Floral organ development, pollen germination, and pollen tube growth are crucial for plant sexual reproduction. Phytohormones maintain these processes by regulating the expression and activity of various transcription factors. ICE1, a MYC-like bHLH transcription factor, has been revealed to be involved in cold acclimatization of Arabidopsis. This study shows that ICE1 regulates multiple aspects of sexual reproduction, including stamen development, pollen development, and germination. Loss-of-function mutants of ICE1 exhibit floral organs with shorter filaments, defective anther dehiscence, and lower pollen viability compared to the wild type. These abnormalities result in disrupted fertilization, leading to short siliques, a high rate of seed abortion, and dark, shriveled mature seeds. JAZ proteins (JAZ1 and JAZ9) interact with ICE1, inhibiting its transcriptional activity on jasmonic acid (JA)–responsive genes, including MYB21, MYB24, and MYB108. This study highlights the essential role of ICE1 as a signaling agent in the JA-regulated maintenance of sexual reproduction in Arabidopsis thaliana.

In complex dynamic environments, robot path planning faces the challenge of multi-objective optimization, such as path length, smoothness and obstacle avoidance capability. To this end, this paper proposes an Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm (ISSA) based on chaotic initialization and golden positive cosine strategy for multi-objective path planning. Diverse initial populations are generated through chaotic mapping to enhance the global search capability and avoid falling into local optimum. The golden positive cosine strategy then optimizes individual position updates to accelerate convergence and ensure path smoothness. The results show that the proposed ISSA for path planning exhibits significant advantages in terms of path quality and convergence speed. After achieving global path optimization, for the dynamic obstacle environment, this paper adopts the Improved Dynamic Window Approach (IDWA) to achieve real-time obstacle avoidance, which dynamically adjusts the window size according to the robot speed, obstacle density, and target distance, and adaptively expands or shrinks the search space to improve the flexibility and efficiency of obstacle avoidance. Simulation results show that the method outperforms other algorithms in terms of path length, smoothness, obstacle avoidance ability and computational efficiency in both static and dynamic environments.

Sulphur (S) is an important nutrient that has wide-ranging effects on plant health and metabolism. Several classes of transcription factor respond to S deprivation, including R2R3-MYBs. In Arabidopsis, the AtMYB93 transcription factor-encoding gene is upregulated by S deprivation. AtMYB93 has a non-redundant function in lateral root development and redundant functions in suberin biosynthesis alongside related MYB transcription factors, but AtMYB93’s role in S signalling, and how it relates to lateral root development, is unknown. We show that the transcriptome of Atmyb93 mutant roots implicates AtMYB93 in responses to S, including changes in S transport and metabolism, and flavonoid- and carbohydrate metabolism. Elemental analysis demonstrates that the Atmyb93 mutant has elevated shoot S levels while tomato SlMYB93-overexpressing plants have reduced shoot S. We uncover a stimulatory effect of S deprivation on adventitious root development. However, Atmyb93 mutants do not show significant changes in sensitivity to S with respect to lateral- or adventitious root development, most likely due to some functional redundancy. We show that the increase in AtMYB93 expression upon S deprivation is not due to global effects of S on its regulator SCARECROW. Furthermore, we show that AtMYB93 interacts with AtMPK3 and that the Atmpk3 mutant has elevated lateral root density. Taken together, our data suggest that AtMYB93 has a role in mediating root responses to S in alongside other root transcription factors.

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Infiltration and hydraulic conductivity ( K) play a key role in streamflow generation and groundwater recharge. The impact of agriculture on soil infiltration and K has been widely investigated. While many studies show decreases in infiltration and K, others show an increase or no change in both parameters. These variations highlight the importance of conducting local scale investigations. We investigated the impact of agricultural development and land cover changes on infiltration and K. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K unsat) was measured at the soil surface during both dry and wet seasons and saturated hydraulic conductivity (K sat) was measured at 25, 45, and 65 cm below the surface. Our results show that there were no significant differences in K unsat between perennial crop cover and natural forests; however, agroforests did have significantly higher K unsat than natural forests, which was attributed to higher soil moisture. There were no significant differences in K sat among the perennial crops, agroforests and natural forests at the 45 and 65 cm depths; however, at 25 cm natural forests had significantly higher K sat, which was attributed to the higher soil organic matter and lower bulk density in natural forest. The study showed that the impacts of agriculture and land cover change on K sat does not extend to deeper soil layers. We used two years of rainfall intensity data, observed K unsat and K sat , and HYDRUS-1D modelling to infer any changes to runoff. We show that footpaths and perennial crop cover may generate more surface runoff than natural forests. This study adds to the literature on agricultural impacts on infiltration and K. More importantly it shows that differences in crop type, management practices and topographic location all play an important role on infiltration and K, showing the need for local field based studies.

