Compared with straw return to the field, whether straw removal was a safer production measure in cadmium (Cd) contaminated paddy fields? In this study, the influence of different amounts of rice straw removal on rice growth, photosynthesis, Cd accumulation and uptake in rice, and soil Cd availability at different growth periods, as well as brown rice safety and quality, were evaluated through a field trial, and all rice straw and roots returned to the paddy were used as controls (CK). The results showed that although straw removal decreased photosynthetic pigment content in rice leaves, which affecting rice growth. The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in the removal of 100% rice straw and 100% roots treatment declined by 36.72% and 22.74%, respectively, relative to the control at booting stage,and the biomass of brown rice at the maturation stage was also significantly reduced by 22.77%. However, straw removal reduced the bioavailability of Cd in soil and accumulation and uptake of Cd in rice. At the maturation stage, soil available Cd content under the treatment of removal 100% rice straw and roots was significantly reduced by 40.39%, DOC and Cd concentrations in pore water were significantly decreased by 66.54% and 76.44%, and the Cd content of brown rice in all straw removal treatments decreased by 24.79%, indicating that the reduction of complexation of DOC and Cd through straw removal treatments is also one of the important reasons for decreasing of Cd accumulation in rice. The nutritional components (such as essential amino acids) of brown rice were slightly influenced by all the straw removal treatments, the ecological risk of soil Cd was significantly reduced. Therefore, straw removal may be an effective measure for reducing Cd uptake by rice in Cd-contaminated paddies.

In this article, a fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) method is presented for a wind energy conversion system (WECS) with variable-speed direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) under both normal and fault conditions. Under normal operation of the system, the machine side converter (MSC) is employed to meet maximum power point tracking (MPPT) requirements of the wind turbine and the grid side converter (GSC) controls the DC-link voltage and the injected reactive. Under fault condition, to meet grid code obligations, such as low voltage ride through (LVRT), the MSC adjusts the DC-link voltage instead of the GSC. Meanwhile, the active and reactive powers are controlled by the GSC. Moreover, the suggested control method is compared to the conventional control system. The results depicted that the proposed control approach has better faster dynamic response and robustness under both balanced and unbalanced condition. In addition, improving LVRT capability and injecting reactive power, the suggested control method results in smaller spikes in the injected current and DC link voltage. For the sake of further validation, simulations are run in offline MATLAB/Simulink simulation. Then, the results have been validated via experimental real-time implementation.

Strategically managing livestock grazing in arid regions optimizes land use and curtails the damage caused by overcultivation. Controlled grazing preserves soil quality and fosters sustainability despite resource limitations. Uneven resource distribution can lead to diverse grazing patterns and land degradation, particularly in undulating terrains. In this study of a complex desert landscape encompassing dunes and interdunes, we developed a herbivore foraging algorithm based on a Resource Selection Function model. Our findings reveal that cattle prefer areas with abundant vegetation and proximity to water sources while avoiding higher elevations. However, abundant resource availability mitigated these impacts and enhanced the role of water points, particularly during late grazing periods. In summary, resource-driven decisions influence livestock grazing patterns, indicating that effective management should prioritize resource-based strategies such as enhancing food resources near water points as vegetation declines. Further, thoughtful water source placement and the subdivision of pastures into areas with varied terrain are crucial considerations.

We obtain, by generalizing the extension of the continuous theorem of Ge and Ren and constructing suitable Banach spaces and operators, two results about the existence of solutions for fractional differential equations with resonant p-Laplacian and functional boundary conditons. Meanwhile, the dimension of the kernel for a fractional differential operator with boundary conditions is two, which generalises and enrichs some known results. An novel example is also given to illustrate the existence theorem. Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 34A08; Secondary 34B15

A wound is an injury of the living tissue in the body and its integrity is compromised. The wound repair process consists of four overlapping stages: homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. In this paper we propose a model for the formation of the provisional matrix in the proliferation and maturation stages. This model assumes that the cells and other factors are uniformly distributed and is based on a system of six ordinary differential equations. The real processes are very complex but the presented model includes the main assumptions and uses the parameter values found in the medical literature. Experimental values of the parameters are hard to obtain so a global sensitivity analysis is performed to determine which parameters cause the largest variations in the solutions. Numerical simulations are performed but since the reported data has large variations a system of stochastic differential equations is also introduced and solved numerically. The models can help test hypotheses about how the different species interact, and their relative importance.

