Background Air purifiers can enhance indoor air quality and health outcomes, and studies have primarily focused on high-efficiency particulate air filters and particulate matter (PM) in households. Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is a promising technique for eliminating gaseous pollutants and bioaerosols. However, field studies have yet to be conducted on the removal efficiency of PCO in residential settings. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of the PCO and PCO + filters intervention on indoor air pollutants and cardiopulmonary endpoints. Methods A randomized, double-blind crossover clinical trial was conducted among 65 patients with asthma residing in a heavily industrialized urban area. Indoor air pollutants, including PM, bioaerosols, and gaseous pollutants, were measured using real-time monitoring equipment for a 24-h period. Cardiopulmonary endpoints, including lung function parameters, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, respiratory symptoms, and blood pressure were assessed before and after the intervention. Findings This was the first study to evaluate the effects of PCO and PCO + filters interventions on the levels of indoor PM, bioaerosols, and gaseous pollutants and on cardiopulmonary health in adults with asthma living in a heavily industrialized area. The PCO + filters intervention significantly reduced the levels of indoor PM 1, PM 2.5, PM 4, PM 10, total suspended particulate matter, ultrafine particles, airborne bacteria, fungi, endotoxin, mites, total volatile organic compounds, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. As for cardiopulmonary health, forced vital capacity (FVC)%, and FEV1% marginally increased 7 days after the PCO + filters intervention.

Spiders, ubiquitous and abundant predators in terrestrial ecosystems, often bear the weight of an unjust negative perception. However, these remarkable creatures stand as unsung heroes within our ecosystems, wielding significant influence by contributing a multitude of ecosystem services critical to both the planet's future and human well-being. Here, we delve into the diverse spectrum of ecosystem services offered by spiders and their potential to inspire or directly provide nature-based solutions. Provisioning services include the versatile uses of silk-like materials, inspiration for biomimetic technology, medicines derived from venom, bio-insecticides that offer eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals, food sources for various communities worldwide, and even becoming unconventional yet increasingly valued pets. Regulating services provided by spiders extend to vital roles in pest suppression across diverse agricultural settings, mitigating diseases by curbing insectmediated pathogen dispersal, and controlling invasive species. Supporting services offered by spiders are equally extensive, involving nutrient cycling through the breakdown of organic matter, acting as food sources, or creating habitats for other organisms. Beyond their tangible contributions, spiders hold a significant cultural and spiritual heritage globally and are integral to many traditional medicine practices. They inspire contemporary culture, provide educational value, offer models for scientific discovery, contribute to mental health improvement, evoke a sense of place, and are commonly employed for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem health. To pave the way for future research, we present a roadmap for exploring ecosystem services by spiders. While many of these services are wellestablished and studied from various perspectives, others harbour untapped potential. Leveraging what nature inherently provides, these nature-based solutions offer avenues to address challenges such as biodiversity erosion and societal needs. By restoring, preserving, or mimicking natural processes of spiders, we can enhance or provide essential ecosystem services, harnessing the full potential of spiders and the intricate web of benefits they bring to our world.

Key clinical Message :With the increasing number of patients requiring a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED), physicians will encounter patients with both cardiac and breast implants. Our case indicates the importance of appropriate planning and multidisciplinary input for device procedures in patients with breast implants or vice versa. When planning the procedure, the aesthetic outcome needs to be considered.

Current methods for olfactory assessment are often time-consuming and necessitate the involvement of an examiner for both administration and documentation of responses. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of a novel digital olfactory device, the MultiScent-20 universal odor identification test (Multiscent-IT), in distinguishing individuals with olfactory dysfunction from those with normal olfactory function. It was conducted and reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement for case-control studies. The test was administered to patients with hyposmia (cases) and normosmic volunteers (controls). A statistically significant difference was observed in the total test scores between cases (9.6 ± 4.5) and controls (13.2 ± 1.9), p = 0.01. The test performance, defined as (total score/total time) x 100, was significantly lower in cases (1.9 ± 1.4) compared to controls (3.2 ± 1), p = 0.016. Significant correlations were identified between the Multiscent-IT score and the Sniffin’ Sticks threshold score (p = 0.009, r = 0.524), as well as the Portuguese version of the Olfactory Disorders Questionnaire (PT-ODQ) score (p = 0.013, r = -0.423). These findings indicate that the Multiscent-IT is an effective tool for differentiating between individuals with and without olfactory dysfunction in clinical settings.

