The problem of farmland degradation and air pollution caused by wind erosion and particulate matter emissions is serious. Relying on biological soil crust coverage can effectively inhibit the production of wind erosion materials. However, recent studies have discussed the wind erosion and particulate matter emission processes separately and few studies analyzed both, clarifying the changes in the proportion of particulate matter emissions in the total wind erosion. Aiming at the typical farming-pastoral transition zone in the monsoon climate zone, this study used wind tunnels to analyze the wind erosion and particulate matter emissions of algae crusts and moss crusts for different wind speeds and coverage conditions. Results show that the effects of wind speed and coverage on the total wind erosion of biological soil crusts are similar. However, the emission of particulate matter is particularly sensitive to coverage of biological soil crusts. The proportion of particulate matter emissions in wind erosion decreases with increasing wind speed. According to the trend of the proportion with wind speed, the particle emission capacity of moss crust is directly proportional to the particle size and inversely proportional to the coverage. In contrast, the particle emission capacity of algae crust particles is proportional to the particle size, but the relationship with coverage is not regular. The results of this study can improve the knowledge of the relationship between wind erosion and particulate matter emissions and give relevant information for the management of wind erosion and particulate matter emissions.

This Supporting Information includes:Figure S1, S2, S3Supplementary VideosVideo S1: Process of self-folding of the SCS with 4 creases.Video S2: Process of self-folding of the SCS with 10 creases.        Video S3: Demonstration of stacking SCS with 10 sheets of paper. Video S4: Three-point bending test of the SCS.      

Background: Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are essential for ambulatory arrhythmia diagnosis. However, definitive diagnoses still require time-consuming, manual adjudication of electrograms (EGMs). Objective: To evaluate the clinical impact of selecting only key EGMs for review. Methods: Retrospective analyses of randomly selected Abbott Confirm Rx TM devices with ≥90 days of remote transmission history was performed, with each EGM adjudicated as true or false positive (TP, FP). For each device, up to 3 “key EGMs” per arrhythmia type per day were prioritized for review based on ventricular rate and episode duration. The reduction in EGMs and TP days (patient-days with at least 1 TP EGM), and any diagnostic delay (from the first TP), were calculated vs. reviewing all EGMs. Results: In 1,000 ICMs over a median duration of 8.1 months, at least one atrial fibrillation (AF), tachycardia, bradycardia, or pause EGM was transmitted by 424, 343, 190, and 325 devices, respectively, with a total of 95716 EGMs. Approximately 90% of episodes were contributed by 25% of patients. Key EGM selection reduced EGM review burden by 43%, 66%, 77%, and 50% (55% overall), while reducing TP days by 0.8%, 2.1%, 0.2%, and 0.0%, respectively. Despite reviewing fewer EGMs, 99% of devices with a TP EGM were ultimately diagnosed on the same day vs. reviewing all EGMs. Conclusions: Key EGM selection reduced the EGM review substantially with no delay-to-diagnosis in 99% of patients exhibiting true arrhythmias. Implementing these rules in the Abbott patient care network may accelerate clinical workflow without compromising diagnostic timelines.

Background and purpose: Anxiety is often characterized by an inability to extinguish learned fear responses. Orexins/hypocretins are involved in the modulation of aversive memories, and dysregulation of this system may contribute to the aetiology of anxiety disorders characterized by pathological fear. The mechanisms by which orexins regulate fear remain unknown. Experimental approach: We investigated the role of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the impaired fear extinction induced by orexin-A (OXA) in male mice. Behavioural pharmacology, neurochemical, molecular and genetic approaches were used. Key results: The selective inhibitor of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) biosynthesis O7460 abolished the fear extinction deficits induced by OXA. Accordingly, increased 2-AG levels were observed in the amygdala and hippocampus of mice treated with OXA that do not extinguish fear, suggesting that high levels of this endocannabinoid are related to poor extinction. Impairment of fear extinction induced by OXA was associated with increased expression of CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) in microglial cells of the basolateral amygdala. Consistently, the intra-amygdala infusion of the CB2R antagonist AM630 completely blocked the impaired extinction promoted by OXA. Microglial and CB2R expression depletion in the amygdala with PLX5622 chow also prevented these extinction deficits. Conclusions and implications: We reveal that overactivation of the orexin system leads to impaired fear extinction through 2-AG and amygdalar CB2R. This novel mechanism may pave the way towards novel potential approaches to treat diseases associated with inappropriate retention of fear, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, panic anxiety and phobias.

