In this study, some physico-chemical properties of oleogels containing conjugated linoleic acid (25-50% CLA) produced using beeswax (BW) were investigated. For this aim, sunflower oil containing CLA was mixed with a different proportion of BW, and oil binding capacity, centrifugal stability, color, X-ray diffraction, thermo-oxidative stability, textural and rheological analyses of the oleogels were undertaken. On the other hand, thiobarbituric acid and peroxide values of samples were determined during 120 days. As a result of the textural-rheological analysis, all of the samples have elastic behavior and were texturally very stable, homogenous and smooth in structure. In brief, CLA-enriched oleogels can be successfully used in the food industry with their suitable rheological properties. On the other hand, according to thermo-oxidative stability analysis, the increase in the ratio of CLA and BW caused a decrease in the Tonset and Tmax of the samples. Oxidation analyzes performed during 120 days showed that when CLA was used in the oleogel formula, oleogels that were more resistant to oxidation were obtained. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the products containing 25% and 50% CLA in terms of oxidation. Moreover, it was determined that the samples containing 50% CLA had less resistance to oxidation.

Hybridization can have a profound negative effect on population fitness when species exhibit divergence in adaptive traits. The Streamside salamander, Ambystoma barbouri, and the Smallmouth salamander, A. texanum, are closely related species differentiated primarily by breeding habitat and reproduction-related traits, but previous work suggests patterns of hybridization and introgression between them. Here we investigate whether 1) hybridization occurs between the two species in laboratory settings, 2) their divergent reproduction-related traits are retained under a common treatment, and 3) hybrid offspring exhibit similar fitness as their non-hybrid counterparts. We bred conspecific and heterospecific pairs of A. barbouri and A. texanum and raised hybrid and non-hybrid offspring to metamorphosis. Reproduction-related traits such as oviposition location and clutch size remained well differentiated between the two species. Heterospecific pairs hybridized readily, at similar rates to conspecific pairs. The hybrid larvae generally exhibited a maternal effect and, less frequently, intermediate phenotypes with respect to measured traits. Hybrid larvae did not exhibit reduced fitness as measured by survival to metamorphosis. Our results suggest that traits differentiating A. barbouri and A. texanum are likely genetically determined despite the lack of reproductive isolation between them. This suggests that the generally parapatric distribution of the two species, often paired with abrupt transition in traits, might be driven by selection on these traits in local habitats. Further, the maternal effect and consequent lack of intermediate phenotypes observed for several traits likely reduces the negative effect of hybridization in locally adapted populations.

Land resource inventory (LRI) of Kumarchincholi micro watershed was conducted on cadastral base map of 1:7920 and merged imagery of Cartosat-1 and LISS-IV to find out the Soil and land potential zones. With the help of surface and profile sample analysis, soil and land characterization was done to classify the soils into different soil series with their phase denoted as mapping units. Thematic layers such as soil texture, depth, slope; erosion, soil organic carbon and soil map were prepared on cadastral base map. By considering Storie rating of each parameter of a mapping unit, surface and subsurface features of soil and land were assigned with different weights as per Analytic Hierarchic Process (AHP). The soil and land potential zones were obtained by overlaying all the thematic maps as per weighted overlay methods using the spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.6.1 as High potential zone (419.95 ha) and Low potential zone (144.81 ha). Both the potential zones were assessed with crop suitability categories established based on LRI finding as S1, S2, S3 & N for major field and horticultural crops cultivated in the study area. Crops with S1 & S2 category were found falling under High potential zone. Whereas, crops with S2, S3 &N categories were found falling under Low potential zone. The outcome of the investigation aims to identify the soil and land potential zones at micro watershed level for each mapping unit, which can be scaled up to sub-watershed, where similar mapping units and conditions are prevailing.

This paper considers the inverse problem of determining the time-dependent coefficient in the time-fractional diffusion-wave equation. In this case, an initial boundary value problem was set for the fractional diffusion-wave equation, and an additional condition was given for the inverse problem of determining the coefficient from this equation. First of all, it was considered the initial boundary value problem. By the Fourier method, this problem is reduced to equivalent integral equations. Then, using the Mittag-Leffler function and the generalized singular Gronwall inequality, we get apriori estimate for solution via unknown coefficient which we will need to study of the inverse problem. The inverse problem is reduced to the equivalent integral of equation of Volterra type. The principle of contracted mapping is used to solve this equation. Local existence and global uniqueness results are proved. The stability estimate is also obtained.

