The increasing affordability of whole genome resequencing in the past five years and numbers of published reference genomes have enabled multispecies population genomic and phylogenomic studies on non-model organisms, but they raise new questions: what reference genomes should be used for read mapping in comparative studies, and what mapping methods provide the greatest and least bias in comparative genomics? Focusing on Eastern North American white oaks (Quercus sect. Quercus), which have an estimated 36 Ma divergence, we compared the effects of mapping resequencing data to four Quercus reference genomes, using three read-mapping methods: Bowtie2 –end-to-end, Bowtie2 –local, and BWA mapping methods. We analyzed the reference genomes and read-mapping methods in a fully factorial design to call variants and invariants for nine Quercus genome resequencing samples, then used the resulting datasets to test how different combinations of reference genome and method influence genotyping accuracy and bias. We found that both the genetic distance of the reference genome to the ingroup samples and mapping method together impacted sample heterozygosity, tree topology, and tree branch lengths. Specifically, the heterozygosity of closely-related sample/reference genome pairs using Bowtie2 –end-to-end alone was not significantly different from the average heterozygosity of samples that match the reference species. The outgroup reference genome resulted in low base pair recovery, low heterozygosity, and unbalanced phylogenies. We concluded that using a closely related, but not conspecific reference is ideal to minimize bias from the reference and Bowtie2 –end-to-end minimizes mismapping enabling the most accurate calls.

A document by Anup Panthi. Click on the document to view its contents.

Background and Aims Recent studies have shown that communicating and psycho-educating young individuals and their families about high-risk psychosis can offer benefits, like validation and access to specialized care. However, it can also negatively impact self-perception, distress, and help-seeking behavior. In a recent study [(Sol-Nottes et al., 2024)](#ref-0030), we demonstrated that clinicians view positive reframing as a way to mitigate these concerns. This study aimed to extend those findings to community dwelling adolescents with high versus low levels of distressing ‘prodromal’ experiences. An additional goal was to explore the moderating role of sex and culture. Methods The study replicated the design from Sol-Nottes et al. (2024). 108 adolescents were randomly assigned to view either negatively or positively framed simulated feedback sessions, followed by questions about the session’s impact. Prior to viewing the simulated session, all participants completed the brief version of the Prodromal Questionnaire [(Loewy et al., 2011)](#ref-0019). Results As hypothesized, positive framing significantly reduced fear and stigma. However, contrary to our secondary hypothesis, these effects were not moderated by the level of prodromal symptoms. Finally, exploratory analyses revealed a moderating effect of sex and culture, with a stronger effect of positive reframing on stigma, mobilization to seek help, and hopefulness, among male and Arab adolescents. Conclusions These findings provide further support for the potential beneficial effect of positive reframing in the context of at-risk mental states and highlight the importance of cultural factors. Together, these results lay the groundwork for clinical trials on positive framing in real-world settings.

A document by Yaping Zou. Click on the document to view its contents.

The present study examines the diel variation of phytoplankton at Daraganj and Chhatnag, Prayagraj in the Ganga River from December 2020 to April 2021. A total of 57 phytoplankton species were identified including 10 classes (Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae and Mediophyceae). Chlorophyceae was the dominant class among phytoplankton followed by Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae. Species richness was highest at 18 o’clock in Daraganj and 6 o’clock at Chhatnag. The high species richness and dominance of Chlorophyceae suggested favourable conditions for green algae, supported by rich nutrient availability. The abundance ranges from 4.0 x105 cells/l to 1.4 x102 cells/l at Daraganj and 2.5 x 105 to 2.3 x102 at Chhatnag. The highest mean phytoplankton abundance was observed at 12 o’clock in both stations suggesting high photosynthesis. Cyclotella sp. was the most dominant species, followed by Scenedesmus ellipticus at both stations. Pearson correlation coefficient of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, Mediophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae and Zygnematophyceae exhibited a strong positive association with dissolved oxygen (DO) (p < 0.05) and negative relationship with total dissolved solids (TDS) (p < 0.01). Coscinophyceae and Cryptophyceae demonstrated significant negative correlations with TDS (p<0.05). This study underscores the resilience of phytoplankton in response to environmental changes and emphasizes their role as bioindicators for assessing the ecological health of river ecosystems.

