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Aim: We wanted to understand how well journal teams, comprising editors, managing editors, reviewers and publishers, perform across five Essential Areas of peer review according to a self-assessment of their own editorial and peer review processes. We also wanted to identify and share the best practices that journals use and recognise potential obstacles that could be overcome. Methods: Journals used a Self-Assessment tool to assess their peer review processes by answering questions and giving themselves a quantitative score and providing a qualitative explanation for their rating, across the five ‘Essential Areas’ of Integrity, Ethics, Fairness, Usefulness and Timeliness. Wiley colleagues independently rated the journals to distinguish best practices and identify potential obstacles. Results: We examined the responses of 132 journals which completed the Self-Assessment exercise. Journals tended to rate themselves more highly than the study authors did. The greatest variation in rating between journal self-rating (SA-score) and the study authors’ rating (R-score) was in the Essential Area of Usefulness, with the smallest variation in the area of Ethics. We identified a set of best practices that could help improve peer review in each of the Essential Areas.Conclusion: The Self-Assessment encourages journals to reflect on and change their peer review processes and offers practical guidance on how to do this. They benefit from greater awareness of technical solutions that exist to help them in this. The Self-Assessment also highlights how journals can be inconsistent in the way that their processes operate, with one policy in place for authors and a different or no policy in place for reviewers/editors. Rather than be content with the status quo, journals should strive to improve processes in the light of changing community expectations and technological advances.

A document by Tim Xiao. Click on the document to view its contents.

Review contributors: Rachel J. Harding, Claudia Alvarez and Jacob McAuleyHuntington’s Disease Research Team, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, CanadaNB: Review structure adapted from PreReview guidelines: https://prereview.org/users/164141/articles/200820-prereview-guidelines-how-to-write-a-preprint-review

Mehrsa Bakhtiyari 1*1 Department of Management, Tehran Markaz Azad University, Tehran, Iran.* Correspondence: mehrsa.bakhtiari@yahoo.com

