Ransomware is a significant threat to cybersecurity, causing severe financial and operational disruptions through the encryption of critical data and demanding ransoms for decryption. Employing Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for ransomware detection introduces an innovative approach that offers enhanced adaptability and precision compared to traditional signature and anomaly-based detection methods. The GAN-based model presented in this research was designed to analyze network traffic patterns, learning to distinguish between normal and ransomware-induced anomalies through an adversarial process. Experimental results indicated high accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores, showing the model's capability to identify subtle variations in network behavior associated with ransomware activities. The implementation demonstrated robustness in realtime scenarios, maintaining consistent detection performance over various time intervals while managing resource utilization efficiently. This research contributes to the field of cybersecurity through the development of a dynamic and adaptive detection mechanism, potentially offering a more effective defense against increasingly sophisticated ransomware attacks.

A document by Mohan Bhusal. Click on the document to view its contents.

Background SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA betacoronavirus capable of evading host immune action allowing replication and tissue damage. Subsequent symptoms of greater than or equal to 3 months duration are collectively termed ”post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection” (PASC), which is a multi-organ disorder. Methods With the aim of determining the factors associated with the presence of PASC, an analytical study was designed. A total of 404 patients were evaluated after SARS-Cov-2 infection in consultations to determine which factors are associated with the presence of PASC (105 met PASC criteria vs 299).The period of study was from September 2020 to March 2022 at the Hospital “Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca” (HCUVA) in Murcia. Findings In our study, statistically significant associations with PASC were found with women, lower mean age, absence of hypertension, absence of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, a more favourable Charlson index, hospital admission during acute infection, less impact on the Brixia and WHO scale. The multivariate analysis, showed that female sex, the absence of arterial hypertension and vaccination, and belonging to WHO group 3, are associated with the presence of PASC. The highest ROC curves were smoking, female gender and the Brixia scale.

Although attaching methylthio (-SMe) to the ortha-position of thiophene/furan to produce a new linker motif has been employed for extending the variety of molecular conductance measurements, the atomic-scale details of the attachment to electrodes remain ob-scure, which is not conducive to precisely interpreting the transport mechanism of a molecule terminated by such anchors. To address this issue accordingly, we combined experimental conductance investigations and theoretical molecular simulations, which demon-strates that both thiophene and furan benefiting from -SMe providing additional binding strength are upgraded as bidentate anchors, as evidenced by the increased junction formation probability and their enhanced electrical properties for the -SMe modified molecule. This work thus provides a clear insight of 2-(methylthio)thiophene/furan binding to the Au electrodes, paving the way for their further applications in molecular electronics.

The Right Ventricular (RV) apex has been the standard site for pacing in symptomatic bradyarrhythmias, but chronic RV pacing can cause adverse effects such as atrial arrhythmias and left ventricular dysfunction. Physiological pacing, including His bundle and left bundle pacing, offers alternatives with fewer complications. We present a 66-year-old male with

A multiparty continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) algorithm still remains to be shown, which is the goal of this paper. In contrast to pair-wise discrete quantum key distribution, multiparty CVQKD has the advantage of better detection and measurement with homodyne detectors and higher efficiency quantum networks. We provide a rigorous theoretical argument in addition to a discussion on the relevant experimental conditions for the proposed protocol. Said protocol involves utilizing the quadrature entanglement and phase correlations in noncollinear cascaded spontanous parametric down conversions (SPDC) to share secure keys between N parties involving the quadrature measurement of coherent photon modes. We then build on this to describe the symmetries of potential quantum networks based off the protocol, aiming to maximize the connectivity and security over a single quantum key distribution. We evaluate the protocol in a variety of situations, finding that the protocol does not degrade in security, only efficiency as the number of parties increases as a result of the SPDC conversion efficiencies in different materials.

