With the continuous development of digital campus construction in colleges and universities, the campus big data environment gradually tends to be complete. The data of students’ behavior characteristics can directly reflect students’ daily behavior habits and is related to students’ performance. Therefore, it is necessary to mine the data of students’ behavior characteristics accurately and systematically to establish a high-precision achievement prediction model and provide reliable decision-making basis for student management. This paper presents a model of optimized extreme learning machine based on particle swarm optimization (PSO-ELM). The data derive from Yi ban platform data and daily statistical data. Firstly, filter the data of students’ behavior and process its vacancy value then analyze the correlation of the factors affecting students’ performance by binary correlation analysis. After that, establishing an optimized extreme learning machine (ELM) model predict students’ performance. To verify the model, data were randomly assigned to the training group and the test group that used for validation according to the ratio of 3:2. The results indicate that the model has good performance and precise prediction accuracy.

The compressible Navier-Stokes system with degenerate viscosities was little known in many physical and mathematical considerations. Such a degeneracy is a highly challenging obstacle for development of well-posedness theory. In this paper, We establish the blow-up criterion of classical solutions to the Cauchy problem for the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, as well as Shallow water equations, with degenerate viscosities. Moreover, we prove that the maximum norm of the gradients of velocity controls the possible breakdown of regular solutions for compressible Navier-Stokes equations with degenerate viscosities.

Abstract: Objective: To explore the new interpretation of quantification of peripheral blood IFN-γ by TB-IGRAS in various cancers and the progression of lung cancer ; Methods: A total of 389 patients and 127 healthy volunteers admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital from June 2018 to April 2021 were recruited, including 259 patients with lung cancer, 27 patients with liver cancer, and 103 patients with hematologic tumors. 10mL heparin sodium was collected for anticoagulation and TB-IGRAS was performed within 24 hours. SPSS version 26.0 software was used to analyze these results . Results: The concentrations of IFN-γ in healthy control group, lung cancer group, liver cancer group and hematological malignancy group were 517.91(352.83-750.75), 1022.61(253.41-2872.23), 2764.87(953.23-7084.61) and 11106.41(259.41-3326.28)pg/mL, respectively. The IFN-γ concentration in lung cancer group was higher than that in healthy control group (P <0.001), liver cancer group (P =0.01) and hematological malignancy group (P < 0.001). The concentrations of IFN-γ in the non-metastatic lung cancer group and the metastatic group were 2893.57(1092.94-7592.89) pg/mL and 1554.63(308.43-4927.04) pg/mL, respectively, the concentrations of IFN-γ in the non-metastatic group were higher than those in the metastatic group (P <0.001). Conclusion: The quantification of IFN-γ produced by peripheral blood T cells after PHA stimulation by TB-IGRAS test might explain, to some extent, the different responsiveness of various cancers to ICI treatment. Monitoring lung cancer patients might help to judge whether they have a tendency to further metastasis.

Abstract In this study,we investigated a the combination of osimertinib/ gefitinib/ erlotinib with cytotoxic chemotherapy for EGFR-mutated positive lung adenocarcinoma patients in long-term survival outcomes. Method We enrolled Ⅲb-IV stage lung adenocarcinoma patients，Patients receiving standard Osimertinib,Gefitinib,Erlotinip alone treatment and Osimertinib,Gefitinib and Erlotinip with cytotoxic chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Result First generation Chemical-TKItherapy PFS vs First generation TKI therapy alone PFS.P<0.05.Mean Survival Time（MST）22.00 month VS 16.00.OS P<0.05. MST 32.00 month VS 28.00.Third generation Chemical-TKItherapy PFS vs Third generation TKI therapy alone PFS.P<0.001.MST 40.00 month VS 26.66. OS P<0.05.MST 48.00 month VS 36.00.First-Third generation Chemical-TKItherapy PFS vs First-Third generation TKI therapy alone PFS.P<0.001.(MST)28.00 monthVS 17.00.OS P<0.001.MST 41,00 month.VS 29.00.Cox regression models showed a significant prognostic factors for OS were old age (55-69 years) (HR 0.49 [0.28–0.89], p < 0.02) and gene mutation (Positive) (HR  0.15 [0.07–0.29], p < 0.05),First add third generationTKI with chemicaltherapy (HR 0.56 [0.35–0.89], p < 0.02). Conclusion The results obtained under real-life conditions add to our understanding of the benefits and risks of First-Third generation EGFR inhibitor combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy in routine clinical practice.