Delay Differential Equations (DDEs) are differential equations with time delays, which are used in various life sciences disciplines like population dynamics, epidemiology, immunology and physiology. These models are used to analyze and predict phenomena, such as the duration of latent processes like the life cycle, infection, and immune response. The dynamics of a system at a given moment in time are influenced by its previous history or memory, increasing the complexity of the system and improving the dynamics of a differential model. Fractional models of DDEs have been used to explore various phenomena, such as brain networking, population dynamics, and physiology. This study investigates the numerical approximations of the Nonlinear Fractional Pantograph Delay Differential Equation (NFPDDE) using the Fractional Novel Analytical Scheme (FNAS) and optimization procedures based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA), referred as Fractional Novel Analytical Genetic Algorithm (FNAGA). The FNAGA is used to optimize an error-based fitness function constructed through fractional delay differential equations. The Conformable fractional derivative T η is taken into consideration. To implement the proposed methodology, an error analysis is conducted. The solution behavior of NFPDDEs is also shown graphically at different values of η. The findings of the FNAGA are contrasted with those of the FNAS, indicating that the newly developed algorithm exhibits rapid convergence, produces precise solutions, and demonstrates enhanced accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving the synchronization objective is demonstrated through simulations and can be easily applied to various fractional models.

Tectonic and/or climatic perturbations can drive drainage adjustment. The capture events, significantly changing the river network topology, are the major events in river network evolution. While they could be identified through field observations and provenance analysis, reconstructing this evolution process and pinpointing the capture time remain challenging. Following a capture event, the steady-state elevation of the captor river will be much lower than that of the beheaded river. Then, the newly-formed drainage divide will migrate towards the beheaded river, a process also known as river-channel reversal. The migration of the newly-formed drainage divide provides a new perspective for identifying the reorganization of the river network. Here, we employ numerical modeling to reproduce the characteristic phenomena of drainage-divide migration following capture events and analyze the effects of different parameters on the migration rate. We find that (1) the migration of newly-formed drainage divides can last for tens of millions of years, with the migration rate decreasing exponentially over time; (2) larger captured area, higher uplift rate, and lower erosional coefficient, all of which cause a higher cross-divide difference in steady-state elevation, will cause higher migration rate of the newly-formed drainage divide. This insight was further applied to the Dadu-Anning and Yarlung-Yigong capture events. We predict the present Dadu-Anning drainage divide would further migrate ~65–92 km southward to reach a steady state in tens of millions of years. The Yarlung-Yigong capture event occurred in the early-middle Cenozoic, which implies that the late-Cenozoic increased exhumation rate is not related to the capture event.

Equitable water allocation in real-world irrigation systems is hampered by supply fluctuations, posing a significant challenge to the goal of promoting fairness among consumers. In this paper, we concern ourselves with the limits of equity achievable for any water allocation scheme across the entire spectrum of water supply conditions. In the process, we develop a typology of canonical water allocation mechanisms that categorizes mechanisms w.r.t. the distribution of fulfilled demand across the users. Adopting specific notions of supply reliability and distribution equity, we derive the theoretical performance limits for all canonical mechanisms and extend the analysis to arbitrary allocation mechanisms. We show that for any value of supply reliability, the best possible equity is realized by mechanisms that uniformly distribute water among users, whereas the worst possible equity is associated with mechanisms that prioritize the demand of some users before allocating water to others. We also show that any intermediate equity level can be realized by adjusting the initial entitlements prior to allocating water to fulfill demands, in an approach we categorize as hybrid allocation. We parameterize the performance boundaries for such allocation schemes based on the fraction of supply allocated to initial entitlements. We discuss how this parameter can serve as a policy tool to balance the goals of equitable water access with other system-level objectives. In the end, we complement the analytical results with numerical simulations of a selected agricultural district from a real-world irrigation system and speculate about the application of our study to large-scale hierarchical systems.

A document by Michal Ostrowski. Click on the document to view its contents.