Wound healing dressings are designed to accelerate the regeneration of skin tissue and return it to its normal physiological activity. Several factors must be considered when designing wound healing dressings, including their mechanical, barrier, adhesive, degradation, and safety properties, as well as their ability to promote tissue regeneration. In this study, natural active small molecule anisaldehyde-tannic acid-zinc ion (AA-TA-Zn 2+) microcapsules by self-assembly and coordination strategies without any carrier or surfactant are constructed, integrating good antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, sustained release, and pH responsiveness. Subsequently, natural small-molecule microcapsules are used to functionalize chitosan-gelatin (CG)-based hydrogels, endowing them with good injectability, adhesion, self-healing, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This multifunctional hydrogel is primarily formed through a fourfold cross-linking mechanism involving Schiff base formation, hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, and electrostatic forces, without the involvement of any chemical synthesis reactions. The microcapsules-loaded hydrogels are shown to kill bacteria around the wound, reduce oxidative stress damage, inhibit the proliferation of inflammatory cells, facilitate the reconstruction of the vascular network, promote the orderly deposition of collagen, facilitate the reconstruction of damaged tissues, clean the micro-environment of the wound areas, and recover the normal immune system, thereby hastening the repair and healing of S. aureus-infected wounds. These advanced multifunctional dressings may therefore have great potential for application in the biomedical field.

IntroductionSARS-COV-2 infection has caused more than one million deaths in the US and significant economic and life expectancy losses [1]. 10-20% of patients infected with SARS-COV-2 develop persistent or new symptoms after acute infection, known as Post covid syndrome. Endothelial dysfunction secondary to vascular inflammation, autoimmunity, residual infection, and persistent inflammation from dysregulated cytokine signature are thought to play a major pathophysiologic role in the development of the syndrome [2]. COVID-19 is known to cause both ANCA-vasculitis and renal disease (tubular and glomerular disease) early during the course of disease and later after the resolution of early infection [3].ANCA (Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is defined as a necrotizing vasculitis with few or no immune deposits and predominantly affecting small vessels and associated with ANCA positivity for myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) or proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) [4]. Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is the most common pattern of injury seen with AAV, and more than 85% of PIGN cases have ANCA positivity [5-6]. Few case reports have shown COVID-19 as a potential trigger for AAV, although its exact role in the occurrence of the vasculitis is not completely understood [7, 8]. Here, we report a unique case of MPO-ANCA positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in a relatively healthy female post-COVID-19 infection.

Fun with Scratch Jr - for Grade 1 This 60-minute interactive session, designed for Grade 1 students of the Kerala State Board, introduces young learners to the basics of Scratch Jr. through an engaging exploration of animals and their sounds. The session combines hands-on learning with technology by encouraging students to create simple animations of animals using Scratch Jr., where each animal "speaks" and makes its respective sound. Students will learn to add sprites, use looks and say blocks, and record sounds within the Scratch Jr. platform. Additionally, they will complete a worksheet to reinforce their understanding of animal recognition and spelling. By the end of the session, students will have developed foundational programming skills while also enhancing their knowledge of animal sounds and spelling, all within a fun, interactive learning environment. This session promotes creativity, collaboration, and technological fluency at an early age.Refer the ppt and worksheet 

Src kinase is one of the key regulators of cellular metabolism dysregulated in numerous diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly, Alzheimer’s disease. Despite its therapeutic importance, its full-length structure has never been obtained before, as it contains an intrinsically disordered regulatory region SH4UD. The SH4UD is crucial for Src activation, functional dimerization and regulation by other kinases. In this study, we used REHT MD approach to obtain the conformational ensemble of full-length Src kinase in its non-phosphorylated state and in presence of its two key regulatory phosphorylations: pY419 and pY530. The representative structures and simulation trajectories of non-phosphorylated, pY419 and pY530 Src are available at Zenodo, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13237004. We demonstrate that pY419 phosphorylation, which is associated with Src activation, enhances its motility, whereas inhibited pY530 Src preserves relatively compact conformation. This study also provides insight into how SH4UD contributes to the Src substrate binding, dimerization and autophosphorylation, highlighting the putative role of 14-RRR-16 in this process. These findings will help to develop highly specific inhibitors to Src kinase and predict its interaction interfaces with its protein partners.