Objective: To evaluate the association between pre- and postabortion ultrasound and clinical outcomes after telemedicine abortion. Design: Cohort study Setting: Chile, Northern Ireland, Poland, South Korea. Population: 5298 women who performed abortion through the telemedicine service Women on Web (WOW), January 1st 2016 – December 31st 2019. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study on the associations between use of ultrasound pre-abortion and clinical outcomes using unconditional multivariate logistic regression. Intervention rates following routine or clinically indicated postabortion ultrasound were analysed using descriptive statistics. Main outcome measures: Self-reported rates of heavy bleeding, clinical visits within 2 days of the abortion, treatment for incomplete abortion, continuing pregnancy, and satisfaction. Results: Women with and without a pre-abortion ultrasound had similar rates of heavy bleeding (10.5% vs10%, AOR 0.98, 95% CI= 0.8-1.19), continuing pregnancy (1% vs 1.3%, AOR 0.68, 95% CI= 0.39-1.19), and satisfaction (96.8% vs 97%, AOR 0.95, 95% CI= 0.67-1.35). Women with a pre-abortion ultrasound were more likely to visit a hospital within two days of the abortion (6.6% vs 4.4%, AOR 1.35, 95% CI= 1.04-1.75) and receive treatment for incomplete abortion (13.7% vs 8.7%, AOR 1.58, 95% CI= 1.32-1.9). Overall rates of surgical evacuation for incomplete abortion were 9.8% after routine postabortion ultrasound and 27.6% for clinically indicated ultrasound. Conclusion: Non-use of pre-abortion ultrasound was not associated with higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes or lower satisfaction. Routine postabortion ultrasound may result in unnecessary clinical interventions. The results come from observational data where a certain selection bias is possible.

FA is a rare, multi-organ cancer-prone IBMFS associated with hematological malignancies and STs. The androgen therapy, hematopoietic growth factors, HSCT, and GT, still in the clinical trial, are various treatments for this disease. Here, we aimed to compare the advantages and disadvantages of HSCT and GT in FA cures. We perform an advanced electronic search of “FA” AND (genetics OR treatment OR HSCT OR GT OR Mosaicism), and “Allo-HSCT” AND (conditioning regimen OR complications OR GvHD OR infection OR cost) MeSH terms in non-citation and citation databases. Besides, the gray literature was searched too. This article will provide a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of HSCT and GT of FA disease. Our results show that GT has a good potential in FA treatments in the future. Furthermore, it has higher advantages and fewer disadvantages in comparison with HSCT. Systematic Review Registration: CRD42021247364 ID on PROSPERO database.

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Concomitant metabolic or genetic syndromes can make atrial septal defect device closure difficult. We searched our database and found eight. The cohort consists of patients with different metabolic and genetic disease . Thromboembolic events and device embolization occurred in some patients. Careful attention is recommended in patients with special diseases.

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is widely performed in combination with assisted reproductive technology, and the contrast medium used in this procedure may be retained in the pelvic cavity. In patients showing suspected operative-residue lesions after caesarean section, a medical history of HSG and details regarding abnormal findings can facilitate differential diagnosis.

In this work, we will design unexpected configurations for the optical soliton propagation in lossy fiber system in presence the dispersion term solitons via two distinct and impressive techniques. The first one is the (G’/G)-expansion method, while the second is solitary wave ansatze method. The two methods are implemented in same vein and parallel. The obtained perceptions are new and weren’t achieved before. The comparison between our achieved visions and that achieved by other authors who used different schemas has been documented.

Leiomyomas are uncommon vulvar neoplasms often misdiagnosed as other Bartholin gland pathology. We describe a case of accelerating growth of a vulvar mass, initially diagnosed as Bartholin cyst. Surgical excision led to a diagnosis of vulvar leiomyoma. Postoperative complications included secondary haematoma and dehiscence of the surgical site.

Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) is an encapsulated yeast that causes disseminated and potentially life-threatening in immunocompromised hosts. We present a patient with primary myelofibrosis on ruxolitinib who developed disseminated disease due to CN. The report underscores the importance of suspecting infections with intracellular pathogens in immunosuppressed patients on ruxolitinib.

CDG are a group of diseases altering the glycosylation process. Enzymes involved have ubiquitous distribution with systemic involvement and high phenotypic variability. We report the case of a girl with central hypotonia, epilepsy and severe psychomotor delay diagnosed with phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency (PMM2-CDG) after presenting with nephrotic syndrome.

In this paper, we formulate a generalized hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection model with two modes of infection transmission and adaptive immunity, and investigate its dynamical properties. Both the virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell infection transmissions are modeled by general functions which satisfy some biologically motivated assumptions. Furthermore, the model incorporates three distributed time delays for the production of active infected hepatocytes, mature capsids and virions. The well-posedness of the proposed model is established by showing the non-negativity and boundedness of solu- tions. Five equilibria of the model are identified in terms of five threshold parameters R0, R1, R2, R3 and R4. Further, the global stability analysis of each equilibrium under certain conditions is carried out by employing suitable Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance principle. Finally, we present an example with numerical simulations to il- lustrate the applicability of our study. Nonetheless, the results obtained in this study are valid for a wide class of HBV infection models.

