Objective: To investigate the prevalence of clinical manifestations of post COVID-19 condition, also known as long COVID, in children hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: This is a systematic review of observational studies. We conducted the search on the databases of PUBMED and EMBASE (up to March 15, 2023). We used the following search strategy: ”long COVID” OR ”post COVID-19” OR ”post-acute COVID-19” OR ”long-term COVID” OR ”COVID-19 sequelae” OR ”persistent COVID-19” OR ”chronic COVID-19”. We included observational studies (case-control, cross-sectional, cohort, or case series) that investigated the clinical manifestations of post COVID-19 condition in children (<18 years) admitted with COVID-19. We used the WHO case definition of post COVID-19 condition (ICD-10 U09). Four authors independently assessed the studies. We performed the meta-analysis of prevalence using a random-effects model. Results: Eleven studies involving 2279 patients were included. In the period between ≥3 months and <12 months after acute COVID-19, the most frequent symptom was exercise intolerance with a pooled prevalence of 29% (95% CI: 7-57%), followed by nonspecific respiratory symptoms (12%, 95% CI: 0-48%) and nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms (10%, 95% CI: 0-37%). In the period ≥12 months after the initial infection, the pooled prevalence of post COVID symptoms was lower, with 6% (95% CI: 2-10%) for exercise intolerance and 3% (95% CI: 0-8%) for fatigue. Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of post COVID condition in hospitalized children include symptoms across multiple organ systems, with higher prevalence in the period up to 12 months after the acute phase of COVID-19.

Grade III of blunt thoracic aortic injury and duodenal perforation due to multiple trauma; which is priority\RL? A case reportKey clinical message: Perforation of the duodenum after trauma has a low incidence and its coincidence with BTAI is very rare. The clinical condition of the patient is very important for deciding the treatment priority. In this patient, considering the stable condition and degree of aorta injury, we chose TEVAR before laparotomy.

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Intra-Operative Lidocaine Management in the Setting of Ventricular Tachycardia Storm: A Case Report

Background: Tick-borne viruses (TBVs) are a growing global health concern due to their severe impact on human and animal health and their expanding geographic distribution. Notable TBVs include Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV), Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV), Heartland Virus (HRTV), and Powassan Virus (POWV). Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the geographic distribution of TBVs, analyze their clinical impact, identify diagnostic challenges, review treatment options, and highlight research gaps. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using keywords related to TBVs. Studies from 2000 to 2023 were selected based on criteria including peer-reviewed status and relevance to clinical, epidemiological, and treatment aspects of TBVs. Data were extracted on virus distribution, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options, and synthesized qualitatively. Results: TBVs exhibit diverse geographic distributions, with notable expansions due to climate change and shifting tick populations. TBEV is expanding into new regions in Europe and Asia, CCHFV is spreading into the Balkans and Caucasus, HRTV is increasing in the U.S., and POWV is emerging in new areas of North America. Clinically, TBVs cause a range of symptoms from mild fever to severe neurological and haemorrhagic conditions. Diagnostic challenges include variability in test accuracy and availability, while treatment options remain limited, with few effective vaccines. Key research gaps include the need for improved diagnostic tools and vaccine development. Conclusions: TBVs present significant health risks with varying clinical outcomes and diagnostic difficulties. Enhanced surveillance, research, and public health interventions are critical to address the expanding geographic range and impact of these viruses.

The relationship between Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and oral risk habits is still uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the connection between oral risk habits and HSV status in a group of male patients from Sri Lanka who have oral fibroepithelial polyps. We collected 25 fibroepithelial polyps from nine oro-maxillofacial units in six provinces of Sri Lanka. Tissue samples were taken from frozen excisional biopsies to avoid contamination and tested for HSV- DNA using a real-time PCR assay. The results showed that HSV-DNA was present in 44% of the samples, with 66.67% being HSV-1 and 33.33% being HSV-2. However, there was no significant correlation between HSV status and oral risk habits such as betel quid chewing, smoking, and alcohol abuse. The study suggests the need for larger case-control studies to determine any significant associations between different types of Herpes Simplex Virus and oral risk habits.

