A document by Emanuele Bozzi. Click on the document to view its contents.

Cardiovascular imaging, a fundamental component in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases, has a great potential for evolution with the advent of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and the metaverse. 1,2 These innovations promise to enhance diagnostic accuracy, streamline workflows, and transform patient-clinician interactions. However, their true impact on clinical practice remains a topic of debate. 3 While AI’s potential to automate image analysis is actively being explored, the roles of VR and the metaverse are less clear, often appearing more aspirational than immediately practical. 4 This article presents an opinion challenging established thinking about these technologies, focusing on whether they will truly revolutionize cardiovascular imaging or simply augment current approaches without fundamentally changing the landscape.

Despite extensive research on stochastic parameters, the relations between such parameters and their impacts on system behaviors have not been fully characterized. These relations are affected by various external conditions and complicated internal processes, making them difficult to define with sufficient accuracy. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the machine utilization parameter and machine failure-rate parameter. Fuzzy set theory is adopted to represent this uncertain relation. The fuzzy relation is formulated in terms of fuzzy triangular coefficients, and a fuzzy-relation-based Petri-net (FR-PN) is established to model the system behaviors and optimize the system performance. The modeling approach is illustrated through a typical example of a flexible manufacturing cell. A fuzzy chance-constrained programming model is established on the basis of the state equilibrium equations of the FR-PN. Our analysis shows that the proposed FR-PN has a greater generalized modeling ability than a conventional fuzzy-parameter-based Petri-net. For the typical flexible manufacturing cell, the unique optimal machine processing-time parameters obtained for various fuzzy coefficients demonstrate that our results are more realistic than those given by the conventional approach. The machine utilization rate obtained by the proposed FR-PN is superior to that given by the fuzzy-parameter-based Petri-net.

A document by Clive Spenser. Click on the document to view its contents.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Pancreatic cancer (PACA) remains the most aggressive tumor, with no observed improvement in prognosis over the last decade. The current TNM staging system, which is based on anatomic structure, is not effective in precisely identifying patients who would respond well to treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for suitable biomarkers in precision medicine. Regulated cell death (RCD) is a controlled mechanism directed by genes that eliminate infected, damaged, or sick cells. It is unclear, however, how exactly the majority of RCD patterns regulate the microenvironment of PACA. The study utilized a range of bioinformatics techniques to investigate the involvement of diverse types of RCD patterns in PACA. The aim was to gain fresh perspectives on the prognosis and treatment of PACA. The study conducted a screening of RCD-related genes using consensus cluster analysis, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and univariate Cox regression based on the expression files of 1576 PACA patients from 12 multicenter cohorts. Furthermore, the study developed the RCDS signature utilizing 101 machine-learning algorithms, which consisted of six genes (UNC13D, GAPDH, VEGFA, ANGPTL4, CREB3L1, and NT5E). The performance of RCDS signature in predicting the prognosis of PACA patients was superior to those of clinical features such as grade, stage, and age. Additionally, the RCDS signature has a guiding influence on immunotherapy based on the characteristics of the immunological score, immune cell infiltration level, and immunotherapy markers.

Variations in venous circulation can affect either the superior or inferior vena cava, with diagnoses often being incidental and presenting with highly variable symptoms. This case discusses the detection and investigation of bilateral superior vena cava agenesis in an asymptomatic patient. Systemic venous anomalies affecting the superior vena cava (SVC) are rare developmental disorders that occur during embryological development. SVC anomalies are usually asymptomatic but can complicate procedures such as cardiac catheterization, systemic venous cannulation for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and transvenous pacemaker implantation[1](#ref-0001). These anomalies are typically diagnosed through echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or during failed cardiac or venous catheterization due to IVC course anomalies[2](#ref-0002). They are more common in males and may be associated with congenital heart diseases, rhythm disturbances, or both[3](#ref-0003). The most common SVC anomalies include the presence of bilateral SVC and the absence of the right SVC with persistent left SVC[4](#ref-0004). Bilateral SVC absence is extremely rare.