       Over the last few years, up until 2018, the Liberal Party of Ontario has consistently been in power (Elections Ontario 2018). During its leadership, Bill 148 - a plan for fair workplaces and better jobs – was passed. This bill sought to amend the identified gaps in Ontario’s workforces through remedies formed to create a more just and unprejudiced environment for employees and employers. Some of the changes highlighted in Bill 148 include the increase of the hourly wage to $14 per hour (with a proposed increase to $15 per hour in January 2019), an enforcement of the equal pay for equal work rule, extended accessibility to job-protected emergency days, an increase of the range of paid vacation and so forth (Ontario 2018). More notably, an accommodation was made for victims of domestic or sexual abuse which grants between 10 days to 15 weeks of leave if a worker or their child has been threatened or abused (Ontario 2018). These proposed changes, some of which are already in effect, also have exceptions. Worthy of notice is that demographic characteristics such as race, gender and status explicitly are not qualified as a premise for a gap in employee wages (Ontario 2018). For this paper, gender is of specific importance.        However, the general elections that took place in June 2018 resulted in a transition of power from the Liberal Party to the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario. Similarly, a bill titled Making Ontario Open for Business Act has been brought forward and a lot of its proposed changes are counter-intuitive to those implemented in Bill 148. Legislations such as the increase to $15 wage per hour and paid absence for sick days have been retracted while changes in regard to parity, paid vacation and domestic/sexual abuse remain the same (Mojtehedzadeh 2018). However, as opposed to Bill 148 that permits employees to ask for a review of their pay in a case where they feel they are being underpaid for the work they do (Ontario 2018), Bill 47 withdraws this authorization. This means workers who are getting paid less for the same amount of work as their colleagues are not allowed to file complaints (Mojtehedzadeh 2018). If the bill is passed, it is more likely to adversely affect women in the workforce.The Gender Pay Gap        Research has shown that pay, to a large extent, is affected by gender. As defined by the Canadian Women’s Foundation, gender pay gap essentially refers to “the difference in earnings between women and men in the workplace” (Canadian Women’s Foundation 2018). The primary cause of the gender pay gap is occupational sex segregation i.e. the concentration of workers of a certain demographic feature (gender) into different occupations. Mostly, the case is that men are being paid more than women and sometimes it is for the same job. Gender pay gap may differ depending on what is being used to measure it i.e. either wage per hour or earnings over a duration of time. In Canada, the gender gap in annual earnings is somewhat significant while the gap in wages is considerably lower (Kervin 2018). Canadian women statistically earn almost 30% less than men do (Canadian Women’s Foundation 2018). This is partly as a result of women being more likely to have non-linear careers and also due to the tendency of women working fewer hours than men for a number of reasons (majorly childcare and social culture amongst others).   What is the effect of these bills on the Gender Pay Gap?       As stated in Bill 148, companies should not “pay one employee less than another employee, because their employment status is different, if both people perform equal work.” (Ontario 2018). While the differences in status here refer mostly to the type of job held by the employee e.g. full time, seasonal, part time, etc., this legislation also explicitly states that gender is not an admissible premise for unequal pay. Furthermore, it grants the consent to challenge the employer if this rule is not being implemented in the workplace. This makes gender parity in the workplace seem more achievable because it will allow women challenge any sort of pay discrimination that is seemingly based on gender and not skill or work. As employers are required to respond to such requests with an updated pay rate or a well-informed analysis of the gap (Ontario 2018), it makes it harder for companies and organizations to marginalize women. The repeal of this change by the probable legislation of Bill 47 will undo this great leap towards egalitarianism in the workplace. The equal pay for genders is still enforced but with this bill, women will not be able to challenge their employers when they do not implement this rule. In situations where women are being paid less for the same work as their male counterparts, they will no longer have the leverage to question this injustice and be assured a remedy or at least, a response.The Glass Ceiling       Women and men tend to be promoted at the same rate, but this is only up to a certain stage in their respective occupations. Once that point is reached, men are more likely to get promoted to senior positions (Kervin 2018). Regardless of the work they put in, it is more difficult for women to get past this point that is if they do at all. Simply put, the gendered glass ceiling is a prejudiced barrier that stops women from reaching positions of high authority in their careers simply because they are women. For instance, female professors tend to be less likely to get promoted to full professors in comparison with male professors (Kervin 2018). However, there is a gradual (and occasionally stagnant) trend of women having increased representation in senior management positions. Relationship between both bills and the Glass Ceiling       Different organizations use either or both promotion models: the seniority model and the merit model (Kervin 2018). The seniority model considers years spent at the job and promotes those with unbroken streaks of employment in the organization they work in. On the other hand, the merit model is a more rational approach and promotes workers based on how well they perform their allocated tasks. As part of its exceptions regarding “equal pay for equal work”, Bill 148 plainly states that this change does not apply if the difference in pay is based on the merit or seniority model (Ontario 2018). This is problematic for a variety of reasons. Though the seniority model is purportedly better for women because of the reduced likelihood of gendered discrimination and/or bias, there are factors such as child rearing (which spirals down into outdated experience) that cause women to have non-linear careers and lapses in their work experience. The ambiguity of the merit model also puts women at the shorted end of the stick as the ‘merit’ is based on assessment which could be subjective especially with the overt homophily in organization culture. The exception of unequal pay based on either of these models is unfair to women because there is a possibility within either model that women may be disadvantaged. This exception provides the opportunity for employers to mask gender-based discrimination under the guise of either model of promotion. Notwithstanding, Bill 47 does not repeal protected leave for domestic or sexual abuse. As women are more likely to be victims of abuse, the protected leave protects their jobs which is beneficial where the seniority model is being used. Yet, Bill 47 reduces the number of emergency days granted to employees. Women reportedly are more likely to take leave days for familial responsibilities and if Bill 148 is annulled, the increased inflexibility of organizations may lead to more women cutting their chances of getting promoted to senior positions of authority by opting out of the workforce (Kervin 2018). To conclude, bills have similar chances of being detrimental or beneficial to women due to lapses in the regulations and amendments. The government of Ontario can create a bill that specifically aims to address and remedy the systematic and institutional marginalization of women in the workforce to get rid of these side-effects of the passed legislations. References Canadian Women’s Foundation. 2018. The Facts about the Gender Wage Gap in Canada. August.Elections Ontario. 2018. Election Results - June 7, 2018 general election poll by poll results. June.Kervin, John. 2018. “Intro and 6 problems.” SOC362 Sex, Gender and Work. Lecture 1. September 6.Kervin, John. 2018. “Gender and Compensation.” SOC362 Sex, Gender and Work. Lecture 7. November 1.Kervin, John. 2018. “Organizations and Glass Ceilings.” SOC362 Sex, Gender and Work. Lecture 5. October 18.Kervin, John. 2018. “Work-life Conflict.” SOC362 Sex, Gender and Work. Lecture 10. November 15.Mojtehedzadeh, Sara. 2018. “How your rights on the job will change if Bill 47 is passed”. Retrieved November 12, 2018 (https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/10/26/how-your-rights-on-the-job-will-change-if-bill-47-is-passed.html)Ontario. 2018. A plan for fair workplaces and better jobs (Bill 148). August.Wilson, Jim. 2018. Bill 47 - An Act to amend the Employment Standards Act, 2000, the Labour Relations Act, 1995 and the Ontario College of Trades and Apprenticeship Act, 2009 and make complementary amendments to other Acts. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