Objective: Many patients being investigated for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) undergo unnecessary neuroimaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of patients with GBS undergoing neuroimaging investigation, and investigate any association with different GBS variants, and the level of certainty using the Brighton Criteria. Methods: A single-center observational study was conducted in Pakistan’s leading tertiary care hospital, that enrolled 148 patients being investigated for, and subsequently diagnosed with GBS between January 2017 and March 2020. Participants were asked if they had undergone neuroimaging of the craniospinal axis before or during hospital admission, and the purpose of any CT scan. We enquired whether fundoscopy had been performed before lumbar puncture and determined the level of certainty based on the Brighton Criteria. Results: The majority of participants were male (n=107; 73%), with a mean± SD age of 42.85±18.4 years. The mean waiting time to their first interaction with a neurologist was 5.2±4.01 days, and the demyelinating variant of GBS was more common than the axonal variant (1.6:1). Most patients were diagnosed with level I certainty using the Brighton criteria (n=113; 76%). MRI brain and spine were performed ahead of admission in 48 (32%) and 59 (39%) patients, respectively. CT scan brain was performed in 121 (82%) patients before lumbar puncture while 27 (18%) only underwent fundoscopic examination before lumbar puncture. Conclusion: Clinical examination is fundamental in the diagnosis of GBS. Neuroimaging may be inappropriate and unnecessary, and detract attention from crucial peripheral neuropathy measures while misusing limited resources. Keywords: Guillian Barre Syndrome; Neuroimaging; Brighton Criteria

Abstract Aim: Both pre-gestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) make pregnancy complicated. Moreover in literature GDM and PGDM have been accused for respiratory morbidity in newborns. Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) is useful and noninvasive method that provides an opportunity to examination of the diaphragmatic morphology and function. This study examined quality of fetal diaphragmatic contractions in pregnant women complicated with GDM and PGDM. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 volunteers separated into 3 groups; (1) GDM group (n=35), (2) PGDM group (n=35), and (3) healthy non-diabetic control group (n=35). Thickness of fetal diaphragm (DT), diaphragmatic excursion (DE), diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) and costodiaphragmatic angle (CDA) was measured on the video frame during inspiration and expiration phases of respiration. Results: Especially PGDM group represented adversely affected diaphragm measurement parameters. DT inspiration, DT expiration, DE, CDA inspiration and DTF values were significantly different between PGDM and control group. Conclusions: Quality of fetal diaphragm movements affected in pregnancies complicated with GDM and PGDM. Prolonged duration of diabetes may have additional adverse effects on diaphragm morphology and its function.

Introduction: The impact of healthcare workplace factors on how they affect the welfare of physicians has been studied and discussed quite extensively, but little exists in the literature on how the welfare of physicians impacts upon different aspects of the healthcare system and healthcare delivery. This protocol maps out a systematic plan of a review of the existing literature, adopting a meta-aggregative approach to find, extract, organize and synthesize what evidence exists in the literature, to inform relevant policy decisions. Methods: The main review question is “What is the impact of physicians’ welfare, from the perspective of physicians, on publicly funded healthcare systems?” The approach has been reflected in the choice of methods for this systematic review. Both qualitative studies and the qualitative elements of mixed methodology studies will be included, and the data extracted will be thematically analysed. Processes to ensure methodological rigour and quality assurance have been incorporated into the protocol, which will be piloted and the review itself will be carried out by at least 2 reviewers. Results The results of this review will be published as soon as the review has been completed. Conclusion It is important to document and share review protocols as good practice for transparency of research and to prevent duplication of research efforts.