Human growth and development entail dynamic changes in bodily dimensions, yet motor proficiency seems to remain consistent over time. This study examines the latency of Transcranial Motor Evoked Potentials (TcMEPs) across various age groups to assess whether motor velocity adjustments are necessary with age. Data were collected from 100 patients undergoing surgery with intraoperative neuromonitoring at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, between January 1, 2019, and January 1, 2020. TcMEP recordings were analysed for seven commonly monitored muscles across seven age groups: <10 years, 10-19 years, 20-29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years, 50-59 years, and >60 years. The study found no significant differences in MEP latency with age, suggesting that motor response latency remains stable despite variations in bodily dimensions across different age groups. These results contribute to understanding motor proficiency and its stability over the human lifespan.

Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common type of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, marked by significant clinical and biological variability. Standard first-line treatment cures about 60% of patients, while 30-40% either do not respond or relapse. Current prognostic tools often fail to predict relapses accurately. The tumor cell’s origin accounts for some heterogeneity. Exosomes, small vesicles released by various cells, facilitate intercellular communication and are found in all bodily fluids. Analyzing exosomes for nucleic acids and proteins may provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic insights for DLBCL. We conducted literature searches using Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar using the keywords “exosomes”, “HIV”, “DLBCL”, “miRNA”, and “viruses”. We found 89 articles, of which 56 met our inclusion criteria and had their significant findings assimilated into our review. Exosomes and their cargo show potential as non-invasive biomarkers for DLBCL patients. Undifferentiated naive cells exposed to exosomes containing trans-activating response element RNA are more susceptible to HIV, which can be both stimulated and inhibited by exosomes, depending on their source. Thus, targeting exosomes may be a viable approach for reducing inflammation. Our review of 56 articles indicates that analyzing exosome nucleic acids can offer prognostic insights for DLBCL patients. Exosomes are linked to drug resistance in hematopoietic malignancies and can both stimulate and inhibit HIV. Additionally, differential expression of miRNAs in DLBCL has been observed. Overall, this study highlights the potential of exosomes for diagnosis, prognosis, disease burden assessment, and understanding drug resistance.

A Case of severe septicemia withChromobacterium violaceum in BangladeshAuthors Name: Tuhin Sadique1, Asif Reza Khan1, Dilruba Ahmed1, Fazlul Kabir1, Anup Chowdhury1, Nazrul Islam1, Farhana Halim1, Nasrin Akter1, Shoeb Bin Islam1*Author Affiliations: 1Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Office of Executive Director (OED), icddr,b; Mohakhali Dhaka 1212*Correspondence: Dr. Shoeb Bin Islam, Assistant Scientist, Hospitals, icddr,b, Mohakhali Dhaka 1212, E-mail: shoeb@icddrb.org, Phone: +8801712061698Keywords: Public health, Global health, Infectious disease

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown This article presents a method for asymmetric formal cross-dehydrogenative coupling of benzylic alcohols with ketones through combined electrooxidation and organocatalysis. Employing inexpensive and environmentally friendly proline as a chiral organocatalyst, various benzylic alcohols and simple ketones serve as substrates to directly obtain diverse chiral β-hydroxycarbonyl compounds with moderate to good yields (up to 85%) and excellent stereoselectivity (up to 99% ee and 99:1 dr). The reaction proceeds under mild conditions at room temperature in air, without oxidants or additives, demonstrating robust functional group tolerance and atom efficiency. Hydrogen gas released at the cathode is the sole byproduct. Using L- or D-proline allows straightforward access to both chiral configurations of β-hydroxycarbonyl compounds.

