Inspired by the idea of game learning, this paper studies the Cournot game model of the multi-oligopoly market and studies the realization of the Nash equilibrium by using adaptive differential evolution algorithm based on relaxation strategies. The Nash equilibrium is attained through an adaptive differential evolution based on a relaxation strategy procedure applied to an objective function with best response dynamics, the Gap function, which is derived from the sum of the payoff changes of each oligopoly under best response decisions. Furthermore, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is proved according to the random fixed point theorem and random functional theory. Finally, the calculation of a three-oligopoly game in the oil market verifies that the proposed algorithm is superior to the usual relaxation algorithm and the adaptive relaxation algorithm in terms of convergence speed and avoiding falling into the local optimal when solving multi-oligopoly Cournot game.

Storing and manipulating Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) file formats for understanding biological phenomena is an essential but difficult task in the life sciences. Yet, most methods for analysing NGS data require complex command-line tools in high-performance computing (HPC) or web-based servers and have not yet been implemented in comprehensive, easy-to-use software. Here we present easyfm (easy file manipulation), a free standalone Graphical User Interface (GUI) software with Python support that can be used to facilitate the rapid discovery of target sequences (or user’s interest) in NGS datasets for novice users (more accessible to biologists). It enables them to perform end-to-end reproducible data analyses using a desktop application (Windows, Mac and Linux). Unlike existing tools, the GUI-based easyfm is not dependent on any HPC system and can be operated without an internet connection. For user-friendliness and convenience, easyfm was developed with four work modules and a secondary GUI window, covering different aspects of NGS data analysis, including post-processing, filtering, format conversion, generating results, real-time log, and help. In combination with the executable tools (BLAST+ and BLAT) and Python, easyfm allows the user to set analysis parameters, select/extract regions of interest, examine the input and output results, and convert to a wide range of file formats. To help augment the functionality of existing web-based and command-line tools, easyfm, a self-contained program, comes with extensive documentation (https://github.com/TaekAndBrendan/easyfm). This specific benefit allows easyfm to seamlessly integrate visual and interactive representations of NGS files, supporting a wider scope of bioinformatics applications in the life sciences.

RSG was involved in plant gibberellin feedback regulation by inducing the expression of key genes. The tobacco calcium-dependent protein kinase, CDPK1 was reported to interact with RSG and manipulate its intracellular localization by phosphorylating Ser-114 of RSG. Here, we identified tobacco mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (NtMPK3) as an RSG interacted protein kinase. Mutation of predicted MAPK-associated phosphorylation site of RSG (Thr-30, Ser-74 and Thr-135) significantly altered the intracellular localization of NtMPK3-RSG interaction complex. Nuclear transport of RSG and its amino acids mutants (T30A and S74A) were observed after treated with plant defense elicitor peptide flg22 in 5 min, while the two mutated RSG swiftly relocalized in tobacco cytoplasm in 30 min. Moreover, triple points mutation of RSG (T30A/S74A/T135A) mimics constant unphosphorylated status, and predominantly localized in tobacco cytoplasm. RSG (T30A/S74A/T135A) showed no relocalization effect under the treatments of either flg22, B. cereus AR156 or GA3, and was impaired in its role as TFs. Our results suggest that MAPK associated phosphorylation sites of RSG regulate its localization in tobacco and constant unphosphorylation of RSG in Thr-30, Ser-74 and Thr-135 keeps RSG predominantly localized in cytoplasm.

We report an unusual case of Rh negative baby born to Rh positive father and Rh negative mother with severely high titres (1:256) on ICT despite the absence of any prior exposure.Throughout the gestation period, MCA fetal doppler findings were normal non suggestive of any complications in the fetus.

Alkaline deserts soils acted as important soil pools in arid and semiarid regions. Contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its driven factors remained still not clear in alpine deserts on the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we analyzed 223 soil organic carbon contents and total nitrogen and pH values, and its space distribution pattern under 0-30 cm. It was indicated that average and median SOC were approximate 4.86 and 3.80 g/kg with variation coefficient of 81.14%. SOC contents ranged from 0.54 to 24.34 g/kg. Soils organic carbon contents were divided into four groups. The largest group was around 3.32 g/kg (145 sites) when air temperature and altitude were higher than 1.49 oC and 2793 m. Alpine desert SOC were mainly controlled by total nitrogen (TN) and pH and precipitation with R2 of 0.87 (P<0.001). Furthermore, soil pH was positively affected by air temperature not precipitation (P<0.05). Models may predict SOC through precipitation, air temperature and altitude (R2= 0.40, P<0.001). In addition, increasing regional precipitation perhaps decreased desert soils organic carbon storage in future climate scenarios.