Background: Aetiopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis is poorly understood. Recent researches emphasize culture independent molecular sequencing to identify clusters of flora which may function as drivers of inflammation. Studies also indicate that macrolides are as effective as corticosteroids in controlling chronic rhinosinusitis. In this study, we aimed to isolate microbial cultures from the middle meatii of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis and observe the isolates for similarities and antibiotic sensitivity. Disease progression and response to treatment was also observed by objective evaluation using sino-nasal outcomes test-22 (SNOT-22) and Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scoring system. Methods: The patients underwent regular evaluation and diagnostic nasal endoscopy with cultures taken from middle meatus. The patients were treated with antibiotics as per cultured isolates. Results: The mean average Lund-Kennedy score and SNOT 22 scores dropped following a course of antibiotics. The patients also experienced symptomatic relief. The most commonly isolated organism among the samples evaluated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The best response to antibiotics was noted with Aminoglycosides. Total resistance (100%) to macrolides and amoxicillin was also noted which is contradictory to published literature. Conclusion: Understanding patients’ local microbiome may enable tailoring antibiotic regimens suited to patients . The present study also suggests revision of guidelines for antibiotic use and to develop personalised antibiogram for treating chronic rhinosinusitis.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Objective: Investigate the impact of high glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) on Bell’s palsy(BP) prognosis, adjusting for confounders like age and Body Mass Index(BMI). Design: A retrospective propensity score-matched study. Setting: University-affiliated teaching hospital. Participants: 3251 patients diagnosed with BP and admitted to Hospital of from May 4, 2018, to May 9, 2023, were included. After propensity score matching (PSM),patients were categorized into 103 individuals with HbA1c≥6.5% and 103 individuals with HbA1c<6.5%. Outcomes: Evaluated demographical, clinical characteristics and facial dysfunction severity before and after PSM. Results: High HbA1c patients were older (P<0.001), had higher BMI (P<0.001), and less frequently suffered dysgeusia (P<0.001) and more often had hypertension (P<0.001). Age had the greatest influence on HbA1c levels (95% CI=0.748-0.803, P<0.001). Post-matching, no significant differences in age or other factors (P>0.05). Initial House-Brackmann grade (H-B grade) showed no statistical difference (P=0.06), but final H-B grade did (P=0.002), indicating worse prognosis for high HbA1c patients. Conclusions: After controlling for age, BMI, dysgeusia, and hypertension, high HbA1c levels were associated with an unfavorable outcome for Bell’s palsy patients.

s: As the number one pest responsible for the loss of important crop corn, control of Ostrinia furnacalis is critical. The chitinase OfChi-h, isolated from the agricultural pest Ostrinia furnacalis, has been recognized as a potential insecticide target due to its species-specificity only in lepidoptera pests and not found in mammals and plants. In this study, a series of azo-aminopyrimidine analogues were synthesized as OfChi-h inhibitors by rational molecular optimization. Among them, compounds 9b, 10a, and 10g showed K i values of 23.2, 19.4 and 43.2 nM against OfChi-h, respectively. Molecular docking studies were carried out to explore the molecular basis for the high potency of these compounds against OfChi-h. In addition, the morphological changes of the inhibitor-treated Ostrinia furnacalis larvae cuticle using scanning electron microscopy were conduct. Furthermore, leaf dipping and pot experiments of target compounds were assayed, compounds 10a showed better insecticidal activity against the Plutella xylostella and Ostrinia furnacalis than diflubenzuron and chlorbenzuron. At the same time, the toxicity of these compounds to natural enemies Trichogramma ostriniae and rats was negligible. The present study demonstrates that the azo-aminopyrimidine skeleton can be used as a novel, low-cost scaffold for insect chitinolytic enzyme inhibitors, with the potential to become a new green insecticide.

We consider a class of p-Laplacian quasilinear Schrödinger equations { − ∆ p u − p 2 p − 1 u ∆ p ( u 2 )= λ u − γ + u q in Ω , u > 0 in Ω , u = 0 on ∂ Ω , where Ω ⊂ R N is a bounded domain with regular boundary, 1 ∞, 0 1, 2 p − 1 < q ≤ 2 · p ∗ − 1 for p≤ N, 2 p−1 ∞ for p>N, where p ∗ = Np N − p if 1 , p ∗ ∈ ( p , ∞ ) is arbitrarily large if p= N, p ∗ = ∞ if p>N. We establish global existence and multiplicity results of positive solutions via a new strong comparison principle and a regularity result for weak solutions.

A document by Brittany A. Larsen. Click on the document to view its contents.

