Background: Surgeon‘s preference is an important factor in clinical strategy for off pump (OPCAB) or on pump (ONCAB) coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This study analyzed the surgeons’ understanding and the propensity for both techniques. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire survey was performed. Two sections were included :(1) Q1 questionnaire: to investigate the surgeon’s opinion on the indications of OPCAB and ONCAB; (2) Q2 questionnaire: to investigate the surgeons’ choice of OPCAB or ONCAB in different clinical situations. Results: The questionnaires were sent to 169 surgeons. In Q1 questionnaire, 71.2% surgeons surveyed chose the option which represents that the degree of overlap between the indications of OPCAB and ONCAB would be greater than 70%. 55.1% surgeons believed that OPCAB had a wider scope of indications than ONCAB, while 35.3% surgeons believed that ONCAB had more extensive indications than OPCAB. In Q2 questionnaire, more than 70% of surgeons surveyed chose OPCAB for patients at high risk of stroke, with renal dysfunction, pulmonary dysfunction, malignancy, clotting and coagulation disorders or octogenarian patients, while more than 57.5% of surgeons surveyed chose ONCAB with the conditions of poor target vessels, ventricular enlargement and dysfunction. 87.5% surgeons made the choice of ONCAB for novice surgeons. Conclusion: Most surgeons surveyed agreed that OPCAB and ONCAB are suitable for most of the patients. Surgeons are more willing to choose ONCAB when facing complicated heart conditions, while choose OPCAB in the presence of more serious concomitant diseases.

Introduction: Patients with mixed dyslipidemia are presented with high levels of low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and reduced high-density lipid cholesterol (HDL-C). Though useful in lowering LDL-C, therapy with rosuvastatin is insufficient in optimizing the overall lipid profile, thus putting the patient at risk of residual cardiovascular risk. A combination of statin with other lipid-modifying agents has been used with more efficient lipid control and cardiovascular risk prevention. Of these, fenofibric acid is the most frequently used, along with rosuvastatin. Methods: Authors conducted a literature search of published literature to assess the use of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate combination in the management of mixed hyperlipidaemia. Results and discussion: The authors selected a total of 47 articles to be included in the review. Due to the small number of articles and heterogeneity on the combination of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate combination in mixed hyperlipidemia, the findings herein are presented using narrative summaries. Based on the thorough assessment of the selected literature, the essential themes that emerged from the review include safety and efficacy of rosuvastatin and fenofibrate combination, place of therapy of rosuvastatin, and fenofibrate combination, and potential cardiovascular risk reduction with rosuvastatin and fenofibrate combination. Conclusion: Based on the review, the authors suggested that the combination therapy with fenofibric acid was beneficial, well-tolerated with a similar safety profile compared with statin monotherapy. The combination therapy of moderate dose rosuvastatin and fenofibric acid led to a reduction of cardiovascular risk factors via several pathways.

Different types of rivers have their own ecosystems. Based on the laden-starved sediment content in rivers, they can be classified as sediment-laden turbid (SLT) and sediment-starved clear (SSC) river ecosystems. Understanding the evolution process and driving factors of these two river ecosystems is very important for the protection of their ecology. Until now, however, there has been no comprehensive study that integrates biological and nonbiological factors in river ecosystems. Here, the self-organizing feature map (SOFM) model based on the maximum generalized entropy principle can integrate the two and conduct research on the evolution of river ecosystems. First, we can evaluate the stabilities of the SLT river ecosystem (i.e., the Weihe River mainstream) and the SSC river ecosystem (i.e., the Weihe River tributaries at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains). Second, the degree of influence of various factors on stability was assessed. Finally, correlation analysis was added to study the driving relationship between the internal and external aspects of the ecosystem. The results showed that the stability of the SLT river ecosystem (mean value 3.371) was lower than that of the SSC type (mean value 5.343). However, the SSC river ecosystem was more susceptible to being affected because more factors could affect its stability. Further study indicated that although turbidity was the largest connection weight in the two river ecosystems, the reasons for its increase were different. This result was due to the increased sediment content in the SLT river ecosystem and the growth of algae in the SSC ecosystem. The main reason for this difference was that the SLT and SSC river ecosystems had different external driving forces. The SLT river ecosystem was mainly driven by land utilization, and the SSC was mainly driven by hydrological situations and climate factors. Although there are differences between the two ecosystems, they may transform into each other when the external driving force of the river ecosystem changes. This study emphasizes the importance of external background to the evolution trend of river ecosystems and the difference in the influence of internal factors on the stability of river ecosystems.

