Let L_n be a linear hexagonal chain with n hexagons. Let L^2_n be the graph obtained by the strong prism of a linear hexagonal chain with n hexagons, i.e. the strong product of L_n and K_2. In this paper, explicit expressions for degree-Kirchhoff index and number of spanning trees of L^2_n are determined, respectively. Furthermore, it is interesting to find that the degree-Kirchhoff index of L^2_n is almost one eighth of its Gutman index.

In this paper, a new SEIR model incorporating the effects of awareness programs on the epidemic spreading is analyzed. Two types of equilibria and the basic reproduction number of the model are given, and an algebraic approach is used to prove the global stability of the equilibria. Then the sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number and endemic equilibrium is performed. Moreover, the effects of awareness and media parameters on system dynamics are analyzed. Finally, we conduct numerical simulation to verify the analytical results.

Evapotranspiration as the key component of the terrestrial water cycle, an accurate estimates of evapotranspiration are of great importance for water irrigation management. Although many applicable ET models have been developed, these are largely focused on low altitude regions, with little attention to alpine ecosystem. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of 14 evapotranspiration (ET0) models by comparison with large weigh lysimeter measurements. Specifically, we use Bowen ratio-energy balance method, three combination models, seven radiation-based models and three temperature-based models driven with data from June 2017 to December 2018 in a humid alpine meadow, northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The daily actual evapotranspiration was obtained by large weighing lysimeters located in an alpine Kobresia meadow. We found that the performances of the 14 ET0 models, ranked on the basis of their RMSE (root mean square error), decreased in the order: Bowen> Priestley-Taylor> DeBruin-Keijman> 1963 Penman> FAO-24 Penman> FAO-56 Penman-Monteith > IRMAK1> Makkink (1957) > Makkink(1967)>Makkink> IRMAK2 > Hargreaves>Hargreaves1>Hargreaves2. For the combination models, FAO24 Penman yielded the highest correlation, followed by Pen-63 and FAO-56 PM. For radiation-based models, PT and DK obtained the highest correlation, followed by Makkink, Makkink(1967) and Makkink (1957), IRMAK1 and IRMAK2. For temperature-based models, HAR, HAR1 and HAR2 obtained the same correlation. Overall, the Bowen performed best, with RMSEs 0.98, followed by radiation-based models, combination models and temperature-based models. Furthermore, all models tended to underestimate measured ETa during periods of larger evaporative demand (i.e. growing season) and overestimate measured ETa during lower evaporative demand (i.e. non-growing season). Our results could provide a new sight for the accurate assessment of evapotranspiration in an alpine ecosystem.

Field measurements were conducted to study the influence of aquatic vegetation on flow structures in floodplains with the hydrodynamic conditions dominated by combined current and wind-driven wave. Wave and turbulent flow velocity components were decomposed from the time series of instantaneous velocity and analyzed separately. With the ratio of wave excursion to stem spacing less than 0.5, the interaction between wave and vegetation was weak in present study, leading to the vertical distributions of time-averaged velocity (Uhoriz) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) with the presence of vegetation similar with the vegetated flow structures under pure current conditions. For emergent vegetations, Uhoriz and TKE distributed uniformly through the entire water column or increased slightly from bed to water surface. Similar distributions were present in the lower part of submerged vegetations. Within the upper part of submerged vegetations, Uhoriz and TKE increased rapidly toward water surface and TKE reached its maximum near the top of vegetation. With small Ew/S the wave orbital velocity (Uw) within vegetation was not attenuated when compared with the Uw above vegetation, and Uw through the entire water column can be predicted by the linear wave theory. However, wind-driven waves made the turbulence generated near the top of canopy penetrate a deeper depth into vegetation than predictions under pure current conditions.