We describe two siblings with Chudley-McCullough Syndrome born to healthy consanguineous parents of Libyan descent. They presented with hydrocephalus identified during the neonatal period and bilateral profound hearing loss by one year of age. Genetic testing identified a homozygous , novel GPSM2 gene nonsense variant, c.1420C>T ( p.474Arg*). We review findings

Two step robotic bariatric surgery without neuromuscular blockade (NMB) after anaphylactic shock, a case reportT. Schick1, B. Pascotto1, P. Robert2, J.S. Azagra1.1Department of general & minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy & robotics), Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg2Department of anesthesiology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, LuxembourgCorresponding author:Tobias Schick, Department of general & minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy & robotics), Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg4, rue Nicolas Ernest Barblé, 1210 Luxembourg.E-mail : tobias.schick1991@gmail.com

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Dermatomyositis associated with anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1 therapy Jing Xue1, Ze-Qin Zhu2, Yuan-Yuan Jia1,

Shortened title: High-Voltage Low-Frequency Electrotherapy on Type 2 Diabetes

Plant-microbe interactions have been studied extensively in legumes, but the influence of host developmental stages on its microbiome remains poorly understood. The rhizospheric region enriched with microbial diversity presents an optimal environment to investigate this relationship. We employed a multi-omics meta-analysis approach to identify the rhizospheric bacteria co-existing with legumes at different developmental stages. The data from eight different legume species across various geographical locations, soil conditions and developmental stages (vegetative, reproductive and maturation) were included in the study. A total of 10 marker bacteria were identified across vegetative, reproductive and maturation stages, with most of them known for their role in plant growth promotion. The functional profiling further elucidated the expression of these marker bacteria genes, indicating the active presence of marker bacteria. Co-expression network analysis revealed the involvement of gene clusters in biological processes such as cobalt and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, pathway enrichment analysis illustrated the role of these bacteria in plant metabolic pathways such as biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites, biotin metabolism and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Our study identified a positive relationship between the marker bacteria and the host plant, suggesting their crucial role in legume growth and development that could further aid in the advancement of strategies to improve crop yield.

Maintaining task-relevant information in working memory (WM) while preventing distraction from task-irrelevant information is essential for adaptive behavior. However, whether the task-irrelevant information is removed or retained in WM remains debated. This study addressed this controversy across two experiments employing a retrospectively cueing (retro-cue) paradigm that examined simultaneous influence from endogenous and exogenous factors on internal representations. Behavioral results showed that retro-cues aligning endogenous and exogenous factors enhanced the retention for task-relevant information but negatively impacted memory for task-irrelevant information. Conversely, retro-cues that created conflicts between the two factors improved memory performance for task-irrelevant information whereas sacrificed memory for task-relevant information, in a way similar with retro-cues that merely involved exogenous factors. Results of event-related potentials (ERPs) provided direct evidence for the fate of task-irrelevant WM information via the component of contralateral delayed activity (CDA). ERP results of CDA suggested that task-irrelevant information was dropped out of WM when endogenous and exogenous factors were aligned, but was maintained in WM either when the two factors were in conflicts, or when there was only the exogenous influence. To conclude, this study suggested that task-irrelevant information was saved from being removed out of WM when there were conflicts between endogenous and exogenous factors, in a way similar with that when there was only exogenous influence.

The South China Sea is a crucial habitat and potential nursery for cetaceans. This study involved five ship-based visual surveys in three summers and two springs from 2020 to 2023, combined with environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, an emerging tool, to understand the relative abundance and spatial and temporal distribution of cetaceans in offshore and abyssal areas of the South China Sea. The combination of visual observations and eDNA metabarcoding enabled the detection of a total of 18 cetacean species, and 12 species were identified by both methods. Cetaceans showed temporal variation; 7 species in the springs, and 17 species in the summers. Expedition route design, meteorological conditions, and sea conditions between the two seasons can partly explain the seasonal differences. The Hyperoodontidae and Physeteridae species tend to occupy regions with high bathymetric drop gradients, particularly those situated on continental slopes and seamounts. The Delphinidae species are more widely distributed and relatively abundant. Of the cetaceans successfully amplified by eDNA metabarcoding, species with larger group sizes and closer distances tend to be more easily detected. Although the complex and turbulent hydrographic environment of the oceans reduces the duration of eDNA and increases the uncertainty in capturing eDNA signals, our findings indicate that eDNA techniques can provide additional information and hold promise as a potential complementary tool for cetacean monitoring.

