The purpose of this note is to address the stability and large-time behavior for the 2D Boussinesq system with vertical dissipation on $u_1$ and horizontal dissipation on $u_2$ near a hydrostatic equilibrium. Meanwhile the decay estimates of that system are also presented. Finally, we also obtain the decay rates of the solution to the corresponding linearized equation of the Boussinesq system.

Aim of Study: The goal of this study was to evaluate ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) as a novel marker of oxidative stress in tuberculosis patients and to investigate changes occurring in patients. Methods: Our study included 50 patients with active lung tuberculosis and 48 healthy controls. Serum ischemia-modified albumin was measured with automated spectrometric method and results were compared statistically. Results: We found that IMA levels were significantly higher in pulmonary tuberculosis patients than in the control group. Albumin levels were significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that we can use this parameter as a new oxidative stress marker in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Evaluation of IMA and albumin parameters in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may contribute significantly to the evaluation of these patients.

Mixed vaginitis is caused by the simultaneous presence of at least two vaginal pathogens, contributing to an abnormal vaginal milieu and leading to vaginal symptoms and signs. However, associations between symptoms and microbes have not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, mixed vaginitis is an inflammatory condition that remains underrecognized. Mixed vaginitis generally involves the formation of mixed biofilms. The specific characteristics of mixed biofilms, especially their enhanced drug resistance and their ability to evade components of the host immune response, make them of high clinical importance. This review summarizes the relevant clinical data to improve clinical knowledge about mixed vaginitis.

A biotechnological process for cellulose recovery from cactus waste through depolymerization of lignin by Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, is presented. The delignification is carried out by fermentation in a batch stirred bioreactor, with a culture medium enriched with nutrients and minerals without added carbon sources, during a six-day span under continuous feeding of oxygen. A factorial design of experiments (DOE) for eight sets of factor values was selected for this study. The factors were: particle size, pH level, and process temperature. For each experiment, biomass, total reducing carbohydrates, and dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured every 24 hours. At the end of each experiment, the percentage of delignification, and cellulose recovery was measured by Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Up to 67% of delignification and 22% of cellulose recovery were obtained by the process. These results were analyzed by a factorial DOE in order to maximize each response individually and to optimize both responses together. The delignification of Opuntia ficus indica thorns has not been previously reported to our knowledge.

Background: Tacrolimus (TAC) is the first choice of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) for recipients after pediatric LT. But there are some special pediatric recipients present an unsatisfied prognosis with the therapy of TAC. We aimed to construct a simple clinical model to predict the effectiveness of TAC in recipients after pediatric LT and help clinicians to choose CsA for an alternative quickly. Methods: Patients who received pediatric LT from 2006 to 2019 at RenJi Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were included in this study. Retrospective data, including demographics, comorbidities, pre-operative lab values, outcome based on post-transplantation events were collected. A nomogram estimating the risk of poor curative effects of those recipients who receive an IS protocol based on TAC was constructed using multivariate logist regression analysis. Results: A total of 2032 recipients were included in this study. Seven parameters (recipient CYP type, cholangitis before LT, GRWR, spleen long diameter, serum albumin, graft volume reduction, donor CYP type) were used to construct the nomogram. The nomogram showed good discriminative performance with the area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 74.5%, and good calibration. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model had a high clinical application potential. Conclusions: A simple clinical model with well performance in predicting the risk of poor curative effects of those recipients who receive an IS protocol based on TAC was constructed. The nomogram can help clinicians quickly choose CsA as an alternative if there are high risks.

The hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is abnormal glucose homeostasis due to hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance. Metabolic abnormalities in T2DM lead to cellular dysfunction and the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. New antihyperglycemic agents, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown to attenuate endothelial dysfunction at the cellular level. In addition, they showed cardiovascular safety and cardioprotective effects. How these drugs exert their cardioprotective effects is unknown, although recent studies show that cardiovascular homeostasis occurs through the interplay of the sodium hydrogen exchangers (NHE), specifically NHE1 and NHE3 with SGLT2i. Another theoretical explanation for the SGLT2i cardioprotective effects is through natriuresis by the kidney. This theory highlights the possible involvement of renal NHE transporters in the management of heart failure. This review outlines possible mechanisms predisposing to diabetic cardiomyopathy and discusses the interaction between NHE and SGLT2i in cardiovascular disease.