Objectives: Impulsivity is considered a core feature of substance use disorders (SUDs). However, the efficacy of evidence-based treatments for SUDs on this dimension remains a topic of debate, especially considering therapeutic community (TC) interventions for severe forms of these clinical conditions. Therefore, the current study aims at investigating pre- posttreatment changes in levels of impulsivity and related psychological dimensions during a 6-month Dialectical Behavior Therapy skills training program integrated within a TC (DBT-ST-TC) for individuals with severe SUDs. Methods: Impulsivity were assessed through a self-report measure (UPPS-P) and a neuropsychological battery. There were also evaluated levels of mindfulness (FFMQ, MAAS) emotion dysregulation (DERS) and distress tolerance (DTS). Intention-to-treat analysis controlling for baseline levels was performed. Contrast analyses were also conducted in order to compare results of the DBT-ST-TC group with two control groups (i.e., outpatient treatment-seeking individuals with SUDs; healthy controls [HCs]) Results: Sixty-eight patients with SUDs were admitted to the DBT-ST-TC. The clinical control group included 41 treatment-seeking individuals with SUDs. The HC group was composed of 53 participants. Considering pre- posttreatment changes, DBT-ST-TC patients reported that emotion dysregulation slightly improved as well as positive urgency and sensation seeking. Neuropsychological domain of cognitive disinhibition showed the most robust improvement, especially considering no significant differences between DBT-ST-TC group and HCs at the end of 6-month period of observation. Conclusion: The DBT-ST-TC might be a promising intervention for treating impulsivity among patients with severe SUDs. Future long-term outcomes are needed to corroborate and extent these provisional results.

The complexation of mercury (Hg) with dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a pivotal factor influencing transformations, transport, and bioavailability of Hg in aquatic environments. However, identifying these complexes poses a significant challenge because of their exceedingly low concentrations and presence of coexisting ions. In this study, mercury-dissolved organic matter (Hg-DOM) complexes were isolated through solid phase extraction (SPE) from Hg-humic acid suspensions and complexes were putatively identified using ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total Hg analysis before and after SPE showed an increase in DOC:Hg ratio. The DOC:Hg ratio was lower in extracts from cartridges with silica structure bonded with hydrocarbon chains (C18) than priority pollutant cartridges (PPL) cartridges at circumneutral pH, indicating that C18 was more effective at extracting DOM complexed Hg. These results were confirmed with FTICR-MS analysis, where two Hg-DOM complexes were putatively identified from PPL extracts as opposed to nine from C18 (Winnow score >75%). In addition, C 8H 13HgN 2O 2S, a molecular formula with a m/z ratio of 403.04, was identified across three separate extractions using a C18 cartridge, suggesting that the complexes were preserved during extraction and, presumably, electrospray ionization. These results highlight the effectiveness of the methodology developed in this study - SPE coupled with FTICR-MS for isolating and identifying Hg-DOM complexes. This approach allows for the exploration of the elemental and structural composition of Hg-DOM complexes, which affects Hg speciation, bioavailability, and transformations in aquatic ecosystems.

Redefining Artistic Boundaries: The Impact of Generative AI on Creative Processes and Innovation Aditya Chauhan 1

Traumatic aortic and pelvic artery injury successfully treated with emergency TEVAR and vascular embolization: A case reportKanetsugu Nagao1, MD, Shigeyuki Yamashita1, MD, PhD, Kosaku Fuwa1, MD, So Motono1, MD, Norihito Naruto2, MD, Saori Nagura1, MD, PhD, Toshio Doi1, MD, PhD Kazuaki Fukahara1, MD, PhD, Naoki Yoshimura1, MD, PhD1 First Department of Surgery, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan2 Department of Radiology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

Climate change is increasingly leading to more extreme weather events, such as droughts, which pose significant threats to many water bird species. During the winter season of 2022-2023, Poyang Lake, China’s largest freshwater lake, faced its most severe drought on record. This unprecedented event prompted the local government to reaffirm and intensify their proposal for constructing a dam. To evaluate the ecological impact of the drought, we used the White-naped Crane (Antigone vipio) as a case study. By tracking 56 birds with GPS transmitters, we gathered 268,615 valid location data points recorded at hourly intervals. We then developed a model system known as Heterogeneous-Occurrence Species Distribution Models (HOSDMs), which allows for the prediction of habitat suitability while distinguishing between different individual occurrence patterns. This methodology was encapsulated in an R package named migrationR, designed for streamlined analysis. Our findings indicated that the habitat suitability for White-naped Cranes reached its lowest point during this exceptionally dry winter. Reduced water levels forced the cranes to seek alternative habitats, especially shallow water areas for overnight roosting. Regarding the debate on the dam construction, we strongly advocate against an economically driven approach to dam management and instead support an ecologically focused strategy. Ensuring the preservation of the annual flooding cycle should be a fundamental requirement for protecting the habitats of waterbirds.