Background: The ‘old friends’ hypothesis posits that reduced exposure to previously ubiquitous microorganisms is one factor involved in the increased rates of allergic diseases. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may be one of the “old friends” hypothesized to help prevent allergic diseases. We sought to elucidate whether early-life CMV infection is associated with childhood atopy via perturbations of the gut microbiota. Methods: Participants were recruited from a population-based birth cohort (CHILD study) and followed prospectively until age five years in four Canadian cities. A total of 928 participants provided stool microbiome data, urine for CMV testing, skin-prick tests, and questionnaires-based detailed environmental exposures. CMV infection was assessed in the first year of life while the main outcome was defined by persistent sensitization to any allergen at ages 1, 3, and 5 years. Results: Early CMV infection was associated with increased beta and decreased alpha diversity of the gut microbiota. Both changes in diversity measures and early CMV infection were associated with persistent allergic sensitization at age 5 years (aOR= 2.08; 95%CI: 1, 4.33). Mediation analysis demonstrated that perturbation of gut microbial composition explains 30% of the association. Conclusions: Early-life CMV infection is associated with an alteration in the intestinal microbiota, which mediates the effect of the infection on childhood atopy. This work indicates that preventing CMV infection would not put children at increased risk of developing atopy. Rather, a CMV vaccine, in addition to preventing CMV-associated morbidity and mortality, might reduce the risk of childhood allergic diseases.

Objectives: To explore the predictive capacity of the umbilical artery velocities at 37 weeks’ gestation in identifying fetal growth restriction (FGR), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates and adverse perinatal outcome (APO). Methods: We retrospectively recruited FGR and SGA with normal umbilical artery Doppler at 37 weeks, and adequate-for-gestational age (AGA) controls in a tertiary referral center. All the parameters of the umbilical artery velocities were measured at about 37 weeks’ gestation, including the umbilical artery end-diastolic velocity (UA-EDV), umbilical artery peak systolic velocity (UA-PSV), umbilical artery mean diastolic velocity (UA-MDV) and umbilical artery time-averaged maximum velocity (UA-TAMXV). Results: A total of 569 cases were included in the study and divided into three groups: FGR group, SGA group and AGA group. Of these, 39 (6.9%) were identified as FGR, 57 (10.0%) were SGA and 473 (83.1%) were AGA. Among the three groups, the UA-MDV, UA-TAMXV, UA-PSV, and UA-EDV were decreased with the severity of growth restriction. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the UA-TAMXV was independent predicting factor of FGR. It had a moderate predictive value for FGR, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.821 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.785-0.853]. Conclusions: The UA velocities were decreased with the severity of growth restriction and the UA-TAMXV was independently predictive of FGR. The results suggest that UA-TAMXV might be a new parameter to predict FGR.

Background: This study aims to find out whether patients admitted to hospitals for influenza symptoms were potentially infected with novel coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] prior to nucleic acid testing in Wuhan and Taiyuan, China, considering that it broke out during the influenza season and its symptoms mimic influenza. Methods:A total of 685 nucleic acid samples of respiratory pathogenic  microorganisms were obtained from patients with flu-like symptoms  admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, from 1 November 2019 to 20 January 2020. Samples were respectively detected by 13 Respiratory Pathogen Multiplex Detection Kit and Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Kit. Results: In Wuhan, human rhinovirus was the most frequent infectious pathogen in November (31.5%), and human respiratory syncytial virus appeared the most in December and January (37.1%, 8.6%, respectively). Generally, 115 patients of 616 patients (18.7%) from Wuhan were recognized as COVID-19, and only two patients were co-infected with other respiratory pathogens. In Taiyuan, influenza A virus was detected the most frequently in December and January (30.3%, 12%, respectively) without infection of SARS-COV-2 during study period. Conclusions: Some cases confirmed as influenza before routine nucleic acid testing of SARS-CoV-2 were attributed to COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Objectives This study estimated the progress in elimination mother-to-child transmission of syphilis (EMTCT) in Zhejiang province. Design Retrospective study Setting Eastern China Population or Sample Pregnant women with syphilis who gave birth at 28 gestational weeks or more during 2015-2019 were recruited. Methods Data were obtained from the Zhejiang provincial EMTCT network. We calculated the changes in coverage of maternal syphilis screening, treatment, incidence and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Main Outcome Measures The incidences of APOs; Crude odds ratio presented together with 95% confidence intervals (OR and 95% CI) for the risk of APOs. Results During 2015-2019, 11,713 out of 3,184,022 pregnant women were identified with syphilis infection. Generally, the coverage of syphilis screening in pregnant women increased (χ2trend= 1704.663, P<0.001), reaching 99.99% in 2019. The incidence of maternal syphilis was high in all years, with an incidence of 0.37% in 2019 (χ2trend = 0.344, P=0.557). The overall incidence of APOs dropped from 20.17% to 11.76% (χ2trend= 92.528, P<0.001).Based on rough estimation, treatment (OR=0.361, 95% CI 0.306–0.426), particularly full treatment (OR=0.307, 95% CI 0.259–0.363), successfully reduced the risk of APOs compared to those untreated. Conclusions A universal screening and treatment contributed to the decline of overall APOs. Keywords Elimination of mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT); Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs); Screening; Treatment; Pregnant women