Background: Evidence on the effects of residential green spaces on asthma is contradictory. We investigated potential association between the amount of greenness in the residential area during pregnancy and early life and development of asthma in the first 27 years of life. Methods: The study population included all 2568 members of the Espoo Cohort Study, Finland. We calculated individual-level exposure to green space measured as cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (cumNDVI in unit-months) within 300 m of the participant’s residence during pregnancy and the first two years of life in both spring and summer seasons. The onset of asthma was assessed using information from the baseline and follow-up surveys. Results: Exposure to residential greenness in the spring season during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of asthma up to 6 years of age, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 3.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-12.47) per a unit increase in cumNDVI. Increased greenness in the summer during pregnancy associated with asthma with an aHR of 1.41 (95% CI 0.85-2.32) up to 6 years. The effect was found to be related to increased greenness particularly during the third trimester of pregnancy, with an aHR of 2.37 (95% CI 1.36-4.14) per unit increase of cumNDVI. These associations were weaker at the ages of 12 and 27 years. No association was found between NDVI in the first two years of life and the development of asthma. Discussion: Our findings provide evidence that exposure to greenness during pregnancy increases the risk of developing asthma.

Introduction: Studies have identified a greater risk of loss of the ability to detect some sound frequencies in individuals with COPD compared to healthy individuals, but it is unclear whether they are at increased risk of hearing loss with impaired speech recognition. The aim of this study was to assess whether COPD is associated with hearing loss that affects speech recognition. Methods: This is a case-control study. We screened consecutive individuals attending a scheduled spirometry test requested by physicians from any of the 42 public health facilities in the municipality of Jundiai. We enrolled two groups, a test group of individuals with COPD and an age-matched control group composed of individuals with asthma. The selected individuals attended an appointment with a chest physician, responded questionnaires and underwent tonal and vocal audiometry. Binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender, BMI and comorbidities evaluated whether COPD was associated with reduced speech recognition Results: We enrolled 36 individuals with COPD and 72 with asthma. Individuals with COPD were more likely to have a reduced speech recognition compared to asthmatic individuals [Reduced recognition of three-syllable words: adjusted OR 3.72, 95 CI (1.38 - 10.02)] [Reduced recognition of monosyllable words: adjusted OR 4.74, 95 CI (1.52 - 14.76)]. Conclusions: Individuals with COPD from primary and secondary healthcare facilities have at least 38% greater risk of hearing loss with reduced speech recognition compared to an age-matched control group of individuals with asthma.

Purpose: Tongue base reduction surgery is the only minimally invasive technique that can be performed under local anesthesia as an outpatient procedure, especially to treat obstructive sleep apnea caused by hypopharyngeal obstruction.Studies reported that various devices could be used for tongue base reduction, but comparisons of these methods are limited in the literature. Our study aimed to compare the histological effects of tongue base reduction methods performed with the Celon radiofrequency, monopolar cautery, Coblator, and Sutter devices on the tissue. Methods: This study included 23 female rats (aged 4–8 months). Rats were divided into 5 groups. Tongue base reduction was performed with monopolar cautery in the first group(5 rats), with radiofrequency in the second group(5 rats), with the Coblator in the third group(5 rats), and with the Sutter in the fourth group(5 rats). The fifth group was the control group which consisted of 3 rats. The rats tongues were resected for histological examination 1 week after procedures. Results: While the highest amount of fibrosis was seen in the Sutter group, fibrosis was also higher in the Coblator group. A significant difference was observed in all groups when compared with the control group regarding tissue thickness. While the average tissue thicknesses of the monopolar, rf, and Coblator groups were almost the same, the highest tissue reduction, was in the Sutter group. Conclussion: Although we observed that all the methods we used were safe, the method that caused the most fibrosis and tissue reduction was the Sutter.

The aims of the current review were to identify, in the context of people with acquired communication disorders: factors which influence medication adherence, current interventions targeting medication adherence, and how medication adherence is currently measured. This study was conducted and reported in accordance with both PRISMA and SWiM guidelines. Two authors independently screened the results of a literature search, assessed risk of bias, and extracted relevant data. Eight studies were identified for inclusion. Four of the studies presented information relating to current interventions which target medication adherence for people with acquired communication disorders. Four of the studies investigated factors which influence medication adherence for people with acquired communication disorders. Seven of these eight studies outlined methods used for measuring medication adherence. The results of this review indicate that patient related factors are most associated with medication non-adherence in a population with acquired communication disorders, followed by socio-economic factors and medication-related factors. Despite the recognised importance of medication adherence, no gold standard of assessment or intervention currently exist for this population. Half of the included studies replaced patients with communication difficulties with caregiver proxies, thus reducing opportunities for patients to participate meaningfully in research. The term “acquired communication disorders” encompasses a range of conditions with diverse aetiologies, presentations, and needs, and future research should be tailored to specific patient groups most at risk of medication non-adherence, namely those with aphasia and cognitive-communication impairments. Patients should be empowered to participate in future research to ensure the literature accurately represents their lived experience.