In this paper, we introduced a new fractional derivative operator based on Lonezo Hartely function, which is called G-function. With the help of the operator, we solved a fractional diffusion equations. Some applications related to the operator is also discussed as form of corollaries.

Stress can be remembered by plants in a form of stress legacy that can alter future phenotypes of previously stressed plants and even phenotypes of their offspring. DNA methylation belongs among the mechanisms mediating the stress legacy. It is however not known for how long the stress legacy is carried by plants. If the legacy is long lasting, it can become maladaptive in situations when parental-offspring environments do not match. We investigated for how long after the last exposure of a parental plant to drought can the phenotype of its clonal offspring be altered. We grew parental plants of three genotypes of Trifolium repens for five months either in control conditions or in control conditions that were interrupted with intense drought periods applied for two months in four different time-slots. We also treated half of the parental plants with a demethylating agent (5-azaC) to test for the potential role of DNA methylation in the stress legacy. Then, we transplanted parental cuttings (ramets) individually to control environment and allowed them to produce offspring ramets for two months. The drought stress experienced by parents affected phenotypes of offspring ramets. The stress legacy resulted in enhanced number of offspring ramets originating from parents that experienced drought stress even 8 weeks before their transplantation to the control environment. 5-azaC altered transgenerational effects on offspring ramets. We confirmed that drought stress can trigger transgenerational effect in T. repens that is very likely mediated by DNA methylation. Most importantly, the stress legacy in parental plants persisted for at least 8 weeks suggesting that the stress legacy can persist in a clonal plant Trifolium repens for relatively long period. We suggest that the stress legacy should be considered in future ecological studies on clonal plants.

A two-sublattice decorated Blume-Capel ferrimagnet has been investigated using the mean field theory. Interesting behaviors of long-range order are obtained depending on particular magnitudes of magnetocrystalline anisotropies for both sublattices sites. Distinguishable features have been discovered in two-dimensional decorated lattice consisting of spin-5/2 and decorating spin-7/2 ions on the bonds. It is found the present system shows two ferrimagnetic compensation temperatures. However, one compensation temperature for different or fixed values of decorated magnetic anisotropies with the values of J1=-0.5 , J2=-1.0 , or with J1=-1.0 , J2=-0.5, has been induced, respectively. The magnetization behavior in the (M,DB/IJ2I) space has not already been considered showing the crystalline anisotropy dependence of total magnetization remanences. Besides, the variations of net magnetizations versus the decorated crystal fields, i.e., in the(M,DA/IJ2I) space, have been done, with J1=-0.5, J2=-1.0 , for various values of T=2.0, 2.5,3.0 , respectively.

Aim: Mexican hand tree Chiranthodendron pentadactylon is an evergreen temperate tree species restricted to cloud forests and pine-oak forests of southern Mexico, Guatemala and possibly Honduras. Climate is believed to significantly contribute to the species establishment, viability and distribution. Insights into the impact of climate change on the species potential distribution throughout time were approached by ecological niche modeling tools. Location: Southern Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. Methods: Past (Last Interglacial 120-140 KA, Last Glacial Maximum 22 KA, Mid-Holocene 6 KA), historical (1910-2009) and future (2021-2040, 2041-2060, 2061-2080 and 2081-2100) potential distributions and corresponding environmental suitability were modelled using the Maximum Entropy algorithm. Current (historical) models were based on the most up to date historical environmental variables and constituted the baseline for past and future projections. Past predictions are revisited in a phylogeographic context. Future predictions were made for four different emissions scenarios. Results: Increase in potential distribution range comes about during cold and humid periods but higher suitability possibly relates to humid conditions. Potential distribution alongside environmental suitability diminishes during warm and dry periods. Future climate change implies warmer periods whence environmental suitability declines following a linear trend. Main conclusions: Future warmer conditions are predicted to linearly reduce environmental suitability throughout time. Biotic and anthropogenic factors further threaten the species distribution. Demographic trends and genetic diversity estimated through a recent phylogeographic study, complement the statement that populations viability is increasingly being threatened by current and future climate change, underscoring the need for the implementation of conservation actions.

Metabolic rate is a trait that can be hypothesized to evolve in response to a change in predation. In the current study, we address this question by utilising an invasive event by the predatory zooplankton Bythotrephes longimanus in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, US. This invasion dramatically impacted the prey Daphnia pulicaria, causing a ~60% decline in their biomass. Using a resurrection ecology approach, we compared the metabolic rate of D. pulicaria clones originating from prior to the Bythotrephes invasion with that of clones having evolved in the presence of Bythotrephes. We observed a 7.4% reduction in metabolic rate among post-invasive clones compared to pre-invasive clones. This change is in the opposite direction to what might be expected to evolve in response to increased predation. The evolution of a lower metabolic rate may instead be due to a habitat shift in the prey species into deeper and less productive waters and associated changes in the optimal metabolic rate.