Previous studies have indicated that people tend to believe that a name belongs to a person if that person's face shape matches the lip shape formed while pronouncing their name. However, the mechanism underlying this mapping effect remains unclear. In this study, participants were asked to wear different lip models and judge whether the name belonged to the corresponding face shape. The results showed that participants tended to associate ambiguous names with round faces in the round-lip-experience condition and with pointed faces in the flat-lip-experience condition. The event-related potentials showed that a more negative N400 component was induced under incongruent conditions than under congruent conditions, in which the experienced lip shape was consistent with the face shape. This suggests that the lip-shape experience enabled the participants to abstract shape concepts, thereby modulating the matching of names and faces. This not only supports the viewpoint of shared conceptual properties, but also posits embodied cognition as a potential mechanism underlying name--face mapping.

The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease among younger populations in China has highlighted the need for effective treatments. Peony seed oil, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid, shows significant hypoglycemic effects. When combined with soybean and rapeseed oils, these effects are enhanced [1]. This study evaluated the hypoglycemic properties of peony seed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and their blends through in vitro and in vivo experiments, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. GC-MS analysis identified nine major components, including γ-sitosterol, alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid [2]. The optimal ratio for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition was determined as 60:27:11 (peony seed oil: soybean oil: rapeseed oil). Network pharmacology and molecular docking revealed linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid as key active compounds, with PPARG and MAPK3 as critical targets. The PPAR and IL17 signaling pathways play significant roles in the hypoglycemic action of the peony seed oil blend. In conclusion, the new peony seed blended oil offers a multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway, and synergistic approach to diabetes treatment, providing valuable insights for the development of next-generation hypoglycemic drugs with practical applications [3][4].

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown A new species of Gesneriaceae, Lysionotus calcicolus Phonep., Soulad. & Souvann., is described and illustrated based on morphological and molecular evidence. This species is distributed in limestone karsts in Luangprabang, Vientiane, and Khammouane provinces, from northern to central Laos. The new species can be distinguished from the hitherto known species in the genus by its deciduous shrubby habit, up to 2 m tall, and 4-angled stems which are considered to be an adaptation to the severe environment in limestone karst and cliffs. The information on its distribution, ecology, phenology, vernacular name, and provision of conservation status are provided.

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects more than 300 million people worldwide. Macrophages play a significant role in asthma pathogenesis. This study explored the current status of macrophage research in asthma using bibliometric analysis. The Web of Science core collection database was searched for original articles on related research, published from database inception until December 31, 2023. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to create visual network diagrams of keywords, countries, and institutional et al. co-occurrences. 587 articles met the screening criteria from 42 countries, 741 institutions, and 3382 authors. The number of articles grew slowly from 1981 to 2019 and then increased significantly. The top three countries in terms of number of publications were the USA, China, and the UK. The USA has the highest citation frequency, and China has the latest average publication time. The three institutions with the most publications were Newcastle University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Fudan University. Barnes, P.J. is one of the most influential scholars in the field. The journals with the most relevant publications and co-citation frequency both were the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. The article with the highest number of citations was published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology by Brian L. et al. The keywords were divided into three clusters: cluster 1 focused on chemokine and signal pathways; cluster 2 focused on immune cells interaction; and cluster 3 focused on inflammation in the airway. The most frequently used keywords in recent studies are polarization, innate lymphoid cells, and phagocytosis. This study is the first bibliometric analysis of macrophage research in asthma, revealing the development trend and current research hotspots in the field. This can provide valuable and effective information about the current status of the field for related scholars, thus promoting the development of the field.

Despite mounting evidence of avoidable medication errors in paediatric units, effective solutions are still lacking, leading to acute and even long-term detrimental and life-threatening impacts. Aim: To develop a protocol for a proactive clinical decision support system customised to a Malaysian local paediatric population for healthcare professionals. Methods: The local drug dosing regimen based on Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) paediatric drug consumption will be searched using a literature review from Asian studies and Malaysia Clinical Practice Guidelines. The identified drug dosing regimen and its monitoring will then be reviewed by paediatricians and pharmacists for feedback. The corroborated information will then be migrated and integrated into the online platform for incorporation into UMMC electronic medical records. The previously developed and validated medication adverse event safety signals will be incorporated into the decision support system. Results and Conclusion: The outcome of this project should proactively support clinicians working in paediatric settings and help to reduce medication errors and medication adverse event incidences in Malaysia.