Aim: There are inter-individual variations in the impact of the Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) polymorphisms on salbutamol response in asthmatic patients. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between ADRB2 Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms and salbutamol responsiveness. Methods: Eight cyber databases (PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Date and VIP) were searched to select eligible studies until August 2020. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies involving 894 patients were recruited. There was a clear relationship between the Arg16Gly polymorphism and salbutamol response [AG vs. AA: OR=1.470, 95%CI (1.046, 2.066), P=0.026; GG+AA vs. AG: OR=0.668, 95%CI (0.502, 0.889), P=0.006]. Stratified analysis by age revealed significant association in adult asthmatics [AG vs. AA: OR=1.894, 95%CI (1.262, 2.843), P=0.002; GG+AA vs. AG: OR=0.597, 95%CI (0.426, 0.837), P=0.003]. Caucasian and Asian patients with the AG genotype showed a good response to salbutamol compared to those with the GG+AA or AA genotypes, respectively. However, the association among the Gln27Glu polymorphism and salbutamol response was not significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the ADRB2 gene Arg16Gly polymorphism may predict salbutamol responsiveness in asthmatic patients. The patients with the AG genotype are likely to show a greater response to salbutamol in comparison to those with the AA or GG+AA genotypes, especially in adult asthmatics. There may be no association between the Gln27Glu polymorphism and salbutamol response.

In dis paper, we introduce a new subclass of uniformly convex functions wif negative coefficients defined by Gegenbauer polynomials. We obtain teh coefficient bounds, growth distortion properties, extreme points and radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity for functions belonging to teh class $TS( \upsilon, \varrho , \lambda, t ).$ Furthermore, we obtained modified Hadamard product, convolution and integral operators for dis class.

Study of the carnivore guild is the key to understand quantitative relationship between members of the carnivore community. The aim of the study was to investigate diversity, abundance and population structure of the mongoose in Nech Sar National Park. Ecological data collection on mongoose species has been carried out from September 2017 to August 2018 in Nech Sar National Park (NSNP). Based on the habitat type and topography of NSNP, 10 transects, each of 4-5 km long were sampled to traverse the major habitat types in the park. Line transect distance sampling methodology was used to determine abundance and population status. DISTANCE (Version 6.0, Release 2) Software was used for density and abundance estimation of mongoose populations. The key to distance sampling analyses is to fit a detection function to the observed distances, and hence, the key functions hazard rate + hermite polynomial, unform + cosine polynomial and half normal + hermite polynomial models were chosen over the others on the basis of best fit. Three species of mongoose namely- Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon,) Slender mongoose (Herpestessanguineus) and White tailed mongoose (Ichneumiaalbicauda) were identified in the study. The overall density of mongoose in the study area was 2.3048+0.16070 individuals/km2 with population estimate of 943+85.593 individuals. Based on season and habitat type, density and abundance estimates showed variation (P<0.05). However, species composition between seasons and habitats was the same. The highest species diversity (H=1.197) was recorded in bushland habitat. The population was female-baised with 1:1.171 and 1:1.59, male to female ratio during wet and dry seasons, respectively. Adult to young (subadult and juvenile) ratio was1.05:1 and 0.94: 1 during wet and dry seasons, respectively. Further researches on other ecological parameters viz. behavior, feeding habit and activity pattern are important to acquire a complete picture about mongoose ecology in the park.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) were utilized for rapid and simultaneous assessment of the lipid oxidation indices in French fries. The conventional indexes (i.e. total polar compounds, oxidized triacylglycerol polymerized products, oxidation products, and triacylglycerol hydrolysis products, acid values and peroxide values), and FTIR absorbance intensity in French fries were determined during deep-frying process, and the results showed the French fries had better quality in palm oil, followed by sunflower oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil. The FTIR spectra of oil extracted from French fries were correlated to the reference oxidation indexes determined by AOCS standard method. The results of BP-ANN prediction showed that the model based on FTIR fitted well (R2 > 0.926, RMSEC < 0.614, RMSEP< 0.550) compared with partial least-squares model (R2 > 0.876, RMSEC < 1.144, RMSEP< 1.257). This facile strategy with excellent performance has great potential for rapid characterization quality of French fries during frying.