Renal transplant recipients are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection due to chronic comorbidities and immunocompromised state. Limited information is available on the course and outcome of this infection in organ transplantation patients, especially in Nepal. This study aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 on renal transplant recipients. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using census sampling technique on 601 patients who underwent renal transplant surgery at Shahid Dharmabhakta National Transplant Center (SDNTC), Bhaktapur. Both living as well as deceased donor renal transplant patients, who were COVID-19 confirmed through PCR test were included in the study. A self-developed, semi-structured telephone interview schedule was utilized for data collection. Results: Among the 601 patients that responded to our telephone calls, 37.9% were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive. The overall mortality among total respondent patient was nominal (5.7%) and 14.9% among COVID-19 positive patients. Most of the COVID-19 positive patients (79.8%) were male and residing in province 3 (Bagmati province). Among the expired patients, most of them (41.17%) were more than 45 years of age and employed (64.7%). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the top two comorbid condition. While, the most common presenting feature was fever followed by cough. Interestingly, 23.7 % of COVID-19 positive patient were hospitalized and among them 72.2% were admitted for more than 2 days. Notably, 65.8% of the COVID-19 patients were not vaccinated and among the vaccinated ones 73.1% had only single dose. The most common vaccine among patient was Vero Cell. Conclusion: This study highlights the heightened vulnerability of renal transplant recipients to COVID-19 as significant portion of the studied patients tested positive for COVID-19, with a notable mortality rate among these patients. The findings underscore the critical role of vaccination, as a considerable number of the COVID-19 positive patients were unvaccinated or partially vaccinated.

Challenges don’t last; embracing them is crucial to growth and success. Knowing and absorbing this, is very important for students in any program and at any level in the academic world. This article discussed my adaptation to a new environment, overcoming challenges, and the importance of support systems.

A document by Rajalakshmi G. Click on the document to view its contents.

Upfront immunotherapy for synchronous high-grade glioma and B-lymphoma in a pediatric patient with CMMRD syndrome.De Vanssay T1, El Riachy N2, Donze C1,3, Appay R2,4, Scavarda D5,6, Testud B7, Andre N1,3, Revon-Rivière G1,3Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Oncology, APHM, La Timone Children’s Hospital, Marseille, France.Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, GlioME Team, Marseille, FranceREMAP4KIDS, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.APHM, CHU Timone, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, FranceDepartment of Pediatric Neurosurgery. APHM Timone Children’s hospital. Marseille FranceAix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, FranceDepartment of Neuroradiology, APHM, La Timone, Marseille

A new thermodynamic limit for the open circuit voltage of solar cells that includes thermalization is obtained in terms of photon entropy. A simple graphical construction makes it possible to link this limit to the existing limits for single junction cells due to Trivich and Flinn, Shockley and Queisser and Würfel, and the thermodynamic Carnot-type limit for hot-carrier solar cell. At the fundamental level, this limit points to similarity between photovoltaic and thermoelectric energy conversion.

Ten years after the six International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Baseline Standards for Nursing Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) were published (2014), multiple LMIC nurses have used the standards for practice assessment and change. The WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer has galvanized LMIC member states to prioritize childhood cancer and save one million lives by 2030. The CureALL framework highlights critical nursing practice actions aligned with the nursing standards to meet this goal. SIOP Nursing Network’s Baseline Standards special interest group has a 5-year strategic plan for advocacy, research, and standards implementation through global multidisciplinary collaboration.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a treatment for severe aortic stenosis in high-risk and intermediate-risk patients unsuitable for surgery. Despite its minimally invasive nature, TAVI often leads to complications, including de novo left bundle branch block (LBBB), which increases the risk of complete atrioventricular (AV) block, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Current guidelines provide ambiguous recommendations for permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation for patients with LBBB post-TAVI. This report aims to reevaluate the HV interval cutoff and explore alternative predictors for PPM decisions in patients with LBBB after TAVI. Case Description: A 79-year-old female with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and severe symptomatic aortic stenosis underwent TAVI with a 26 mm Edwards Resilia balloon-expandable valve. Pre-TAVI electrocardiography (ECG) showed sinus rhythm with a QRS duration of 98 ms. Post-TAVI, the patient developed a first-degree AV delay and new-onset LBBB. An electrophysiological study (EPS) performed 48 hours post-TAVI showed an HV interval of 61 ms. Despite this, the patient developed symptomatic complete heart block hours later, necessitating urgent PPM implantation. Discussion: This case questions the reliability of the HV interval as a standalone marker for pacemaker decisions in LBBB post-TAVI patients. The occurrence of complete heart block despite an HV interval below predictive values raises concerns about this parameter’s accuracy. Alternative predictors such as the delta HV interval and AH interval may provide better insights. Delayed EPS assessment might be more appropriate. Conclusion: Managing LBBB after TAVI is complex. Reevaluation of HV interval reliability and larger trials to establish accurate predictors and refine PPM implantation criteria post-TAVI are needed to improve patient outcomes.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown 2.1 Background The impact of leadless pacemaker (LP) implantation on valvular and cardiac function remains controversial. This study aims to examine the cardiac and valvular functions before and after the implantation of the LP at our centre and to identify possible influencing factors. 2.2 Methods and results We included patients who underwent their first Micra LP implantation at our center from March 2019 to September 2023. These patients received transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) on average 361 days post-operation. We included 56 patients who underwent LP implantation, of which 15 (26.8%) LPs were placed in the low septum, 37 (66.1%) in the mid septum, and 4 (7.1%) in the high septum of the RV. Approximately one year after implantation, 10 patients (17.9%) experienced more severe of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). However, no significant differences were observed in tricuspid, mitral, or aortic valve regurgitation before and after the procedure. There was a slight improvement in LVEF [59.0 (IQR: 56.9-60.4) vs. 60.0 (IQR: 57.9-62.4) %, p=0.035] and a reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [5.1 (IQR: 4.7-5.3) vs. 4.80 (IQR: 4.6-5.2) cm, p=0.014] after procedure. Compared to the unchanged TR group, the TR progression group had a higher age [67.0 (IQR: 55.0-76.0) vs. 84.5 (IQR: 74.5-90.5) years, p=0.001] and longer procedure times [50.0 (IQR: 40.0-62.5) vs. 62.5 (IQR: 58.8-76.3) minutes, p=0.044]. Additionally, advanced age [OR: 1.2 (1.1-1.3), p=0.005] and longer procedural time [OR: 1.1 (1.0-1.1), p=0.030] were identified as independent predictors of TR. 2.3 Conclusions Placing the Micra LP in the septum of the RV can potentially improve left heart function and structure. Mid or lower septal implantation might be a preventive measure against TR worsening post-procedure. The primary causes of TR deterioration are advanced age and extended procedural duration.

