Nausea and vomiting significantly affect quality of life. We report a case of esophagus candidiasis incidentally discovered in an elderly frail female, who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for severe nausea and vomiting symptoms. After the treatment for esophageal candidiasis, immediately, she relieved the symptoms of nausea and vomiting, and increased appetite gradually.

This paper is devoted to the robust dissipativity and passivity problems for Markovian switching complex-valued neural networks with probabilistic time-varying delay, where the transition rates are partly unknown, which might reflect more realistic dynamical behaviors of the switching networks. The probabilistic delay is described by a sequence of bernoulli distributed random variables, and mode-dependent parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded. Based on the complex version of the generalized It$\hat{o}$’s formula, the robust analysis tools and the stochastic analysis methods, some sufficient mode/delay-dependent criteria on the $(M,N,W)$-dissipativity and passivity are derived in terms of complex matrix inequalities. In the end of paper, two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the obtained results.

The impact of magnetic field, joule heating, rotation parameter, Hall current, with nonlinear thermal radiation, on a rotating hybrid 〖Fe〗_3 O_4/〖Al〗_2 O_3 nanofluid over-stretched plate is the focus of this research. Using similarity transformations, the controlling partial differential equations are turned into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. For that system of equations, the shooting method is used to generate numerical solutions. The impact of various entry parameters on transversal and longitudinal velocities, temperature, heat flow and surface shear stress are studied numerically and graphically.

Background: COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective at preventing severe disease. Among the rare complications that may compromise vaccine acceptance are allergic reactions. This study aimed at comparing the incidence and potential triggers of the most commonly reported allergic reactions related to licensed COVID-19 vaccines in Europe and the United States (US) based on data of the two of the world’s largest vaccine adverse event reporting systems, EudraVigilance and VAERS. Methods: Data pertaining to allergic reactions post COVID-19 vaccination reported from week 52/2020 to week 39/2021 were collected from EudraVigilance and VAERS databases and analyzed. Incidence rates were calculated using the corresponding administered vaccine doses as denominators for all licensed vaccines and both platform types (mRNA or vectored). The composition of the novel mRNA and vectored vaccines was examined to identify potential allergic triggers. Results: Anaphylactic reactions and anaphylactic shock were the most common allergic reactions, predominantly reported by females, at estimated incidence rates of 9.91/million and 1.36/million vaccine doses, respectively. A 2- to 5-fold higher incidence of both allergic reactions was found in Europe compared to the US for both vaccine platforms. Most cases were benign. Fatalities were extremely rare and associated with vectored rather than mRNA vaccines. Conclusions: The precise mechanism(s) for allergic reactions after vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines are not fully known. Plausible explanations include exposure to components of the final pharmaceutical product and cross-reactivity to ingredients or unintentional impurities in the final formula. Additional research is warranted to further improve vaccine safety.

Nonlinear partial differential equations with higher order dispersion terms play an important role in dynamics research. In this paper, the fifth order KdV equation with high order dispersion term is studied and discussed. Firstly, the bilinear form of the fifth order KdV equation with high order dispersion term is derived by Hirota bilinear form. Then, the combined test function of the positive quartic function, quadratic function, exponential function and the interaction solution of the hyperbolic function of the fifth order KdV equation with variable coefficients is constructed, and the resonance multi-soliton test function of the equation is constructed by using the linear superposition principle.By means of mathematical symbol calculation, the interaction solution between high-order Lump solution and periodic cross kink solution of the fifth order KdV equation with variable coefficients and its resonance multi-solitons are solved.And by observing its corresponding graph analysis of its physical phenomenon.

In the proposed DNA based storage system, the sequence of information taken from a finite Abelian group is mapped onto DNA codewords. The homomorphic properties of the mapping address the storage and retrieval problems related to GC-content and Reverse compliment.

