Diversity is essential for fostering innovation and improving organizational performance. Yet, it remains undervalued in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, leading to higher rates of mental health issues, burnout, and attrition among marginalized groups. This study aimed to examine the facilitators and barriers affecting LGBTQ+ STEM students, particularly those pursuing careers with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), using an intersectionality framework. The study recruited (N = 15) LGBTQ+ undergraduate STEM students who were guided through semi-structured interviews carried out via Zoom. Thematic analysis revealed three major facilitator themes focused on supportive familial and academic relationships, institutional symbols of inclusion, and individual strengths enhancing students’ sense of belonging and career aspirations. Conversely, four major barrier themes focused on unsupportive interpersonal interactions, identity management stressors, stigma related to gender and sexual identity, and structural barriers contributing to exclusion and marginalization. Policy implications emphasize the importance of reinforcing diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility commitments, actively opposing discriminatory laws, and developing mentorship programs. NASA’s continued commitment to inclusivity and challenging stereotypes is vital for creating a supportive and innovative workforce in STEM fields.

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) Australians experience high unemployment rates and workplace discrimination based on gender identity, despite protections under federal law. There is, however, limited research on the specific experiences and perceptions of TGD people in the Australian STEM workplace. To investigate young adults’ perceptions of TGD people in STEM, we conducted a series of simulated, semi-structured interviews in virtual reality, during which cisgender participants (N = 81) embodied transgender or cisgender virtual avatars and interacted with a transgender virtual interviewer. Our thematic analysis explores patterns of meaning across participant responses regarding popularised STEM workplace policies. Given the Australian socio-political environment, identified themes suggest different levels of engagement with TGD inclusion, highlighting the influence of public discourse on acknowledgment of TGD rights and resistance to changing a cisgender-heteronormative status quo. We classify achievements, challenges, and areas for intervention that highlight gaps between symbolic progress and genuine inclusion. Tokenistic actions appear progressive but fail to address systemic inequities, while informed inclusion requires cultural shifts toward challenging gender essentialism and embracing TGD lived experiences. By committing to meso-level institutional initiatives and consulting on macro-level societal policies, STEM stakeholders can establish standards for progress and improve TGD inclusion in the STEM workplace.

Introduction – Uncontrolled asthma is common in children and is associated with a decline in lung function. Repeated personalised assessments of the reasons for inadequate control should including evaluations of the patients’ surroundings. This can be support by Indoor Environmental Advisors (IEAs). This cohort study aimed to assess the impact on asthma control of routine assessment of children’s home by IEAs. Methods – Children aged 4 to 18 years who had asthma severity grades of 3 to 5 according to Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines were enrolled. Asthma control was evaluated using the standardized Asthma Control Test (ACT) before and 3 months after the IEA visit. Results – We enrolled 15 children with moderate-to-severe asthma. Asthma control improved significantly after the IEA visit (p=0.004). The percentage of children with uncontrolled asthma decreased from 64.3% before IEA visit to 27.3% at 3 months, and none of the patients had 2 exacerbations or more within the 3 months after the visit. IEA identified environmental issues whose remediation could likely contribute to improve asthma control. However, there are still barriers to the implementation of IEA that would be beneficial to remove. Conclusion – Our results support the inclusion of IEA interventions as part of the standard care pathway for children with asthma.

The CHO VRC01 cell line produces an anti-HIV IgG1 monoclonal antibody containing N-linked glycans on both the Fab (variable) and Fc (constant) regions. Site-specific glycan analysis was used to measure the complex effects of cell culture process conditions on Fab and Fc glycosylation. Experimental data revealed major differences in glycan fractions across the two sites. Bioreactor pH was found to influence fucosylation, galactosylation, and sialylation in the Fab region and galactosylation in the Fc region. To understand the complex effects of process conditions on site-specific N-linked glycosylation, a kinetic model of site-specific N-linked glycosylation was developed. The model parameters provided mechanistic insights into the differences in glycan fractions observed in the Fc and Fab regions. Enzyme activities calculated from the model provided insights into the effect of bioreactor pH on site-specific N-linked glycosylation. Model predictions were experimentally tested by measuring glycosyltransferase-enzyme mRNA-levels and intracellular nucleotide sugar concentrations. The model was used to demonstrate the effect of increasing galactosyltransferase activity on site-specific N-linked glycan fractions. Experiments involving galactose and MnCl 2 supplementation were used to test model predictions. The model is capable of providing insights into experimentally measured data and also of making predictions that can be used to design media supplementation strategies.