Remdesivir (RDV), an inhibitor of coronavirus replication including SARS-CoV-2, has gained approval as a therapy for COVID-19. Nevertheless, its utilization during pregnancy lacks specific efficacy and safety data due to the exclusion of pregnant patients from clinical trials. Authorization for compassionate use in pregnant women was granted during the conduct of the phase 3 clinical trials in hospitalized adult patients with severe or moderate COVID manifestations. Overall, RDV seems to be well-tolerated in pregnant patients, with rare occurrences of severe adverse events. The most commonly reported adverse event is transaminitis, which rarely necessitates treatment discontinuation. In this study, we present safety data for RDV treatment collected by the COVID-19 International Drug Pregnancy Registry (COVID-PR) between December 2021 and November 2023. Of 23 participants receiving RDV treatment during pregnancy, eight were followed-up until the end of pregnancy (7 livebirths and one spontaneous abortion). Nine women reported a total of 15 adverse events (AEs), with an additional seven AEs reported in three infants. Ten of these AEs were considered serious and included a life-threatening hypersensitivity episode. No specific patterns of AEs prohibiting the use of RDV during pregnancy were identified.

The fundamental characteristics of conformable integrals and derivatives have garnered significant attention in recent research [1, 3, 4, 5]. In this work, we delve into the advanced field of fractional calculus, focusing on the development and application of a novel framework. We introduce and elaborate on various definitions and types of fractional derivatives, with a special emphasis on the ”new conformable derivative,” a concept introduced in [4]. This derivative is defined as: ( D α G ) ( z ) = lim x −→ 0 G ( z + x e ( α − 1 ) z ) − G ( z ) x , where α represents the order of the derivative. The new conformable derivative offers substantial advancements in the study of fractional differential equations, particularly through its application to the fractional Laplace equation (FLE). We demonstrate how this derivative enhances the analysis and solution of (FLE) by employing fractional Fourier series (FFS). Our study involves a comprehensive comparison of results derived from this approach with those obtained from fractional Laplace-type equations in the conformable sense [2], as well as with non-conformable fractional Laplace equations for varying values of α see [7]. This work not only expands the theoretical framework but also offers practical tools for tackling complex differential equations using conformable fractional calculus.

We present and analyze a second order numerical scheme with variable time steps for a liquid thin film coarsening model, which is a Cahn-Hilliard-type equation with a singular Leonard-Jones energy potential. The fully discrete scheme is mainly based on the Backward differentiation formula (BDF) method in time derivation combined with the finite difference method in spacial discretization. A second order viscous regularization term is added at the discrete level to guarantee the energy dissipation property under the condition that r ≤ r max . The uniquely solvable and positivity-preserving properties of the numerical solution are established at a theoretical level. In addition, based on the strict separation property of the numerical solution obtained by using the technique of combining the rough and refined error estimates, the optimal rate convergence analysis in ℓ ∞ ( 0 , T ; H h − 1 ) norm is established when τ≤ Ch by using the technique of the discrete orthogonal convolution(DOC) kernels. Finally, several numerical experiments are carried out to validate the theoretical results.