Climate change is because of increase in global temperatures, known as global warming, which is largely attributed to the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, with carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel power plants being the major culprit. To effectively mitigate climate change, it is essential to implement carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) strategies. However, the complexity and diverse range of emission sources, which vary in terms of volume, composition, location, type, and industry, demands a multifaceted strategy that involves the development of a broad spectrum of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, materials, and processes. This review article provides an in-depth review of the three dominant material types utilized globally for CO2 capture from flue gases: Absorbents, Membranes, and Adsorbents (AMA). The author examines the benefits and drawbacks of employing different forms of AMA in post-combustion capture, highlighting recent breakthroughs in experimental and theoretical modeling, simulation, and optimization studies. The review also explores the strengths and limitations of various AMA configurations, including single-stage, multi-stage, and hybrid systems, identifying knowledge gaps and opportunities for advancement in this field. While two-stage hybrid configurations have emerged as the most promising approach to maximizing CO2 recovery, energy efficiency, and cost savings; however, further in-depth techno-economic evaluations are required to determine the most effective and viable configuration within this hybrid category, to pinpoint the optimal solution for real-world applications.

Myocarditis and Central Retinal Vein Occlusion as Initial Presenting Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, A Case ReportAuthorsMehrdad Jafari Fesharakia, MD aNegar Raissi Dehkordi, MD b, Zahra Zakeri, MDc, Emadoddin Hosseinjani, MDd,, Nastaran Raissi Dehkordi, MD eaAssistant Professor of CardiologyDepartment of Cardiology, School of MedicineCardiovascular Research CenterShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalEmail: mehrjfmd@yahoo.combCardiovascular Research CenterShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesEmail: n.raissi@sbmu.ac.irc Professor of RheumatologyDepartment of Adult Rheumatology, School of MedicineShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesEmail: zah_zakeri@yahoo.comdAssistant Professor of CardiologyDepartment of Cardiology, School of MedicineCardiovascular Research CenterShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalEmail: HosseinjaniH@mums.ac.ire bCardiovascular Research CenterShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesEmail: raissi@sbmu.ac.irAddress for correspondenceNastaran Raissi Dehkordi, MDDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research CenterShahid Labbafinezhad HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciencesraissi@sbmu.ac.irphone number: +989128077485Key Clinical MessageSystemic lupus erythematosus may present with atypical symptoms, including central retinal vein occlusion, myocarditis, and deep vein thrombosis, highlighting the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment help mitigate disease morbidity and mortality, and emphasize the importance of heightened clinical suspicion in complex presentations.AbstractBackground: This article presents the case of a patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who exhibited a rare and atypical combination of initial symptoms, including acute visual loss, myocarditis, and deep vein thrombosis. This case underscores the significance of reporting such manifestations, contributing to a deeper understanding of the diverse clinical presentations of SLE.Case Presentation: A 35-year-old patient with a history of pulmonary embolism (PTE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) presented with acute visual loss, myocarditis, and DVT as the initial symptoms of SLE. The patient’s medical history also included epilepsy treated with Sodium Valproate. Physical examination revealed a malar rash, unilateral lower extremity edema, and complete vision loss in the right eye. Laboratory investigations showed elevated cardiac troponin levels and markedly increased D-dimer levels. Doppler sonography confirmed the diagnosis of DVT, revealing echogenic non-compressible popliteal veins and altered femoral vein diameters. Echocardiography demonstrated mild to moderate systolic dysfunction and severe hypokinesia in specific cardiac walls.Conclusions: This case highlights the rare and unusual nature of the patient’s presentation, combining central retinal vein occlusion, myocarditis, and DVT as initial symptoms of SLE. It emphasizes the importance of considering SLE in patients with seemingly unrelated symptoms and the need for prompt recognition and management. Early intervention in multi-organ system involvement of SLE can significantly enhance patient outcomes.KeywordsSystemic lupus erythematosus; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Lupus Myocarditis; Central Retinal Vein OcclusionIntroductionSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune complex deposition and autoantibody production, occurring predominantly in reproductive-age female patients (1). Multiple organ systems may be involved in patients with SLE, including skin, musculoskeletal system, kidneys, heart, and lungs (2). While ocular involvement may be a common manifestation of SLE, retinal vein occlusion is an uncommon occurrence in severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy related to SLE. This condition can appear as occlusion in major vessels, such as the central retinal vessels and the cilioretinal artery, or as extensive microembolization in small vessels. The most severe form of retinopathy in SLE can result in extensive damage to the retina and significant visual impairment (3) SLE can also lead to myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle caused by immune complex deposition. Myocarditis in SLE can range from asymptomatic to severe heart failure, depending on the extent of inflammation and damage to the heart muscle (4). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is another known complication of SLE, caused by an increased risk of blood clots associated with the disease (5).This case report highlights the unique presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a patient who presented with central retinal vein occlusion, deep vein thrombosis, and myocarditis as the initial symptoms. While each of these manifestations has been previously reported in SLE patients, the occurrence of all three simultaneously is extremely rare. This case highlights the importance of considering the possibility of SLE in patients presenting with seemingly unrelated symptoms, as prompt recognition and treatment can prevent further complications and improve outcomes. It also underscores the need for clinicians to be aware of the wide spectrum of multi-organ system involvement in SLE and to consider the possibility of the disease in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with unusual symptoms.Case History/ExaminationA 35-year-old patient presented to the emergency department complaining of blurred vision starting two days ago, which had turned into complete visual loss in the right eye the next morning, in addition to swelling in the right leg, and a history of flu-like symptoms last week. The patient had a history of PTE and DVT following leg trauma two years ago and a history of epilepsy with unknown etiology which was under treatment with Sodium Valproate. According to the family history, the patient’s sister had passed away at the age of 20 due to SLE-related complications. However, it is unclear whether her morbidity was caused by antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), lupus nephritis, or other factors.Physical exam findings included a malar rash across the nose and cheeks, and unilateral edema of the right lower extremity. Ophthalmologic examination of visual acuity showed no light perception in the right eye, suggestive of occlusion in the central retinal vein. Additional physical exam findings were negative for oral or nasal ulcers, joint pain and swelling, pleural or pericardial rub, and lymphadenopathy.MethodsInitial blood