Reproductive phenotypes are shaped by genetic, physiological and environmental variation that an organism experiences during ontogeny. Steroid hormones play an integrative role in this process through both genomic and non-genomic pathways. Differences in steroid hormone metabolism may be rooted in genomic variation. Here we evaluate the influence of supergene variants underlying alternative reproductive tactics on sex steroid metabolism during ontogeny in ruffs (Calidris pugnax). Adult ruff males exhibit three male mating morphs called Independents, Faeders and Satellites, that differ prominently in circulating androgen (testosterone and androstenedione) concentrations. Across morphs and sexes chicks showed similar mean androgen concentrations during ontogenetic development. However, variances in circulating androgens showed the same pattern as corresponding variances previously observed in adults. HSD17B2 had been previously identified as a key gene for mediating differences in androgen levels between morphs as it encodes the enzyme that converts testosterone to androstenedione and is located within the supergene. Observed HSD17B2 expression in embryonic brain tissue was consistent with predictions based on genetic and endocrine differences. Taken together, the observed differences in circulating androgen concentrations and gene expression point to testosterone synthesis as a key mechanism that shapes developmental trajectories and differences in brain organization among morphs.

Bladder prolapse is a rare condition in mares and may occur as a result of excessive straining during the parturition or in the postpartum period. We report a case of dystocia associated prolapse and incarceration of the small colon through the external urethral opening into a prolapsed urinary bladder. No previous reports of this condition were found. An 11-year-old Thoroughbred mare was presented to The Equine Hospital at the Jockey Club of Saudi Arabia for evaluation and treatment of dystocia. Prolapse of the urinary bladder was concomitantly diagnosed. Initial assessment deemed replacement of the urinary bladder in the normal position and vaginal delivery not possible. The mare was immediately prepared for caesarean section. The foal was successfully delivered and resuscitated. Detailed assessment of the bladder during the surgery revealed that the small colon had prolapsed through the external urethral opening and was inside the bladder. The urinary bladder was opened. The small colon was replaced into the abdominal cavity; a first surgeon gently replaced the small colon through the external urethral sphincter and a second surgeon retrieved the small colon by gentle traction. The mare recovered uneventfully from general anaesthesia. The mare and the foal were discharged from the hospital seventeen days post-operatively.

Even in cases of large myomatous uterus where laparoscopical resection is not feasible, it is still possible to perform the method of sentinel node with open surgical technique. We present the clinical image of a large myomatous uterus with endometrial cancer where sentinel node was performed succesffuly by laparotomy.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a gram-negative aerobic bacterium, which is rarely seen in community-acquired infection. Attention should be paid to its high mortality and invasive progress. X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIGM; HIGM1; OMIM:308230) is one type of primary immunodeficiency disease (PIDs), characterized by markedly decreased serum IgG, IgA, and IgE levels and normal or elevated serum IgM levels. We report a patient who developed a particularly severe community-acquired P. aeruginosa pneumonia-related septic shock, and a delayed diagnosis of X-linked hyper IgM syndrome was made by genome sequencing. Fatal community-acquired P. aeruginosa infections in children, including previously healthy children, should be considered to search for underlying PIDs by exome/genome sequencing.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease affecting multiple organ systems, including the liver, leading to cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD). It was noted that CFLD in Egyptian children with CF is more common than in non-Egyptian people with CF (pwCF). The present study aimed to determine the incidence of CFLD and the potential risk factors for developing CFLD in Egyptian children. The correlation between CFLD and the various genotypes prevalent in Egyptian CF children and the comparison of CFLD in Egyptian and non-Egyptian CF patients will be done. Methods: The current cross-sectional study included 50 CF cases from Ain Sham University’s Pediatric Pulmonology Clinic in Children‘s Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The sweat chloride test and genetic studies were done at the time of diagnosis. All patients’ caregivers provided informed consent. Additionally, all subjects underwent detailed history taking, laboratory investigations, clinical assessment, and pelviabdominal ultrasound for evaluation of hepatic involvement. Results: Male sex, severe genetic mutation (class I and II), long duration, and early onset of the disease were independent risk factors for CFLD development. In addition, pancreatic insufficiency, as well as meconium ileus history, were predictors of CFLD. Diabetes mellitus and severe lung disease were proven to significantly elevate the risk of CFLD development. Conclusion: CFLD is not uncommon in Egyptian CF patients as one-third of the patients were found to have liver affection. CF patients with multiple risk factors are at increased risk of developing liver disease.