Background: Although conservative treatment has been used for unilateral retinoblastoma, enucleation is still the mainstay of treatment for the ICRB D–E group. In Japan, conservative treatment has been performed to preserve the eyes of patients with unilateral retinoblastoma including group D–E. We analyzed the data of patients treated at our institution with the aim of assessing if conservative therapy in the D–E group would worsen the survival outcomes and if it would also enable preservation of visual acuity. Procedure: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients of unilateral retinoblastoma from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015. Survival rates, EBRT-avoided preservation rates, and safety were analyzed for the initially enucleated and conservative treatment groups. Results: Among 153 patients, 34 (89%) in the B–C group and 49 (43%) in the D–E group underwent conservative treatment, respectively. 36 out of 83 (43%) patients were able to avoid enucleation without EBRT by undergoing conservative treatment. In the D–E groups with conservative treatment, there were extraocular recurrences in two patients, and one patient who had a CNS recurrence died. The 5-year OS and RFS was 97.9 (95%CI : 85.8–99.7)% and 95.8 (95%CI : 84.3–98.9)% in the D–E group, respectively. There were no acute serious adverse events during conservative treatment, and no secondary malignancies were observed. Conclusion: Conservative treatment for unilateral retinoblastoma, including for the D–E groups is acceptable based on the results that OS remained high and no serious adverse events were observed.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare hematopoietic malignancy in children with incidence 1.2 per million children per year. Hereby we present a case report and brief literature review of JMML in a child, especially focused on applicability in low-middle income countries. A 3.5 years-old male was referred to our tertiary center due to pallor, enlarging abdomen and neck mass, recurrent fever and chronic diarrhea. Initial laboratory workup showed Hb 6.4 g/dl, white blood cell 315.62 x 103/uL, and platelet 17 x 103/uL. Blood smears showed 10% suspected blast, 17% myelocyte, 17% metamyelocytes, with thrombocytopenic crisis. The HbF level was 5.8%. BCR-ABL gene was tested negative. The patient was diagnosed as juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Considering that HSCT was not able to be done in our center and lack of financial possibilities to seek that treatment abroad, family agreed to do palliative treatment. Patient was treated with 6-mercaptopurin and subcutaneous cytarabine. Four weeks after receiving 6-MP, white blood cell count decreased to 10,6 x 103/uL and spleen size was half of the original size. Patient continued the chemotherapy until week 15, chemotherapy was stopped, but 16 weeks after the diagnosis of JMLL, he developed severe thrombocytopenia, endophthalmitis, sepsis and passed away.

In the era of extreme weather events, plant resistance to excessive water should be considered for plantations in frequently flooded areas. Therefore, we quantified the resistance to excessive irrigation (REI) in seedlings of six conifer species on the basis of their morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. Two different irrigation regimes, natural precipitation as a control treatment and additional irrigation by sprinklers (30.89 ± 2.80 % above natural precipitation) as excessive irrigation, were applied for three consecutive years. There were three distinct responses in biomass accumulation: Chamaecyparis obtusa and Abies holophylla significantly increased their aboveground and underground biomass and showed a strong REI; Pinus thunbergii and P. densiflora, both resistant to drought, significantly decreased their aboveground and underground biomass and showed a weak REI. Larix kaempferi and Pinus koraiensis showed a medium REI with only aboveground biomass increment in the former and no biomass change in the latter. Plant biomass responses corresponded well with the changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. Biomass augmentation resulted from an increase in leaf size, leaf mass per area (LMA), maximum photosynthesis rate, and leaf water potential. Flavonoids, LMA, and stomatal conductance are the most important traits to access species REI.

In this paper, some sharp maximal function inequalities for the Toeplitz type operator related to the fractional and singular integral operators satisfying a variant of H¨ormander’s condition are proved. As an application, we obtain the boundedness of the operator on Lebesgue, Morrey and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces.