investigations showed a white blood cell count of 7.8 × 10^3/μl with 59% neutrophil predominance and 38% lymphocytes, hemoglobin of 6.6 g/dl, and platelet count of 110 × 10^3/μl. The patient’s creatinine levels were within normal range (1.1 mg/dL) and his urine analysis did not show proteinuria. Cardiac troponin level was 8.1 ng/ml and D-dimer level was significantly increased (8000), while ECG showed normal sinus rate and rhythm with no ST or T changes (Figure 1). Doppler sonography of the right lower extremity showed echogenic non-compressible popliteal vein with increased diameter, suggestive of DVT. Follow-up venous Doppler sonography confirmed the initial diagnosis, and showed decreased diameter in common femoral vein (CFV) and distal part of superficial femoral vein (SFV), suggestive of acute DVT in distal SFV and popliteal vein, and chronic DVT in CFV and proximal SFV. Echocardiography revealed mild to moderate systolic dysfunction, (EF:40-45%), severe hypokinesia in the base mid-inferior wall, posterior wall, and inferoseptal wall, in addition to mild diastolic dysfunction, and moderate mitral regurgitation.Considering the patient’s family history of SLE (in the patient’s sister), and DVT in the lower limb, comprehensive rheumatologic lab exams were requested for the patient. Complement levels including C3, C4, and complement CH50 were within normal range. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was positive in two separate tests, in addition to two positive (>1/160) titers of anti-double-strand DNA (anti-dsDNA). Anti-Cardiolipin Ab (IgG) (ELISA), Anti Cardiolipin Ab (IgM) (ELISA), B2 Glycoprotein Ab (lgG) were negative, while Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I Ab (IgM and IgG) levels were increased. P.ANCA (Anti-MPO), C.ANCA (Anti-PR3) were negative. A summary of the patient’s rheumatologic lab results is shown in Table 1. Coagulation tests for Protein C, S, Antithrombin III, and Factor V Leiden were within normal limits.Due to elevated Troponin levels, the patient was admitted to the cardiac care unit with a possible diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and DVT. A coronary angiogram was obtained, which showed normal coronary arteries. Based on the patient’s family history of SLE, presenting symptoms, and three positive laboratory findings (ANA, anti-dsDNA, Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I Ab), a diagnosis of SLE was reached. Additionally, the diagnosis of APS was suspected due to an episode of thrombosis and positive Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I Abs. After ruling out coronary artery disease, a diagnosis of lupus myocarditis was reached, on the basis of clinical findings, laboratory tests (elevated levels of cardiac troponin and anti-dsDNA) and imaging tests (echocardiogram).Treatment was initiated with high-dose corticosteroids, anticoagulant agents, and hydroxychloroquine. Workup for ACS and DVT was initiated, including Warfarin 5 mg once daily for anticoagulation, and the patient’s INR level was controlled in a range of 3.0-4.0 due to recurring episodes of DVT. An MRI was requested, which did not show any signs of vasculitis and ruled out the need to administer cytotoxic therapies. Regular consultations with cardiology, rheumatology, ophthalmology, and nephrology specialists were conducted to follow the patient’s condition.Conclusion and ResultsThe patient’s visual acuity remained unchanged, and he was discharged with instructions for continued medical treatment and weekly follow-up visits with instructions to report any vision deterioration.DiscussionMultiple organ systems may be involved in SLE, including cutaneous, musculoskeletal, renal, cardiac, hematopoietic, and ocular (6). Affecting up to one third of the patients, ocular manifestations are a common finding in SLE patients. Although the most common ocular finding is keratoconjunctivitis sicca, more serious complications such as optic neuritis and occlusive vasculitis may occur, leading to potential visual loss (3,7). Cardiac manifestations may include pericarditis, myocarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis, and coronary artery disease (8). Although lupus myocarditis remains a rare manifestation of SLE and occurs in 5-10% of patients (8,9), the potentially life-threatening complications of lupus myocarditis, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death (10) underscore the need for prompt diagnosis and management. Although ocular and cardiac manifestation may be prevalent in SLE patients, a combination of central retinal vein occlusion, myocarditis, and DVT manifesting as the initial symptoms in the same patient is an extremely rare finding, and to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. Although this case report presents a rare and unusual presentation of SLE, there are several limitations that need to be acknowledged. Firstly, this is a single case report an d may not be representative of the general patient population. Secondly, a diagnosis of APS requires positive laboratory criteria on two occasions taken at least 12 weeks apart, and thus long-term follow-up is required, in which the patient is asked to stop taking anticoagulation medication for a week, and is tested for APS laboratory criteria in order for us to reach a definite diagnosis of APS. Thirdly, the patient’s incomplete family history might include confounding information, which is unfortunately not available.In conclusion, the primary take-away lessons from this case report are the need for thorough and comprehensive evaluation of patients presenting with atypical symptoms, and the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in diagnosing and managing complex medical cases.Consent for publicationSigned informed consent was obtained from the patient regarding the use of patient information for the purposes of writing a case report publication.Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.FundingThis work did not receive any funding from private or public sources.AcknowledgementsNot applicable.FundingThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.DisclosureThe authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.Author ContributionsM.J.F: Conceptualized the study with N.R.D., wrote the manuscript and provided final approval.Ne.R.D: Participated in drafting and writing the manuscript and collected patient data.Z.Z: Critically revised the manuscript.E.H.: Critically revised the manuscript.Na.R.D: Co-conceived the study, participated in drafting and writing the manuscript and critically revised the content.All authors provided final approval of the study.Figure LegendFigure 1. ECG obtained upon admission showed normal sinus rate and rhythm.References1. Moulton VR, Suarez-Fueyo A, Meidan E, Li H, Mizui M, Tsokos GC. Pathogenesis of Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cellular Perspective. Trends Mol Med. 2017 Jul;23(7):615–35.2. Fanouriakis A, Tziolos N, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT. Update οn the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):14–25.3. Silpa-archa S, Lee JJ, Foster CS. Ocular manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus. Br J Ophthalmol. 2016 Jan;100(1):135–41.4. Raval JJ, Ruiz CR, Heywood J, Weiner JJ. SLE strikes the heart! A rare presentation of SLE myocarditis presenting as cardiogenic shock. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021 Jun 13;21(1):294.5. Al-Homood IA. Thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a review article. ISRN Rheumatol. 2012 Jul 30;2012:428269.6. García-Carrasco M, Pinto CM, Poblano JCS, Morales IE, Cervera R, Anaya JM. Systemic lupus erythematosus. El Rosario University Press; 2013.7. Palejwala NV, Walia HS, Yeh S. Ocular manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: a review of the literature. Autoimmune Dis. 2012 Jul 2;2012:290898.8. Wang TKM, Chan N, Khayata M, Flanagan P, Grimm RA, Griffin BP, et al. Abstract 13131: Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Cleveland Clinic Contemporary Experience. Circulation. 2020 Nov 17;142(Suppl_3):A13131–A13131.9. Al-Nokhatha SA, Khogali HI, Al Shehhi MA, Jassim IT. Myocarditis as a lupus challenge: two case reports. J Med Case Rep. 2019 Nov 20;13(1):343.10. Al-Akchar M, Shams P, Kiel J. Acute Myocarditis. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.