Background: Sarcopenia (SP) is described as a prognostic factor in adult and pediatric cancer patients. However, there is no data regarding Wilms Tumor (WT). Our aim was to study the association between sarcopenia and oncological outcomes in WT. Methods: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with WT at our institution between 2010-2022 was performed. SP at diagnosis was assessed by measuring the psoas muscle area (PMA) at the L4-L5 level on CT/MRI, and was defined as z-score values <-2. Demographics, complications and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Forty-eight patients (50% male) were included, with a mean age of 44.91±31.12 months. Twelve patients (25%) had SP at diagnosis vs. 36 (75%) who did not. Forty-one patients (85.4%) underwent total nephrectomy and 7 (14.6%) nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). No statistical differences were found in demographics, risk group or treatment between the SP and non-sarcopenic (NSP) groups. SP was associated with a higher rate of postsurgical complications (33.3% for the SP-group vs. 5.6% for the NSP-group; p=0.023) and with a higher rate of relapse (33.3% vs. 13.8% respectively; p=0.09). With a median follow-up of 57.75 (1.87-150.8) months, event-free survival (EFS) was lower for the SP-group (84.20±17.45 vs. 135.40±8.65 months respectively; p=0,08). One patient in the SP-group died. The 5-years overall survival (OS) was 89% for the SP-group vs. 100% for the NSP-group. Conclusions: Among our patients, SP can be considered as a risk factor for complications in patients with WT and could be associated with poor outcomes, increasing the risk of relapse and decreasing EFS.

The modern era has led to ungulates becoming dominant and altering natural ecosystems. They browse or graze unevenly on palatable plants, causing a change in the vegetation of unpalatable species. Ungulated palatability is a primary plant trait in plant community assembly. Browsing pressure at a site is the threshold palatability value between browsed and unbrowsed plants at the site, and it should be used for managing an ungulate population to conserve endangered and culturally important plants and maintaining the regeneration of forests with palatable trees. Thus, estimating palatability and browsing pressure are crucial techniques for ecosystem management. Herein, we compared four methods to estimate palatability based on a browsing scar survey and the palatability of 195 plant species from boreal to warm-temperate zones in Japan. Based on the palatability, a browsing pressure map for planning regional ecosystem management was depicted. The four methods assessed typically yielded similar results, although simple logistic regression caused outliers for extremely palatable and unpalatable plants. The species-to-species comparison matrix method, which is a method involving survey data restriction, accepts broad types, whereas the likelihood-distance method and Bayesian logistic regression methods necessitate a countable number of examined plants. The plants listed in the results can be used as indicator species to determine browsing pressure in field surveys. Thus, these methods for estimating palatability and browsing or grazing pressures will contribute to future progress in plant community studies and ungulate management.

Homeobox (HOX) transcription factors are essential for gene expression during embryonic development and hematopoiesis, and their dysregulation is potentially linked to several types of cancer. Recently, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been proposed as a key mechanism in various physiological processes. Using computational tools and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we found that the human HOX transcription factors have a strong potential to undergo phase separation. The large disordered regions of the HOX factors drive phase separation via a fly-casting mechanism, where the terminal segments of the disordered regions extend out to interact with and draw in neighboring molecules. Interestingly, formation of transient secondary structures in the short linear motifs (SliMs) of the disordered regions was observed in the simulations of both isolated molecules and their clustered states. This suggests that HOX transcription factors may act as scaffold proteins and recruit partner molecules, such as TALE proteins, in the biomolecular co-condensates, via interaction with these preformed structural elements. Furthermore, a total of 352 SLiMs were mapped with the droplet-promoting disordered regions of the human HOX transcription factors, which indicated an abundance of possible binding sites. These results have been curated in an interactive webpage ([https://sdelab-hoxverse.netlify.app/](https://sdelab-hoxverse.netlify.app/)) that generates motif maps, indicating the location of the motifs in the disordered regions of the HOX transcription factors. Overall, this work highlights the potential of phase separation of the human HOX factors particularly through the lens of context-dependent interactions, which may lead to novel insights into HOX-related processes.