The biological age of human tissues and cells may be younger or older than the expected chronological age.  Many genetic and environmental factors can contribute to this difference.  Recently, scientists have developed various clocks to measure the biological age in humans.  Among them, the Horvath epigenetic aging clock, a multi-tissue predictor of age, is the most widely used one.  It can cover both pre- and postnatal lifespans and has proven to be accurate.  However, it remains unknown how its clock ticking rate is controlled.It was believed that the epigenetic aging clocks tick due to the erosion of a hypothetical “epigenetic maintenance system”, in which the epigentic genes set the ticking rate.Epigenetic genes encode proteins that modify DNA or histone proteins chemically, which can in turn change the binding or access of regulatory proteins (i. e. transcription factors) to the DNA regions that control gene expression (i. e. promoters and enhancers), thus affecting gene expression.  Unlike genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications are reversible, do not change DNA or protein sequences, and can occur in response to environmental and developmental cues.The Horvath clock is made of mathematical models, which are based on a small set of cytosine methylation (mC) changes at the CpG (“p” represents a phosphodiester bond between cytosine and guanine) sites in the human genome. About one half of the CpG sites increases in methylation while the other half decreases during aging. The clock is set near “zero” for newborn cells, such as embryonic and pluripotent stem cells, and the “time” increases due to the methylation changes.  For each tissue, the clock has a unique aging rate. The DNA methylation data can be obtained applying blood samples to the Illumina Human-Methylation450 array (450K array), and the “time” value can be calculated using an online calculator of computational algorithms (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/home).A study by \citet{Martin_Herranz_2019} has identified NSD1, the first gene in the “epigenetic maintenance system” to have accelerated the Horvath aging clock.  The team screened for the epigenetic genes that could accelerate the ticking rate of the Horvath clock in the patients who suffered from developmental diseases due to the mutations of these genes. They measured the clock aging rate in blood samples and found that only the Sotos syndrome patients had significantly accelerated clock aging rate.  Sotos syndrome is caused by NSD1 mutations and has a range of aging-like developmental symptoms such as “prenatal and postnatal overgrowth, facial gestalt, advanced bone age, developmental delay, higher cancer predisposition, and, in some cases, heart defects”.NSD1 encodes a Histone H3 lysine 36 (H3k36) methyltransferase, an epigenetic regulatory enzyme that can add a mono- or di-methyl group to the 36th amino acid, lysine (K), of the histone H3 protein.  Histone H3 is one of eight histone proteins packing the genomic DNA to form nucleosomes.The researchers then conducted genome-wide analyses, confirming that the NSD1 mutations in Sotos syndrome affected many CpG methylation sites, some of which were also affected by aging. The measurement strategy was more accurate than the Horvath clock because the calibrations used a large number of control samples and a microarray-based method.Previous studies support that NSD1 can change the ticking rate. For example, NSD1 can affect DNA methylation indirectly by interacting with DNA methylation machinery.  Several NSD1 interacting proteins in humans or their homologs in other species have been shown to affect the aging rate.This study has established the pivotal role of the H3k36 methyltransferase gene, NSD1, in the epigenetic maintenance system to determine the ticking rate of the epigenetic aging clock.  It showed that the clock is at least partially controlled genetically, if not entirely. Interestingly, the clock may have a functional role in the aging process.  This study has provided an excellent model for investigating many questions related to the human aging rate.The aging clock, due to its reversible epigenetic nature, may be reset with proper intervention, including keeping a healthy life style such as eating a low-calorie diet, exercising , and staying happy and positive.Author ORCiDAlison Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0171-6441