Objective To analyzed epidemiology and clinical feature of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) in Xiamen, China, and to compare RSV infections before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods From January 2017 to December 2023, medical records of inpatients aged under 5 years with lower respiratory infection with RSV infections were reviewed. The epidemiology and clinical features were analyzed. Results The peak of RSV epidemiology was shifted from September (pre-COVID-19) to June-September (during and post-COVID-19). The proportion of patients aged over 2 years increased during and post-COVID-19 period (29.5% and 35.2% vs 14.9%, P<0.01). Compared with pre-COVID-19 period, fever was more prevalent during and post-COVID-19 period (70.5% and 76.0% vs 51.6%, P<0.01). The incidence of oxygen supplement and ventilator usage was higher in the post-COVID-19 period compared with pre-COVID-19 period (43.2% vs 28.8% and 10.4% vs 2.3%, P<0.01). Clinical characteristics across the three period by age stratified noted increased disease severity in children aged under 6 months, with higher incidence of ventilator usage and ICU admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-COVID-19 period(P<0.015), while disease severity was similar in children aged over 2years across three phases. Binary logistic regression analyses for risk factors of ICU admission showed that younger age (adjusted OR 2.7,95% CI 1.9-3.8, P <0.001), tachypnea (adjusted OR 3.4,95% CI 2.2-5.4, P <0.001) were the significant independent risk factors associated with ICU admissions in RSV infection. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has altered RSV epidemiology and clinical characteristics, increased severity was observed in children aged under 6 months during these periods. These findings underscore the need for continued surveillance of RSV patterns in the post-COVID-19 era and adaptive prevention strategies.

Ongoing ecosystem change and biodiversity decline across the Afrotropics call for tools to monitor the state of African biodiversity or ecosystem elements (e.g., completeness and integrity) across extensive spatial and temporal scales. We assessed relationships in the co-occurrence patterns between great apes and other mammals, to evaluate if ape abundance serves as proxies of mammal diversity across broad spatial scales. We used camera trap footage recorded at 22 sites, each known to harbor a population of chimpanzees and/or gorillas, across 12 sub-Saharan African countries. From ~350,000 1-minute camera trap videos recorded between 2010 and 2016, we estimated mammalian community metrics [i.e., (species) richness, (Shannon) diversity, and body mass (hereafter simplified as “animal mass”)]—considering only medium and large-bodied species — and fitted Bayesian Regression Models to assess potential relationships between ape abundances and these metrics. We included site-level protection status, human footprint, and precipitation variance as control variables. We found that relationships between the abundance of great apes and the total abundance and body mass of non-ape mammals were largely positive. In contrast, relationships between ape abundance and mammal richness were less clear, except chimpanzee abundance as a predictor of mammalian richness inside protected areas and areas with high human impact. Relationships between ape abundance and mammal diversity were largely negative for both species, in that sites with higher ape abundances had mammalian communities with relatively uneven abundance distributions. Our findings suggest that gorillas and chimpanzees hold potential as indicators of specific elements of mammalian communities, especially population-level (abundance) and composition-related (body mass) characteristics. Monitoring ape populations may inform ecosystem management: declines in ape populations may serve as early warning signals and indicate a need for conservation interventions, as changes in ape abundance and community composition are likely to precede extirpation of other mammal species.

home NIV for children must consider the key role of the interface, in addition to selecting the ventilatory mode and settings. Acceptance and adherence to NIV often depend on the time spent selecting the right mask, as well as on regular and careful attention to preventing and addressing various issues that arise during NIV

last year's publications constitute an important step in the care of children with oSDB. The time has come to abandon the sacrosanct Apnea-Hypopnea Index as the sole marker on which we base all decisions for managing children with oSDB. We are entering a new era where better phenotyping of oSDB in children will enable personalized medicine