Background: allergic rhinitis is a common childhood disease responsible for a major impact on quality of life and health care resources. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the link between allergy and otitis media, although a definitive mechanism has not been identified yet. One of the major critical points is that authors failed in distinguishing among different phenotypes of middle ear inflammation. This review pointed out evidence from the laboratory and clinical experience to link allergy to different phenotypes of otitis media in children. Methods: we performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) process. Our search yielded 3010 articles that were finally screened. This resulted in 20 publications of which the full texts included for the qualitative analysis based on different phenotypes of otitis media. Results: clinical evidences and analyses of biomarkers suggested that allergy may be linked to some phenotypes of otitis media and, in particular, to otitis media with effusion and acute re-exacerbations in children with middle ear effusion. It was not possible to perform the analysis for allergy and acute and chronic otitis media because of paucity and heterogeneity of data. Conclusion: Allergy should be considered in the diagnostic work up of different phenotypes of otitis media. Clinicians should evaluate prompt and accurate treatment of allergy in improving outcomes, although futures studies are required to increase evidence supporting that anti-allergy treatment may be effective in the recovery and outcome of otitis media with effusion.

The treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation (PSAF) remains a challenge for electrophysiologists. Nowadays, isolation of the pulmonary veins (PVI) is a routinely applied, well proven and accepted intervention. Despite this, some patients are in refractory atrial fibrillation (AF) even after 2 or more procedures. Others are unable to receive another catheter ablation due to previous cardiac interventions. The Convergent procedure might be a good option for this type of patients. Here we report on two of these cases from our clinic: one of a female patient who underwent a TAVI procedure in our institution 3 months before the epicardial Ablation and the second old male patient with paroxysmal AF who underwent percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in 2015 after having an embolic stroke. These two cases show that the staged Convergent procedure can be performed safely and with good results even in patient who underwent previous cardiac interventions. In addition, it might be a good alternative in patients in whom a primary transcatheter ablation is impossible due to previous pathologies and interventions.

Background: Children with allergic symptoms tend to have behavioral or emotional problems. However, previous studies on this association did not control for factors such as parenting stress, demographic characteristics, or allergy presentation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood allergic symptoms and behavioral problems, adjusted for confounders such as demographic characteristics, parenting stress, and allergy-related variables. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey among caregivers of children aged 2-6 years (n=633). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) score was used as the primary measure of children’s behavioral characteristics. Data on history of wheezing, eczema, and rhinitis were collected from the children’s caregivers, using a standardized questionnaire, based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Associations were estimated using logistic regression analyses with propensity score to adjust for confounding factors. Results: Univariate analyses showed that history of wheezing was associated with conduct problems, a behavioral component of the SDQ. History of eczema was also associated with hyperactivity. Furthermore, nose symptoms were associated with conduct and emotional problems. After adjusting for potential confounders, history of wheezing (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-2.75) and nose symptoms (adjusted OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.05-2.34) remained associated with increased risk of conduct problems. Conclusions: This study revealed that history of wheezing and rhinitis in children are associated with increased risk of behavioral problems, in particular, that of conduct problems. This evidence may inform future research into childhood allergy symptoms and their behavioral problems.

A document by Selvakumar Subbian. Click on the document to view its contents.

Renal denervation (RDN) is a novel percutaneous procedure that reduces the sympathetic activity to the atria and the systemic blood pressure, both of which can potentially decrease atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) via radiofrequency or cryoablation is performed in treatment-refractory patients with atrial fibrillation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the effects of RDN on AF recurrences with PVI vs. isolated PVI. We searched PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar database from January 01, 2005, to January 01, 2020, for randomized control trials (RCTs) that compared the PVI for atrial fibrillation treatment with or without RDN. The primary endpoint was freedom from AF recurrence with a follow-up period of 12 months. We selected 5 RCTs comprising a total of 496 patients (249 in RDN+PVI arm and 246 in PVI only arm). RevMan Version 5.3 Copenhagen was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) of dichotomous data using a random-effects model for our review and analysis. The use of RDN in addition to PVI lead significantly more patients who were free from AF recurrence compared to PVI alone at 12 months (173 vs. 119; RR=2.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.59–4.59, p=0.0002, I2=36%). The analysis showed a significant benefit of RDN addition to PVI in reducing the AF recurrence. This is an interesting finding which needs further investigation to evaluate the safety of concomitant RDN and PVI and effect on long-term survival.