A document by Waseem Alsaleem. Click on the document to view its contents.

Functional trait variation in plants of the same species or genotype are a critical determinant of ecosystem processes, especially in agroecosystems where single crop species or genotypes exist in very high abundances. Yet to date only a small number of studies have evaluated if, how, or why traits forming the Leaf Economics Spectrum (LES) vary within crops, despite such studies informing our understanding of: 1) the environmental factors that drive crop LES trait variation; and 2) how domestication has altered LES traits in crops vs. wild plants. We assess intragenotype variation in LES traits in wine grape variety ‘Chardonnay’ (Vitis vinifera)—among the world’s most commercially important crops, across a soil compaction gradient: one of the most prominent characteristics of agricultural soils that may drive crop trait variation. ‘Chardonnay’ traits covary along an intragenotype LES in patterns that were qualitatively similar to, though statistically distinguishable from, those observed among wild plants: resource acquiring vines expressed a combination of high mass-based photosynthesis (Amass), mass-based dark respiration (Rmass), leaf nitrogen concentrations (N), coupled with low leaf mass per area (LMA); the opposite set of trait values defined the resource conserving end of the ‘Chardonnay’ LES. Traits related to resource acquisition (Amass, Rmass, and leaf N) declined with greater bulk density, while traits related to investment in leaf construction costs (LMA) increased with greater bulk density. Compared to wild plants, ‘Chardonnay’ expressed lower Rmass for a given rate of Amass, and an unexpected positive covariation between leaf carbon (C) concentrations and Rmass, Amass, and leaf N. Our findings uncover a deeper understanding of both the domestication syndromes in grapevines, and expand our understanding of trait-based crop responses to environmental change and gradients.

Abstract Rationale, Aims and Objectives: To examine the relationship between nurse employment setting and nurse job change as related to work stress. Method: A retrospective quantitative analysis. The secondary data was from the 2008 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses (NSSRN). The outcome measure was job change related to nursing work stress (yes vs. no). The independent variable was nurse work settings, including covariates. Results: Nurses working in medical/physician practice, an insurance company or other private claims/benefits/utilization, and other settings, including nurses who were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, moderately dissatisfied, and extremely dissatisfied, had higher odds for job change due to stress when compared to inpatient unit community hospital /medical center, non-federal and moderately satisfied the reference category, respectively. Nurses who were unsure and had no plans to remain in the profession had higher odds for job change due to stress than a nurse who said yes to staying in the profession, the reference category. However, nurses in the 65 to 69 age cohort had substantially lower ([OR] = .482, p = .003) odds for not changing jobs due to stress compared to the age group between 50 to 54, the reference category. Conclusion: Among nurses, workplace job dissatisfaction translates to job change related to nursing work stress, while nurses aged 65 to 69 stayed at the job despite work stress. Given the current coronavirus (COVID-19) high-stress pandemic environment, healthcare organizations must do more to mitigate work-related job stress to prevent attrition and job change. KEYWORDS nurses, job change, work stress, and workplace

Vegetation restoration alters soil biotic and abiotic factors. Plants have evolved multiple strategies to adapt to nutrient limitation by reshaping and recruiting nutrient cycling-associated microbial communities in the rhizosphere. However, our understanding of the co-occurrence patterns of rhizosphere microbial communities and their role in soil multinutrient cycling during vegetation restoration remains limited. The present study explored the co-occurrence patterns of rhizosphere microbial communities along a chronosequence (15–45 years old) in Robinia pseudoacacia plantations in China’s Loess Plateau region, the associations between core microbiota and multinutrient cycling under spatiotemporal changes. Our results indicate that soil multifunctionality influences microbial co-occurrence patterns in the R. pseudoacacia rhizosphere, resulting in a more stable bacterial network than fungal network, forest age was a major driver of modularized distribution of nodes in bacterial and fungal networks, and forest age-sensitive microbes were taxonomically diverse at the phylum level. Meanwhile, we found that core microbiota play essential role in rhizosphere soil multinutrient cycling under R. pseudoacacia afforestation.