Gastrophysa atrocyanea, it has good control over common Polygonaceae weeds in farmland, such as Rumex dentatus. With the advancement of sequencing technology, mitochondrial genome sequence analysis has become an essential tool in phylogenetic research. This study aimed to determine the mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea and compare the characteristics of mitochondrial genomes among 25 insects within the Chrysomelidae family to explore its phylogenetic status and evolutionary relationships within the family. The mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea is 17,150bp in length, comprising 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and a typical A+T-rich region found in other Coleoptera mitochondrial genomes. Among these, 4 of the 13 PCGs are encoded on the N strand, while the remaining 9 genes are encoded on the J strand. The start codon for ND1 is TTG, for ND2, COII, ATP8, ND3, ND5, and ND6 it is ATT. The start codons for ATP6, COIII, ND4, ND4L, and CYTB are ATT. Among these 13 PCGs, the termination codons for ND2, ND4L, ND6, COIII, ATP6, and ATP8 are TAA, the termination codons for ND3, CYTB, and ND1 are TAG, while the remaining four PCGs use a single T residue as the termination codon. All tRNAs exhibit typical cloverleaf structures except for tRNASer1. The complete mitochondrial genome of G. atrocyanea was first obtained successfully, which is 17,150 bp in length. It comprises 37 genes and an A+T-rich region, following the ancestral gene arrangement of all arthropods. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Gastrophysa polygoni and G. atrocyanea clustered together with high node support. Additionally, G. atrocyanea clustered with Altica, Chaetocnema, Argopistes, Galerucella, Diabrotica, Gastrolina, and Monolepta, forming a highly supported clade. In the ML analysis, the node support for clusters such as Chaetocnema with Argopistes, Diabrotica with (Gastrolina+Monolepta), and Gastrolina with Monolepta was not high.