A document by Helio Rocha Neto. Click on the document to view its contents.

Solanum lycopersicum L. is affected among other pests and diseases, by the actinomycete Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (Cmm), causing important economic losses worldwide. The antimicrobial activity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN5.4), loaded with the recombinant antimicrobial peptides (AMP) human β-defensin-2 (hβD2) and assayed to inhibit Cmm. Half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.64 μg/mL was quantified, while engineered TRX-hβD2-M and hβD2-M mutants, displayed an improvement inhibitory activity of IC50 of 3.64 and 1.56 μg/mL, respectively. MSNs had average particle sizes of 140 nm (SEM) and a tunable pore diameter of 4.8 up to 5.4 nm (BJH). AMPs were adsorbed more than 99% into MSN and a first release after 24 h was observed. The MSN loaded with the AMPs inhibited the growth of Cmm in solid and liquid media. It was also determined that MSNs protect AMPs from enzymatic degradation when the MSN/AMPs complexes were exposed to a pepsin treatment. An improved AMP performance was registered when it was adsorbed in the mesoporous matrix. The present study could expand the applications of MSNs loaded with AMPs as a biological control and provide new tools for the management of phytopathogenic microorganisms.

Pediatric extreme thrombocytosis (EXT, platelet count > 1000 x 103/µL) is rare. In a single center retrospective analysis of hospitalized children with EXT, infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) were overrepresented. In general pediatric patients, EXT is usually secondary to infection or inflammation, but most of the 14 CDH patients with EXT had no identifiable inciting factor. Instead, there was evidence that splenic dysfunction and bone marrow hyperactivity underlied EXT in CDH patients. None were associated with bleeding or thrombosis. Our findings identify mechanisms underlying EXT, and aid clinical interpretation and management of EXT in the pediatric population.

Drug repositioning studies in recent decades have revealed a growing number of antimicrobials effective at treating infection types tangential to their original antimicrobial classification. Such ‘pan-pathogen antimicrobials’ (or ‘broad-spectrum anti-infectives’) have not yet been formally characterised. This review examines historical limitations of the canonical antimicrobial lexicon in light of the contemporary model for infectious disease and propounds a taxonomy that defines antimicrobials according to the host-pathogen interactome, not the pathogen. By doing so, antimicrobials that are effective at treating multiple infection types are highlighted, namely azithromycin, ivermectin, niclosamide, and nitazoxanide. Recognition of the pan-pathogen nature of these antimicrobials can stimulate a more unified approach to antimicrobial development cognisant of generalised anti-infective mechanisms within the host-pathogen interactome and anticipatory of future pandemics and bioterrorist attacks.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, and therefore become one of the most prominent global public health concerns. Puerarin, an isoflavone glycoside derived from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, has been identified as a pharmacologically active component with diverse benefits. A large number of experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that puerarin is widely used in the treatment of CVDs, diabetes and its complications, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, osteonecrosis, endometriosis and cancer. In this review, we systematically analyze the preclinical investigations of puerarin in CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and hypertension. In addition, the potential molecular targets of puerarin are also discussed. Furthermore,we summarize the clinical trails of puerarin in the treatment of CVDs. Finally, the therapeutic effects of puerarin derivatives and its drug delivery systems are overviewed.

This paper discusses exact and approximate controllability and exact and approx- imate observability of time varying stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations by stochastic GE-evolution operator method in Banach spaces. Firstly, we discuss exis- tence and uniqueness of the mild solution to time varying stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations by stochastic GE-evolution operator in Banach space. Secondly, we discuss conditions for exact and approximate controllability and exact and approximate observability of the stochastic degenerate Sobolev equations consid- ered in terms of stochastic GE-evolution operator and the dual principle. Finally, an illustrative example is given.