We have applied non-negative matrix factorization to a database of leaf hyperspectral reflectance and DMSO chlorophyll extract absorption measurements from grapevine canopies at seven vineyards in Dalmatia, Croatia. Extracted spectral signatures show various monthly changes in grapevine production of chlorophyll. Our signatures represent maximal absorption values within a specific colour spectrum - blue, red, near infrared, green and yellow to orange. Association of signatures and chlorophyll indices vary through time. Signature 4 is the best chlorophyll proxy. Here we show that the same amount of chlorophyll can be produced by plants using multiple internal processes or absorption of different spectrums of light. Changes in these processes can be better understood by studying extracted reflection signatures instead of just chlorophyll concentration or vegetation indices. This study shows that non-negative matrix factorization applied to hyperspectral reflectance measurements can be a powerful tool in monitoring the short-term changes in physiology of plants thus could be applied in precision viticulture. We also tested this model on canopy hyperspectral reflectance measured at 0.5 m distance from the canopy. This study shows that NMF can be a powerful tool in monitoring the seasonal grapevine changes in physiology of plants thus could be applied in precision viticulture.

The esophageal injury after cryoballoon ablation is much rarer than that after radio-frequency ablation.Although it‘s rare, once progressed into atrioesophageal fistula, it could cause a catastrophic iatrogenic tragedy.We report on the occurrence of esophageal injury of A 71-year-old female with symptomatic paroxysmal AF who underwent cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation. The patient complaint about chest pain exacerbated by swallowing on the postoperative day. Endoscopy detected the esophageal thermal lesions. After 7 days of interventions, the symptoms relieved and retest of endoscopy showed normal esophageal mucosa.We suggest that esophageal protection in cryoballoon ablation is just as important as in RF ablation.

Hyperaccumulators store metals in the vacuoles of leaf cells. To investigate the role of vacuolar compartmentalization in Cd accumulation, chelation and induced antioxidation, we quantified the amounts of total cadmium (Cd), Cd2+, glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leaf cells of Solanum nigrum L. The results confirmed that vacuoles were, indeed, the main storage compartments for Cd. We then found that with increased Cd treatment concentration, the Cd proportion in the vacuoles of protoplasts remained at a certain level (82.24%-83.40%), and the protoplast maintained its internal stable concentration (73.81-77.46 mg/L), showing the ultimate capacities for the vacuolar sequestration and cellular storage of Cd. In addition, studies on different forms of Cd showed that the chelation state was dominant in the protoplast. The large level appearance of Cd2+ outside the vacuole revealed the limitations of vacuolar Cd2+ sequestration. The relationships between the combined forms of Cd and GSH outside the vacuole (R2=0.9906) showed GSH was mainly distributed to important compartments for chelation, not to vacuoles. We also demonstrated the presence of ROS-induced oxidative stress and detoxification mediated by the antioxidant GSH in vacuoles, suggesting that sequestration into vacuoles is an active process accompanied by chelation and antioxidant-mediated detoxification.