Although cryptocurrencies have developed since 2008, research related to cryptocurrencies and financial management has only been emerging since ten years ago. This paper analyzed the existing literature on cryptocurrencies using bibliometric analysis methods. From 34,712 articles published since 2007, we found 797 articles about cryptocurrency which relevant with finance were collected from the ”Scopus database” from 2014 to 2022. We explored hot research topics and development trends through descriptive statistical analysis, keyword co-occurrence, and literature analysis. We found that the keyword-driven research literature about blockchain and cryptocurrencies as investment tools is still the focus of many studies. Emerging research about cryptocurrency valuation and their changes and investor behavior about cryptocurrency likely will trend toward future research attention.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Selective oxidation of long-chain fatty alcohols into acids is an important value-added reaction. However, exploring the basic catalytic steps over Pt-based catalysts throughout the entire oxidation process is still ambiguous. In this work, we systematically investigated the synergistic mechanisms of adsorption, reaction, and diffusion over Pt/MCM-41 for normal/isomeric alcohols oxidation into acids via molecular dynamics, in-situ characterization, and experiments. Specifically, diffusion coefficients decrease with the increase of the molecular weight of normal molecules due to the increased van der Waals forces, while isomeric alcohols exhibit more complex patterns originated from the steric hindrance between Pt particles and mesopores. To quantitatively describe this pattern, a cluster size descriptor of d Pt 0 . 75 × d Pore 0 . 25 was defined. Notably, 2-ethylhexanol exhibits the best self-diffusion coefficients at the descriptor value of 3.14. Correspondingly, the oxidation of 2-ethylhexanol to 2-ethylhexanoic acid displays highest reaction conversion (68.67%) and selectivity (65.59%).

Mymensingh City is the second-most densely populated and rapidly growing modern cities of Bangladesh that depends on groundwater (>90%). Due to explosive population growth, rapid urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activities in last few years, there is a progressive increase in groundwater extraction in the study area. However, to assess the groundwater level fluctuations and depletions rates with seasonal variations through time in the groundwater aquifers, long term groundwater level monitoring data over the past 20 years were taken from the Bangladesh Water Development Board designated three monitoring wells i.e., GT6152017, GT6152020, GT6152021 and interpreted with ArcGIS 10.8 and other relevant software. A purposive survey for public opinion was also operated where 194 respondents from 34 wards were asked about their inconveniences faced during dry months. Results show that at the three monitoring wells, the water level depletion was found to be 0.24 m/y, 0.196 m/y and 0.139 m/y and groundwater level had dropped to 14.32 m, 9.76 m and 11.22 m, respectively. The average depth to water level during dry season ranged from 7 to 16 m, according to the results and during the wet season, that was between 5 and 12 m. Wet seasons median groundwater level degradation was 3.23 m, while dry season mean was 3.33 m. The results of the analysis primarily revealed declining tendencies in the studied area’s time series. The present study indicates that the long-term descending pattern will maintain the existing trend patterns in the future, and the government should update the groundwater management plan to ensure the sustainable water resources in the area are managed.