Background: Previous research has found that researchers rank journal reputation and Impact Factor amongst the key selection criteria when choosing where to submit. We explored the actual effect upon submission numbers of several possible factors.Methods : We retrieved ten years of submission data from over a thousand journals, as well as data on Impact Factor, retractions, and other factors. We performed statistical analysis and identified correlations. We also undertook case study research on the fifty-five most significant submission decreases.Results: We found a statistically significant correlation between changes in Impact Factor and changes in submissions numbers in subsequent years. We also found a statistically significant effect on submission numbers in the year following the publication of a retraction. Our case studies identified other factors, including negative feedback on the peer review process.Discussion: Our findings regarding Impact Factor confirm previous indications about the significance of Impact Factor on submissions. We explain the correlation with retractions through the concept of “peer review reputation”. These results indicate that editors and publishers need to focus on a journal’s peer review practices, as well as a journal’s Impact Factor, if they are to maintain and grow submissions.

Mehrsa Bakhtiyari 1*1 Department of Management, Tehran Markaz Azad University, Tehran, Iran.* Correspondence: mehrsa.bakhtiari@yahoo.com

This article introduces factors contributing significantly to climate change that have been largely neglected in both the scientific and popular press. These factors have immediate implications for public policy directed at slowing, halting and even reversing climate change and its effects. This article argues that in addition to the known contributions made by greenhouse gasses, climate change is also driven by shifts in the patterns of global atmospheric circulation which are influenced by persistent, large-scale vortices caused by the wake turbulence left by commercial air traffic. Because this traffic is highly concentrated along the most frequently traveled routes, the vortices aircraft create have transformed into semi-permanent atmospheric circulation which have widespread effects on how the atmosphere traps and releases heat. It is also possible that these changes alter the loss of water from the atmosphere. This would endanger all life on earth, not just the human population.  

The growing generation of data and their wide availability has led to the development of tools to produce, analyze and store this information. Computational chemistry studies and especially catalytic applications often yield a vast amount of chemical information that can be analyzed and stored using these tools. In this manuscript we present a framework that automatically performs a full automated procedure consisting in the transfer of an adsorbate from a known metal slab to a new metal slab with similar packing. Our method generates the new geometry and also performs the required calculations and analysis to finally upload the processed data to an online database (ioChem-BD). Two different implementations have been built, one to relocate minimum energy point structures and the second to transfer transition states. Our framework shows good performance for the minimum point location and a decent performance for the transition state identification. Most of the failures occurred during the transition state searches needed additional steps to fully complete the process. Further improvements of our framework are required to increase the performance of both implementations. These results point to the _avoidhuman_ path as a feasible solution for studies on very large systems that require a significant amount of human resources and in consequence are prone to human errors.

Abstract. This work brings an annotated list of the terrestrial molluscan fauna from the Slovak part of the Danubian Lowland and contains a number of original findings based on field observations. Snails and slugs were collected using visual searches, snails were also sampled using leaf litter collections. Totals of 81 terrestrial gastropod species (45% of the total number of land gastropods in Slovakia) from 27 families were found in the 45 sites in the whole surveyed territory.

Analysis of Presumptive Service Connections in Gulf War VetsJeff HoganAbstractNearly 700,000 American soldiers deployed to the Middle East in support of Operation Desert Storm/Desert Shield. Of those approximately 30% suffer from Chronic Multisymptom Illness (White, et al., 2016). Those suffering from Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI) are able to apply for disability through the Department of Veteran Affairs (DVA) and if they were a veteran of Desert Storm, Desert Shield or any of the Gulf War conflicts since that time the assumption is that the CMI is caused by the Gulf War.Analysis of Presumptive Service Connections in Gulf War Vets

Stop and think about the education you amassed to get to the point you are now—the late nights studying for finals; countless hours preparing for entrance exams; the papers written, edited, and revised to convey just the right message? If you’re a Talking Heads fan you probably hear David Burns asking, “How did I get here?”