METHODS This study was carried out at a Training and Research Hospital retrospectively. Files of 697 patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis in the pediatric ward between September 2017 and April 2019 were scanned. Demographic data, clinical features, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment method and duration of hospitalization of 102 patients meeting the study criteria were recorded.Patients meeting the following criteria were included in the study; patients with age of between 1 and 36 months; and patients who had symptoms of viral respiratory tract infections such as fever, cough, coryza, and clinical findings of bronchiolitis like chest retraction, respiratory distress, rapid breathing, wheezing, rhoncus and/or crepitant ral at the time of admission; and who hospitalized in autumn, winter and spring seasons; and who had examination of complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), posterio-anterior chest (PAC) radiography, and nasopharyngeal swab after admission.The exclusion criteria were; the patient who was hospitalized to the pediatric intensive care unit after admission to hospital; the patient who had chronic illness, such as congenital heart disease, asthma and immunodeficiency, that could explain chest retraction, respiratory distress, rapid breathing, and wheezing.Patients were classified clinically according to Wang clinical scoring as mild (1-3 points), moderate (4-8 points), and severe (9-12 points) bronchiolitis.9Serum CRP value, ≤ 3 mg/dl was considered as negative, >3 mg/dl as positive, 4-10 mg/dl as slightly high, and >10 mg/dl as significantly high.10The radiological classification was made by evaluating findings on PAC radiography taken at the hospitalization of the patients. Increased aeration (increased aeration at more than seven ribs on inspiratory radiography, flattening of the diaphragm, parallelization of the ribs, mediastinum and heart area shrinkage), minimal infiltration (perihilar changes), infiltration (parenchymal and lobar infiltrations) and viral pneumonia (bilateral peribronchial thickening and small atelectatic areas) were evaluated.11In the nasopharyngeal swab samples of the patients, viral agents (adenovirus, metapneumovirus A-B, parainfluenza virus 1-2-3-4a-4b, rhinovirus, RSV A-B, bocavirus, corona virus, enterovirus, influenza A-B-C virus) were studied using the multiplex PCR (CG1-96, Corbett Research Copany, Australia) method.An approval for the study was obtained from local ethics committee (decision date/number: 2019/2104). The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Descriptive statistical methods were used. The normality analysis of the data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Numerical data that had normal distribution were given as mean ± standard deviation, and those that did not have normal distribution were given as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables were shown as number (n) and percentage (%). Student t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare numerical data between groups. Chi-Square and Fisher’s exact tests were used in comparison of categorical variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Windows software (ver. 22; IBM SPSS, Chicago, USA) was used for all statistical analyzes. Statistical significance was accepted as p <0.05.

Echocardiography is considered as the first as well as the most important diagnostic approach to identify patients living with cardiac amyloidosis (CA). It is still not clear the evolution process of echocardiography during the development of CA, leaving it extremely difficult for clinicians to recognize patients who are suspected of CA at an early stage. Here, we report a patient in his seventies diagnosed with lymphoma-associated AL amyloidosis. The sequence of abnormal changes in echocardiography included decreased left ventricular diastolic function, pericardial effusion, left atrium expansion, ventricular septal thickening, left ventricular posterior wall thickening, right atrium expansion, and decreased cardiac function. A decrease in left ventricular diastolic function and pericardial effusion occurred 3 months prior to a thickening in interventricular septum. Once suspected, 2D-STE examination is highly recommended in the early diagnosis of CA.