The C-3-substituted and C-5-substituted 20-deoxyingenol monoesters are important active components in Euphorbiaceae plants. Nonetheless, their similar physical properties make them difficult to distinguish. The present study developed fast and efficient rules for identifying the esterification sites of 20-deoxyingenol based on a series of chemical syntheses of monoesters and literature research, utilizing NMR spectroscopy, optical rotation analysis, and chromatographic retention behavior. In addition, a series of 20-deoxyingenol ether derivatives, including 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives, were synthesized. The cytotoxic activities of all 20-deoxyingenol derivatives were evaluated on A549 and HepG2 cell lines. Notably, 20-deoxyingenol 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative 22 (IC 50 = 8.8 μM) exhibited significant anticancer activity against HepG2 cells with low toxicity to normal cells (IC 50 > 50 μM), making it a promising compound. We investigated the potential anticancer mechanism of compound 22 by examining protein expression changes in HepG2 cells using quantitative proteomics. Our findings indicated that 22 induced G1/S phase cell cycle arrest and, In a dose-dependent manner, inhibited CDK4 and CyclinD1 expression while upregulating P21. Moreover, 22 promoted the accumulation of autophagosomes and the proteins LC3 and PINK1, enhancing autophagy and mitophagy in HepG2 cells. Collectively, compound 22 might serve as a novel autophagy inhibitor with anticancer properties.

The escalating complexity of ransomware attacks, alongside the adaptability of malicious actors in evading conventional detection techniques, has placed substantial demands on cybersecurity frameworks to innovate beyond signature-based and heuristic methods. Addressing this challenge, Adaptive Sequence Embedding (ASE) introduces a groundbreaking approach that shifts the focus to ransomware-specific behavior, leveraging sequence embedding to capture and interpret patterns unique to ransomware operations. ASE's novel embedding framework demonstrates significant advantages in identifying complex and polymorphic ransomware strains by embedding sequence-specific behaviors, thus circumventing the limitations faced by traditional detection methods. Experimental results highlight ASE's high detection accuracy across diverse ransomware families, enhanced computational efficiency, and its ability to sustain low falsepositive rates under varied operational conditions. Through embedding ransomware characteristics in a scalable format, ASE offers a transformative contribution to cybersecurity infrastructure, aligning with the real-time demands of modern cybersecurity environments. ASE not only presents a reliable solution for current ransomware detection needs but also establishes a foundation for enduring resilience against emerging ransomware threats.

Indoor organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have emerged as promising candidates for harvesting energy from artificial light sources. However, the limited spectral range and low photon flux of indoor light sources restrict the photocurrent and power output of these devices. In this work, we investigate the role of a non-absorptive third component in enhancing exciton dissociation and improving indoor OPV performance. By introducing eC9-2Cl into a D18-Cl:F-BTA3 binary system, we create a ternary blend that demonstrates significant improvements in device efficiency. Transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal that eC9-2Cl facilitates efficient energy transfer and exciton dissociation. Under indoor lighting conditions, where eC9-2Cl acts as a non-absorptive third component, the ternary devices exhibit a power conversion efficiency increase from 24.7% to 27.2%. These findings highlight the potential of non-absorptive components in optimizing energy transfer processes and overcoming the limitations of indoor light harvesting in OPV systems.