The use of autonomous robots has grown in popularity during the last few years. Robots, including such wheeled and legged autonomous robots, have become such a simple answer to dull, dirty, and hazardous chores. Outdoor applications, like as on a muddy road, are possible with legged robots is harder to control and has a high cost because to its intricate structure. Despite TWSBMRs are best used on a homogeneous surface, they can also be used to substitute legged robots. Two Wheeled Self -Balancing Mobile Robots (TWSBMR) outperform other types of wheeled robots. TWSBMR occupies less space and is capable of zero-radius manoeuvring. The system dynamics modelling of the TWSBMR considering the effect of road muddiness and the design hierarchical sliding mode control (HSMC) are the key contributions of this research. In this study robot’s movement is limited to a two-dimensional platform. For the system measuring performance, a criterion such as settling time, percentage overshoot, and RMSE has been presented. The proposed criteria are used to quantify the response of the system to a HSMC in simulation. The simulation findings show that under muddy road scenarios, the robot can maintain the balance and maintain the desired trajectory. Specifically, the closed loop system demonstrated excellent performance with a tilt-angle settling time of 7 seconds, a maximum overshoot of 0 . 2 6 3 7 ◦ , and a maximum undershoot of – 6 . 9 7 ◦ . Additionally, the position of the vehicle achieved a settling time of 5 seconds with a percentage overshoot (POS) of 7.2%. These results indicate that the controller effectively regulates the system to a standstill position, ensuring smooth movement to the desired position under muddy road condition.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is extremely challenging for solar-thermal energy conversion and thermal management due to its solid-phase rigidity, liquid-phase leakage, low thermal conductivity and weak light absorption. In this paper, a solid-solid phase change material (HDPCM) is obtained by the block copolymerization method with an enthalpy of melting of 102.3 J/g, demonstrating a high thermal energy storage capacity. We have innovatively combined this HDPCM with hydrothermal carbon (HTC) to obtain a composite PCM with excellent thermal properties and solar thermal energy conversion. HDPCM-HTC-3 has significant mechanical flexibility shape cutability, and foldability. The photothermal conversion efficiency is evaluated at 83.7%, indicating its superior ability to convert solar energy into thermal energy. The initial pyrolysis temperature exceeds 200 °C, indicating good thermal stability. After 101 heating/cooling cycles, the chemical and thermal properties remain essentially unchanged. Simulated thermal management experiments show that this HDPCM-HTC-3 has good thermal management performance, and that hot water from a loaded HDPCM-HTC-3 conical flask can have significant thermal insulation performance, with the temperature being constant for approximately 320 s over a range of approximately 45 °C. The HDPCM-HTC-3 exhibits significant temperature-controlled thermal management effects, showing potential application prospects.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown SARS-COV-2 sever illness and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a dual etiology for heterotopic ossification of the hip. BELKEBIR MRANI Mamoun, (1) SCHUMANN Léa, (1) COLETTE Alain Orthopedics and traumatology unit, CHU UCL Namur Sainte Elisabeth, Namur, Belgium

Abstract Although the importance of dynamic water storage and flowpath partitioning on discharge behavior has been well recognized within the critical zone community, there is still little consensus surrounding the question, “ How do climate factors from above and land characteristics from below dictate dynamic storage, flowpath partitioning, and ultimately regulate hydrological dynamics?” Answers to this question have been hindered by limited and inconsistent spatio-temporal data and arduous-to-measure subsurface data. Here we aim to answer this question above by using a semi-distributed hydrological model (HBV model) to simulate and understand the dynamics of water storage, groundwater flowpaths, and discharge in 15 headwater catchments across the contiguous United States. Results show that topography, precipitation falling as snow, and catchment soil texture all influence catchment dynamic storage, storage-discharge sensitivity, flowpath partitioning, and discharge flashiness. Flat, rain-dominated sites (< 30% precipitation as snow) with finer soils exhibited flashier discharge regimes than catchments with coarse soils and/or significant snowfall (>30% precipitation as snow). Rain-dominated sites with clay soils (indicative of chemical weathering) showed lower dynamic storage and discharge that was more sensitive to changes in dynamic storage than rainy sites with coarse soils. Steep, snowy sites with coarse soils (more mechanical weathering) had lowest dynamic storage and deep groundwater fed discharge that was less sensitive to changes in dynamic storage than fine-soil snowy or rainy catchments. These results highlight aridity and precipitation (snow versus rain) as the dominant climate controls from above and topography and soil texture as the dominant land controls from below. The study challenges the traditional view that climate controls water balance while subsurface structure dictates subsurface flow path. Rather, it shows that climate and land characteristics jointly regulate water balance, groundwater flowpath partitioning, and discharge responses. These findings have important implication for the projection of the future of water resources, especially as climate change and human activities continue to intensify.