Anomalous origin of coronary arteries is usually asymptomatic and a rare disease. However, some cases can cause severe life-threatening events such as myocardial infarction and syncope. Management of coronary anomalies continues to be a controversial topic in clinic, for which requires a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis and management. We report a case of a 15-year-old symptomatic boy who presented with cardiogenic syncope and was diagnosed with a rare congenital “coronary artery sandwich anomaly” (CASA), acute subendocardial myocardial infarction and cardiac failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) for stabilization. Speckle tracking echocardiography examination showed decreased segmental ventricular wall motion and the left ventricular global longitudinal strain was -9.3%. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) showed that an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery arose from the right coronary sinus, with acute angle takeoff and inter-arterial course between aorta and pulmonary artery. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) image showed: diffuse abnormal intima enhancement in the left ventricle, the left ventricle was enlarged and systolic function was decreased. The best treatment was coronary artery unroofing operation. However, the patient was with poor cardiac function and was managed with conservative treatment instead of operation. This case demonstrated that the left CASA with acute angle takeoff and inter-arterial course between the aorta and pulmonary artery is extremely rare but severe potentially life-threatening presentation which should be managed with a promptly and careful treatment. In this case, speckle tracking echocardiography, cardiac CT and MRI have played important roles in diagnosis and therapy of the disease.

In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), transthoracic echocardiography is usually used to look for regional contraction abnormalities, to assess the extent of ventricular dysfunction and for diagnosis of mechanical complications. An early coronary angiogram is the established norm and echocardiographic coronary imaging is usually not a part of the routine management protocol. We describe a case of a young male with acute myocardial infarction secondary to right coronary cusp thrombosis which was diagnosed on a transthoracic echocardiogram. This case aims to highlight the importance of incorporating echocardiographic coronary imaging in routine practice prior to a coronary catheterization.

Background: Oncology patients frequently have poor symptom control, particularly for pain and nausea. The use of medical marijuana (MMJ) has become more accepted, despite overall scant evidence of efficacy. As the majority of states have legalized MMJ, it is important for oncology providers to be able to counsel families regarding the role of MMJ. We examined the perceptions of adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology patients and caregivers regarding MMJ to help providers frame their discussions. Methods: Questionnaires assessing history of recreational drug use, opinions regarding the role of MMJ in symptom management, perceived benefits, and side effects of MMJ were administered to AYA oncology patients and caregivers at three time points during treatment. Results: Twenty-four patients and 26 caregivers were enrolled. The majority of the patients and caregivers felt that MMJ should be discussed. Prior to treatment, caregivers perceived MMJ to have greater benefits than patients did. Knowing someone with substance abuse made patients and caregivers more likely to believe that MMJ would increase the risk of substance abuse and to perceive worse side effects from MMJ. Although not statistically significant, caregivers who had previously used marijuana tended to be more willing for their children to try MMJ for symptom relief than caregivers with no history of use. Conclusions: Understanding families’ prior experiences with substance abuse is important when counseling them regarding MMJ during the patient’s treatment. In general, families reported that MMJ should be discussed, but this can be influenced by the families’ prior experience.

Fish diversity, an important indicator of the health of aquatic ecosystems, is declining sharply due to water pollution, overfishing, climate change, and species invasion. Effective surveying and monitoring are prerequisites for protecting fish diversity. In this study, eDNA (environmental DNA）metabarcoding and ground cages were used to survey the fish diversity of the Chaobai and Beiyun Rivers in Beijing. Based on the two methods, the results showed that 40 species, belonging to 35 genera, 18 families, and six orders, were identified. The richness of fish identified by eDNA metabarcoding was higher than that captured by ground cages in both rivers. All fish captured by the ground cage method were recognized by eDNA metabarcoding, except Squalidus wolterstorffi and Saurogobio dabryi, which were captured only in ground cages. The correlation of relative abundance between the two methods was affected by the properties of the rivers, such as the flow rate. The relative abundance detected by eDNA metabarcoding was positively correlated with that of the ground cages in the Beiyun River, while no correlation was observed for the Chaobai River. Our results also suggest that the Chaobai River has higher fish diversity and a different population structure than the Beiyun River. The primary fish species of the Beiyun River are mainly pollution resistant. This results show that eDNA metabarcoding as a new survey tool has great application prospects. It provides certain theoretical data and methodological references for the protection and management of river fish diversity.