Plateau pikas cause changes in alpine meadow biodiversity and consequently impair ecosystem function through foraging, burrowing and defecation. However, existing studies often focus on a limited number of taxa, ignoring the fact that biodiversity loss occurs across many taxa and that the functional effects of any trophic group may depend on the diversity of other trophic groups. In this study, we analyzed the effects of disturbance by plateau pika on the diversity of organisms (plants, earthworms, ciliates, fungi and bacteria) and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) in different trophic groups. The results showed that: (1) disturbance by plateau pika significantly altered multi-trophic biodiversity and simultaneously affected EMF. (2) Plant species richness (25.52%) and functional richness (22.25%) were the most important factors driving EMF, followed by higher trophic level soil ciliates (18.35%) and earthworms (14.03%), and lower trophic level soil bacteria (9.88%), fungi, fungi, and bacteria (9.88%). Bacterial (9.88%) richness at lower trophic levels also drove EMF. (3) The relationship between biodiversity and EMF at each trophic level changed when the density of active burrows of plateau pikas was around 550 burrows/ha. At lower burrow densities (<530 burrows/ha), soil biodiversity had a greater effect on EMF, while at higher densities (>575 burrows/ha), plant diversity was more critical to EMF. (4) Disturbance by plateau pika had a negative effect on EMF, explaining 68% of the variation in EMF. This study reveals the important role of higher trophic level biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem function under the disturbance of plateau pika.

Postoperative pain and tumor recurrence are critical challenges following malignant tumor resection. To address these issues, we developed a supramolecular gel delivery system loaded with ropivacaine microcrystals (RopC Gel). Using PEG400 as the solvent, we successfully screened and identified matrix materials capable of forming supramolecular hydrogels through a heating-cooling process. By strategically leveraging the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the gel matrix, we controlled its mechanical strength and degradation rate by adjusting the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic components, resulting in a degradable, injectable, and self-healing gel delivery system. In both rat plantar incision and mouse tumor resection pain models, RopC Gel provided long-lasting analgesia for up to five days. Notably, tumor-resected mice treated with RopC Gel demonstrated extended survival and slower tumor progression. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that RopC Gel affects mitochondrial function by promoting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in tumor cells, inducing pyroptosis, stimulating immunogenic cell death (ICD), and activating anti-tumor immune responses. This work offers an innovative solution for postoperative tumor resection management. Additionally, the controllable degradation properties outlined in this study provide an efficient strategy for the controlled release of multiple drugs, with potential for widespread clinical applications.

Nonadherence to prescribed medications is a significant issue across many medical specialties and human conditions. Nonadherence affects individuals with chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, psychiatric disorders, and respiratory conditions, as well as in more acute conditions. Nonadherence can lead to treatment delays or discontinuation, potentially impacting outcomes, but the challenge of medication adherence spans a wide variety of diseases and treatment settings. Factors influencing nonadherence are complex, including psychological, social, financial, and system-level barriers, which apply to numerous medical specialties. Historically, physicians often had to rely on suspicion and guesswork to identify nonadherence or factors contributing to reduced treatment efficacy and delayed or failed outcomes. This uncertainty often left physicians feeling limited in their ability to provide optimal care and effectively apply diagnostic strategies. Fortunately, today, there are various tools available across medical specialties that significantly reduce the uncertainty surrounding nonadherence and its contributing factors. These tools, while widely available, are sometimes underutilized or less well-known. The purpose of this paper is to serve as both a reminder and an introduction to these tools, encouraging healthcare providers to actively and practically employ them for more accurate patient and treatment assessment. This strategy ultimately supports physicians in their commitment to providing each patient with the best possible care and personalized support, as well as improving physician job satisfaction and reducing overall healthcare costs.

Malayan tapir is the only extant Asiatic species in the family Tapiridae, is endangered and threatened by risk of inbreeding from population structure. To elucidate the demographic and evolutionary history of the tapirs in Southeast Asia (SEA), this study analysed whole genome data from 10 individuals for historical effective population size (Ne) inference using sequentially Markovian coalescence (i.e., PSMC, MSMC, MSMC2), folded site frequency spectrum, (i.e., Stairway Plot 2), and their hybrid SMC++. The results revealed that tapir Ne ranged 6,000–12,000 in the last glacial period but went down to < 2,000 in recent time. Genomic analysis and population split time analysis (PSMC and SMC++) supported a population divergence (Fst > 0.25) between the Sumatran and mainland SEA tapirs since at least 6 kya. Subsidence of Sundaland and rainforest reduction were the major drivers for Ne decline. The timing of population split corresponded well with the inundation of Straits of Malacca to present-day levels by rapidly raising sea-levels during 10–6 kya. Results of this study, as well as contemporary geographical isolation, supports the subspecies status of the Sumatran population. This will have implication to the ex-situ conservation practices that may have produced hybrids of the isolated populations.