A 19-month-old female with Down syndrome presented with recurrent left cheek swelling and left eye involvement, initially diagnosed as fasciitis/myositis and periorbital cellulitis. Despite empiric antibiotics, symptoms persisted. A whole-body CT scan revealed prominent lymph nodes, and a biopsy of the buccal mass showed myeloid sarcoma. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed acute myeloid leukemia. Following chemotherapy, the patient’s symptoms resolved. This case underscores that acute leukemia may manifest as facial swelling or periorbital cellulitis, highlighting the importance of considering extramedullary myeloma in cases of persistent, unexplained soft tissue swelling that does not respond to standard treatments.

IntroductionGranulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a chronic condition characterized by granulomatous inflammation of blood vessels, leading to damage in various organs, including the lungs, kidneys, and sinuses. This pattern of involvement can complicate the diagnosis of coexisting conditions, especially those involving granulomatous inflammation, like tuberculosis (TB). Its treatment typically involves the use of immunosuppressants, which can further complicate the diagnosis of infectious conditions. (1) Cardiac tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but clinically significant extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis, often presenting substantial diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific symptoms. Timely diagnosis and management are crucial as TB’s involvement in cardiac tissues can result in severe complications such as tuberculous pericarditis and cardiac tamponade. (2) Patients may exhibit symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, dyspnea, and chest pain, which can easily mimic other cardiac conditions, complicating both diagnosis and management. The prevalence of cardiac TB varies geographically, with notably higher rates observed in regions where TB is endemic. (2) In addition to cardiac TB, mitral-aortic intervalvular abscesses represent another rare yet critical complication associated with infective endocarditis, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. This anatomical region, known as the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIVF), consists of fibrous and avascular tissue that is particularly vulnerable to infections and trauma. These abscesses occur in less than 1% of endocarditis cases and can lead to severe sequelae, such as valvular dysfunction and heart failure, if not diagnosed and treated promptly. (3, 4)The primary causative agents are often bacterial infections, particularly from organisms like Staphylococcus aureus. These infections can invade the fibrous tissue following surgical interventions or arise in the context of chronic conditions that predispose patients to endocarditis.(5, 6) The co-occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) presents a significant clinical challenge, especially among immunocompromised patients. This case report details a 45-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease secondary to GPA who developed an MAIVF abscess with necrotizing granulomatosis inflammation and a positive tissue PCR for TB. Understanding the interplay between these two conditions is critical for guiding distinct therapeutic approaches, given that both involve granulomatous inflammation.

In this paper, a class of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation model with virus-to-cell HIV infection is proposed to characterize the competitive exclusion and coexistence between the host CD4+T cells and donor CD4+T cells. First, the positivity and boundedness of solutions as well as the basic reproduction number R are obtained. Second, criteria on the locally and globally asymptotical stability of all feasiable equilibria are established. Furthermore, bifurcation analysis is performed on the mixed chimerism infection equilibrium. Finally, the theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulation, we find that chimerism is an important indicator of model stability, and AIDS may be cured when chimerism reaches a certain threshold.

Tofacitinib: A Promising Therapeutic Option for Refractory Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris – A Case Report

[Abstract] Objective: To study the role of ACLY in regulating lipid metabolism during the occurrence and development of gastric cancer through bibliometric and bioinformatics analyses. Methods: The PubMed database was used to search the literature related to gastric cancer and lipid metabolism, and VOSviewer and Bibliometrix were used for analysis. The gastric cancer data were downloaded from the TCGA database, and the R software (4.2.1) and related R packages were used for data processing. The expression levels of ACLY in gastric cancer tissues and normal tissues in the TCGA database were compared. Cox regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. ROC curves, time-dependent ROC curves, K-M survival curves and coexpression heatmaps were used to analyze the relationships between ACLY and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the ACLY-related genes were performed. The GeneCards database was used to screen and analyze the gene data related to ACLY-related genes, lipid metabolism and gastric cancer. The substances in HGC-27 cells treated with 2-furoic acid and normal HGC-27 cells were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: The prognosis of patients with lipid metabolism and development is a hot topic in the field of gastric cancer. Compared with that in normal tissues, the level of ACLY in gastric cancer tissues is significantly greater, and it is associated with poor patient prognosis. The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer is related to age, N stage and M stage. The functions of the genes related to ACLY in cell differentiation and the structure, signal transduction and enzyme activity of gastric cancer are enriched. The common differentially expressed genes related to gastric cancer, lipid metabolism and ACLY are related to ACLY. The content of fatty acids in gastric cancer cells decreased after 2-furoic acid treatment. Conclusions: ACLY regulates lipid metabolism to affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.