IntroductionPneumoconiosis is a parenchymal lung disease caused by inhaling various mineral dust, causing parenchymal lung reactions, resulting in fibrotic or non-fibrotic parenchymal lesions (1). Despite a decline in its incidence rate since 1990; global pneumoconiosis cases have increased globally, from 36,186 in 1990 to 60,555 in 2017. The irreversibility of lung damage and its debilitating nature have made it one of the most important occupational diseases (2). In China alone, pneumoconiosis accounted for 90% of occupational diseases in 2018 (3). Common types of pneumoconiosis include asbestosis, silicosis, and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP)(2).CWP develops due to prolonged exposure to coal dust, leading to varied clinical presentations. On one side, patients have near-normal lung function with few symptoms and no change in mortality rate, diagnosed as simple CWP, also known as anthracosis. On the other side, patients experience reduced lung function, symptoms such as dyspnea and chronic cough, and a higher risk of mortality rate, diagnosed as complicated CWP, also known as progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) (4). CWP can manifest as mediastinal lymphadenopathy, fibrosis, nodules, consolidation, or masses requiring differentiation from other malignancies or treatable conditions like tuberculosis (5).Here, we report a case of CWP in a 75-year-old female with a history of cured breast cancer cancer posing a diagnostic challenge due to its presentation as a left upper lobe lung mass resembling lung cancer.

This study examined the relationship between lower-limb muscle strength and temporal preparation in elderly adults. Time-frequency analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) was employed to investigate neural oscillations during cognitive processes over time. Forty older adults were divided into higher (HSG, 70.40 ± 5.15 years) and lower muscle strength (LSG, 71.43 ± 4.86 years) groups based on quadriceps strength estimated via a manual muscle test. Additionally, a Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was conducted to assess their risk of falls. A choice reaction time (RT) task with randomly varying foreperiods (FPs) and requiring lower-limb motor responses was used to examine the temporal preparation ability of the lower limbs. The HSG outperformed the LSG on both the TUG test and the cognitive task, and also demonstrated stronger modulation of oscillatory beta power during the late period of longer FP trials. Notably, both groups did not exhibit a significant FP effect on the task, indicating an age-related decline in the ability to utilize temporal information. In summary, the results of this study suggest that lower-limb muscle strength may play a compensatory role in mitigating age-related decline in temporal preparation and may also contribute to a reduced risk of fall.

Since Neotropical insectivorous bats (IB) often share feeding sites and preys, their coexistence must likely depend on processes promoting divergence at trophic niche dimensions. Here we conducted DNA metabarcoding analyses of diets and activity times of three coexisting aerial hawking IB species — Molossus molossus, Eptesicus furinalis, and Myotis nigricans — from rice fields in the Venezuelan Llanos, aiming to understand their patterns of trophic niche partitioning. Insect preys were identified using DNA sequences obtained from bat fecal samples and compared against GenBank and a local sequence database. Additionally, we recorded bat vocalizations over rice fields simultaneously with the bat captures. We compared diversity, composition, and breadth of the three IB diets, and employed statistical models to understand: (1) the dietary and activity time overlap among IB species, and (2) the effect of IB species’ morphology and hunting strategies over prey’s hardness and flight speed. We found high prey richness for M. molossus (32 families), M. nigricans (19 families), and E. furinalis (13 families). Bats exhibited differences in prey richness, proportions, types consumed, and in their activity periods. For instance, as expected from its larger size and fast flight, we found that M. molossus prefers larger, fast-flying, and medium-to-high sclerotized preys such as Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, with hunting activities starting and peaking significantly earlier than in the other two bat species. On the other hand, also agreeing with its size and flight type, M. nigricans exhibits a significant preference for small, slow-flying, and weekly sclerotized preys such as Diptera, although with relatively high dietary and temporal overlaps with E. furinalis. Thus, in concordance with niche theory predictions, the coexistence between these bats, particularly between M. molossus and the other two species, seems enhanced by reduced competition driven by divergence at trophic niche dimensions.

Photodegradation caused by solar radiation is widely recognized as a significant factor influencing litter decomposition and nutrient cycling across ecosystems. To comprehensively assess its impact, we conducted a meta-analysis of 27 published studies focusing on the effects of UV radiation on litter decomposition in situ. Our analysis aimed to identify how various experimental and environmental factors modulate these effects. In arid ecosystems, reducing UV radiation significantly increased the remaining litter mass by 18.63%, whereas in semi-arid ecosystems, this effect was observed to a lesser extent at 2.74%. In arid ecosystems, mean annual temperature (MAT) and altitude were identified as controlling factors for litter photodegradation, while in other ecosystems, litter quality played a predominant role. Despite these variations, the meta regression result in arid and other ecosystems was consistent, whereas semi-arid ecosystems exhibited a contrary trend. Our meta-analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of litter photodegradation dynamics, highlighting its variability across ecosystem types, climatic conditions, litter chemical characteristics, decomposition durations, and experimental methodologies. These insights enhance our ability to predict how terrestrial nutrient cycling will respond to future increases in aridity due to global changes.