Background: Asthmatic patients are generally considered to have an increased risk of mortality compared with subjects without asthma. However, this issue has not been fully evaluated using nationally representative data. In addition, it is unclear whether respiratory comorbidities other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with increased mortality in asthmatic patients compared with subjects without asthma. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample database, we performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with asthma and age- sex-matched control cohort. We estimated hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality. We also stratified the asthma cohort based on respiratory comorbidities. Results: During a median 8.9-year follow-up, the overall mortality rate was higher in the asthma cohort than in the control cohort (p < 0.001). The HR for mortality in the asthma cohort compared with the control cohort was 1.13 (95% CI = 1.07–1.19). The effects of asthma on mortality were more evident in males, patients under medical aid, and subjects with COPD. Respiratory comorbidities were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality in asthmatic patients compared with controls (COPD, adjusted HR, aHR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.39–1.59; bronchiectasis, aHR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.18–1.73; lung cancer, aHR = 4.11, 95% CI = 2.59–6.52; pneumonia, aHR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.46–1.74). Conclusion: Patients with asthma had a higher mortality rate compared with subjects without asthma. Coexisting pulmonary comorbidities were the primary cause of higher mortality in patients with asthma

Human-induced habitat alterations globally threaten animal populations, often evoking diverse and complex behavioural responses in wildlife. This may be particularly dramatic when negatively affecting social behaviour, which fundamentally determines individual fitness and offspring survival in group-living animals. Here, we provide first evidence for critical behavioural modifications of Southern pig-tailed macaques visiting Malaysian oil palm plantations in search of food. Specifically, we found significant reductions of positive social interactions, an increase of non-physical aggression and shifts in the macaques' social network structure, with the central positions of high-ranking adult females and immatures being passed to low-ranking individuals likely resulting from socio-ecological risks posed by plantations. Deviations from natural behaviour also affected the smallest but crucial social units within groups, mother-infant pairs, with increased maternal protectiveness at plantations. Our study provides strong evidence that although primates, and more generally group-living wildlife, can persist in human-altered habitats, their ability to adapt may come with a trade-off for their natural sociality potentially hampering infant development and individual survival.

Aim: In theory, long-distance dispersal (LDD) outside a species’ range contributes to genetic divergence. However, previous studies have not discriminated this process from vicariant speciation in migratory bird species. We conducted an integrative phylogeographic approach to test the LDD hypothesis, which predicts that a Japanese migratory bird subspecies diverged from a population in the coastal region of the East China Sea (CRECS) via LDD over the East China Sea (ECS). Location: East Asia Taxon: Brown Shrike (Lanius cristatus) Methods: Both a haplotype network and a multi-locus gene network of its three subspecies were reconstructed to examine from which continental population the Japanese subspecies diverged. A species distribution model (SDM) for the Japanese subspecies was constructed using bioclimatic variables under the maximum entropy algorithm. It was projected to the climate of the last glacial maximum (LGM) to infer the candidate source area of colonisation. A migratory route of the Japanese subspecies, which possibly reflects a candidate past colonisation route, was tracked by light-level geolocators. Results: Molecular phylogenetic networks suggest that the Japanese subspecies diverged from a population in the CRECS. The SDM inferred that the emerged continental shelf of the ECS and the present CRECS were suitable breeding areas for the Japanese subspecies during the LGM. A major migratory route for the Japanese subspecies was inferred between the CRECS and the Japanese archipelago across the ECS. Main conclusions: Our integrative approach supported the LDD hypothesis for divergence of the Japanese subspecies of the Brown Shrike. Shrinkage and expansion of the ECS may have been responsible for successful colonisation and isolation of the new population. Vicariance was inferred for divergence of the subspecies in the northeast Asian continent from the Japanese population. Our framework provides a new phylogeographic scenario in this region, and discriminating LDD and vicariance models should improve our understanding of the phylogeographic histories of migratory species.