Wearable devices are increasingly used to evaluate psychophysiological markers of anxiety for continuous health monitoring. Consumer-grade wearable devices, such as Fitbits, have potential for widespread use and dissemination given their affordability and accessibility for both research and clinical settings. However, validation of consumer-grade devices against research-grade devices is required. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Fitbit Charge 5 against a research-grade wearable device, the Equivital EQ02, in measuring psychophysiological parameters of anxiety, specifically heart rate (HR) and galvanic skin response (GSR). Fifty-five undergraduate students ( Mage = 19.4, SDage = 1.6, 46% female) wore both Fitbit and Equivital devices whilst completing social stressor and reading tasks. Statistical analyses revealed statistically significant moderate bivariate correlations ( rs = .5–.6) and intraclass correlations (ICCs = .53–.72) for HR estimates and moderate intraclass correlations (ICCs = .46–.64) for GSR estimates across conditions ( ps < .05). Furthermore, Bland–Altman analyses revealed that the Fitbit showed a pattern of underestimation of HR (ranging from 24 –32bpm) and overestimation of GSR (ranging from –12.92 to 10.29µS) compared to the Equivital. These findings highlight potential reliability concerns with the Fitbit Charge 5 in measuring physiological data. While the device may have some utility in assessing HR and GSR, it is crucial to approach the interpretation of data from consumer-grade wearable devices with caution due to potential accuracy limitations.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare malignant disease with long-term multi-organ and multi-system complications that severely affects the quality of life of patients. More than 40% of LCH patients have BRAF V600E mutation and about 20-25% have MAP2K1 mutation. We report a case of localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an adolescent characterized by clonal aggregation of skull Langerhans cells. These Langerhans cells were immunohistochemically positive for CD1a, CD45, CD68, and S100 and were characterized by next-generation sequencing to study BRAF V600E-negative and MAP2K1-positive mutations. The MAP2K1 genomic mutation was identified by NGS to be located in exon 3, including residues E102 and I103.

This study investigates the genetic diversity and population structure of the experimental Beagle dog breeding population, aiming to conserve and utilize their genetic resources effectively. Whole-genome SNPs were detected in 459 adult Beagle dogs using the Canine 50K SNP chip. Genetic diversity and population structure analyses were conducted with PLINK, GCTA, and R. A total of 48,304 SNPs were identified. After quality control in Plink, three samples were filtered out, leaving 31,198 SNPs for further analysis. The minor allele frequency was 0.224, while the average observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.303 and 0.305, respectively. Other metrics, including a polymorphism information content of 0.305, an effective number of alleles of 1.513, and an average genetic distance of 0.245, further highlighted the population’s rich genetic diversity. Both the IBS genetic distance and the G-matrix revealed that most individuals had distant genetic relationships, with only a few showing closer kinship. In 456 Beagles, 2,990 runs of homozygosity (ROH) segments were identified, and the ROH-based inbreeding coefficient was 0.031, confirming low levels of inbreeding. Phylogenetic analysis based on IBS genetic distance classified 107 stud dogs into 13 lineages, although some lineages had a limited number of individuals. Overall, the Beagle breeding population demonstrates rich genetic diversity and low inbreeding levels. Continuous monitoring and management of lineage sizes are recommended to maintain a balanced and stable population structure.