The members of the family Circoviridae are considered to be the smallest autonomously replicating viruses, including two genera, Circovirus and Cyclovirus. Circoviruses have been found in a variety of vertebrates, but whether they infect endangered protected animals has not been studied in much detail. Here, viral metagenomics and reserve PCR methods were used to detected and verified viral nucleic acid in the blood samples from giant pandas. According to these methods, the complete genome sequence of a novel circovirus, the Giant panda associated circovirus (GPCV) from the blood sample of three giant panda was identified. The GPCV genome is 2,090 bp in size and reveals two putative ambisense open-reading frames, encoding the major structural capsid protein and the replication associated protein, respectively, the latter having two predicted introns. Pairwise sequence comparison and phylogenetic analyses indicated GPCV was a putative new species within genus Circovirus based on the species demarcation criteria of the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses. It is the first time that circovirus has been identified from blood samples of giant pandas. These efforts will contribute to future analyses to illuminate the evolutionary relationships between classified and newly identified members of the family Circoviridae.

Influenza A virus (IAV) is an important zoonosis for multiple species of birds and mammals, causing mild to severe respiratory disease. Different subtypes of IAVs causing human infection have been reported previously, including H5N1, H7N9, H9N2, H5N6 and H10N8. In pressent study, we reported the genetic and molecular features of an emerging H10N3 IAV (A/Jiangsu/428/2021, JS/428) causing human infection in China. The results showed that JS/428 clustered in Eurasian lineages and closely related to H10N3/H10N8 IAVs isolated from chickens and H7N3 IAVs isolated from ducks for HA and NA gene, respectively. In addition, critical amino acid mutations associated with mammalian adaptation (Ala135Thr and Ser138Ala in HA), receptor-binding preference (Gln222Arg and Gly228Ser in HA), pathogenicity (Ala588Val in PB2, Leu473Val in PB1, Asn30Asp in M1, and Pro42Ser in NS1), and drug resistance (Ser31Asn in M2) have also been identified in JS/428. These molecular features indicate the potential for JX/428 to infect humans, thus, continuous monitoring of birds and mammals for this virus should be conducted in the future.

Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia is an uncommon form of paediatric cancer. Extramedullary leukaemia in acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia is rare, which is reported to be associated with increased risk of induction death. This atypical presentation makes diagnosis difficult. Tissue biopsy from extramedullary site tumour can mimic other small blood cell tumours. This report describes a case of this rare presentation in a very young girl who presented with abdominal distension as if she had metastatic solid tumour.

Open-access publishing involves a business model where authors pay article processing charges, and subsequently, the article is freely available online. For African researchers, the shift to open access publishing flips the business model from a pay-wall model, where accessing literature is difficult, to a pay-to-play one, where it is difficult to publish. We explore costs of publishing in the 40 top ecology journals and the ability of African scholars to pay for open access. Three quarters of journals required payment for open-access publishing and the average cost was $3,150. Paying such fees would be a hardship for African scholars as grant funding is not available. Furthermore, it is not feasible for Africa scholars to pay the fees themselves as salaries are low. We encourage funders and publishers to facilitate a more equitable publishing realm where African scholars can see their research made available through open-access.