Probably you are like me and you want to gift your girl friend/wife/other loved ones never ending and perpetual love. I will tell you what I did. So obviously I wanted some thing however far you go from it you come back and fall in love ? so as a romantic I symbolize love by the symbol of a heart ! That reduced my problem very much so I need an oscillator which has a limit cycle which looks like a heart. Hmm. You might say I know the function that looks like heart but how would you make a differential equation which has a limit cycle which looks the same ? So here is the simple answer : ’co-ordinate transformation’. You want your equations to be like love you better go to the world of love. The method I am describing here is pretty general so you can create an oscillator that looks like a square, circle or anything circlish (A topological circle, after all you need a limit cycle) . What you need to do is the following. Write down the equation that describe your favourite curve Remember the fact that $ = r(1-r)$ and $ =1$ has a limit cycle at r = 1 Therefore, replace r by the equation of the favourite curve and theta by the ArcTan(x/y) Solve and get the differential equation. An oscillator is a set of ODEs which gives oscillatory solutions (like a simple pendulum). A limit cycle is when for any nearby point in phase space(space where x and y represent the states and no time is in it) you come back to the same oscillating ’circle’ in the phase space (not like a simple pendulum but like our solution here!) So I did the same for heart equations. So what did I get? The answer is the following. $ = -(2 (x^{12} y+6 x^{10} y^3-6 x^{10} y+15 x^8 y^5-2 x^8 y^4-30 x^8 y^3+15 x^8 y+3 x^7+20 x^6 y^7-6 x^6 y^6-60 x^6 y^5+6 x^6 y^4+60 x^6 y^3-21 x^6 y+9 x^5 y^2-6 x^5+15 x^4 y^9-6 x^4 y^8-59 x^4 y^7+12 x^4 y^6+90 x^4 y^5-6 x^4 y^4-63 x^4 y^3+18 x^4 y+9 x^3 y^4-x^3 y^3-12 x^3 y^2+3 x^3+6 x^2 y^{11}-2 x^2 y^{10}-30 x^2 y^9+6 x^2 y^8+60 x^2 y^7-6 x^2 y^6-63 x^2 y^5+3 x^2 y^4+36 x^2 y^3-9 x^2 y+3 x y^6-x y^5-6 x y^4+3 x y^2+y^{13}-6 y^{11}+15 y^9-21 y^7+18 y^5-9 y^3+2 y)/(6 x^6+18 x^4 y^2-12 x^4+18 x^2 y^4-5 x^2 y^3-24 x^2 y^2+6 x^2+6 y^6-12 y^4+6 y^2$ and $ = -{2 }+{}+}{y^2 \left({y^2}+1\right)}}{-{}-{}\right)}{y^2 \left({y^2}+1\right)}-{}-{2 }}{y \left({y^2}+1\right)}}$ And the beautiful solution of these equations is given below. Can you notice the love in the phase space and all the trajectories that fall towards it ?

The construct of wellbeing has been criticised as a neoliberal construction of western individualism that ignores wider systemic issues including increasing burden of chronic disease, widening inequality, concerns over environmental degradation and anthropogenic climate change. While these criticisms overlook recent developments, there remains a need for biopsychosocial models that extend theoretical grounding beyond individual wellbeing, incorporating overlapping contextual issues relating to community and environment. Our first GENIAL model \cite{Kemp_2017} provided a more expansive view of pathways to longevity in the context of individual health and wellbeing, emphasising bidirectional links to positive social ties and the impact of sociocultural factors. In this paper, we build on these ideas and propose GENIAL 2.0, focusing on intersecting individual-community-environmental contributions to health and wellbeing, and laying an evidence-based, theoretical framework on which future research and innovative therapeutic innovations could be based. We suggest that our transdisciplinary model of wellbeing - focusing on individual, community and environmental contributions to personal wellbeing - will help to move the research field forward. In reconceptualising wellbeing, GENIAL 2.0 bridges the gap between psychological science and population health health systems, and presents opportunities for enhancing the health and wellbeing of people living with chronic conditions. Implications for future generations including the very survival of our species are discussed.  

A document by Selden Crary. Click on the document to view its contents.

In functional terms, a reference manager is a program that allows you to collect, organize, and cite reference materials (e.g., books, journal articles, websites).  It has become an invaluable tool for anyone engaged in modern academic writing.   Through my career I've used a variety of reference managers, and their functionality is an integral part of my work flow which involves reading academic material, collaborating with other authors, and writing across a variety of platforms such as LaTeX, Authorea, and Libre Office.