Monitoring of Earth surface with the help of satellite images helps in land use land cover, resource planning & management, change detection and agricultural development areas. Satellites images are great repository of information and extraction of information from these unclear images is a challenging task. In order to identify the objects and boundaries in satellite images, various digital image based processing techniques like Sobel, Canny and Prewitt have been explored in this paper. Further, Ant Colony Optimization has been used to obtain the optimized images. Hybrid techniques viz.- AC0-Sobel, ACO-Canny and ACO-Prewitt are implemented and the results are quantitatively validated with the help of entropy and PIQE values of output optimized images. The results indicates that ACO-Canny hybrid technique yields better quality satellite images as compared to ACO-Sobel, ACO-Prewitt, Sobel, Canny and Prewitt edge detection techniques.

Anaplastic meningioma rarely involves organs outside the brain. In our case a patient with cerebral meningioma developed lung metastases after 19 years from the initial appearance. This unusual tumor presentation could make complex the diagnosis.

We report a case of a 10-year-old male who presented with hypertensive emergency in the setting of idiopathic bilateral renal artery stenosis with multiple renal arteries. After failed medical management, he underwent angioplasty of the bilateral superior renal arteries twice. This highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach in treatment.

The numerical parametric analysis conducted to analyze the impact of micro-blowing technique (MBT) hole-parameters are quite few at the present stage. This paper aims to analyze the effects of micro blowing and its different hole-parameters on the skin friction drag reduction of an engine nacelle operating at cruise conditions. The primary task is to observe the flow behavior at the vicinity of the holes. The interaction between main-stream and micro-channel flow is solved, using the RANS equation and k-omega SST is used to model the turbulent flow at the wall region. The hole-pattern is aligned in a single-row channel and the hole cross-section shape is kept straight to obtain an overall simplicity of the model. The influences of the micro blowing are visible from the simulation results, as there is a significant reduction in the velocity gradient between the solid nacelle surface and all the MBT configurations. The porous nacelle surface with zero blowing velocity has less friction drag than of its solid surface, implying that the presence of the holes possesses low effective surface roughness. The optimum friction drag reduction is observed when the geometrical attributes of the holes possess small diameter and high aspect ratio.

The exponential rise in the incidence of peri-mitral flutter has paralleled the increasing use of more extensive atrial substrate ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). Given the relative paucity of randomised evidence to support its role in AF management, mitral isthmus ablation should largely be reserved for patients with peri-mitral flutter. Catheter ablation for peri-mitral flutter is challenging due to complex anatomic relationships. The aim of this report is to review the anatomic considerations and approaches to catheter ablation for peri-mitral flutter.

The role of ISG15 (Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15) is becoming increasingly acknowledged in cancer, pathogen infection and inflammatory immune diseases. ISG15 expression increases in human psoriatic skin, and genetic mutations of ISG15 cause dermatological alterations. Here, we show that ISG15 deficiency leads to reduced inflammation and swelling in a murine model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Bone marrow transplantation and adoptive transfer approaches demonstrate that ISG15 alters dendritic cell (DC) responses in the ACD mouse model. Consistently, Isg15-deficient DCs secrete reduced amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-12. This study opens new avenues to potentiate immunotherapies to treat immune-related dermatological disorders.

Background：It is controversial whether colorectal cancer (CRC) impacts intestinal microbial alpha (α) diversity, and although some studies have suggested an association between intestinal microbiota and cancer risk, few have been used as a marker for CRC diagnosis. Methods：By searching PubMed and BioProject databases, we reanalysed published raw 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences and metadata. We calculated α-diversity indices, screened the differentially enriched genera and species shared among different studies, identified potential CRC markers, and finally assessed the overall trend of these indices. Results：The pooled analysis showed that based on the fixed-effects model, α-diversity of the cancer group was lower than that of the non-cancer group, and there was significant heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was significantly reduced or eliminated when grouped by geographic region, study scope, and sequencing platform. We also found an association between gut microbiota and CRC. The genera Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Gemella Campylobacter, and Peptostreptococcus were only enriched in the cancer group, while Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, and Fusicatenibacter were dominant in the non-cancer group. At the same time, we also provide some evidence that Fusobacterium, Gemella, Faecalibacterium, and Subdoligranulum have diagnostic value in several studies and may be potential diagnostic markers of CRC. Conclusions： This analysis indicates an association between CRC and microbiota composition, and microbial markers could be used as diagnostic indicators of CRC. However, future studies should include more cohorts and wide sample sizes to identify the role of the different microbiota in CRC.