Vegetation is the hub of the process of connecting the earth's key zones, and it is an important factor for ecological improvement in arid regions. In the context of increasing global drought, human activities have exacerbated the occurrence of droughts. What are the differences in the response and recovery characteristics of different vegetation to drought? Does vegetation have enough ecological resilience to cope with future drought? Discussing and analyzing these questions will help to improve the prediction capacity of terrestrial ecosystem response in arid regions under climate change, and optimize the water resource carrying capacity of arid regions under changing environments. However, the existing research mainly focuses on the sensitivity of vegetation to drought, evaluating one aspect of vegetation resistance or recovery, and lacking a comprehensive quantitative evaluation method of vegetation ecological resilience. This paper attempts to improve the quantitative method of vegetation resistance and resilience to drought by using the gross primary productivity of vegetation, and then synthesizes the two indicators of vegetation resistance and resilience to construct an evaluation method of vegetation ecological resilience under drought stress, and uses the quantitative results of ecological resilience to identify vegetation ecological vulnerable areas. Taking the Yellow River Basin as an example, the evaluation results showed that the overall vegetation ecological resilience of the Yellow River Basin under drought stress showed a downward trend from 1982 to 2018, indicating that the ecological vulnerability of the Yellow River Basin has increased. Spatially, the distribution of low resilience in arid and semi-arid areas in the north and high resilience in river source and downstream areas is presented. The ecological resilience of forestland vegetation is highest, the ecological resilience of grassland vegetation is lowest, and the ecological resilience of cultivated land vegetation is between forestland and grassland.

Cooperative on-ramp merging control for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) can significantly enhance traffic flow and fuel efficiency at highway merging points. However, in mixed traffic scenarios where CAVs coexist with human-driven vehicles (HDVs), the unpredictable behavior of HDVs poses challenges to safety and coordination. While many cooperative merging strategies focus on individual CAV control, fewer have addressed the coordination of multiple CAVs in such settings. This study introduces an optimization-based cooperative merging strategy for all CAVs within a control zone, considering interactions with HDVs of uncertain intentions. A key innovation is the strategic influence of CAVs on HDV behavior by slowing down the CAV preceding HDVs, thereby allowing other CAVs on the adjacent road to merge in front of the HDVs with reduced uncertainty. The optimal slowdown pattern is identified by evaluating CAV throughput across various candidate patterns, with dynamic optimization applied at each time a new vehicle enters the control zone to effectively manage HDV uncertainties. Experimental results from various mixed-traffic scenarios show that the proposed strategy reduces the average travel time delay (ATTD) by up to 54% compared to the first-in-first-out (FIFO) benchmark.

Note:  Architecture optimization of traditional multi-element and multi-technological optical circuits is possible using the unique optical behavior of nano-optics, integrated "self-integration" can be achieved by layering one over the other to create overall optical effects. broughtSpatial integration can be achieved by organizing different optical functions into an array structure through repeating nanopatterns. Composite integration is achieved by adding a nano-optical layer(s) to functional optical materials.

Note: In nanotechnology, from modern techniques of molecular simulation to a general framework for the interpretation of AFM images, especially  the analysis of atomic mechanisms that determine the force changes that the microscope measures and the contrast of the image, producesThe recent advent of high-resolution imaging and force spectroscopy using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in organic and inorganic solutions opens the way to imaging a wide variety of surfaces and their solvent structure.  However, to take full advantage of the high resolution and provide significant new analytical capability, a detailed understanding of the background contrast mechanisms that lead to atomic and molecular resolution is critical.  Without a theory that connects the measured force to atomic models of the surface and tip of the microscope, the information that can be distilled from these measurements is limited. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the forces acting on the microscope tip result from the direct interaction between a tip and a surface and are entirely due to the structure of water around the tip and surface.  The observed force depends on a tip structure, and the balance is between the mainly repulsive potential energy changes as the tip approaches the surface and the entropic increase, which is sterically prevented from occupying sites near the tip and the water surface.  Understanding the interplay of these various components that contribute to the force of microscopy measurements is critical to the interpretation of high-resolution images of solution interfaces.