Insight problem solving is the result of complex interactions of multiple cognitive activities and neural regulation. In addition, unconscious processing is considered important to insight problem solving, due to the difficulty in capturing, few studies have directly probed this process. The present research recruited 37 participants, recorded the EEG activities when they completed the compound remote association task. By comparing the microstates (the topographic maps formed by the clusters are used to reveal the cognitive processes that may occur at the millisecond level) of the insight, non-insight and unresolved condition in the different stages, the main results show that: (1) under the insight condition, microstate C(reflecting a part of the default mode network) shows a higher rate of occurrence and more frequent transition with microstate A(related to the cognitive process of speech information processing) and microstate D(reflecting attention and input, related to executive function). (2) microstate B (related to visual processing) occurs significantly more frequently at the beginning of both types of successful problem solving, but only in each stage of the non-insight condition. The current research results indicate that the time series of microstates corroborate the distinct neural responses observed under different problem-solving conditions at the electrophysiological level. The successful resolution of a problem depends on an adequate representation of the problem and the active participation of executive function. More importantly, when comparing the two conditions for successful problem solving, microstate C, associated with the default mode network, is only captured under the insight condition. This indicates that during insight problem solving, the brain may be engaging in unconscious processes that are not directly related to the current task.

Distributed Generation (DGs) are emerging as a favorable and eco-friendly solution for energy production. DG systems typically consist of small to medium-sized power-generating units, such as solar panels, wind turbines, fuel cells, or microturbines, which are integrated into the local power grid or used independently. However, because renewable energy sources are inherently variable, they pose challenges and operational difficulties when used as the sole energy source. To overcome these issues, it’s essential to incorporate energy storage systems and carefully manage the uncertainties associated with both energy demand and generation. This paper proposes a structure of system that connects wind energy, solar (PV), Fuel cell (FC) and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in a Multi-Microgrid (MMG) structure. This study gives the analysis to address the uncertainties in energy demand, weather conditions, and cost of energy, optimizing the arrangement of DGs and BESS within the MMGs. To find the optimal location and sizing of DGs for the MMG system, the Jaya optimization algorithm is employed. The use of Jaya optimization has resulted in a reduction of the Net Present Cost from $451.354 million to $434.256 million and the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) to $0.267 per kWh, taking into account the uncertainties in energy demand, generation data, and fluctuating energy prices. The effectiveness of this approach is confirmed by comparing the results with those obtained using the GWO algorithm and CCPSO algorithm,. The Jaya algorithm shows superior performance, achieving lower total NPC, reduced system size, and a lower LCOE, while also exhibiting the fastest convergence, making it more accurate and reliable than the GWO and CCPSO, PSO algorithms.

Digital empowerment of youth sports health to promote high-quality development is an important part of realizing the goals of healthy China, sports power and digital power. The study believed that digital empowerment could promote the high-quality development of sports health promotion for adolescents from the aspects of promoting the efficient adaptation of sports health resources for adolescents, strengthening the collaborative education mechanism and optimizing the long-term development of supervision and evaluation system, and implementing the precise and inclusive development of sports health programs. However, at present, there are some problems in our country, such as the lag of relevant top-level system, the bottleneck of digital technology, the lack of high-quality talents, and the influence of traditional physical education mode. In the future, it can be optimized from the aspects of strengthening the top-level design, improving the digital literacy of multiple subjects, consolidating the foundation of digital technology, accelerating the implementation of digital transformation of school sports, and cultivating new quality sports talent

High-quality development of sports culture is a crucial element in constructing a new development pattern for sports, achieving national strategic goals of building a strong sports nation and a culturally strong nation. It significantly contributes to the creative transformation and innovative development of China's outstanding traditional culture. Using literature review and logical analysis, this study examines the logic and mechanism by which new quality productivity drives the high-quality development of sports culture in China, aiming to optimize the development path of sports culture in the new era. To advance China's sports culture work towards a new journey, it is necessary to deepen the digitalization concept, promote new quality production of sports culture, accelerate the transformation of technological achievements in the industry, strengthen key technologies, advance new technology research and development in sports culture, build new standardized technology platforms, leverage regional coordination, provide high-quality sports culture services, establish high-efficiency collaborative innovation mechanisms, accelerate the deployment of new infrastructure, implement dual quality and efficiency development of sports technology, and construct a new modern service industry. Additionally, it is crucial to develop new education mechanisms, cultivate new quality technology talents with a composite skillset, and form a high-quality workforce