Objective. Women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for cardiac deterioration. Previous studies focused on women after one or two pregnancies. We investigated the effect of parity on maternal cardiac status by comparing women with CHD and ≥3 live births to women with <3 live births. Design. Matched case-controlled study. Setting. Tertiary medical center, clinic for adults with CHD. Population. Twenty-nine women with ≥3 live births, matched (CHD, age) with women with <3 live births. Methods. Women with CHD were identified from the Adult CHD clinic (2010-2018), and data retrieved from medical records. Outcomes were compared for women with ≥3 live births versus <3 live births using the McNemar test. Main outcome measures. New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, and cardiac impairment score assigned according to echocardiography by a cardiologist blinded to parity. Results. For 29 matched pairs with mean age 42.4 (SD 14.2) and 186 live births, the mean difference in number of live births between matched pairs was 3.8 (SD 2.5). In 17 (58.6%) pairs, women with ≥3 live births and those with <3 live births had concordant NYHA class. Echocardiography score was concordant for 19 (65.5%) pairs. Women with ≥3 live births had lower NYHA class in 8 (27.5%) pairs and lower echocardiography scores in 6 (20.6%) pairs. Differences were not significant (p=0.129, p=0.801). Conclusions. Cardiac status was similar for women with CHD and ≥3 live births compared to women with <3 live births. Keywords. Pregnancy, Birth, Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), NYHA, Parity.

A 12-year-old severe hemophilia boy had developed inhibitor since he was two. At 10 years of age, he received high dose factor VIII after plasma exchange in addition to bypassing agents for treatment of CNS bleeding, causing peak inhibitor titer of 3,360 BU. ITI was initiated when his inhibitor was decreased to 140 BU, and the prophylactic emicizumab had been added since the second year of ITI. After 3.5 years of ITI and emicizumab, his inhibitor titer was down to 0.56 BU (factor VIII recovery was 60% and half-life 5.5 hours). His QoL was remarkedly improved and without bleeding.

No international standards include vitamin D levels at diagnosis or during treatment. It is included in the Children's Oncology Group long term follow-up guidelines. However, bone health complications can occur at diagnosis or during treatment as well. In this brief report, we illustrate the complexity of bone health complications. We recommend, given the potentially negative outcomes, the ease of treatment and its low cost, to identify vitamin D deficiency on diagnosis and check regularly while undergoing oncological treatment.

Shifting agricultural soil ecosystem represents stress of varying degrees depending upon the length of the fallow cycle. In this study, we try to assess the synergistic effect of microbial diversity on different rhizospheric niches (loosely adhered and strongly adhered rhizosphere soil, bulk soil, and the crop root interior) of different fallow cycles (5, 8, and 20 years) using culture-dependent and independent approaches along with their metabolic profiling. Culture dependent study shows higher bacterial diversity in strongly adhered rhizosphere soil followed by loosely adhered rhizosphere soil (F = 156, p < 0.001) irrespective of crop type and fallow cycle length. The high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing shows 5% higher bacterial diversity in 5 years than in 8 and 20 years fallow soil (p < 0.05). The community composition was significantly affected by the length of fallow periods in all rhizosphere niches, driven primarily by an increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in long than short fallow cycles. We have observed a selective promotion of rhizobacterial communities in different niches of low nutrient soil in the short fallow period that complies with the crop field’s bacterial metabolic pathways. Our study answers an inconclusive question on bacterial diversity dynamics in shifting field crop rhizosphere and soil, highlighting the predominant role of the bacterial community in the crop grown in a stressed soil system. This study may provide a scientific roadmap in developing microbial inoculum for better crop performance in nutrient-poor soil.

Pandemic of COVID-19, there was havoc for want of oxygen and ventilator to ARDS victim due to COVID-19. Many patients died in ambulance during waiting or on way to hospital for oxygen and ventilator bed. Is oxygen and ventilator crucial for ARDS survival?

Floods are considered as harmful and the most dangerous natural disaster affecting annually millions of people. This study aimed to present a geospatial information system based on multi-criteria evaluation techniques (MCE) methodology for flood hazard areas mapping. The distance from drainage network, slope, recurrent heavy rainfall, curve number, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the population density are the six factors considered as relevant to the flood hazard areas mapping of the basin. The final flood hazard areas map of the basin shows a satisfactory agreement between the spatial distribution of historical floods that happened in the basin for the past years and the flood hazard zones. The flood hazard map showed that Bilate-Humbo area at the very entry of Bilate River to Lake Abaya, Shashego area at Boyo Lake resulting from Guder River, and Shashego area at Boyo Lake resulting from Metenchiso River are the areas of very high flood hazard. These areas are categorized by low NDVI, gentle slope, high rainfall, high curve number and close to the drainage network. The proposed methodology of assessing flood hazard areas using spatial information system delivers a good basis for developing a system of flood risk management in a river basin