Objectives: The current in-vitro study evaluated the push out bond strength of three root canal sealers and the sealer/dentine interface under SEM in teeth subjected to radiation. Methods: Eight mandibular single rooted premolars were selected and divided into irradiated and non-irradiated groups. Three middle third root sections from each tooth were obtained and three canal like holes were drilled followed by immersion in 2.5% NaOCl for 15 minutes and distilled water. Each hole in the sample was filled with a different sealer and incubated at 37°C for 7 days. After setting, push out bond strength test was performed using universal testing machine followed by failure mode analysis under compound microscope and SEM. The results were subjected to the normality tests (Shapiro–Wilk). The bond strength values were evaluated by two way ANOVA with a split-plot design and Post hoc Tukey’s test (a = 0.05) using the SPSS 20 software (SAS, Cary, NC, USA). Results: The bond strength test revealed a higher bond strength value for the non – irradiated group compared to the irradiated group. Among the three sealers tested, BioRoot RCS showed the highest bond strength value followed by AH Plus and least by MTA Fillapex. BioRoot RCS showed least number of failures among the sealers tested. Conclusion: Bio Root RCS showed the maximum bond strength values with least failures irrespective of radiation, thus it can be considered the choice of sealer in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Clinical implications: It was known that therapeutic radiation affected the dentin ultrastructure and the bonding ability of sealer. In this study, BioRoot RCS showed better bond strength than AH Plus and MTA Fillapex which could be due to the type of bonding as well the elimination of EDTA from the irrigation protocol.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on clinical severity scores, need for respiratory support and outcomes for previously healthy children with bronchiolitis. Methods: We retrospectively assessed children with moderate-severe bronchiolitis. Patients who received 40 mg/kg/dose of IV MgSO4 (group 1) or not (group 2) were compared for vital signs, clinical findings and outcomes. Results: There were 74 patients in group 1 and 33 in group 2. The median age, the mean respiratory rates, oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen (S/F) ratios and, The Modified Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (mRDAI) scores at the time of starting MgSO4 treatment were similar for two groups. Respiratory rate and mRDAI score significantly decreased at the 2th hour of MgSO4 treatment and the decrease was observed for 4th, 8th and 12th hours, compared with group 2. Patients in group 1 had a higher S/F ratio at 4th hour compared with group 2 and in group 1, the elevation was observed at the 4th hour. Patients in group 2 had a higher rate of requirement and an earlier start high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy but the total duration time was similar for two groups. Patients in group 2 had a longer hospital stay than group 1. Conclusion: Intravenous MgSO4 provided significant improvement on clinical severity, early phase of oxygenation, need for respiratory support, length of stay in the hospital and outcomes. It seems to be an effective treatment option for management of bronchiolitis.

Background and aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly all over the world and has become a pandemic. Although negative reports have been reported about the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in patients with moderate to severe disease and hospitalized COVID-19 patients, its effect on RT-PCR negativity is unknown, mostly in mild disease and outpatients. In this study, the effects of HCQ and favipiravir on RT-PCR negation were compared. Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study, consecutively presenting COVID-19 patients who were positive for RT-PCR between 13 March 2020 and 15 January 2021 were analyzed. Negative RT-PCR results and times were recorded in the follow-up of the patients. All of the patients included in the study consisted of heathcareworkers and the patients were divided into two groups as HCQ or favipiravir users. Results: The favipiravir and HCQ patient groups were similar in terms of age, gender, comorbidities, and hospitalization rate. The median number of PCR-negative cases on the seventh day of treatment was significantly higher in the HCQ group (p = 0.007). The median RT-PCR negation time was 9 days in the HCQ group versus 10 days in the favipiravir group (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The use of HCQ shortens the RT-PCR negative time compared to favipiravir in patients who are in the relatively young age group and have a definite diagnosis of COVID-19. This result is important in terms of viral spread and contamination. There were no side effects that required a change in treatment in either drug group.