Purpose Data about Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in developing countries are scattered. The aim of this study is to present the clinical features and outcome of children with HL using combined different chemotherapy regimens. Response-based approach was applied irrespective of risk stratification. Methods Patients aged 18 years and younger who were diagnosed with HL between January 2014 and December 2019 in the main tertiary hospital in Kerbalaa, Iraq, were recruited. Patients were stratified into three risk groups. Initial treatment with induction chemotherapy (i.e., 2 cycles of ABVD) was applied to all patients. Patients who achieved complete radiological response to induction chemotherapy continued with 4-6 cycles of ABVD; radiotherapy was omitted. Patients with slow early response received 3 cycles of COPDac after 3rd cycle of ABVD, followed by radiotherapy. Results Forty-one patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 7 years. Fourteen (34.1%) patients were stage III, followed by stage I (29.3%). Eighteen patients had B symptoms. Initial splenic involvement was found in 11 patients. Approximately one third of patients had bulky disease (n = 12; 29.3%). The most common histology was mixed cellularity (n = 29). The median follow-up was 1.25 year (range from 0.5 to 2.0 years). The 4-year estimates of survival and EFS were 92% and 84% ±10%, respectively. Only bulky disease had a significant negative influence on the outcome. Conclusions Good outcomes for pediatric HL patients can be achieved in low and middle income countries. Response-based therapy approach is feasible to reduce long term treatment-related sequel.

Introduction: The recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after single radiofrequency ablation (RFCA) is high, there were few relevant studies focusing on the construction of the prediction model for AF recurrence after RFCA. Methods and Results：A total of 221 patients with AF who underwent RFCA were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to screen the predictors of recurrence. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve were drawn to analyze the value of predictors. The nomogram model was further constructed to predict the recurrence of AF in patients after RFCA. As results, there were 59 cases of AF recurrence after RFCA. Monocyte count/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MHR), AF course (COURSE), coronary heart disease (CHD) and AF type (TYPE) were the independent risk factors for predicting AF recurrence after RFCA. Accordingly, a nomogram prediction model based on MHR, COURSE, CHD and TYPE was constructed with a C-index of 0.818 (95%CL=0.681, 0.954), while C-index of verification was 0.802 (95%CL=0.658, 0.946). Conclusion：Preoperative MHR, COURSE, CHD and TYPE were independent risk factors for predicting recurrence of AF after RFCA. The nomogram model based on MHR, COURSE, CHD and TYPE can be used to predict the recurrence of AF after RFCA accurately and individually.

Papillary muscle rupture is a fatal complication with a high operative mortality rate of 13–40%. Most patients experience cardiogenic shock and hypoxia due to pulmonary edema caused by severe mitral regurgitation. Although preoperative stabilization using a mechanical assist device potentially improves surgical outcomes, an appropriate strategy has not yet been established. ECPELLA is a useful mechanical circulatory support (MCS) strategy, combining venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Impella®, and potentially increases cardiac output and tissue perfusion and improves left ventricular distension and oxygenation in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. Herein, we present our surgical technique involving the successful management of ECPELLA during surgery in patients with papillary muscle rupture.

Familial Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease. It generally appears in childhood but atypical forms are also seen in adults. FHL is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response due to defects in NK and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Clinical and biological diagnostic criteria are defined by the Histiocyte Society. Treatment includes the suppression of the excessive immune response followed by a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Diagnosis of FHL should include a genetic study in the proband and siblings to allow for preemptive measures.

Introduction: The burden of care and fear of disease progression is noticeable in mothers of children with cystic fibrosis. Hence, this study was done with the aim to determine the relationship between the burden of care and fear of disease progression in mothers of children with CF. Method: 142 mothers of children with CF participated in this correlational study. Data were collected with the sequential method. The -The self-report Zarit burden of care and fear of disease progression questionnaires were Used. Results: According to the results, the mean maternal burden of care was 34.12 ± 69.77, and the mean fear of disease progression was 32.12 ± 92.11. The burden of care had the highest regression effect on fear of disease progression in mothers of children with CF (β = 0.896). With an increase of one unit of standard deviation in the burden of care, an increase of 0.896 units occurred in fear of disease progression in parents of children with CF. Discussion: Mothers of children with CF experience a moderate burden of care and fear of disease progression. An increase in the burden of care and psychological stress increases the fear of disease progression in these mothers. It is recommended that healthcare providers, especially nurses, consider the conditions of this group of mothers due to the burden of care and long-term fear of disease progression and plan and implement appropriate care interventions.