During an intensive study of the urban population of the Blackbird Turdus merula in Szczecin (1997-2023), four cases of surrogate copulation were observed in the Blackbird and three in the Fieldfare Turdus pilaris. In three cases birds (Blackbirds twice and Fieldfare once) try to copulate with fledglings of their own species, in all other cases the birds try to copulate with moss and sticks. In three cases copulation attempts were done by adult birds (two blackbirds and one fieldfare), in four cases it was a fledgling.

Limnebius water beetles exhibit exceptionally high diversification of male genitalia but a uniform external appearance. We examined a connection between the magnitude of interspecific variability in each subgroup and static allometry between male genitalia and body size. Several lineages with simple genitalia show low diversification of body and male genitalia. High magnitude is caused by diversification among lineages with different complexity compositions of male genitalia and clusters of species with small and large body sizes. In the Limnebius parvulus group high intraspecific variability corresponds between the coefficients of static allometry, size of male genitalia, variabilities of female body size, indicating a role of the females in the selection of wide and long male genitalia. The general evolutionary trend of the genera fits with the superposition of all intraspecific allometries. It is usually neutral; negative is associated with local picks of the male genitalia complexity, featuring a trade-off between size and complexity, reflected in the magnitude of the corresponding values, Positive was observed only on the populational level, with negative allometry in the same species in a rapidly evolving species complex in the L. nitidus group. The L. nitidus subgroup exposes the highest magnitude of the male genitalia complexity and the ventral area, evolving faster than length. Intraspecific heterogeneity is also featured by two specimens with long genitalia in species from the same subgroup, with the simplest male genitalia in its subgenera. The phylogenetic position of both heterogeneous species featuring abrupt changes in male genitalia illustrates macroevolution on a microevolutionary level.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a non-invasive technique stimulating vagal afferent fibers, showing promise in treating neurological and mental disorders. taVNS is believed to activate the locus coeruleus (LC), promoting noradrenergic activation (NA), which enhances arousal and attention. However, evidence for the LC-NA hypothesis is mixed, and investigations in different sensory modalities are lacking. This study investigated whether taVNS enhances standard NA markers along with neural processing in three sensory modalities (auditory, respiratory, and somatosensory). In a two-day Sham-controlled crossover protocol, 45 healthy adults received taVNS at the cymba concha and Sham stimulation at the earlobe. During stimulation, participants experienced paired auditory clicks, inspiratory occlusions and electrocutaneous stimuli, while EEG was acquired. Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and subjective experienced arousal were measured at pre-/end-stimulation. Resting-state EEG was measured pre-/post-stimulation to assess alpha-band (8-13Hz) oscillation power, and participants rated the intensity and unpleasantness of all stimuli. Auditory-, respiratory-related-, and somatosensory evoked potentials were measured, specifically P50, N1, and P2 components, as well as the P50/N1 amplitude difference of the second and the first stimulus in the pair (neural gating; S2-S1). Although no effects in P50 or N1 amplitudes were observed, P2 amplitudes in auditory and somatosensory blocks increased during taVNS. Self-reported arousal increased in the taVNS condition, with no effects on neural gating, sAA concentration, or resting-state alpha power. taVNS had no effect on self-reported intensity/unpleasantness of stimuli. These results highlight certain limitations posed by combining taVNS and EEG, and underline the need for further mechanistic and clinical taVNS research.

Current data on the nature of aggressive individuals’ difficulties in reappraising their spontaneous hostile intent attribution are contradictory: they are impulsive and don’t seek out for additional nonhostile cues vs. they pay attention to nonhostile cues but fail to integrate them into their hostile schemas. To better understand the nature of aggressive people’s reappraisal difficulties, we developed an event-related brain potential (ERP) protocol inspired by Zaki’s (2013) cue integration model. The objective of this study was to track the neural activity associated with the violation of expectations about hostile vs. nonhostile intentions in aggressive and nonaggressive individuals when facing conflicting contextual and behavioral cues in a given social situation. We hypothesized that aggressive individuals do not integrate nonhostile contextual information and, therefore, overestimate the behavioral hostile cues. Our sample consisted of women from the community (n=23) and a prison (n=20). Taken together, the results suggest that aggressive individuals demonstrate an impulsivity in their decision-making about other people’s intentions. This would be the case, not because they fail to seek out mitigating information, but rather because they fail to complete the inferential processes about the hostile and nonhostile information before making a judgement about the other’s intent. In contrast with aggressive individuals, non-aggressive people would be able to make a decision when facing conflicting information about the other’s mental state by privileging contextual cues in order to attenuate their attribution of hostile intention based on the behavior of others.