The co-evolution of fig wasps with fig trees provide an excellent model for studying ecological systems and adaptive evolution. Transposable elements (TEs), as an important component of the genomes, are the powerful driver for environmental adaptation of the organisms. Here, the TEs in the genomes of six pollinator and five non-pollinator species were analyzed in the characteristics of composition, historical burst patterns, and their possible effects on the functions of conjunctive genes. Compared with pollinators, non-pollinators’ TEs showed a significant burst state with more types, longer lengths, and higher contents in the genomes, which might be related to their different evolutionary and life histories, as well as their different sensitivity to environmental changes. However, we identified a common TE burst peak period of 32-34 Mya in both groups, highly consistent with the glacial epoch of Eocene-Oligocene transition in geological history. Further functional enrichment analysis of the genes within 1 Kb near the insertion positions of TEs in the four geological periods representing the major continental ice sheet growth or decay was demonstrated, and the results showed that large amount of TEs were inserted near genes related to the environmental information processing, especially the Circadian entrainment pathway. These TEs might act as cis-regulatory modules to regulate the conjunctive genes in response to geo-climate changes. These results revealed the molecular basis of the fig wasp’s response to changes in the syconia microenvironment and paleoclimate macroenvironment from the perspective of genomic TEs. Keywords: transposable elements, fig wasp, adaptive evolution, geo-climate, cis-regulatory modules

In this article, a new reference smoothness indicator for third-order WENO schemes is proposed.The main construction idea is: by analyzing the relationship between the derivatives of the reconstruction polynomials of the candidate stencils and the reconstruction polynomials of the global stencil,and then calculating the $L^2$-norm approximation of the linear combination of the derivatives of the reconstruction polynomials of all candidate stencils and the derivatives of the reconstruction polynomials of the global stencil. Furthermore,a new reference smoothness indicator (τ_{Re})is obtained,the newly developed scheme is called WENO-Re scheme. A series of one-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical examples show that the new scheme has higher resolution and less dissipation than several recently improved third-order WENO schemes.

In this paper, we propose a non-autonomous mathematical model of a single species that is exposed to an environment subject to a pollution tax when the emission of the toxicant exceeds a limit up to which there is no harm to the population. We assume that all emissions exceed the allowable limit and consider the negative effect of tax avoidance. Furthermore, we assume that a born organism carries with it an amount of internal toxicant, and that the amount of toxicant stored in living organisms that die drifts into the environment. We obtain sufficient parametric conditions to guarantee the persistence of the population and also note that the tax coefficient is the key parameter that must be chosen very carefully to maintain the equilibrium level of the population. Finally, for the initial validity of our results we perform some numerical simulations.

In this paper, we analyze two classes of spectral volume (SV) methods for one-dimensional hyperbolic equations with degenerate variable coefficients. The two classes of SV methods are constructed by letting a piecewise $k$-th order ($k\ge 1$ is an arbitrary integer) polynomial to satisfy the conservation law in each {\it control volume}, which is obtained by refining spectral volumes (SV) of the underlying mesh with $k$ Gauss-Legendre points (LSV) or Radaus points (RSV) in each SV. The $L^2$-norm stability and optimal order convergence properties for both methods are rigorously proved for general non-uniform meshes. Surprisingly, we discover some very interesting superconvergence phenomena : at some special points, the SV flux function approximates the exact flux with $(k+2)$-th order and the SV solution itself approximates the exact solution with $(k+\frac32)$-th order; some superconvergence behaviors for element averages errors have been also discovered. Moreover, these superconvergence phenomena are rigorously proved by using the so-called {\it correction function} method. Our theoretical findings are verified by several numerical experiments.

To explore the change characteristics of vegetation and soil nutrients in grassland desertification, the study intends to using the method of replacing space with time, taking temperate steppe (TS), temperate steppe desert (TSD) and temperate desert (TD) in Qilian mountains as the research objects, and analyze the change characteristics of vegetation and soil nutrients replacing succession of grassland desertification. The study indicated that, from TS, TSD to TD, the total coverage, AGB, Shannon-Weiner index and richness, total porosity, total N, soil organic matter, C/N, C/P, N/P, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, sucrase were decreased, and grass layer height, dominance, soil bulk density and pH were increased. While the total P, total K and available P were first increased and then decreased, and were opposite to evenness and urease enzyme activity change. Meanwhile, the C/N, C/P and N/P of three grassland types ranged from 5.06-17.27, 2.49-71.94 and 0.50-4.19. Correlation analysis showed that, except for available P, available K, and evenness, there was a significant correlation between other vegetation and soil indicators. In conclusion, in the process of grassland desertification, grassland vegetation and soil had undergone significant changes, especially total coverage, AGB, Shannon-Weiner index, soil bulk density, soil organic matter and total nitrogen. Based on N/P, the nitrogen was the main factor limiting the productivity of grassland, and the limitation was more prominent in the process of grassland desertification.