Sample size estimation through power analysis is a fundamental tool in planning an ecological study, yet there are currently no well-established procedures for when multivariate abundances are to be collected. A power analysis procedure would need to address three challenges: designing a parsimonious simulation model that captures key community data properties; measuring effect size in a realistic yet interpretable fashion; and ensuring computational feasibility when simulation is used both for power estimation and significance testing. Here we propose a power analysis procedure that meets these challenges with accompanying R software (ecopower). Our simulation model uses a Gaussian copula model, and expert opinion is leveraged to simplify effect size specification into “increasers”, “decreasers” or “no effect” taxa. Computational issues are addressed by using a critical value approach, reducing computation time from days to minutes. The procedure is demonstrated by estimating the sample size required to detect changes for fish abundances.

Background Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies are increasing in prevalence, with IgE-mediated food allergies currently affecting up to 10% of children and 6% of adults worldwide. The mechanisms underpinning the first phase of IgE-mediated allergy, allergic sensitization, are still not clear. Recently, the potential involvement of lipids in allergic sensitization has been proposed, with reports that they can bind allergenic proteins and act on immune cells to skew to a T helper type 2 (Th2) response. The objective of this systematic review is to determine if there is strong evidence for the role of lipids in allergic sensitization. Methods 19 studies were reviewed, 10 of which were relevant to lipids in allergic sensitization to food allergens, 9 relevant to lipids in aeroallergen sensitization. Results The results provide strong evidence for the role of lipids in allergies. Intrinsic lipids, lipid-ligands and membrane-bound lipids from allergen sources can both drive and inhibit allergic sensitization through various mechanisms. Proposed mechanisms included reducing the gastrointestinal degradation of allergenic proteins by altering protein structure, reducing dendritic cell (DC) uptake of allergenic proteins to reduce immune tolerance, regulating Th2 cytokines, activating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells through CD1d presentation, and directly acting upon toll-like receptors (TLRs), epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and DCs. Conclusion The current literature suggests intrinsic lipids are key influencers of allergic sensitization. Further research utilising human relevant in vitro models and clinical studies are needed to give a reliable account of the role of lipids in allergic sensitization.

Rationale, Aims, and Objectives: To explore the patient satisfaction of outpatient care services at Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals located in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia over three months duration. A semi-structured questionnaire composed of eight different domains of pharmaceutical care services through face-to-face patient interview and electronic format using website. Results: A total of 508 participants responded to the survey. Among the respondents, male gender (51.8%) was predominant and most of them (83%) were below 46 years old. The average scores of domains 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were 4.51, 4.11, 4.30, 3.70, 3.57, 3.82, 3.63, and 4.15, respectively. The general evaluation of pharmacy services domain was found to be very satisfied (245; 48.2%) and satisfied (143; 28%) with 380 (76.4%) respondents were willing to recommend the pharmacy to their family or friends. There was no statistically significant difference in regard to the overall satisfaction of the respondents in all domains of pharmacy services among the two hospitals (p>0.05). Discussion: The majority of respondents were satisfied with outpatient care pharmacy services at Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. More efforts are needed to improve the service of following-up on patients’ adherence by the pharmacists.

The synthesis of MIL-53 samples and encapsulation process of phosphomolybdic acid implemented using ultrasound at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Analysis of the results showed that H3PMo salts have strong electrostatic interactions with the iron (III) lattice, which play an important role in reducing leaching from the compound. Characterization of newly synthesized nanocomposite was carried out using various techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET and ICP. The catalytic activity of the prepared nanocomposites, PMA@MIL-53(Fe), was tested through the esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol under ultrasonic irradiation. Biodiesel production process using certain molar ratio of oleic acid/methanol, PMA@MIL-53(Fe) as catalyst (50-200 mg) containing different amounts of PMA (0-40%), at different reaction times (5-25 minutes) and ambient temperature under ultrasound conditions was optimized using CCD tab of Design Expert software. The results indicated that the synthesized composites show excellent catalytic activity.