Genomes from yeast to human are subject to pervasive transcription. A single round of pervasive transcription is sufficient to alter local chromatin conformation, nucleosome dynamics and gene expression, but experimentally is can be hard to distinguish from background signals. Size selected native elongating transcript sequencing (ssNET-Seq) was developed to precisely map transcription units (TU) independent of expression levels. RNAPII-associated nascent transcripts are fractionation into different size ranges before library construction. When anchored to the transcription start sites (TSS) of annotated genes, the combined pattern of the output metagenes define the expected reference pattern for a TU. Bioinformatic pattern matching to the reference identified 9542 TU in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, of which 47% are coding and 53% are non-coding. 3113 (33%) are newly identified unannotated non-coding TU. Anchoring all TU to the TSS or polyadenylation site (PAS) of annotated coding regions reveals distinctive architectures of linked pairs of divergent TU approximately 200nt apart. The Reb1 transcription factor is enriched 30nt downstream of the PAS only when an upstream (TSS-60nt) non-coding TU co-occurs with a downstream (TSS+150nt) coding TU and supports nucleosome depletion in the generation of the pervasive nascent transcriptome. The potential for extensive transcriptional interference is evident from low abundance unannotated TUs with variable TSS (median-240nt) initiating within a 500nt window upstream of, and transcribing over, the promoters of protein coding genes. This study confirms a highly interleaved yeast genome with different types of transcription units altering the chromatin landscape in distinctive ways, with the potential to exert extensive regulatory control.

Elevated concentrations of arsenic, lithium and boron in drinking water have already been reported in the Bolivian Andes. Arsenic causes genotoxicity but that caused by lithium and boron is less well known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between arsenic, lithium and boron exposure and genotoxicity, while taking genetic susceptibility into account. Women (n=230) were recruited in ten villages around Lake Poopó. Arsenic exposure was determined as the sum of concentrations of arsenic metabolites (iAs,  MMA, and DMA) in urine. Exposure to lithium and boron was determined based on their concentrations in urine. Genetic susceptibility was determined by GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes and AS3MT rs3740393,. Genotoxicity (DNA strand breaks) was measured peripheral blood by the comet assay. Median arsenic, lithium, and boron concentrations were 60 µg/L, 989 µg/L, and 3929 µg/L, respectively. GSTM1 and GSTT1 null carriers showed more DNA strand breaks than gene carriers (p=0.008, p=0.005). We found no correlation between urinary arsenic and DNA strand breaks (rS=0.03, p=0.64), and only a weak non-significant positive association in the multivariate analysis (β=0.09, p=0.14). Unexpectedly, increasing concentrations of lithium in urine were negatively correlated with DNA strand breaks (rS=-0.24, p=0.0006), and the association persisted in multivariate analysis after adjusting for arsenic (β=-0.22, p=0.003). We found no association between boron and DNA strand breaks. The lack of genotoxic effect of arsenic could be associated with the specific metabolic adaptation to arsenic previously reported in this population. The apparent protective effect of lithium against genotoxicity merits further investigation.

Berman et al. (2023) estimated density-impact functions for three of the impacts of feral horse populations in the Australian Alps National Parks. They identified a threshold of 250 faecal piles ha-1, which they equated to 9 feral horses km-2, below which the authors concluded that horses could be retained with minimum impact. This critique examines the study’s measures of impact, and its statistical procedures and reporting. We conclude that there are many reasons for caution about the use of the results and that the recommended management threshold of 9 feral horses km-2 should be disregarded.

Species Distribution Model (SDM) is a useful tool for conserving rare species. However, the ‘rare species modeling paradox’ presents challenges in modeling the rarest species, such as Corybas species, which have a narrow distribution and are known only from a few localities, making them difficult to model using conventional methods. An Approximate SDM (ASDMs) method was developed specifically for these species, employing a subtraction formula weighted by niche overlap metrics. This method was created in the hope that other rare species with between 5-20 occurrence records could also be modeled in the future. Our ASDMs demonstrated a good fit with directly modeled SDMs and successfully predicted the distributions of rare species with very few occurrence records. Hence, ASDMs present a promising and user-friendly approach for modeling potential distributions of rare species.