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized architectural rendering, enhancing both efficiency and creativity. This paper explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) innovations on architectural rendering, specifically comparing the EvolveLab plugin with Midjourney, DALL-E, and Stable Diffusion. EvolveLab, an artificial intelligence (AI) based tool, facilitates advanced rendering techniques, while Midjourney, DALL-E, and Stable Diffusion are cutting-edge generative models. This study evaluates the performance, quality, and applicability of these artificial intelligence (AI) tools in the architectural domain, providing insights into their practical implementations and benefits. By integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into architectural workflows, designers can achieve unprecedented levels of detail and realism in their renderings.

Foundation species recovery is often assumed to restore associated communities to their pre-disturbance state. However, community dynamics may differ due to species-specific responses, altered environmental conditions, or changes in biotic interactions that can override the influence of the recovering foundation species. In a 14-year experiment, we studied the loss and recovery of giant kelp and its associated rocky reef community. Alongside reference plots, we removed giant kelp for 6–7 years, then tracked recovery for another 6–7 years. After cessation of removal, giant kelp and community (understory macroalgae and sessile invertebrates) biomass rapidly converged on the reference condition. However, the composition of the community diverged from the starting point, indicating that recovery of community biomass can disguise species turnover in response to foundation species recovery. Our results highlight how stochastic forces can overwhelm the influence of foundation species to determine the structure of communities when recovering from disturbance.

Plant invasion is major global driver to structure and functioning of natural communities. Species diversity is a fundamental determinant of community regeneration and dynamics through flowering phenology and groups. However, the impacts of plant invasion on native plant flowering phenology and how species diversity regulates the process remain unclear. We conducted a field experiment to assess the effects of plant invasion (Solidago canadensis) and community species diversity on flowering phenology of native plants from different flowering functional groups (FFGs) at community and species levels. We found that at community level, plant invasion shortened flowering duration (FD), and reduced flowering synchrony of native communities. Furthermore, high diversity reduced the negative impacts of plant invasion on flowering synchrony. Among FFGs, the late and mid flowering species responded more negatively to plant invasion than the early flowering species. SEM indicated that plant invasion suppressed plant height and FFD or LFD by reducing light availability to native plants, which in turn affected flowering phenology. However, high diversity counteracted the negative effects. Our findings confirm the role of high species diversity in resisting alien plant invasions on flowering phenology and reproduction of native plant communities, and suggest that high diversity with different FFGs should be considered to efficiently restore native communities invaded by alien plants such as S. canadensis.

Background: Environmental pollutants such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP) have been implicated in exacerbating allergic airway inflammation. However, the precise immune cell dynamics triggered by DEP inhalation remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the immunological mechanisms underlying DEP-induced airway inflammation, focusing on the recruitment and activation of monocyte-derived cells and their role in promoting asthma-like responses. Methods: Mice were exposed to DEP via inhalation. Lung immune cells were analyzed using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and flow cytometry, while histological analysis was used to localize DEP within the lungs. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung homogenates were assessed for cytokine levels, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured in alveolar macrophages (AMs). The role of CCR2 + monocytes was further evaluated using CCR2-deficient mice in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. Results: scRNA-seq analysis revealed increased infiltration of classical monocytes in DEP-exposed lungs, with monocyte-derived AMs contributing to enhanced MCP-1 production. DEP localized predominantly in AMs, driving MCP-1 synthesis via ROS-dependent pathways. DEP exposure aggravated eosinophilic airway inflammation in OVA-challenged mice, with significant CCR2 + monocyte recruitment and elevated cytokine levels, including MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and RANTES. In CCR2-deficient mice, DEP-induced monocyte recruitment and asthma exacerbation were markedly reduced, highlighting the critical role of CCR2 in these processes. Conclusions: DEP exposure promotes airway inflammation through ROS-driven MCP-1 production in AMs, leading to CCR2-dependent recruitment of classical monocytes. These findings offer novel insights into the immune mechanisms underlying DEP-induced respiratory diseases and suggest potential therapeutic targets for intervention.