Phenol is difficult to be naturally degraded due to its benzene ring and is also serious harmful to human health. Heterogeneous photo-Fenton is an effective method of chemical oxidation to remove phenol in wastewater with environmental friendliness and sustainability. Herein, one composite α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 for heterogeneous photo-Fenton has been synthesized by hydrothermal first and then calcination using FeCl3•6H2O and g-C3N4 as raw materials. The catalyst shows wide visible-light responsive feature, tight heterojunction structure and superior electron transfer ability, which finally lead to significant improvement on degradation efficiency. Based hydroxyl radical of scavenger results, one type Ⅱ heterojunction was proposed to explain the transfer and migration of photoelectrons under internal electronic field. The accumulated electrons in the CB reduced ≡Fe(Ⅲ) to ≡Fe(Ⅱ) in active site of solid α-Fe2O3. This work provides a facile and new method to synthesize α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 and as an effective heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for environmental remediation.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have great potential in the large-scale energy storage as its low price, safety, efficiency and environmental friendliness. In this work, a novel cathode of quadrilateral flake Zn0.25(NH4)V2O5·H2O is prepared in-situ by electrochemical induction, in which NH4+ and hydrated zinc ions are co-embedded in VO framework. Specifically, the Zn0.25(NH4)V2O5·H2O electrode displays a largest discharge specific capacity of 355 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 in 2 M Zn(CF3SO3)2, and shows an excellent cycle lifespan of 84.6% capacity retention at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the Zn//Zn0.25(NH4) V2O5·H2O cell is evaluated its practicability by driving a motor fan. In addition, we adopt ex-situ XRD and XPS to investigate the electrochemical induction process and energy storage mechanism of the Zn0.25(NH4)V2O5·H2O electrode, and Zn0.25(NH4)V2O5·H2O electrode follows a typical reversible zinc ion intercalation/deintercalation mechanism. Finally, this electrochemical induction method will promote further in-depth research on vanadium-based material cathode for AZIBs.

A novel mesoporous Ru-Fe3O4/CeOx-SiO2 (Ce3+/Ce4+, x=1.64) catalyst was synthesized via excess solution impregnation of Ru and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on ceria-loaded mesoporous SBA-15. The reduction of CO2 to methane was performed in the presence of H2 over the catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. CO2 reduction was found to be 82% at 0.25 wt% ruthenium loading, 2.5 wt% iron loading, 573 K temperature, 20 bar pressure, 3000 mL.g.-1. h-1 gas hour space velocity and H2 to CO2 mole ratio of 5:1. The close contact between ruthenium and Fe3O4 nanoparticles facilitated the reduction of CO2 through hydrogen spill-over effect and ceria NPs acted as a promoter for reduction reaction. The catalysts were characterized thoroughly using CO chemisorption, BET, TPR, TPD, XRD, SEM, HR TEM, ICP-AES and XPS techniques. Optimal process conditions could render much higher CO2 conversion efficacy for selective methane synthesis in comparison with previous scientific investigations.

Alkaptonuria, a rare metabolic disease, is caused by a genetic deficiency of the homogentisic acid oxidase enzyme involved in phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism. Ochronotic arthropathy and cardiovascular involvement, which manifests itself in 4-6 decades as a result of homogentisic acid accumulation in cartilage and connective tissue, are the most important causes of mortality and morbidity. We present a 75-year-old case with a diagnosis of severe aortic stenosis who was diagnosed with alkaptonuria after the operation. Severe calcification and pigmentation were observed in the patient's aortic valve leaflets and at the ascending aortic wall

Root hairs are specialized structures involved in water and nutrient uptake by plants. They elongate from epidermal cells following a complex developmental program. ß-cyanoalanine synthase (CAS), which is mainly involved in hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detoxification in Arabidopsis thaliana, plays a role in root hair elongation, as evidenced by the fact that cas-c1 mutants show a severe defect in root hair shape. In addition to root hairs, CAS C1 is expressed in the quiescent center and meristem. However, the cas-c1 mutation has no visible effect on either tissue, in both control and nutrient-deprivation conditions. To identify its role in root hair formation, we conducted single cell proteomics analysis by isolating root hair cells using Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) from wild type and cas-c1 mutants. We also analyzed the presence of S-cyanylation, a protein post-translational modification (PTM) mediated by HCN and affecting cysteine residues and protein activity, in proteins of wild type and cas-c1 mutants. We found that several proteins involved in root hair development, related to the receptor kinase FERONIA signaling and to DNA methylation, are modified by this new post-translational modification.