In this paper, we proposed a fully discrete projection method with modular grad-div stabilization for solving the time-dependent inductionless magnetohydrodynamic equations. The method incorporates a minimally intrusive module into the classical projection method, serving as a post-processing step, thereby enhancing solution accuracy and improving mass conservation. Concurrently, a decoupled strategy is employed to separate the magnetic and fluid field functions from the original system. Therefore, at each time step, we only need to solve several linear sub-systems for which the numerical solutions can be obtained efficiently. For spatial discretization, the current density and electric potential are discretized by H ( div , Ω ) × L 2 ( Ω ) -conforming finite element pair, which ensures that the discrete current density is exactly divergence-free. Therefore, the designed numerical scheme maintains the features of linearization, decoupling, unconditional energy stability, charge conservation, and improved mass conservation. The unconditional energy stability and convergence of the algorithm are analyzed and derived. Numerical results are presented to verify that the algorithm exhibit robustness with respect to the stabilization parameters and demonstrate the performance of the scheme, particularly with respect to its stability and accuracy.

As one of the famous traditional Chinese herbal medicines, Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB) is widely used in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases and has best curative effect among the known fritillarias medicinal. Due to the variety, complex sources, similar appearance and shape, it is difficult to distinguish FCB with high curative effect (h-FCB) from other common fritillarias (c-FCB) in the market. In this paper, a very simple chemiresistor is used to identify FCB from three commonly used fritillarias drugs. The sensors are fabricated by anisotropic electrically conductive Metal-organic framework (cMOF) thin film Cu3(HHTP)2 (Cu-HHTP[001] and Cu-HHTP[100]) as active materials owing to their ability to detect specific groups of volatile organic compounds (volatolomics) as the functional motifs of chemiresistor. As a result, the sensors show orientation-dependence identification ability to FCB. Cu-HHTP[001]-based sensor shows the highest response (344.17%) to 0.5 g h-FCB powder volatiles among its three other c-FCB which is much higher than Cu-HHTP[100] (135.50%). Ultimately, Cu-HHTP[001] can realize the identification of FCB with an accuracy of 97.2% in a simple and real-time manner.

The role of CD8+ T cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. Similarly, the posttranscriptional regulation of the highly heterogenic CD8+ T cell populations and their effector function in IBD also remains poorly understood. Here, we find that miR-29a and -29b (miR-29a/b) regulate T cell fate, and their expression is higher near damaged colon tissue in patients with IBD compared to controls. In mice, we find that miR-29a/b suppresses the differentiation of CD8+ T cells and the secretion of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic factors during severe colitis by inhibiting transcriptional pathways, including those involving the T cell receptor and JAK-STAT signaling. Furthermore, we identify Ifng, an inflammatory factor that drives immune response and the reshaping of CD8+ T cell fate, as a potential target of the miRNAs. Finally, we show that delivery of miR-29 mimics to the colon of mice is sufficient to alleviate DSS-induced inflammation. Together, these data show that miR-29 plays an important role in suppressing T cell overactivation during inflammatory diseases.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is commonly seen in adult patients but makes up less than 1% of cancers in pediatric patients, with the largest known pediatric study having a sample size of 81 patients taken over a span of roughly 40 years. Patients typically present with nonspecific symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which can result in the diagnosis being missed. Histopathology is typically unfavorable with signet ring colon cancer and mucinous adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell features being common. Treatment guidelines are based largely on adult protocols and include surgical resection followed by chemotherapy, with the addition of bevacizumab or cetuximab in higher-risk populations. In our case, we present a 17-year-old male with abdominal pain and weight loss who was found to have metastatic sporadic mucinous adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell features. Oncotype next generation sequencing was found to be microsatellite stable, human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 negative, Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog/v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1/neuroblastoma reticular activating system wild type, and low tumor mutation burden with 3.7 mutations per megabase. He was treated with FOLFIRINOX at 70% dosing without bevacizumab due to recurrent admissions for small bowel obstructions and surgeries. Unfortunately, his cancer did not respond, so he proceeded with palliative chemotherapy. He expired 12 months later. This case raises the need for research on the biology of CRC in pediatric patients as it is different from adults. It also underlines the necessity of the development of guidelines on CRC treatment in pediatric patients by initiating pediatric clinical trials or lowering the age of adult trials to less than 18 years of age.