatment. The Cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) and PI3K/AKT signal pathways play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis and are promising therapeutic targets for HCC. Here we identified a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT multi-kinase inhibitor for the treatment of HCC. Methods: Using a repurposing and ensemble docking methodology, we screened a library of worldwide approved drugs to identify candidate CDK4/6 inhibitors. By MTT, apoptosis, and flow cytometry analysis, we investigated the effects of candidate drug in reducing cell-viability,inducing apoptosis, and causing cell-cycle arrest. The drug combination and thermal proteomic profiling (TPP) method were used to investigate whether the candidate drug produced antagonistic effect. The in vivo anti-cancer effect was performed in BALB/C nude mice subcutaneously xenografted with Huh7 cells. Results: We demonstrated for the first time that the anti-plasmodium drug aminoquinol is a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT inhibitor. Aminoquinol significantly decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, increased the percentage of cells in G1 phase. Drug combination screening indicated that aminoquinol could produce antagonistic effect with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. TPP analysis confirmed that aminoquinol significantly stabilized CDK4, CDK6, PI3K and AKT proteins. Finally, in vivo study in Huh7 cells xenografted nude mice demonstrated that aminoquinol exhibited strong anti-tumor activity, comparable to that of the leading cancer drug 5-fluorouracil with the combination treatment showed the highest therapeutic effect. Conclusion: The present study indicates for the first time the discovery of a new CDK4/6 and PI3K/AKT multi-kinase inhibitor aminoquinol. It could be used alone or as a combination therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
Impact of educational intervention in the perception of hospitalised patients about t...
Maria Aline Moreira Ximenes
Ingrid Kelly  Morais Oliveira

Maria Aline Moreira Ximenes

and 5 more

January 30, 2024
Background: Falls are responsible for a significant morbimortality related to the assistance in the hospitals and healthcare facilities. Among the prevention strategies, it is the worth emphasizing improvement in the patient’s perception about the risks of falling, since such perception has a direct impact in the adhesion to the preventive guidelines. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the impact of educational intervention in the perception of hospitalised patients about the risk of falling and associated factors. Methods: This study used the quasi‐experimental, pretest‐posttest design and results were presented according to the Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomised Design guidelines. This study was conducted in a Brazilian public hospital with 157 patients admitted to a medical clinic. The data were collected before and after educational intervention mediated by a booklet on fall prevention. It was identified the nursing diagnosis Risk of fall, and applied an adaptation of the Falls Risk Awareness Questionnaire scale. Results: The findings were presented according to the number of risk factors of the participants, and to define the groups, with lower and higher risk, a median of the analyzed risk factors was used, represented by five. Therefore, this value was used to dichotomize the data. The results showed positive effects of the educational intervention mediated by booklet in the perception of fall risks. The questions about advanced age, hearing problems, insecurity and fear of falling presented significant associations with perception improvement in both groups. Conclusions: educational intervention mediated by booklet is effective to promote improvement in the perception of risks of falling patients in hospital admission. Health education about fall preventions is effective for involving patients in the care process. Therefore, this evidence may support the planning of strategies to prevent falls inside hospital environments.
Steady-state bifurcation and Turing instability in diffusion prey-predator models wit...
Wenbin Yang
Yujing Gao

Wenbin Yang

and 1 more

January 30, 2024
In this work, we are concerned with steady-state bifurcation and Turing instability caused by diffusion in two prey-predator models with unbounded exponential or logistic growth in prey population and Allee effect in predator population. We first give stability of the homogeneous steady-state to the model with unbounded exponential growth in prey population, and establish the local structure of the steady states bifurcating from simple and double eigenvalues by the techniques of space decomposition and implicit function theorem. Second, we explore how diffusion destabilizesthe homogeneous steady-state, and explicitly describe the Turing space under certain conditions. Furthermore, some remarks and numerical simulations are illustrated to verify our theoretical findings.
Spatial and Temporal Genetic Variation in Ethiopian Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Landr...
Allo Dido
Ermias Assefa