Interactions between species, such as seed-dispersal interactions, can shape many aspects of those species' life, as well as ecological patterns and evolutionary dynamics. Yet, sampling interactions in the field is challenging. Even with extensive sampling efforts we can hardly obtain a comprehensive picture of which species interact with each other. Such missing interactions can produce important gaps that affect how we perceive and interpret the network formed by species interactions and the roles of individual species within those networks. In this study we propose two methods that combine data on species interactions with information on species traits and phylogenies to estimate potentially missing interactions. We use one of the largest datasets on plant-frugivore interactions, depicting thousands of interactions between birds and plants in the Atlantic Forest hotspot, to test those methods and analyze how adding newly estimated interactions change the structure and the topological importance of the species within the seed dispersal network. We show that estimated missing interactions more than tripled the number of interactions in the network and impact the general topological properties of the network increasing nestedness and reducing modularity. Both models generated networks with a similar structure and were effective in estimating new interactions, accurately predicting known interactions without overestimating interactions in place of true absences. More importantly, added interactions changed our perception on the topological role of species, with several under-sampled species earning several interactions and becoming more central to network structure. This shows that estimating interactions can be helpful to get a more complete idea of how a network may look like and may help inform which interactions should be focused on in further sampling efforts.

Deterministic and stochastic factors shape ecological communities. However, a quantitative synthesis of the factors underlying the balance among different assembly processes is lacking. Here, we synthesized data from 149 datasets covering major biotic groups and ecosystem types globally. We used a null model approach based on Raup-Crick dissimilarities and Bayesian meta-regression to analyze the data. We found that communities were more under homogeneous selection than heterogeneous selection across biotic taxa and ecosystems. Environment selected species homogeneously more often at small scales while heterogeneously more often at large scales. Stochasticity also showed scale-dependence as stochastic community assembly increased with study scale. Homogeneous and heterogeneous selection were strongest at high latitudes while stochastic factors were strongest in tropics. Marine systems had the highest degree of homogeneous selection and the lowest stochasticity. We provide the first analysis of community assembly across taxa and ecosystems which should be important for a better understanding of how communities respond to environmental change.

Plant-associated microbes play a key role in mediating the relationship between plant diversity and productivity. However, previous studies have generally focused on a sole microbial guild (i.e. plant-beneficial microbes or pathogens), and on either aboveground or belowground microbes. As a result, the interplay among different microbial guilds and the overall impact of above- and belowground microbes on plant diversity-productivity relationships have rarely been investigated. Here we carried out an experiment where we applied microbial inocula collected from leaves and soils in the field onto plant leaves and soil in a greenhouse experiment with a herbaceous plant community. We showed that microbial inoculation of leaves reduced plant productivity and this negative effect was weaker at higher plant diversity, which promoted positive diversity-productivity relationships through complementarity effects. In contrast, microbial inoculation of soil alone had no impact on plant diversity-productivity relationships, but it counteracted the negative effects of leaf inoculum on plant productivity and weakened the leaf microbe-induced positive diversity-productivity relationships. We found that the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Streptomyces bacteria increased when soil microbes were inoculated, and such increase was more significant at lower plant diversity, potentially explaining the effects of soil inoculation on plant productivity. These results suggest that the belowground plant beneficial microbes can counteract the effect of aboveground plant pathogens in mediating positive plant diversity-productivity relationships. Simultaneous study of plant-pathogenic and -beneficial microbes both above- and belowground is required to better understand the contributions of plant-associated microbes to biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships.