As heatwaves and droughts are becoming more frequent and intense, such as in Western Europe, there is a growing interest in unraveling the physical mechanisms behind their occurrences and changes. Soil desiccation is critical for the self-intensification and self-propagation of heatwaves, but its relative importance compared to other well-known large-scale atmospheric mechanisms, such as persistent atmospheric blocking systems and horizontal warm advection, remains elusive, particularly in the context of a changing climate. Here we utilize machine learning along with intervention experiments to estimate the respective contributions of soil water content (C swc) and atmospheric circulation (C atm) to daily maximum temperature in Western Europe, with a particular focus on the 2022 summer events. Our results reveal that during the two unparalleled heatwave events that occurred in June and July of 2022, the impact of C swc on the heatwave intensity was comparable to C atm in continental dry-to-wet transition regions. Reviewing heatwaves in recent three decades, the percentage of heatwave areas that are significantly influenced by soil moisture-air temperature coupling has increased by 11.4% per decade. Additionally, about 21.7% areas, mostly in the transition zones, witness a significant increase in C swc ; while only 2.5% exhibit a substantial increase in C atm. Our study emphasizes the observation-based large and increasing importance of soil moisture coupling in intensifying summer heatwaves and provides insights into future climates in extra-tropical regions like Western Europe, where a warmer and drier future is anticipated. 10

The escalating sophistication and frequency of ransomware attacks have rendered traditional detection methods increasingly inadequate, necessitating the development of more robust and adaptive security measures. Introducing a novel hybrid detection framework that synergistically combines heuristic behavior profiling with advanced machine learning classifiers, this research achieves enhanced accuracy and efficiency in identifying both known and emerging ransomware threats. The proposed approach carefully analyzes behavioral patterns, including file system modifications, encryption activities, and anomalous network traffic, enabling the model to effectively distinguish malicious activities from benign processes. The integration of machine learning facilitates continuous adaptation to novel attack vectors, thereby addressing the limitations inherent in traditional signature-based and heuristic-only detection methodologies. Empirical evaluations demonstrate the model's superior performance, showing its potential to significantly bolster cybersecurity defenses against the evolving landscape of ransomware attacks.

In the field of animation creation, it is crucial to improve efficiency and innovation. This paper proposes an innovative method based on generative modeling, aiming to solve the problems of inefficiency and lack of innovation faced by wabi-sabi style animation creation. The script is generated through a language model, and the text is transformed into a wabi-sabi style animation storyboard using a diffusion model, followed by the application of a multimodal model to transform static images into dynamic effects, and at the same time generating background music, which is finally synthesized into a complete animation. The experimental results show that the method significantly improves the creative efficiency, reduces the cost, and stimulates innovative thinking. The conclusion of the study shows that generative modeling has a broad application potential in the creation of animation of specific aesthetic styles and provides a new path for professional creation.

A 43-year-old woman presented with dyspnea and cough, initially misdiagnosed as RSV. Persistent symptoms led to pulmonary thromboembolism treatment, but worsening issues revealed recurrent pericardial effusion. Imaging and biopsy confirmed pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma, mimicking thromboembolism and autoimmune disease, underscoring diagnostic challenges.

“‘latexCorrespondence: Impact of Childhood infection, asthma and allergy to adult allergic diseasesPei Chi Wu 1, Kuan Chi Chen1, Chia-Jung Li PhD 2, Su-Boon Yong MD, PhD3,4,5 Chin-Yuan Yii MD6School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Department of Allergy and Immunology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanResearch Center for Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (A.I.M.), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, TaiwanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