This case report presents a 20-month-old boy with a history of prematurity, severe intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple comorbidities, including a tracheal bronchus, also known as a "pig bronchus." While tracheal bronchus is increasingly recognized as a more common anatomical variation, symptomatic cases, as seen in this patient, are rare. The condition, characterized by an accessory bronchus originating directly from the trachea, may be associated with recurrent pulmonary infections and can complicate respiratory management. In this case, the patient's chronic CO2 retention and oxygen requirement, particularly during sleep, were likely exacerbated by his underlying lung disease, with the tracheal bronchus potentially acting as an incidental finding. The management of symptomatic tracheal bronchus remains challenging due to the lack of large-scale, controlled studies. This case underscores the importance of a thorough differential diagnosis in pediatric patients with recurrent pulmonary infections and chronic respiratory symptoms, as well as the need for further research to establish standardized management guidelines for symptomatic tracheal bronchus.

While the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) is often straightforward and reliant on correlation between genetic testing and clinical signs and symptoms, there is a subset where the distinction is not nearly as clearcut. This has previously been reported in patients identified through newborn screening but not meeting full CF diagnostic criteria, earning the label of CF Screen Positive, Inconclusive Diagnosis (CFSPID) instead. A homologous diagnostic category in adults is named CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator-Related Disorder (CFTR-RD). Through a retrospective chart review, this study reports on a relatively large adult cohort (n=23) that presented to pulmonology clinic at a single center with intermediate or positive sweat chloride tests but non-diagnostic full CFTR gene analysis. Median sweat chloride result was 48 mmol/L, and a majority of the cohort had chronic lung disease with atypical pathogens on sputum culture, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-tuberculous Mycobacteria, Acinetobacter species, amongst others. This clinical picture suggests CFTR dysfunction or similar mechanism in the absence of an identified genetic cause. Alternate chloride channels and their respective genes or candidates of genetic modifiers to the CF-phenotype could be targets of further research in this cohort or similar patients. Such genetic modifiers include loci that have been implicated in inflammation, the CFTR interactome, and/or co-/post-translational modification of CFTR.

Background: Chemotherapy (CHT) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been described as frequent causes of drug allergy. Currently, rapid drug desensitization (RDD) is a widely recognized and safe procedure extensively used to manage patients with drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR). Nevertheless, despite its effectiveness, RDD can occasionally be hampered by severe breakthrough reactions (BTR) during the procedure, potentially leading to its failure.   Objective: Evaluate the usefulness and safety of adrenaline infusion (AI) as a coadjuvant during RDD in patients with severe DHR during standard desensitization protocols.      Methods: Retrospective observational study, analyzing data from patients who underwent RDD to CHT or mAbs in a tertiary hospital from January-2015 to January-2024. We included patients who required the use of AI to safely achieve RDD after a severe initial DHR or failure of standard RDD protocol due to repeated DHR. Comorbidities, adrenaline doses and adverse events (AE) were assessed.    Results: Forty-two patients met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-seven percent ( n=32) were women with a mean age of 57 years(range 32-83). Most frequent drugs involved in DHR were platinum-salts 58%, mAbs 26% and taxanes 14%. A total of 151 RDD were performed with coadjuvant AI. Skin tests were positive in 69% of patients. The most frequent initial BTR (65%, n=28) was moderate or severe anaphylaxis. The most common adverse events (AE) associated with AI were trembling and tachycardia (14% and 7% respectively). These symptoms subsided after reducing the AI infusion rate. The median cumulative dose of adrenaline administrated during the entire RDD procedure was 0.76µg(IQR 0.4-1.2µg SD 3.05), with a median infusion rate of 8ml/h(IQR 4-15ml/h), and median AI maximum rate of 3.33µg/min(IQR 2-5.3µg/min).       Conclusions: AI is a useful and safe therapeutic tool for selected high-risk desensitization procedures, contributing to mitigate severe DHR with mostly minor AE.