YouTube is an online video sharing platform attracting billions of users from global audiences. Videos containing wildlife are a popular subject, with such content being a valuable tool for educating on wildlife initiatives and having the potential to make a meaningful impact on future conservation. Here we examine the YouTube channel BraveWilderness. This channel has uploaded 662 videos and recently surpassed 4 billion views for their wildlife-centric and conservation-themed content. BraveWilderness shows diverse biodiversity from a multitude of habitats, and often highlights under-represented taxa. Successful videos, such as those that go viral, can be examined to understand what images and messages resonate with a wide audience, thereby informing conservation practitioners on future outreach efforts. As internet use continues to expand, and the need for content increases, scientists can benefit from participating with and directly contributing to entertaining and educational digital media efforts beyond traditional means of scientific communication.

Bacillus spp. strains that are beneficial to plants are widely used in commercial biofertilizers and biocontrol agents for sustainable agriculture. Generally, functional Bacillus strains are applied as single strain communities since the principles of synthetic microbial consortia constructed with Bacillus strains remain largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the kin discrimination system directly affects the survival and function of two-member consortia composed of B. velezensis SQR9 and FZB42 in the rhizosphere. A mutation in the global regulator Spo0A of SQR9 markedly reduced the boundary phenotype with wild-type FZB42, and the combined use of the spo0A mutant and FZB42 improved biofilm formation, root colonization and the production of secondary metabolites that are beneficial to plants. We further confirmed the correlation between the swarm discrimination phenotype within community members and effects that are beneficial to plants in greenhouse experiments. Our results provide evidence that social interactions among bacteria could be an influencing factor in achieving a desired community-level function.

Most of the well-characterized innate antibodies elicited by exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or a vaccine targets the spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RDB) which doubles as the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2, receptor) binding. RBD mutation is therefore a potential health concern in COVID-19 pandemic. RBD-L452R-SARS-CoV-2 exhibits increased transmissibility and immune evasion with an unknown underlying mechanisms. The immune evasion mechanism was investigated here. in R452, loss of hydrophobic interaction between RBD-L452/HCDR3-I103 disrupts RBD-E484/heavy-chain-R112 salt-bridge, and cation-π interaction between RBD-E484/mAB-Y32(LcCDR1). Unburied RBD flips ~64° from the antibody plane, losing all interaction with the mAB light chain-CDR; thus, making ternary complex thermodynamically unstable.

Purpose: To explore the value of metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) diagnosis Method: The mNGS was used to diagnose the DSWI after cardiac transplantation and guide the antibiotics prescription Results: The co-infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in this patient. The infection was controlled and the wound healed successfully with the specific medicine based on mNGS results for three weeks. Conclusion: The mNGS is effective to achieve precise, individualized, and rapid treatment for wound infection

Background：The clinical trend of EBV infected patients has been always the focus of attention. Case presentation： We report a rare case of chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis progressed to childhood aggressive NK cell leukemia and cured by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusions: The EBV infection of T/NK cells can lead to CAEBV, and if the T/NK cells carry HLH related gene mutation, it is easy to accompany with the hemophagocytic syndrome, and this type of CAEBV may rapidly progress to ANKL or other neoplastic diseases. Therefore, we should reinforce the knowledge on this kind of patients to receive appropriate and timely treatment.

Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic inflammatory conditions and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Design: We hypothesized that, as VEGF expression is increased both in PTC and in lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT), it may stimulate the development of PTC in patients with LT. To evaluate this, we examined both tumor and adjacent non-tumoral tissues of PTC patients with and without LT. Methods: A total of 50 patients with PTC (52.50±7.41 years) and 17 patients with nodular goiter (NG) (50.47±10.38 years) were included in the study. According to the presence of LT, patients with PTC were further divided into two groups. Immunohistochemical analyses of VEGF were conducted in all patients and for PTC patients, both tumor tissue and adjacent non-tumoral tissue were evaluated. Results: The scores for intensity of staining and percentage of labeled thyrocytes for VEGF were found to be significantly higher in the PTC patients than in the NG patients (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). The tumor tissue revealed similar scores for PTC patients with LT and without LT. However, the scores in adjacent non-tumoral tissue were higher in PTC patients with LT than in patients without LT (p=0.004, p=0.01, respectively). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, our results are the first to demonstrate that the expression of VEGF in adjacent non-tumoral tissue were higher in PTC patients with LT than in those without, which shows a possible role of VEGF expression in the progression of PTC in the presence of LT.