Mehrsa Bakhtiyari 1* 1 Department of Management, Tehran Markaz Azad University, Tehran, Iran.* Correspondence: mehrsa.bakhtiari@yahoo.com

GENERATING FUNCTION FOR nth COLLATZ ITERATION We can consider the generating function for the Collatz map applied to the positive integers. Define C(n) = n/2 & n \bmod 2 = 0 \\ 3n+1 & n \bmod 2 = 1 and define the mth composition of the function as Cm(n), such that C₀ = n and C₁(n)=C(n) and C₂(n)=C(C(n)). The generating function for positive integers is G_0(x) = {(1-x)^2} for the first iteration we have numbers 4, 1, 10, 2, 16, 3, ... G_1(x) = {(1-x^2)^2}(4+x+2x^2) for the second iteration giving 2, 4, 5, 1, 8, 10, 11, 2, 14, ... we have G_2(x) = {(1-x^4)^2}(2+4x+5x^2+x^3+4x^4+2x^5+x^6) the next iteration is G_3(x) = {(1-x^8)^2} in general this gives G_n(x) = {(1-x^{2^n})^2} for a polynomial of which seems to be order 2n + 1 − 1 these polynomials appear to be related to the current iteration sequence by the following relationship P_n(x) = \left(^{2^n} C_n(k)x^k\right) + \left(^{2^{n+1}-1} (C_n(k)-2 C_n(k-2^n))x^k\right) which we can write as P_n(x) = \left(^{2^{n+1}-1} C_n(k)x^k\right) -2 \left(^{2^{n+1}-1} C_n(k-2^n)x^k\right) We could consider the Cauchy product of this and the simple series {(1-x^{2^n})^2} = 1 + 2 x^{2^n} + 3 x^{2\cdot2^n} + 4 x^{3 \cdot 2^n} + \cdots what does this mean? This means that for any level of iteration, we can describe the coefficient for any number, however large, using the first few function evaluations and a composition. However the expressions rapidly become complicated, with 2n + 1 terms. What conditions would then be required for a coefficient to be 1? For a given iteration this will depend on the number of ways to write a target number t, as the sum of an integer in the range [1, 2n − 1] and any of [0, 2n, 2 ⋅ 2n, 3 ⋅ 2n, ⋯], for one iteration that’s combinations in [1, 2, 3]+[0, 2, 4, 6, 8, ⋯] which can make [1, 2, 3],[3, 4, 5],[5, 6, 7] and so on indicating there are multiple ways to make 3, 5, 7, ⋯. All of the coefficient terms are positive which is nice. The only way a coefficient can be 1 in this iteration is if it is 1 in the polynomial, and multiplied by the 1 in the expanded series. This means we can look at a subset of the polynomial, namely Pn(x). We can then ask, how can a coefficient become 1 in Pn(x)? We can see that Cn(k)>2Cn(k − 2n) for k ∈ [2n + 1, 2n + 1 − 1] to keep the terms positive and non-zero.

Mehrsa Bakhtiyari 1*1 Department of Management, Tehran Markaz Azad University, Tehran, Iran.* Correspondence: mehrsa.bakhtiari@yahoo.com

The  genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride and arsenic trioxide was assessed singly and conjointly in  Oreochromis mossambicus (tilapia) with end points such as chromosome aberration, red blood cell anomaly , anomalous nuclei determination and sperm head anomaly detection.The  primary objective were to examine If cadmium chloride  and arsenic trioxide as well as ascorbic acid (AA) and ocimum, had, any genotoxic effect of their own on non target aquatic organisms and secondly if ascorbic acid and ocimum had any ameliorating effect on cadmium chloride  and arsenic trioxide induced genotoxicity in the fish, tilapia.key wordsChromosome aberration(CA),  genotoxicity,  mutation,  cell anomaly,  ocimum,  AA,  cadmium chloride,   arsenic trioxide.

The article highlights the problem of studying historical time in terms of aesthetics and social ethics. The essence of history, according to the author, is not so much in retrospection or reflection, but in the gap between feeling and awareness. Guided by the apophatic method, the author analyzes the historiosophical views of domestic and foreign scholars and comes to the conclusion that the Soviet paradigm is true, where the only vector of human development is the liberation of labor in the name of creating a bright future for the sake of all people and for everyone.

Mathematica newly introduced machine learning to its kitty. And I was excited to see its capabilities! So I decided to test its RNN abilities..to begin with (Really RNN!).