“‘latex The capacity of peatlands to sequester and store atmospheric carbon is coupled to their hydrological functioning but is threatened by increases in the frequency and severity of extreme weather. The hydrological functioning of a near-intact water-shedding ombrotrophic blanket bog is characterised here using a decade-long (2010 – 2021) hydro-meteorological series. This period includes the substantial drawdown of water tables during the 2018 UK summer heatwave. Annual peatland water balances were calculated for three consecutive hydrological years (2017/18, 2018/19 and 2019/20) and comprised, on average, 930 mm of precipitation (P), 335 mm evapotranspiration (ET), 371 mm runoff and −7 mm change in water storage (ΔS). Average annual water table depth (WTD) relates primarily to available energy (net radiation – soil heat flux), while monthly average WTD is driven mainly by the vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Summer water availability (P – ET) is controlled more by precipitation than evapotranspiration and drives much of summer changes in ΔS. Deeper summer WTD patterns associate with greater incidence of warm, highly evaporative days, and the 2018 summer drawdown (−427 mm) reflects both low water availability (P – ET) and high incidence of evaporative days. By winter 2018/19 the water balance had recovered, demonstrating the resilience of this near-intact blanket bog to hydrological extremes. However, the increased risk of summer heatwaves, milder winters and trends towards reduced winter-spring precipitation will impact interannual hydrological regimes, particularly affecting the extent of winter recharge and summer water table drawdown potentially jeopardising the longer-term stability of peatlands.

The ongoing and persistent drought in Central-western Argentina since 2010 is leading to a water crisis in the region. Despite the crucial importance of the Andean water resources for natural ecosystems and socio-economic activities few studies have focused on the relative contributions of snow and ice on the hydrology of the main regional watersheds such as the Mendoza River, which is the main water supply for the most extensive and densely populated irrigated oasis in central-western Argentina. To better understand snow and glacier temporal storage-and-release processes and its impact on the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the Mendoza Riverwe we provide an up-to-date modeling work using the numerical model HBV.IANIGLA which specifically incorporates separate snow and glacier components into the hydrological simulations. Modeled snow accumulation values show that the lower eastern sectors of the Mendoza watershed usually receive five times less snow than the westernmost areas bordering Chile. Model outputs from the adjacent Maipo and Aconcagua watersheds in Chile indicate almost 3.5 times more snow than the Mendoza River basin, corroborating the marked west-east precipitation gradient in this region. During the last 40 years, snow has been the main source of meltwater for the Mendoza river but glaciers have contributed, on average, ca. 18% of the annual discharges. Maximum values that exceed 40% in glacier contribution were modeled in years with very low winter snow accumulation. This is particularly evident during the extended dry period that started in 2010, when the glacier contribution averaged ca. 30% compared to ca. 15% prior to that period. These very dry years usually concentrate the bulk of the annual discharges later than normal during the warm melting season. These results provide an improved understanding of the surface water variability in this semiarid region for the last 40 years.

Objectives: This study aims to study the healthcare (HC) costs associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) in children diagnosed prenatally (ANT), through newborn screening (NBS), after birth due to meconium ileus (MI), or later based on symptoms (LS). Additionally, it seeks to clinically characterize children with CF (chCF) with different trajectories of HC costs. Study design: A retrospective observational study was conducted on data from the French CF Registry (FCFR) and the French National Claims Database (SNDS) linked from 2006 to 2021. HC costs related to CF diagnosis circumstances were estimated per year of life among chCF up to age 10. Group-based trajectory modeling was performed to identify subgroups with similar cost trajectories. Results: Between 2006 and 2011, data from 1,065 chCF were recorded in the FCFR. 973 (91.4%) were matched with SNDS, and 779 (73.1%) had at least 10 years of follow-up. NBS resulted in the lowest costs. During the first year, HC costs of chCF diagnosed with MI and ANT were higher than for those diagnosed with NBS or LS. Expenses declined in the second year of life and then gradually increased to approximately €20,000 by the tenth year. Three groups with different cost trajectories were identified. Groups with the highest costs had a lower lung function at 6 and 10 years and the lowest weight and height z-scores at 2 and 10 years (all p<0.05). Conclusion: HC costs were lower in chCF diagnosed by NBS, and high HC costs could occur at the earliest stages of CF.

Introduction: Diseases requiring pulmonary embolization (PE) in children are relatively rare. Transarterial PE is a minimally invasive technique and is associated with a lower morbidity rate compared to surgical resection. Clinical practice guidelines and recommendations are generally for adults. We presented the indications, procedure technique, and follow-up results of patients who underwent PE due to abnormal blood flow and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) in a tertiary pediatric pulmonology clinic. Methods: Medical records of all patients who underwent PE between December 2006 and March 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, major complaints leading to the diagnosis, diagnostic procedures, underlying diseases, treatment, complications, and long-term follow-up data were recorded. Results: Six pediatric patients underwent PE (3 males, 3 females; median age at diagnosis 7.2 (0.2-17) years. Two patients had extrapulmonary sequestration (EPS) in the left lower lobe; the other four had PAVMs. After the PE procedure, pneumonia developed in one patient and pulmonary embolism in one patient. In long-term follow-up, pneumonia was observed in one patient, pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion in one patient, and residual filling in PAVMs in three patients. Conclusion: Children who undergo PE should be closely followed up for complications such as recurrent pulmonary infection, pulmonary embolism, and the need for recurrent PE.