Background: Interpretating laboratory analytes is crucial when outcomes in elderly patients with chronic diseases and on medications are being interpreted. Elderly individuals constitute a heterogenous group ranging from individuals managing daily life independently to frail individuals; a term widely used although there is no consensus on the definition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of classifying individuals above 80 years of age into healthy, moderately healthy and frail on the interpretation of the laboratory analytes albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine and gamma glutamyltransferase (-GT). Methods: Individuals >80 years (n=568), were classified by ADL/MMSE, or Frailty index (FI), including comorbidity, cognitive and physical performance. Results: Three hundred and seventy-eight out of 568 (67%) individuals fell under the same classification with both models. No differences were found between the groups healthy or moderately healthy individuals for any of the analytes, but individuals classified as frail based on FI had lower mean levels of ALT, creatinine and -GT, than individuals classified as frail based on ADL/MMSE (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study found that using ADL/MMSE or FI to define health status to some extent affected laboratory analytes levels in ≥80-year-olds. The reference intervals provided by NORIP seem to be suitable for the analytes studied for the individuals classified as healthy or moderately healthy, but not for the individuals classified as frail.

Photothermal-assisted water purification is a promising and sustainable scheme to the global clean water crisis. In this work, we report a custom-tailored bilayer photothermal aerogel to integrate multiple purification mechanisms through a cost-effective route. It is composed of a bottom layer of polyethylenimine-modified chitosan (PEI-CS) and an upper layer of CuS nanoflower/reduced graphene oxide (CuS/rGO) composites. Benefiting from the vertically aligned microchannels, PEI-CS scaffold exhibits rapid capillary pumping characteristics for water transport, and absorbs heavy metal ions by forming chelating bonds with excess hydroxyl and amino groups. With a facile spraying fabrication, the spatial distribution of CuS/rGO is rationally controlled to improve the upper thermal localization. More practically, the harnessed solar energy can be utilized by CuS/rGO nanoheterostructure with pronounced charge separation for photocatalytic degradation in parallel to efficient vapor generation. The low-cost raw materials, scalable fabrication, and multifunctionality make the bilayer aerogel be potentially applied in wastewater remediation.

Background and Purpose Dexmedetomidine has many benefits in perioperative administration. This study aims to describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of intravenous, intranasal and oral administration of dexmedetomidine before anaesthesia induction, and evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the visibility of the surgical field in tympanoplasty. Methods This single-blind, randomised controlled trial in a university-affiliated hospital. Forty-five patients underwent tympanoplasty under general anaesthesia were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated, in blocks of 3, to dexmedetomidine by intravenous infusion at 0.8 μg.kg-1 for 10 min, intranasal instillation at a drop rate of 1 μg.kg-1, and oral intake at 4 μg.kg-1. PK of dexmedetomidine after a single low-dose administration and effect on the surgical field in tympanoplasty were analyzed. Results: A dexmedetomidine concentration of 220 pg/mL was achieved immediately after intravenous. infusion, and at 13.2 and 70.3 min for intranasal and oral administration, respectively. Dexmedetomidine decreased heart rate (HR) and MAP in all three groups, although these values remained higher in the oral dexmedetomidine group at all the eight time points. Intravenous dexmedetomidine provided the best visualisation of the surgical field for opening of the tympanic sinus, 30 min after the start of the infusion (P<0.05). Intranasal dexmedetomidine provided a significantly better visual field than oral dexmedetomidine for repair of a tympanic membrane perforation using the fascia temporal muscle ( P<0.05). Conclusion: A single low-dose of dexmedetomidine administered intravenously or intranasally can decrease HR and MAP and improve surgical field visibility, and appropriate for deliberate hypotension for surgical procedures 1-2 h in length.