Allo Dido

and 5 more

January 30, 2024
Ethiopia is a center of diversity for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and it is grown across different agro-ecologies of the country. Unraveling population structure and gene flow status on temporal scales assists an evaluation of the consequences of physical, demographic as well as overall environmental changes on the stability and persistence of populations. Here, we examine spatial and temporal genetic variation within and among barley landrace samples collected over a period of four decades (1976-2017), using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Our objective was to evaluate spatial and temporal changes in barley population connectivity associated with the closure of geographic origin and time periods. Low to strong genetic diversity was observed among the landraces and STRUCTURE, Neighbour joining tree and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Component analysis revealed three clusters. The cluster analysis revealed a close relationship between landraces along geographic proximity with genetic distance increases along with geographic distance. The grouping of landraces based on altitudinal classes was influenced by geographic proximity. From AMOVA year categories, it was observed that within population genetic diversity much higher than between population genetic diversity and that the temporal differentiation is considerably smaller. The low to strong genetic differentiation between landraces from various geographic origins could be attributed to gene flow across the region as a consequence of seed exchange among farmers. Nevertheless, we found some connectivity between changes in population dynamics as well as contemporary gene flow. The results demonstrate that this set of SSRs was highly informative and was useful in generating a meaningful classification of barley germplasms. Furthermore, our data also suggest that landraces are a source of valuable germplasm for sustainable agriculture in the context of future climate change, and that in-situ conservation strategies based on farmers use can conserve the genetic identity of landraces while allowing adaptation to local-environments.
Altered Sphingolipid metabolism in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: Newer Insights
Menta Vignesh
Shweta Agarwal

Menta Vignesh

and 9 more

January 30, 2024
Background: The etiopathogenesis of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), is incompletely understood. Bioactive lipids play a key role in the allergic disorders and there are no studies exploring it in the ocular surface allergic disorder such as VKC. This study focused on the sphingolipid metabolism in VKC and explored the association of ocular surface sphingolipids with the refractory nature of the disease. Methods: Active VKC cases and age-matched healthy controls were recruited as part of a one-year prospective study at our tertiary eye care centre in South India. Imprint cytology was used to assess gene expression of enzymes of sphingolipids metabolism in conjunctival cells. Sphingolipids levels were estimated in the tears by LC-MS/MS analysis. Systemic levels of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and Ceramide-1-Phosphate and IgE were estimated by ELISA. IgE induced regulation of S1P receptor gene expression was assessed by western blot analysis of histone deacetylases in cultured mast cells. Results: Significantly altered gene expression of the sphingolipids enzymes was noted in VKC in conjunctival cells. Pooled tears showed significantly lowered levels of S1P (d17:1), S1P (d17:0) and S1P (d20:1) in VKC. Additionally, Cer (d18:/17:0) was significantly lowered in R-VKC compared to NR-VKC. Lowered C1P and raised IgE were observed at serum level in VKC. Increased S1P receptors and histone deacetylases expression indicate regulation by histone modification as evaluated in IgE induced mast cells. Conclusion: Altered sphingolipid metabolism is associated with VKC pathogenesis and is differential in refractory cases that showed lower ceramide and specific sphingosines compared to non-refractory VKC.
Successful tricuspid annulus ablation for adenosine sensitive atrial tachycardia orig...
Ryosuke Takeuchi
natsuko hosoya

Ryosuke Takeuchi

and 9 more

January 30, 2024
A 57-year-old man with repetitive long R–P supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) was referred for radiofrequency catheter ablation. SVT was sensitive to adenosine triphosphate, was not linked between atrial and ventricular activation, and did not terminate with the ventricular response; thus, we speculated reentrant atrial tachycardia (AT). Although the mitral annulus (MA) was the earliest atrial activation site (EAAS; 5 o’clock), AT was ablated not at the EAAS, but at the tricuspid annulus (TA; 4 o’clock), 24 ms later than the EAAS. We suggest that preferential conduction from the TA to the EAAS of the MA may be involved in AT.
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