Aims The aim of the present study was (i) to analyze the molecular interactions after mixing ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite solutions using spectroscopic methods, (ii) to analyze the interaction after experimental cold plasma energy transferring mimicking physicochemical activation of solutions. Methods Freshly opened pharmaceutical lavage solutions of 5.25% hypochlorite (pH= 9.35) and 17% EDTA (w/v; pH=7.32) were used in experiments. Mixture of 40 ml was prepared using 5.25% hypochlorite / 17% EDTA at a 1:1 ratio. The experimental cold atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet treatment was performed using a dielectric barrier discharge device for mimicking the activation of lavage solutions. Spectral changes were analyzed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. Results The main findings were that carbon and nitrogen bonds formed on the EDTA molecule at 2356.99 cm-1 and 2309.00 cm-1 after oxidation with hypochlorite. The newly formed peaks corresponding to carbon-nitrogen on the oxidized EDTA molecule were disappeared after the experimental atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet treatment. Due to stimulation at a higher energy level, π-π* electronic transition was towards the bathochromic shift whereas, n-π* electronic transition was towards the hypsochromic shift. Conclusions The molecular structure of EDTA was observed to change after the oxidization by hypochlorite. The subsequent molecule occurred by the oxidization by hypochlorite or activated hypochlorite is different from each other and also is different from the characteristic structure of EDTA. Experimentally activated hypochlorite was observed to cause the molecular electronic transitions of EDTA. Thus, the interaction of EDTA and hypochlorite is more complex than the previously described theory.

Sucrose isomerase (SI), catalysis sucrose to isomaltulose, has been wildly used in industrial production of isomaltulose. Here, rational design of Pantoea dispersa SI for improving its thermostability by predicting and substituting the unstable amino acid residues was studied using the computational-aided predictor FoldX. Through the mutation pool, two mutants of SI (V280L, S499F) displayed favorable characteristics on thermostability. The double mutant V280L/S499F were further constructed and showed prolonged half-life at 45 ℃, about 9-fold compared to the wild-type. Accordingly, the melting temperature of mutant V280L/S499F was improved to 54.2 ℃. To determine the recyclable ability of mutant V280L/S499F to bioconversion of isomaltulose, recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum/pXMJ19/pdsiV280L/S499F was constructed and repeated batch conversion was performed in a 5 L bioreactor. The results shown that the maximum yield of isomaltulose by batch conversion reached to 451 g/L with a productivity of 45.1 g/L/h, and the conversion rate remained 83.2 ± 2.1% even after 15 repeated batches of biocatalysis. Structure-based molecule molding revealed that the interiors of mutant V280L/S499F was more tightly packed in ɑ-9 fold and a new hydrophobic network was formed in ɑ-17, which combined contributed to improving its thermostability. This work provides new reference for the sustainable production of isomaltulose.

The purpose of this research was to develop a new drug for the treatment of Menopausal Syndrome (MPS) caused by ovarian function decline. First, 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoic acid was used as a starting material to synthesize Leonurine hydrochloride (Leo). The structural was confirmed through differential calorimetry scanning (DSC), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR and mass spectrometry (MS). Next, uterotrophic assay in juvenile mice showed that Leo has an estrogen-like effect in vivo, as it can promote the development of the uterus of juvenile mice, increase its uterine coefficient and the size of the uterine cavity, as well as the increased the number of uterine glands and the thickened uterine wall. Then the proliferation and proliferation inhibitory effects of Leo on MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells indicate that Leo exerts estrogen-like effects through estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β((ERβ) in vitro. Cyclophosphamide was used to establish a mouse model of ovarian function decline. Through this model, we found that Leo can restore the estrous cycle of mice, increase the number of primordial and primary follicles in the ovaries of mice, strengthen ovarian function, and regulate the disordered HPOA axis of mice. Finally, the pharmacokinetics of Leo was studied and oral bioavailability of Leo was calculated to be 2.21%. Leo was synthesized and the estrogen-like effect in vitro and in vivo was confirmed as well as its pharmacokinetic.

Germline 3q21 chromosome deletions result in a rare multi-system condition. Of the 14 cases of germline 3q21 deletion syndrome reported, 2 have been reported to develop myelodysplastic syndrome necessitating allogeneic HCT (our patient and one other). Our patient was treated with an allogeneic, matched sibling hematopoietic cell transplantation. Patients with 3q21 deletion have a predilection for myelodysplastic syndrome, likely due to GATA2 deletion. We recommend frequent complete blood count evaluation with annual bone marrow aspiration to monitor for development of MDS in patients with 3q21 deletion.