SARS-CoV-2 infections are the most contagious among the three coronavirus infections the world has witnessed till date which have affected almost all parts of the world in millions of population till date since its outbreak in china in Dec. 2019. Moreover, it has severely hit the world economy and therefore there is a dire need to develop the treatment of this deadly disease. Numbers of potential vaccines are in the early or advanced stage of clinical trials. But the development of a vaccine is a very tedious and time consuming task. Therefore, numbers of groups are working on the repurposing of drugs with already known safety and efficacy profile to shorten the time of development of the potential treatment. The main aim of this review article is to summarize the clinical outcomes of the various drugs which have been repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19 associated with SARS-CoV-2.

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The restoration of lands damaged by opencast coal mining is an increasingly important problem in a dry tropical region of India. Plantations are often employed as a measure of revegetation and management of mine spoil; thus, mitigating the mining effects on the environment. However, the choice of species for plantations has emerged as a challenge for the restoration ecologists due to insufficient data. Therefore, the primary objective of the present paper is to compare the efficiency of exotic and native species on the coal mine spoils. Previous studies on the Singrauli coalfields allowed us to compare the growth performance, standing biomass, net primary production (NPP), litterfall and decomposition rates of exotic and native species plantations. Our results showed that native species have significantly higher survival, stem-diameter, biomass and NPP as compared to exotic species plantations. However, leguminous nature of species did not affect these parameters significantly. Further, litterfall and decomposition rates were also not differed either between exotic vs native or leguminous vs non-leguminous species. Thus, exotic species either legume or non-leguminous is not very much useful in mine spoil rehabilitation as that of native species.

Hemolytic anemia has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in adult and pediatric patients, we report a case series of preterm newborns with hemolytic anemia whose mothers had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In two of the cases maternal infection occurred early in pregnancy and the newborns had a reactive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test. Hemolysis and coagulopathy improved with the use of washed blood products and prothrombin complex concentrate. Our cases highlight the need for increased awareness of a possible association between hemolysis and exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection during intrauterine life.

Background: Graft versus host disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic HSCT from unrelated donors. ATLG is commonly used as prophylaxis for GVHD. The studies according to optimum dose of ATLG especially in pediatric patients are limited. Patients and Methods: Outcomes of 158 pediatric patients, who received ATLG as GVHD prophylaxis for matched unrelated donor HSCT at a dose of 10 mg/kg (group 1), 20 mg/kg (group 2) and 30 mg/kg (group 3) were analyzed retrospectively. The median duration of follow-up was 25.25 months (range, 1.1-79.5 months). Results: The incidences of acute and chronic GVHD were statistically not different between three groups (p=0.55 and p=0.45). But TRM at day 100 and OS at the end of follow-up was found significant inferior in patients received ATLG 10 mg/kg (p=0.006, p=0.004). Cox regression analysis showed that ATLG dose of 10 mg/kg (hazard ratio [HR] 0.500 [95% CI 0.301-0.829]; p=0.007), severe acute GVHD (HR 5.512 [2.027-14.993]; p=0.001), and having viral infection (HR 2.510 [1.034-6.089]; p=0.042) were significant prognostic factors for inferior OS. Conclusion: Although ATLG dose of 10 mg/kg is effective in pediatric patients on acute and chronic GVHD prevention and safe from the point of infection; TRM and OS were superior in ATLG doses ≥20 mg/kg with no difference between 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. So, it could be better to choose ATLG dose of 20 mg/kg in conditioning regimen for MUD HSCT in pediatric patients, but these observations should be supported with other multicenter prospective studies including larger patient population.