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Antioquia, Colombia, the country’s leading dairy region, currently under brucellosis quarantine declaration, to recover Brucella spp. DNA from bovine whole-blood samples through Probe-based Real-time PCR (Probe-qPCR) detection. The associated factors for the presence of Brucella-DNA at the animal and herd levels were reported and evaluated using logistical regression models. A total of 656 random cows from 40 herds were selected. Template DNA was obtained based on not organic salting-out protocol modified. The Probe- qPCR assay using bcsp31 gene amplification had an efficiency of 92.35%, with a slope of -3.52 reached in the standard curve. The qPCR assay detected 9.5% (n = 62/656; 95% CI: 7.3,12.0) of the animals with Brucella-DNA presence, and 62.5% (n = 25/40; 95% CI: 45.8,77.3) of the herds with Brucella-DNA presence. Using SNP-based assay, all positive samples were identified as field Brucella strains. In the final regression model at the animal-level, five variables were associated with Brucella-DNA presence: the use of bulls for mating recorded history of reproductive problems, pregnant cows, parlor milking, and cows belonging to farms ≤ 200 m from the main road. At the herd-level, two variables were associated with Brucella-DNA presence: recorded history of reproductive problems and bulls’ use for mating. Given the fluctuant brucellosis prevalence in endemic areas, updated local epidemiological studies are necessary to evaluate if established prevention and control measures have been effective or need to be adjusted. The Probe-qPCR assay was able to detect Brucella-DNA from whole blood samples in cows. Once adequately validated, qPCR could be used as an additional tool to verify latent or acute infection states in individual animals when the antibody response is not yet evident. The current research highlights that management practices, mainly associated with reproduction, favors Brucella infection and propagation in livestock in Antioquia, Colombia.

On October 30, 2020, piglets and sows in the farrowing house of a pig farm in Jiangxi showed clinical symptoms such as anorexia, watery diarrhea, and vomiting. Epidemiological test, clinical necropsy, and RT-PCR test were carried out on the pig farm for diagnosis. After comprehensive considerations, the disease was judged as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. Thereafter, a series of comprehensive prevention and control measures such as emergency vaccination with autogenous vaccines were adopted. Half a month after inoculation with autogenous vaccines for the farm, the mortality rate of newborn piglets in the farrowing house began to decline, and production gradually returned to being stable. The second-generation sequencing analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) sequence obtained from the stool and small intestine samples of the diseased pigs on the farm was 97.8% homologous to the vaccine strain. At the same time, antibody testing found that the vaccinated pigs on the pig farm had satisfactory immune response, indicating that the PEDV outbreak on the pig farm might aggravate owing to the strain being mutated and could escape the immune protection of the existing vaccine. This case has accumulated technical data for the clinical prevention and control of porcine epidemic diarrhea.

Catheter ablation(CA) is an increasingly used therapeutic tool for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Atrioesophageal fistula (AEF) is one of the most dreaded complications of CA and its incidence ranges from <0.1% to 0.25% .Despite its rarity, AEF accounts for a high proportion among fatal complications of AF ablation. We present a rare case of AEF after cryo-ablation presenting as infective endocarditis. A 73-year-old male with history of pulmonary vein isolation using radiofrequency ablation 4 weeks prior to admission, presented with fever and abdominal pain.Shortly after admission the patient presented with severely depressed level of consciousness and seizure. Cerebral computer tomography (CT) was normal, whereas abdominal CT showed a small splenic infarction.Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated extensive cortical and subcortical ischemic lesions via diffusion weighed MRI (Panel A). Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) revealed two oscillating masses, compatible with infectious vegetations, at the insertion of the superior pulmonary vein and at the superior left atrial wall (Panel B, arrows, Supplementary Data online, Videos 1-3).Mitral, aortic, tricuspid and pulmonary valves did not present vegetations.The left atrial appendage was free of thrombus. Contrast enhanced chest CT showed free air between the left oesophageal wall and the posterior left atrial wall, as well as inside the left atrium (Panel C, arrow), thus confirming the diagnosis of iotrogenic atrioesophageal fistula. At the time of diagnosis the patient presented clinical signs of decerebration. Given the severe neurological deterioration, surgical intervention was not considered and the patient deceased shortly after extubation.