In recent years, substantial efforts have been focused on innovating the design modification of water heating systems to overcome the issue of low efficiency. This study evaluates the performance of four different cases of evacuated tube solar water heater (ETSC). conventional ETSC, ETSC with wavy tape, ETSC with PCM, and lastly ETSC with PCM + wavy tape. The novelty of this research lies in exploring the integration of binary eutectic PCM and combined effects of PCM and wavy tape in the operation of ETSC. The findings of the present study reveals that the enhancement in outlet temperature in ETSC with wavy tape, with PCM and, with PCM and wavy tape is 7, 9.7 and 12 % respectively as compared to conventional ETSC. The highest hourly efficiency had noticed 71.75% for the ETSC with (PCM + WT), followed by 67.63%, 65.5%, and 60.61% for the ETSC with WT, PCM, and conventional, respectively while the daily average efficiency of the discussed cases is 35.17, 39.90, 40.32 and 45.92% respectively. Similarly, the exergy efficiency follows the same trend as energy efficiency and reveals that the ETSC with (WT + PCM), exhibits an average exergy efficiency of 6.11%, which is higher than conventional ETSC (3.48%), ETSC with plain WT (4.43%), and ETSC with PCM (5.09%). The environmental analysis based on energetic and exergetic approach is also carried out and the results reveals that ETSC with PCM + WT mitigates more CO 2/ton compared to the other cases.

Leaf spot is a devastating disease in cultivated peanut that can lead to significant yield losses without chemical controls. Multiple disease symptoms, two causal organisms, inconsistent testing environments, and genotype by environment interactions are all components which make breeding for leaf spot resistant peanuts challenging. To better understand this disease, and make gains in breeding for disease resistance, an accurate and effective phenotyping strategy must be implemented. In this work, data derived from leaf scans and UAV-captured RGB and multispectral imagery were evaluated as a replacement for the subjective visual rating scale used at present. Standard operating procedures are detailed for all digital methods evaluated in this paper, and all digital phenotypes are fully characterized with descriptive statistics. Feature importance and post hoc proof of concept studies are conducted to further evaluate the new digital methods. Ultimately, ‘Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index’ is selected as the most appropriate proxy for immediate use by researchers and plant breeders in the peanut community.

This work deals with optimizing the synthesis error in an 8-bar Peaucellier - Lipkin mechanism, for its dimensional synthesis and applications in load-lifting machines. A new method for the formulation of the problem of maximizing the objective function is proposed and makes it possible to obtain from the PSO algorithm a minimum synthesis error e min= 9.07E-06 mm for the generation of the straight trajectory when the search interval for the lengths of the bars is  and a minimum error e min= 1.47E-04 mm when the search interval is . For 10 simulations in case 1 the average convergence time is t m = 55 s with the largest iteration at 10 (for t = 159 s); for 100 simulations in case 2, the t m = 229 s with the largest iteration at 136 (for t = 2294 s). The minimum error of case 1 is compared with the results of authors in the literature on the generation of the right trajectory because the search space is approximately equal. In the literature, e min= 0.648358 mm with the GA-DE algorithm in 2010, e min = 2.3667E-005 mm with the MKH algorithm in 2016, e min = 0.027145 mm with the SAP-TLBO algorithm in 2017, e min = 3.7E-4 with the GA algorithm in 2019. This new method brings a plus, because even when the search space is very large, the algorithm converges quickly and it allows the study to be extended to the generation of circular trajectories by just modifying the ratio between the frame bar and the crank bar. The results of the post-design FEM analysis show that for a 1.4571 steel (X 6CrNiMoTi 17- 12- 2) with a thickness of 50 mm and a joint with a radius of 500 mm, the mechanical device obtained can support a load of 1500 kg.