Background: The median effective concentration of ropivacaine of ultrasound guided sciatic nerve block required for effective postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has not yet been determined. This study was to explore the median effective analgesic concentration of ropivacaine required to produce a successful sciatic nerve block for postoperative anesthesia. Method: A total of 29 patients underwent elective arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were enrolled in study. A concentration of 20mL ropivacaine administered for the sciatic nerve was determined using the up-and-down sequential. The starting concentration was 0.2% in the first patient, the next patient would receive decremented 0.025% of ropivacaine if the prior patient’s postoperative visual analog pain score was less than 4 in the initial 8h. Otherwise, the following patient would received an incremental of 0.025% of ropivacaine. The analytic techniques of linear, linear-logarithmic, exponential regressions and centered isotonic regression were used to determine the EC50 of ropivacaine. Results: The concentration of ropivacaine administered ranged from 0.1% to 0.2%. The ED50 (95% confidence interval) from 4 different statistical approaches (linear, linear-logarithmic, exponential regressions and centred isotonic regression) were 0.129% (0.103%, 0.359%), 0.142% (0.112%, 0.347%), 0.113% (0.108%, 0.343%), and 0.115%, respectively. Among all of the 4 models, the exponential regression had the least residual standard error (0.2243). Conclusion: The EC50 derived from four statistical models for 20ml ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block for postoperative analgesia was distributed in a narrow range of 0.113%–0.142%, and the exponential regression was the model to best match the study data

Fluidized bed reactor is promising for CO methanation owing to its excellent heat transfer performance. The gas flow distribution between the bubble phase and emulsion phase, and the characteristics of heat removal are important for such a solid-catalyzed exothermal reaction in fluidized bed but these are described simplistically in most conventional models. In this work, a novel model contemplating the gas flow distribution influenced by circulation flow and the effect of particle flow on reaction heat removal is proposed. The simulation results of the proposed model and the classic Kunii--Levenspiel model were compared with experimental data of fluidized bed CO methanation. It was shown that the results of the proposed model have better agreement with experimental data. Finally, the investigation for the effect of particle flow was carried out and the results indicated that the particle flow is important to the reaction heat removal.

Bamboo is a widely used renewable and degradable biomass material; however, its sustainable utilisation is hindered by its susceptibility to mold. The current bamboo anti-mold technology is mainly based on organic chemical agents; these agents can easily induce mold resistance with long-term use, albeit some of these chemical agents have poor environmental performance, which in turn adversely affects human health. In the present study, a strategy of soap-free emulsion polymerisation was adopted to prepare poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm)/Citral nanohydrogel by encapsulating natural antibiotic of Citral in PNIPAm, followed by anti-mold treatment of bamboo. Results revealed that this nanohydrogels exhibit a core–shell system which Citral as the ‘core’ and PNIPAm as the ‘shellʼ. After the high-pressure impregnation of nanohydrogel, the control efficacy of bamboo against common bamboo molds, reached 100%, with the required concentration of PNIPAm/Citral being >6 times lower than that of unencapsulated Citral.

Studies have revealed an association of neural disfigurement with trisomy 18. Hereby, we report a rare coalition of Trisomy 18 and Arnold Chiari malformation along with myelomeningocele in a premature neonate. Despite managing hydrocephalus, the patient' condition deteriorated over time due to underlying cardiothoracic defects.

This study was the first to report the prognostic value of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, IL-2 and IL-6 in peripheral blood on PFS and OS of SCLC.Few studies had reported the correlation between immune-related factors and SCLC survival in SCLC studies, while no studies had reported more than 7 immune-related factors at the same time.We investigated the changes of IL-2, IL-6, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in the course of chemotherapy compared with healthy controls, the relationships between each factor and clinical characteristics, the relationships among the 7 factors, and the relationships between the 7 factors and survival，prognosis.There were statistical differences in 7 cytokines between SCLC patients and healthy controls before and during treatment