• Background: Vertigo / dizziness is a common problem encountered in clinical practice. It is described in different ways by each patient. Hence, it becomes difficult for the clinician to interpret and manage dizziness suffered by the patients. • Objective: To study demographics, types of vertigo / dizziness, its impact on the quality of life and management in a UAE otolaryngology clinic • Method: This is a retrospective, observational, descriptive study of patients presenting with dizziness in our medical facility, between September 2019 to March 2022. • Result: In the present study, 58.61% of the patients were male. Average age of the study population was 42.69 years. Vertigo/spinning type of dizziness was the most reported symptom. Most reported associated symptom was nausea, and the trigger was ‘head movement’. 56.30% of the study population was diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Most used diagnostic tool was Dix-Hallpike maneuver, and the management method was particle repositioning maneuver. The average baseline Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score was 19.37 (± 13.46), which reduced to 9.22 (±10.94) three weeks after treatment (p value <0.0001). • Conclusion: Vertigo / dizziness related to peripheral causes accounts for a significant proportion of cases in routine otolaryngology practice. From our study we can easily conclude that vertigo / dizziness related disorders negatively affect QOL. Proper diagnosis and management would help to improve the symptoms and QOL. Simple office-based, patient-oriented detail history taking, and clinical examination is important in the diagnosis and management of the dizziness. History taking or questions should focus on the type of dizziness, associated features, duration, and triggers which would help in pinpointing differential diagnosis and the management. Red flags like focal neurological signs should be taken seriously and investigated further. Keywords: Dizziness, vertigo, Dix-Hallpike maneuver, particle repositioning maneuver, DHI

Two different radial solids concentration distributions in downer have been reported, i.e. the ˄ shape combining with reverse-core-annulus and the core-annulus structures. The occurrence of these two patterns has not been quantitatively interpreted. In this paper, the aerodynamic theory is used in two-phase flow analysis. A transverse force on the particles, i.e. the Kutta-Joukowski transverse force, is introduced to explain and quantify the formations of these two radial solids concentration distributions in downer. This force is the function of the particle velocity gradient, the slip velocity and the gas density. Based on the available experimental data proposed in the published literatures, the distribution of the Kutta-Joukowski transverse force in downer is discussed. The results show that this force is the main factor for these two profiles occurrence.

Urban climate model evaluation often remains limited by a lack of trusted urban weather observations. The increasing density of personal weather stations (PWS) make them a potential rich source of data for urban climate studies that address the lack of representative urban weather observations. In our study, we demonstrate that PWS data not only improve urban climate models’ evaluation, but can also serve for bias-correcting their output prior to any urban climate impact studies. After simulating near-surface air temperatures over London and south-east England during the hot summer of 2018 with the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model and its Building Effect Parameterization with the Building Energy Model (BEP-BEM) activated, we evaluated the modelled temperatures against 407 urban PWS and showcased a heterogeneous spatial distribution of the model’s cool bias that was not captured using official weather stations only. This finding indicated a need for spatially-explicit urban bias corrections of air temperatures, which we performed using an innovative method using machine learning to predict the models’ biases in each urban grid cell. Our technique is the first to consider that urban temperatures are heterogeneously accurate in space and that this accuracy is not linearly correlated to the urban fraction. Our results showed that the bias-correction was beneficial to bias-correct daily-minimum, -mean, and -maximum temperatures in the cities. We recommend that urban climate modellers further investigate the use of PWS for model evaluation and derive a framework for bias-correction of urban climate simulations that can serve urban climate impact studies.

Carbon emissions trading is regarded as an effective method that can consider both power economy and low-carbon environmental protection, bringing new features to the conventional multi-microgrid (MMG) day-ahead dispatch. In this paper, a robust decentralized energy management framework for monitoring a collaborative structure of gas turbines (GT), gas boilers (GB), ground source heat pumps (GSHP), energy storage (ES), and electrolyzers for a microgrid (MG) in the presence of power-to-gas (P2G) and carbon capture systems is proposed (CCS). Demand response (DR) is presented as a means of improving the system’s flexibility to multiple energy demands. As MMG are sensitive to price fluctuations, the robust optimization model can manage uncertainty by considering the worst-case scenario for trading prices at varying conservative levels. The Kalman filter (KF) distributed algorithm based on iteration is utilized to decompose the dispatch problem to minimize the total daily overhead of the MMG system while protecting the privacy of MG data. In conclusion, the simulation results demonstrate the ability of the proposed decentralized model to meet the demand for electricity and heat under the worst-case scenario of electricity pricing.

The infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria (G+) have seriously endangered public heath due to their high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a multifunctional system for selective recognition, imaging and efficient eradication of G+. Aggregation-induced emission materials (AIEgens) have shown great promise for microbial detection and antimicrobial therapy. In this paper, a multifunctional ruthenium (II) polypyridine complex Ru2 with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic, was developed and used for selective discrimination and synergistic extermination of G+ from other bacteria with unique selectivity. The selective G+ recognition benefited from the interaction between LTA and Ru2. Accumulation of Ru2 on G+ membrane turned on its AIE lumienscence and allowed specific G+ staining. Meanwhile, it also possessed robust antibacterial activity for G+ in vitro and in vivo antibacterial experiments attributing to the synergistic chemotherapeutic and photodynamic therapeutic effects. To the best of our knowledge, Ru2 is the first Ru-based AIEgen photosensitizer for simultaneous dual applications of G+ detection and treatment, and inspire the development of promising antibacterial agents in the future.

Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have been treated as one kind of the most important materials utilized in applications including organic light-emitting diodes, sensors, biological therapies, and so on, owing to the intense emission in aggregated states. However, the optical performance of AIEgens seems do not simply abide by the empirical principle that the expanded π-conjugated molecular conformations acquire the emission with lower energy. The unexpected photophysical properties of AIEgens make molecular conformation design more difficult. Herein, to unveil the crucial factors dominating the optical performance of AIEgens, a series of diphenyldibenzofulvene (DPDBF) derivatives in crystals are utilized. After systematically analyzing the impact factors including molecular conformation parameters and intermolecular coupling, and further discussing with the calculation results by Gaussian 16, the emission energy of DPDBF derivatives in crystals is assigned to the tight connection with the conformation of the planar π-conjugated segment, but not the conformation torsion of phenyl blades or the intermolecular coupling. Although the expanded π-conjugated molecular conformation of the mentioned DPDBF derivatives does decline the energy gap between HOMO to LUMO to some degree, the Stokes shift effect which is dominantly impacted by the conformation of planar π-conjugated moiety can realize to adjust the emission energy in a much more efficient way.

Lecture to the students-reviewers of the Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal, November 2022.

The Sun reveals itself in the 386–2.439-nHz (1-mo–13-yr) band of polar (φsun>|70°|) fast (>700 km s^−1) solar wind’s decade-scale dynamics as a globally completely vibrating/resonating magnetoalternator and not just a proverbial engine anymore. Thus North–South separation of hourly-averaged, 1994–2008 Ulysses samplings of the <10 nT polar winds in ~1.6·10^7 –2.5·10^9-erg energies revealed spectral signatures of a ≥99%-significant Sun-borne global differential resonant activity, verified across disparate data. Confirming the Alfvén’s view on a Sun globally resonating under its Ps=~11-yr Schwabe mode, this Alfvén (a-mode) resonance (AR) comprising Rossby-like r-modes and cavity-confined R-modes, is governed by Ps at a remarkable ~25% field variance northside, a ~9-yr degeneration of Ps at ~20% southside, and a ~10-yr degeneration of Ps under equatorial mixing. While composing the PG∈~(88–100-yr) Gleissberg cycle, the 9–10–11-yr sector coupling also co-triggers AR, Pi=Ps/i, i=2…n, n ∈ א, imprinted in the fast winds at least to the order n=100. The overwhelming (anisotropy moderating) and deterministic (with Φ>>12 fidelity) AR is accompanied by a most useful symmetrical antiresonance, P(-), whose both N/S tailing harmonics P(-)17 are the well-known 154-day Rieger period, from which the couplings-freed Rieger resonance sprouts as wind’s own. Thus the Sun is a typical, ~3-dB-attenuated ring system of differentially rotating and contrarily vibrating conveyor belts and layers, with a continuous spectrum of modes, patterns complete in both parities, and resolution better than 81.3 nHz (S) and 55.6 nHz (N) in lowermost frequencies (≲2μHz in most modes). Unlike a resonating car engine that tries but fails to separate its fixed casing, the resonating free Sun exhausts the wind in a shake-off alongside the rotational axis. AR advances standard stellar models, agrees with laboratory experiments for enhanced studies of the Sun interior and heliosphere, and can explain the million-degree corona and solar abundance.