Proton exchange-membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a clean and efficient type of energy storage device. However, the sluggish reaction rate of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been a significant problem in its development. This review reports the recent progress of advanced electrocatalysts focusing on the interface/surface electronic structure and exploring the synergistic relationship of precious-based and non-precious metal-based catalysts and support materials. The support materials contain non-metal (C/N/Si, etc.) and metal-based structures, which have demonstrated a crucial role in the synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic properties, especially for high-temperature fuel cell systems. To improve the strong interaction, some exciting synergistic strategies by doping and coating heterogeneous elements or connecting polymeric ligands containing carbon and nitrogen were also shown herein. Besides the typical role of the crystal surface, phase structure and lattice strain, etc, the evolution of structure-performance relations was also highlighted in real-time tests. The advanced in-situ characterization techniques were also reviewed to emphasize the accurate structure-performance relations. Finally, the challenge and prospect for developing the ORR electrocatalysts were concluded for commercial applications in low- and high-temperature fuel cell systems.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, with incidence expected to increase by more than 46% by 2040. Breast cancer is classified into various subtypes based on the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 (ERBB2). These subtypes have huge differences in both treatment and prognosis. TNBC (triple-negative breast cancer) is the most lethal among breast cancer subtypes. Pyroptosis is a programmed pro-inflammatory cell death mechanism leading to the formation of membrane pores mediated by gasdermin (GSDM) proteins. I first explored how the transcript levels of gasdermin family of genes (GSDMA-E and PJVK) differ between TNBC and non-TNBC. I found that the expression of GSDMC and GSDME is increased; but, the expression of GSDMD is decreased in TNBC compared with non-TNBC. I further investigated ER-, PR-, and HER2-dependent changes in the expression of GSDMC, GSDMD and GSMDE. I observed decreased GSDMC mRNA expression in breast tumors with ER-positive and PR-positive status than in those with ER-negative and PR-negative status, respectively. In contrast, HER2-positive breast tumors have higher expression of GSDMC compared to HER2-negative breast tumors. Unlike GSDMC, the expression of GSDMD was higher in ER-positive and PR-positive breast cancer samples than in ER-negative and PR-negative samples, respectively. I found that GSDME expression is lower in ER-positive breast tumors compared to ER-negative breast tumors. Lastly, I showed that breast tumors from premenopausal women have slightly higher transcript levels of GSDME than breast tumors from postmenopausal women. Combined, this study points to the possible differences in pyroptotic cell death between TNBC and non-TNBC, and also between different breast cancer subgroups based on receptor status (ER, PR or HER2).

In this work, we reported a series of monolithic 3D-printed Ni-Mo alloy electrodes for highly efficient water splitting at high current density (1500 mA cm-2) with excellent stability, which provides a solution to scale up Ni-Mo catalysts for HER to industry use. All possible Ni-Mo metal/alloy phases were achieved by tuning the atomic composition and heat treatment procedure, and they were investigated through both experiment and simulation, and the optimal NiMo phase shows the best performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate that the NiMo phase has the lowest H2O dissociation energy, which further explains the exceptional performance of NiMo. In addition, the microporosity was modulated via controlled thermal treatment, indicating that the 1100 C sintered sample has the best catalytic performance，which is attributed to the high electrochemical surface area (ECSA). Finally, the 4 different macrostructures were achieved by 3D printing, and they further improved the catalytic performance. The gyroid structure exhibits the best catalytic performance of driving 500 mA cm-2 at a low overpotential of 228 mV and 1500 mA cm-2 at 325 mV as it maximizes the efficient bubble removal from the electrode surface, which offers the great potential for high current density water splitting.

As wearable electronics and medical implants evolve, there is an increasing demand for protective devices that provide both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and heating capabilities while operating at weaker voltages to accommodate various power sources. Herein, a simple, cost-friendly, step-by-step vacuum-assisted filtration method is utilized to prepare asymmetrical layered “MXene-MXene@Silver nanowires-MXene-Silver nanowires (AgNWs)” hybrid films, exhibiting a “Mille-Feuille” like structure. This composite structure exploits the excellent electrical and thermal conductivity of AgNWs together with the notable EMI shielding performance of MXene (SE/t = 112967 dB cm-1). By tuning the MXene layer and AgNWs framework, the multi-layer structured film achieves excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (SE/t = 68825 dB cm-1). Due to the introduction of the AgNWs layer, its interface reflection properties lead to differential electromagnetic waves (EMWs) consumption in the structure, resulting in asymmetric EMI shielding (56.66 dB from the AgNWs surface and 62.08 dB from the MXene surface with the film thickness of 9.02 μm). The enhanced EMI shielding is attributed to the AgNWs layer interface reflection, which significantly increases the effective consumption pathway of incident EMWs. Moreover, its Joule heating performance reaches 227.7 ℃ at 1.0 V, exhibiting superior ultra-low voltage drive characteristic. The flexible and self-supported composite film has significant potential applications in protecting human body implants, such as cardiac pacemakers from the influence of EMI pollution. Furthermore, it can be utilized in extreme weather conditions for de-icing, de-fogging, and anti-freezing purposes.