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between preoperative cancer antigen(CA) 125 levels and clinicopathologic prognostic factors as well as appropriate cut-off levels for pure uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). Methods: Study data were collected from the documents and electronic medical records of patients who were diagnosed with pure UPSC between 2005 and 2020 in our institution. The association between clinicopathological variables and CA-125 were analyzed. The accuracy of the preoperative serum CA125 value in predicting metastasis sites was evaluated by the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the most appropriate cut-off values available were selected. Results: Seventy-eight patients met the study criteria. Median value of preoperative serum CA-125 level was higher in patients with omental(p <0.001), ovarian(p <0.001), cervical involvement (p = 0.017) and deep myometrial invasion(≥50%) (p = 0.001). According to the ROC curve, the optimal cut-off value of preoperative CA125 level for predicting omental involvement was 35.5 U/mL (sensitivity: 93.8%, specificity: 79.3%), cervical involvement was 15.0 U/mL (sensivity: 86.8%, specificity: 44.7%) and ovarian involvement was 32.5 U/mL (sensivity: 77.3%, specificity: 72.2%). Conclusion: An elevated level of preoperative serum CA-125 is a marker for omental, ovarian, cervical involvement and deep myometrial invasion. There is a need for future studies to evaluate the role of CA-125 in predicting recurrence and survival in UPSC. Key Words: Cervical involvement, Cutoff value, Preoperative CA-125, Uterine papillary serous carcinoma

A combination method (DOPTM-EM) using both DOPTM (double optical pathlength transmission method) and EM (ellipsometry method) is used to acquire the optical constants of protein, lipid and carbohydrate of Haematococcus pluvialis, Nannochloropsis sp. and Spirulina in both solid and solution state within the visible and near-infrared spectral range. For different types of microalgae, the refractive index of protein and carbohydrate in solid state are similar to each other, but show an observed difference from lipid in solid state. The refractive index of protein and carbohydrate in solution state presents a visible distinction in the researched spectral range. The absorption index of protein, lipid and carbohydrate in solid state for these three types of microalgae are close to each other in the spectral range 300-500 nm. However, an observed difference is shown in the spectral range 500-1700 nm. For ease of application, the refractive index of biochemical composition of microalgae was fitted based on the Sellmeier equation.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate impact of pandemic on COVD-19 quality of life and effecting factors among adults wıth long COVID. Methods: The study included 440 individuals applying at family health centers for any reason. Participants were asked to complete a survey after their written consent was received. The survey consisted of two parts: the first related to socio-demographic information; the second including “COVID-19 Quality of Life Scale” and the “Perception Health Scale” . Mean, median, Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests and Sperman Correlation analysis were used in analysis. Results: Of the participants, 40.9% were male, 59.1% were female as well as 33.2% had at least one long COVID symptoms, 44.5% were reported that symptoms continued for 1-3 months. In addition, the median age was 41 years, the body mass index was 24.6 kg/m2. The median time since first infected was 7 month. The median COV19-QoL and Perception of Health Scale scores were 3.0 and 40.0 respectively. Among the prolonged COVID symptoms, fatigue/tiredness was shown with 53.2%. Other common symptoms were muscle pain (27.1%), headache/dizziness (24.1%), difficulty thinking or concentrating (20.9%), difficulty in breathing and heart palpitation (20.0%). The COV19-QoL median score significantly differed by education level, existing chronic conditions, COVID-19 treatment type, number of experienced long COVID symptoms and continuation of the symptoms p<0.05. There was significant correlation between COV19-QoL and age, time since first infected and perceived health score (p<0.05) . Conclusion: Aging, low education, existing chronic conditions, hospitalization, number of long symptoms, continuation of symptoms, and perception of health were risky factors for impact of the pandemic on COVID-19 quality of life. Specific rehabilitation services and programmes seems to be urgent need in overcoming this issue and to improve health. Key words: Long COVID, COVID-19, quality of life, adults, family health

The Senecavirus A (SVA), formerly called Seneca Valley virus (SVV) which was first isolated in the United States (US) in 2002. In this study, a SVA strain was isolated from a pig herd in Shandong Province in China and designated as SVA-CH-SDGT-2017. The full-length genome, excluding the poly (A) tail of the SVA isolates, was 7280 nucleotides long, with the genomic organization resembling and shares high nucleotide identities of 90.7% to 96.9% with other previously reported SVA isolates. To investigate the pathogenicity of the SVA isolate, experimental infections of pigs were performed. The SVA strains successfully infected the pigs, evidenced by presence of virus shedding and robust serum neutralizing antibody responses. Moreover, the contact-exposed pigs showed 100-fold reduction compared to that of inoculated group. Our findings provide useful data for studying the pathogenesis and transmission of SVA in pigs.