Predicting the impacts of multiple stressors is important for informing ecosystem management, but is impeded by a lack of a general framework for predicting whether stressors interact synergistically, additively, or antagonistically. Here we use process-based models to study how interactions generalise across three levels of bio-logical organisation (physiological, population, and community) for a simulated two-stressor experiment on a seagrass model system. We found that the same underlying processes could result in synergistic, additive or antagonistic interactions, with interaction type depending on initial conditions, experiment duration, stressor dynamics, and consumer presence. Our results help explain why meta-analyses of multiple stressor experimental results have struggled to identify predictors of consistently non-additive interactions in the natural environment. Experiments run over longer temporal scales, with treatments across gradients of stressor magnitude, are needed to identify the processes that underpin how stressors interact and provide useful predictions to management.

In this research paper, the Homotopy Analysis Method is used to investigate the twodimensional electrical conduction of a magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) Jeffrey Fluid across a stretching sheet under various conditions, such as when electrical current and temperature are both present, and when heat is added in the presence of a chemical reaction or thermal radiation. Applying similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equation is transformed into terms of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The Homotopy Analysis Method is used to solve a system of ordinary differential equations. The impact of different numerical values on velocity, concentration, and temperature is examined and presented in tables and graphs. The fluid velocity reduces as the retardation time parameter(2) grows, while the fluid velocity inside the boundary layer increases as the Deborah number () increases. The velocity profiles decrease when the magnetic parameter M is increased. The results of this study are entirely compatible with those of a viscous fluid. The Homotopy Analysis Method calculations have been carried out on the PARAM Shavak high-performance computing (HPC) machine using the BVPh2.0 Mathematica tool.

Genetic diversity is the basis for population adaptation and long-term survival, yet rarely considered in biodiversity monitoring. One key issue is the need for useful and straightforward indicators of genetic diversity. To test newly proposed indicators, we monitored genetic diversity over 40 years (1970-2010) in metapopulations of brown trout inhabiting 27 small mountain lakes representing 10 water systems in central Sweden. Three of the indicators were previously proposed for broad, international use for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) context, while three others were recently elaborated for national use by a Swedish science-management effort and applied for the first time here. The Swedish indicators use molecular genetic data to monitor genetic diversity within and between populations and assess the effective population size (Ne). We used a panel of 96 SNPs and identified 29 discrete populations retained over time. Over 40 percent of the lakes harbored more than one population indicating that brown trout biodiversity hidden as cryptic, sympatric populations are more common than recognized. The Ne indicator showed values below the threshold (Ne≤500) in 20 populations with five showing Ne<100. Although statistically significant genetic diversity reductions occurred in several populations, they were mostly within proposed threshold limits. Metapopulation structure appears to buffer against diversity loss; when applying the indicators to metapopulations most indicators suggest an acceptable genetic status in all but one system. The CBD indicators agreed with the national ones but provided less detail. We propose that all indicators applied here are appropriate for monitoring genetic diversity within species.

At present, the development of high-performance protein imprinted materials is still a research hotspot in the field of protein imprinting. Herein, anti-protein adsorption segment (CBMA)-assisted self-driven BSA surface imprinted fibers MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with high recognition selectivity are pioneered using the strategies of combining magnetic nanomaterial surface imprinting technique with amino-Michael addition. The special structure of the carrier MTCFs endows MTCFs@SIP@CBMA with magnetic performance and self-driven adsorption performance, which simplifies the separation process while improving the adsorption capacity and accelerating the adsorption rate. The adsorption capacity for BSA reached 395.26 mg/g within 30 min. The introduction of CBMA segments on the surface after imprinting by amino-Michael addition makes its polymer chain length and position controllable. Under the strongest anti-nonspecific adsorption effect, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA exhibit excellent specific identification to BSA from mixed proteins. Additionally, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA show considerable reusability. Therefore, MTCFs@SIP@CBMA are expected to be applied in efficient separation of proteins in biological samples.

Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that can carry biomolecules of varying sizes across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. Correctly identifying CPPs is the basis for studying their functions and mechanisms. Here, we propose a novel CPP predictor that is able to predict CPPs and their uptake efficiency. In our method, five feature descriptors are applied to encode the sequence and compose a hybrid feature vector. Afterward, the wrapper + random forest algorithm is employed, which combines feature selection with the prediction process to find features that are crucial for identifying CPPs. The jackknife cross validation result shows that our predictor is comparable to state-of-the-art CPP predictors, and our method reduces the feature dimension, which improves computational efficiency and avoids overfitting, allowing our predictor to be adopted to identify large-scale CPP data.