Cryopreservation is the gold standard for preserving high molecular weight (HMW) DNA (>10 kb) in tissue samples. However, frozen tissues are typically thawed either before or during DNA extraction, which can lead to substantial DNA degradation. In this study, we thawed the previously frozen tissues of ten marine species (five fishes and five invertebrates) in the preservatives EDTA (250 mM, pH 10) or ethanol (95%) and maintained them in their respective preservatives for 12 to 24 hours at 4°C before DNA extraction. We then compared the recovery of HMW DNA in these extracts to extracts prepared directly from frozen tissues. To evaluate the effect of these treatments on HMW DNA recovery, we determined the percentage of high molecular weight DNA (%HMW) and yield of HMW DNA normalized by tissue weight (nY) in each DNA extract. The average %HMW values for eight of the ten species and the average nY values for five of the ten species were significantly higher in extracts from EDTA-treated tissues compared to extracts from untreated frozen tissues. For all 10 species, we observed no significant decreases in average %HMW or nY values in extracts of EDTA-thawed tissues compared to those extracted directly from frozen tissues. In contrast, EtOH treatment did not significantly improve the average %HMW or nY values in extracts from tissues of nine of the ten species when compared to extracts prepared directly from frozen tissues. Therefore, investigators may consider EDTA treatment as a simple method for improving HMW DNA recovery from frozen tissues.

Exploring the Boundaries of AI: Creativity, Self-Awareness, and the Future of Intelligent MachinesAuthors:Damont Combs (Corresponding Author)Affiliation: Executive Director, Tell Your TruthEmail: Mrorangelive@gmail.comORCID: 0009-0007-5576-8315Individual Author Contributions (CRediT Taxonomy):Damont Combs: Conceptualization, Writing – Original Draft, Visualization, Investigation, and Project Administration.Suggested Reviewers:Dr. John SmithAffiliation: Professor of Artificial Intelligence, MITEmail: jsmith@mit.eduExpertise: AI, Machine Learning, and EthicsDr. Emily JohnsonAffiliation: Senior Researcher, OpenAIEmail: ejohnson@openai.comExpertise: AI Creativity, Machine LearningDr. Maria ThompsonAffiliation: AI and Robotics Lab, Stanford UniversityEmail: mthompson@stanford.eduExpertise: Robotics, AI, Cognitive SciencePermissions for Reused Figures:Open Research Section:Data Availability Statement:"The data supporting the findings of this article consist of publicly available examples of AI applications in creativity, including AI-generated music, art, and scientific research. These examples and datasets are available in open-access repositories and platforms, such as:AI-generated music compositions (e.g., Beethoven’s unfinished symphony project): https://www.aiva.ai/AI-generated visual art using neural networks (e.g., DeepArt): https://deepart.io/AI research papers and datasets: https://arxiv.org/The data can be accessed through these community-accepted, trusted repositories."Software Availability Statement:"The software used in this research, ChatGPT, is an AI language model developed by OpenAI. It is available as an API and can be accessed through the OpenAI platform at https://platform.openai.com/. For proper citation, please refer to OpenAI’s documentation and research papers on the model."  Abstract:Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved significantly, excelling in data-driven tasks and mimicking creative processes. However, current AI systems lack self-awareness, emotional intelligence, and the capacity for true humanistic creativity. This article explores the limitations of AI in replicating human-like creativity, particularly in areas like art, music, and scientific discovery, and addresses the potential of AI achieving creative autonomy in the future. By examining current examples, such as AI-generated music and art, we investigate how creativity born of human intent differs from AI-driven generation. If AI could develop humanistic creativity, it might not only generate new solutions but also redefine entire fields by producing novel paradigms. This article also discusses the limitations of AI in understanding its own creation, proposing that achieving self-awareness through creativity could mark a transformative shift. The future of AI lies in bridging these gaps, potentially leading to more autonomous, innovative machines that redefine our understanding of creativity.