AIM Current guidelines advocate ‘one-stop’ neck lump assessment for cancer referrals. We pilot a novel pre-clinic ultrasound pathway, present the outcomes and discuss strengths and limitations especially in view of the current COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Patients referred by the GP on a two-week-wait cancer pathway with a ‘neck lump’ were allocated pre-clinic ultrasound scans followed by an ENT clinic appointment. Demographics, patient journey details and outcomes were collected and analysed. RESULTS 99 patients underwent pre-clinic ultrasound assessment by a specialist consultant radiologist an average of 8.02 days after referral with 30 (30.3%) also undergoing biopsy. Patients were followed-up 14.1 days (range 2 – 26 days) after initial referral. In 92.9% of patients, a positive impact was achieved; at the first clinic appointment 45 patients were discharged (45.5%), ten were listed for surgery (10.1%), a cancer diagnosis was made in a further 12 patients (12.1%), 6 patients (6.1%) were referred onwards to another speciality and 19 patients (19.2%) were taken off the cancer pathway and followed up routinely. In four patients, it was retrospectively felt that ultrasound was not indicated as the referral did not accurately reflect the patient’s presenting complaint or examination findings. Repeat ultrasound was inadvertently requested for one patient. Two patients were reviewed prior to biopsy results being available leading to an additional appointment being required. CONCLUSION Pre-clinic ultrasound scanning is an alternative to the current ‘one-stop’ neck lump pathway. Our results demonstrate a reduction in clinic visits, quicker diagnosis and low proportion of unnecessary scans. Our proposed pathway requires minimal service restructuring and has added potential cost savings. We have found it to be effective during the COVID-19 pandemic in minimising the face-to-face consultations and the number of aerosol generating procedures (AGPs). Further refinement is needed to streamline and make the process more robust. A larger study with direct comparison to the ‘one-stop’ clinic is required to assess further strengths and limitations.

Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthetase (cGAS) and its downstream interferon gene stimulator (STING) act as important immune monitoring media have become a research hotspot. cGAS-STING pathway may play a key role in the occurrence and development of endometriosis by regulating autophagy. The combination of inhibitors targeting cGAS-STING with estrogen or surgery may become a therapeutic approach for endometriosis, and we present a review about the mechanism and physiological function of cGAS-STING pathway, typical autophagy and STING-dependent atypical autophagy, autophagy expression in endometriosis, and a new idea that cGAS-STING may be involved in endometriosis by regulating autophagy.

Background: Esophageal histology is critical for diagnosis and surveillance of disease activity in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). A validated noninvasive biomarker has not been identified. We aimed to determine the utility of blood and urine eosinophil-associated proteins to identify EoE diagnosis and predict esophageal eosinophilia. Methods: Blood and urine were collected from children undergoing endoscopy with biopsy. Absolute eosinophil count (AEC), plasma eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), major basic protein-1 (MBP-1), galectin-10 (CLC/GAL-10), Eotaxin-2 and Eotaxin-3, and urine osteopontin (OPN) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were determined. Differences were assessed between EoE and control, and with treatment response. The capacity to predict EoE diagnosis and esophageal eosinophil counts was assessed. Results: 183 specimens were collected from 56 EoE patients and 15 non-EoE patient controls; 33 EoE patients had paired pre- and post-treatment specimens. Plasma (CLC/GAL-10, ECP, EDN, Eotaxin-3, MBP-1) and urine (OPN) biomarkers were increased in EoE compared to control. A panel comprising CLC/GAL-10, Eotaxin-3, ECP, EDN, MBP-1, and AEC was superior to AEC alone in distinguishing EoE from control. AEC, CLC/GAL-10, ECP, and MBP-1 were significantly decreased in patients with a good response to treatment compared to patients with a poor response. AEC, CLC/GAL-10, ECP, EDN, OPN, and MBP-1 each predicted esophageal eosinophil counts utilizing mixed models controlled for age, gender, treatment and atopy; AEC combined with MBP-1 best predicted the counts. Conclusions: We identified novel panels of eosinophil-associated proteins that along with AEC are superior to AEC alone in distinguishing EoE from control and predicting esophageal eosinophil counts.