One of the resting state networks is the default mode network (DMN); the DMN is primarily concerned with self-perception, orientation, and memory. Although EEG-DMN has been suggested to be active in the ultra-low frequency band below 1 Hz based on fMRI studies, the characteristics of the network have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we measured EEG-DMN during the eye-closed resting state(EC), eye-open resting state(EO), and mental arithmetic with eye-close(CA), and analyzed network activity using phase locking value(PLV), an index of phase-locking, which is one of the functional connectivity. The results showed that functional connectivity between regions (frontal, central, posterior, occipital) including DMN-related regions in SubDelta (0.01-0.1Hz) was significantly higher during eye-closed resting state than during mental arithmetic with eye-close (EC PLV - CA PLV in Frontal-Posterior = 0.062). In contrast, in the high frequency band(Theta), PLV during mental arithmetic with eye-close was significantly higher than during eye-closed resting between Occipital-Right temporal (EC PLV – CA PLV in Posterior-Right temporal = -0.051). This finding is similar to previous studies and suggests that the analysis of functional connectivity in the very low-frequency band below 0.1 Hz can reveal EEG-DMN activity. This result indicates that DMN activity can be captured not only by fMRI and intracranial EEG (iEEG) but also by cortical EEG. This will contribute to the elucidation of the pathology of diseases with reported abnormal DMN activity, such as depression and dementia, as well as to the further elucidation of DMN function.

While physiological stress responses have been well investigated in individuals, the effects of stress on interpersonal physiological processes have been studied less frequently. In the current study, we focused on how stress affects physiological synchrony (PS) – i.e., the alignment of physiological changes across individuals – an established phenomenon characterizing social interactions. We hypothesized that PS, specifically cardiac PS, would be altered in romantic couples if one of the partners was exposed to a standardized stressor. In a preregistered study, N = 75 couples (mean age = 22.66 ±2.99, 51% female) were separated upon arrival in the laboratory. In n = 38 dyads, one partner was exposed to a laboratory stressor while the other completed a non-stressful control task (stress dyads), in the other dyads both partners underwent the control paradigm (control dyads). Afterward, partners were reunited, completing a non-verbal synchronization, a walking, and a free interaction task. Partners rated their own and each others’ affect throughout the experiment. Compared to a non-interactive baseline, PS increased during the partners’ interaction. Cardiac synchrony related to parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity was lower in stress compared to control dyads. Further, participants were more accurate in estimating their partner’s emotional valence if their partner was non-stressed. Our findings indicate the disruption of especially PNS-related PS. This highlights that stress is not only an intra- but also interpersonal phenomenon whose effects on the interpersonal physiology of social interactions should be further investigated.

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Previous studies have shown that monetary incentives can improve response inhibition when emotional stimuli are used as background distractors. However, investigations of response inhibition to an emotional stimulus when it is the target have rarely been performed. The present study aimed to explore the effects of monetary gain and loss expectations on response inhibition to angry facial expressions using an emotional Stop-signal task, combining event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) to explore the underlying neural mechanisms. Incentive cues (gain, loss, or neutral) were followed by a neutral face target (Go trial) or neutral face turning into an angry face target (Stop trial), with response contingent feedback then presented. Behavioral results revealed that monetary loss anticipation accelerated go responses, but comparable stop signal response times were found between monetary gain and loss conditions. EEG results revealed that monetary incentive cues modulated the ERP components and cue delta in the anticipatory stage, with a stronger effect in the incentive conditions relative to the neutral condition. In the task stage, the Go-P3 and Stop-P3 components tracked the response execution and response inhibition processes in the Go and Stop trials, respectively, aligning with behavioral performance. For the feedback period, the feedback-related negativity amplitudes, as well as the neural oscillations (fb-delta/theta), tracked both the incentive valence and the outcome type. These results suggest that monetary gain and loss cues enhanced response inhibition to emotional facial information, with monetary loss conditions having stronger effects than the gain conditions in the cue-P2 and target-P3 components.