The study of the spatial point patterns in ecology, such as the records of the observed locations of trees, shrubs, nests, burrows, or documented animal presence, relies on multivariate point process models. This study aims to compare the efficacy and applicability of two prominent multivariate point process models, the multivariate log Gaussian Cox process (MLGCP) and the Saturated Pairwise Interaction Gibbs Point Process model (SPIGPP) , highlighting their respective strengths and weaknesses in various scenarios. Using synthetic and real datasets, we assessed both models based on their predictive accuracy of the empirical K function (can we say this?). Our analysis revealed that both MLGCP and SPIGPP effectively identify and capture mild to moderate attractions and regulations. MLGCP struggles to capture repulsive associations as they intensify. In contrast, SPIGPP can well estimates both the direction and magnitude of interactions even when the model is miss-specified. Both models present unique advantages: MLGCP is particularly effective when there is a need to account for complex, unobserved heterogeneities that vary across space, while SPIGPP is suitable when interactions between points are the primary focus. The choice between these models should be guided by the specific needs of the research question and data characteristics.

Diabetic cystopathy (DCP) is a prevalent urinary complication in diabetes. Late-stage DCP can cause chronic urinary retention, significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life and even posing a risk to their lives. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the pathogenesis and pathological characteristics of DCP. This study aims to utilize proteomics-related methods to uncover the pathogenesis of DCP by analyzing the differential protein expression profiles in the bladder tissue of diabetic rats and normal rats. Morphological analysis revealed notable changes in the bladder tissue of diabetic rats, including significant inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fiber deposition. Immunohistological examination demonstrated increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation in the bladder tissue of diabetic rats. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified a total of 280 differentially expressed proteins between the two groups, with 193 proteins being down-regulated and 87 proteins being up-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways indicated significant changes in protein expression profiles and signaling pathways in the bladder of diabetic rats. Additionally, transcription factor analysis revealed that the insulin-like growth factor-related protein family was the most affected. This study provides valuable evidence for identifying potential genes for the treatment of diabetic bladder.

Background: Episiotomy rates remain high in some regions, despite questions about its benefits. This study investigates the prevalence of episiotomy in a rural Ethiopian hospital (2019) and explores links between episiotomy use, labor complications (vacuum deliveries), and newbornhealth (low Apgar scores).Methods: A cross-sectional study reviewed 300 vaginal deliveries at Batu General Hospital from January-March 2019. We analyzed data on maternal age, mode of delivery, neonate sex, first-minute Apgar score, and episiotomy use.Results: Episiotomy was performed in 26% (78/300) of deliveries. Mothers who delivered with vacuum assistance were 15.17 times more likely to experience episiotomy compared to those with spontaneous vaginal delivery. Deliveries with low Apgar scores had 6.11 times higher odds of episiotomy compared to normal Apgar scores.Conclusion: This study highlights a high episiotomy rate in this setting.Labor complications, particularly those requiring instrumental deliveriesand resulting in low Apgar scores, are significantly associated withepisiotomy use. Further investigation is needed to determine if reducingunnecessary episiotomy is feasible while ensuring safe deliveries formothers and newborns in this context.  

Among the diseases affecting humans, dengue is the second most common mosquito-borne after malaria; according to the World Health Organization (WHO), most dengue cases occur in Asia-Pacific regions, Africa, and North/South America. This male is transmitted to humans from female mosquitoes of the Aedes genus (principally A. aegypti) through a single bite and caused by the dengue virus (DENV), a pathogen classified as Flavivirus ( Flaviviridae family). It is an acute febrile infectious disease, which may present benignly or severely. Indole nucleus has been in the spotlight due to its numerous pharmacological properties and relevance to the discovery of drug candidates. Accordingly, several reviews in the literature report the pharmacological potential of indole derivatives against multiple diseases. On this matter, this review proposal is to examine the recent four-year advances in the fields of Natural Products, Medicinal Chemistry, and Computer Aided Drug Design in the search of indole-based promising anti-dengue agents.