A new species of Lannea (Ancardiaceae) described and diagnosed based on its morphological features. It is allied to Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr, but differs in sexual system, leaf texture and flowers. A detailed description and photographs are provided for easy identification of novel species along with illustrations of basionym and synonyms from old literature for comparative study.

Extensive floristic explorations throughout southern India have uncovered some noteworthy taxonomic additions within the subgenus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Three distinct taxa of Euphorbia are described and illustrated herein as E. sankarensis, E. bahalita, E. tortilis var. mysorensis. All three taxa are allied to Euphorbia tortilis but differ in stem, cyathia, involucral glands, fruit, and seed characters. These taxa were delineated by morphological characters, field observations, and comparative analysis with allied species. The Neotype for Euphorbia tortilis is designated in this article.

A new dwarf succulent species of Euphorbia spinaconflata (Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbieae: Euphorbia subg. Euphorbia) from Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The new taxon is allied to Euphorbia venkatarajui Sarojin. but differs in several distinct morphological characters. A detailed description, illustration and photographic documentation are provided to identify, and facilitate its distinction.

Lepidagathis kurnoolensis sp. nov. is a decumbent, woody undershrub found in scrub forests dominated by quartzite stones near Orvakal Mandal in the Kurnool District. This new species resembles Lepidagathis diffusa C.B.Clarke with respect to habit, leaf shape, inflorescence, number of sterile bracts, corolla and fruits but can be distinguished by differences in spike size, morphology of sterile bracts and bracteoles, size and shape of bracts and calyx, and nature of seed. It also resembles Lepidagathis spinosa Wight ex Nees in spike appearance, sterile bract shape, corolla, and fruit shape but differs in its wood nature, leaf shape and size, bracts and bracteoles surface nature, seed morphology and anatomy of stem. A detailed description, illustrations, and field images are provided for easy identification along with a comparative table highlighting the morphological characters of allied species. The IUCN conservation assessment for this species is discussed.

Andrographis saxatilis (Acanthaceae) new species is described and illustrated from the rocky plateau of the Owk Dam area, Andhra Pradesh. It is a perennial, woody undershrub. Unique characters are hispid hairy, obovate, elliptic-oblong and oblanceolate leaves; lanceolate glandular hairy sepals; empty (without flowers) bract and calyx towards base of rachis. Andrographis saxatilis allied A. glandulosa Nees by its perennial habit, woody rootstock in between rocks, glaucous green leaves, hairy stem, attenuate and glandular hairs on sepals and corolla tube outside. But it distinguished from the later by its hispid texture (versus densely pubescent), obovate, elliptic-oblong, and oblanceolate leaves (versus ovate-oblong), obtusely 4-angled stem (versus acutely 4-angled), hispid and glandular hairy sepals (versus villous with long glandular hairs), boat-shaped upper lip of corolla (versus ligulate), pubescent fruit (versus glabrous at base and glandular hairy towards the tip). IUCN threat status of the species is assessed as ‘Data Deficient’ (DD) in this article.