Glaucoma is the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in the world. The only proven method to treat the disease by reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP). IOP act as a modifiable risk factor in glaucoma. Liposomes have been considered as one of the effective pharmaceutical therapies in reducing IOP in glaucoma and receive widespread attention in research due to their special characteristics. Recent studies such as liposomal Latanoprost are still in failure clinical trials. This review focus on the therapeutic application of liposomal in the neuro-ocular brain. The routes of drug administration for the treatment of glaucoma are topical, systemic, periocular and intravitreal. The treatment of glaucoma using drug-carrier liposome shows less invasive and more effective when applied topically since it contains bilayer vesicles which can breach the corneal barrier. To conclude, using the nanocarrier for the topical administration technique is better compared to normal drug application as it is more effective and less invasive.

Despite breakthroughs in care and treatment, the consequences of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are still associated with morbidity and mortality. Early brain injury is still a major source of clinical deterioration in people with SAH. When a patient suffers a SAH, they are more likely to develop long-term neurological problems, which can be life-threatening. According to recent research, the management and remission of SAH are dependent on inflammatory mechanisms. The development of problems after SAH has recently been linked to inflammation. Many investigations have failed to show how inflammatory mechanisms affect SAH patients’ prognosis and outcome. SAH procedures and management will be improved by better understanding the various inflammatory pathways that occur after SAH. It was the goal of this review to outline some of the most important inflammatory pathways that emerge after SAH and to provide a general understanding of SAH.

Background Conventional tracheostomy and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) present risks of exposing health care workers to coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). We report a hybrid modified percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (hybrid MPDT) to reduce this risk of COVID-19 aerosol transmission. Methods We performed tracheostomy using a hybrid MPDT involving a combination of conventional tracheostomy and PDT. Hybrid MPDT requires a small incision and minimal dissection like conventional tracheostomy, followed by PDT without bronchoscope guidance and the use of an endotracheal tube cuffed at cricoid. Results Hybrid MPDT was successfully performed in 20 patients with COVID‐19. The infection rate to medical staff was 0% and the average operation time was 6.45±1.02 min. Conclusion Hybrid MPDT may ensure rapid and safe airway management in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Debulking cytoreduction surgery with bowel resection is a common intervention for ovarian cancer. Whether an ostomy should be performed remains controversial. Objectives: We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to determine whether ostomy leads to poorer outcomes for ovarian cancer after bowel resection than anastomosis. Search Strategy: We searched PubMed Medline, Embase, and Cochrane for articles containing the phrase “ovarian cancer with bowel resection,” published between 2016 and 2021. Selecting Criteria: We included studies that compared primary anastomosis with ostomy. We mainly focused on differences in anastomotic leakage (AL) rate and some survival outcomes between the two procedures. Data Collection and Analysis: Review Manager V5.3 was used to analyze all studies. Main Results: Of all 763 studies, three were ultimately included in the meta-analysis (N=1411). Results showed that ostomy might not have more adverse events of Grade III and above (according to the Clavien–Dindo grade) ([Odds ratio] (OR) 1.04 (95% CI [0.82,1.33]). Moreover, ostomy might not increase AL(OR 1.07 (95% CI [0.30,3.87]). We have supplemented the systematic review to include analysis of those data which can not be analyzed by meta-analysis. Conclusion Ostomy may not result in more AL, but may lead to worse survival outcomes than anastomosis. However, patients with a more severe ovarian cancer status may be more prone to ostomy rather than primary anastomosis. Funding: This work was supported by the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program (grant number 2019YJ0072). Keywords: Ostomy, Ovarian Cancer, Bowel Resection, Meta-analysis, Systematic Review