Objective: To determine the impact of low dose aspirin (81mg) on markers of maternal inflammation and placental function. Setting: Rural Southern India Population: Nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy dated by ultrasound who were enrolled in the ASPIRIN (Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated risk Reduction In Nulliparas) Trial. Methods: We performed a case control study of women who delivered prematurely compared to term controls in women enrolled in the ASPIRIN trial. Women were prospectively enrolled in an ancillary observational trial wherein maternal serum was collected and measured between 10 to 13 weeks and 17 to 21 weeks of gestation after initiation of aspirin or an identical placebo. Our primary outcome was the impact of aspirin on markers of placental function and maternal inflammation. Results: From 2016-18 with a total of 666 n women enrolled in this ancillary trial of whom 269 were selected for analyte analysis. Women who received low dose aspirin (LDA) had lower levels of Alpha Feto-Protein (AFP) at 10 to 13 weeks than women who received placebo (Placebo) (LDA 18.3 ng/mL vs 21.4 ng/mL -P 0.001). AFP was similar between the two groups at 17 to 21 weeks. No other differences were seen in in C-Reactive protein or Anti-Mullerian Hormone. Conclusion: Low dose aspirin administration lowers AFP early in pregnancy and may be a marker of Aspirin efficacy. Keywords: maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP), preterm birth, aspirin Tweetable Abstract: Aspirin decreases AFP in the first trimester; a marker associated with poor birth outcomes.

In this present work, the title compound 1-(4-((6-bromopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy) phenyl)-3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)urea (1) was synthesized and the structure was characterized by spectroscopy (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS). The single crystal of the title compound was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and the optimized molecular crystal structure was determined based on DFT calculations using B3LYP/6-311G (2d, p) basis set, which was compared with the X-ray diffraction. The results of the conformation analysis indicated that the molecular structure optimized by DFT was consistent with the crystal structure determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.

Background:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease that accounts for approximately 25% of childhood leukemia cases. In this study, we purposed to identify survival-associated genes in pediatric AML patients and investigate potential immunotherapy targets. Methods: After retrieving and processing the data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) web resource, we determined hub genes in AML by the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) assessment and the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). The prognostic significance of the hub gene was further evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier survival based on TARGET dataset. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analyses of DEGs were performed. Then, via the CIBERSORT algorithm approach, we investigate the association between the key gene and the infiltration levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Results: High PTPRC expression was linked to a worse overall survival rate (p<0.001) in 287 pediatric AML patients. Risk subgroup analysis showed similar results in low and high risk group, respectively (p=0.007; p=0.013). Meanwhile, multivariate analysis indicated that high PTPRC expression was an independent favorable prognostic factor for overall survival (p=0.04, HR=1.24, 95% CI=1.01-1.5). Moreover, the immune infiltration assessment results demonstrated that the expression of PTPRC level was significantly correlated with invading levels of activated dendritic cells (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overexpression of PTPRC indicates poor prognosis, and its expression level is correlated with invading levels of activated dendritic cells. PTPRC could be a promising immunotherapy target for pediatric AML.

The two-dimensional unsteady nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) describing the flow of a nanofluid with an aligned magnetic field is addressed over a porous stretching/shrinking surface. Moreover, the current study includes the joint effect of suction, velocity slip, heat generation/absorption, thermal radiations, and convective conditions. Initially, using the similarity transformations the governing nonlinear PDEs have been transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which are then solved with the help of bvp4c package in MATLAB. In order to get the graphical results of the heat transfer and friction drag, some appropriate values are assigned to the parameters arising from the above several effects. These results declare that escalating the values of nanoparticles concentration, suction and unsteadiness parameter escalates the friction drag whereas it reduces with the escalation of Hartmann number and the slip parameter. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer escalates with the escalating values of the concentration, suction, aligned magnetic field angle and the radiation parameter, as well as the escalation of Hartmann number, heat source parameter and the slip parameter causes to reduce the rate of heat transfer. Finally, it is found that the rate of heat transfer and the friction drag continuously enhances and declines for the rising values of stretching parameter respectively.

In this paper, we discuss a class of differential variational inequalities systems, which are obtained by semilinear evolution equations and generalized variational inequalities. At first, we consider the properties of solution set for generalized variational inequalities. Secondly, the existence results are shown by fixed point method for semilinear differential variational inequality. Our approaches are based on semigroup theory and fixed point theorem. Moreover, by using the density results, the nonlinear and infinite dimensional versions of the “bang-bang” principle for differential variational inequalities systems is derived. Also, an obstacle parabolic-elliptic system is given to illustrate the application of the obtained theory.