There has been a recent push to make machine learning models more interpretable so that their performance can be trusted. Although successful, this push has primarily focused on deep learning methods, while simpler optimization methods have been essentially ignored. Consider linear programs (LP), a working horse of sciences. Even if LPs can be considered whitebox or clearbox models, they are not easy to understand in terms of relationships between inputs and outputs, contrary to common belief. As a linear program solver only provides the optimal solution to an optimization problem, further explanations are often helpful. We extend the attribution methods for explaining neural networks to linear programs, thereby taking the first step towards what might be called explainable optimization. These attribution methods explain the model by providing relevance scores for the model inputs to show the influence of each input on the output. Alongside using classical gradient-based attribution methods, we also propose a way to adapt perturbation-based attribution methods to LPs. Our evaluations of several different linear and integer problems show that attribution methods can generate helpful explanations for these models. In particular, we demonstrate that explanations can generate interesting insights into large, real-world linear programs.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown Nowadays, improvement in productivity and safety of biopharmaceuticals with lower costs are prior considerations of this industry. Utilizing reporter genes and FACS-based screening is a straightforward and fast approach to accelerate the identification of high producer cell lines. So far, random integration has been widely applied to generate recombinant cell lines, so applying the genetic regulatory elements such as ubiquitous chromatin-opening element (UCOE) could reduce the negative random insertional effect of the expression cassette and boost the gene of interest transcription level. Here, we used the combined strategy of FACS-based screening by green fluorescence intensity and UCOE to accelerate the clonal selection and enhance recombinant Darbepoetin alfa (DPO) productivity in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. In this way, two expression cassettes, pOptiVEC TM and UCOE-containing plasmid, CET1019HD, which entailed codon optimized Darbepoetin alfa-LoxP-IRES-EGFP-LoxP-IRES-DHFR fragment, were designed. To achieve stable cell line, the cassettes were linearized and transfected to the CHO DG44 cells. After stably transfected clones was obtained by changing the medium to a HT-deficient one, EGFP was used as a selection marker in FCAS to enrich the cells with the brightest green fluorescent intensity. In the following, the DPO and EGFP expressions were assessed in transcription and protein levels through qRT-PCR, FCM, western blotting, and ELISA. Expression analysis revealed that all UCOE-containing cell pools indicated higher DPO yield compared to non-UCOE populations. Indeed, FACS sorting and enrichment of the UCOE-entailing cells leads to obtaining a clone with more than 8-fold productivity. Besides, isolating high-producing cells through FACS with a simple gate resulted in a 1.5-fold improvement of target protein concentration compared to the unsorted cells. According to the results, we suggest the EGFP-FACS-based screening for sorting high-producer recombinant cell lines in a reduced time and UCOE integrated strategy to enhance protein production dramatically.

not-yet-known not-yet-known not-yet-known unknown The use of biochar to assist in microbial degradation is seen as a key strategy for eliminating organic pollutants. However, the specific ways in which biochar aids this process are not fully understood. This study examined how biochar affects the degradation of phenol by phenol-degrading bacteria (PDB). The findings indicate that when PDB was combined with biochar, phenol removal reached 82.4% at a concentration of 1300 mg/L, surpassing 41.6% phenol removal ratio from single microorgranism treatment. Microbial community analysis indicated that there was a notable increase in Gammaproteobacteria, Serratia, Raitonia and Enterobacter in the biochar-assisted sample compared to those in the sample without biochar. The pathway of phenol degradation was confirmed via GC-MS analysis and metabolomic analysis, the findings revealed that the phenol degradation pathway used by PDB was an ortho-cleavage pathway. PICRUSt2 analysis suggested that the addition of biochar might enhance PDB metabolism by modulatiing the degradation of inprotocatechuate, toluene and phenylacetate. Metabolomic analysis indicated that biochar demonstrated potential to augment PDB biodegradation by promoting Oxygen-driven metabolism and fueling bacterial cell energy needs. This study sheds light on how biochar affects PDB biochemical breakdown and offers useful information for the potential use of biochar-supported microbial technology in phenol degradation.

Vulva morphologies represent significant traits in pig production. Recent studies suggest vulva size can be predictive of the reproductive performance of gilts. We aimed to analyze the genetic parameters of vulva traits, including vulva length (VL), vulva width (VW), and vulva angle score (VAS), as well as litter traits, including total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), number stillborn (NS), and piglet survival rate (SR), across three Large White pig strains (PIC, Topigs, and Canadian). We estimated the correlations between vulva and litter traits, as well as the reasons for culling gilts. The heritabilities of vulva traits ranged from 0.167 to 0.426, whereas the heritability of litter traits ranged from 0.013 to 0.147. The VAS in Topigs Large White pigs exhibited the highest heritability. The genetic correlation coefficients between vulva length and width in PIC and Topigs Large White pigs were significantly positively correlated, ranged from 0.585 to 0.767. No significant correlation was found between vulva and litter traits. Subsequently, we scored the vulva traits according to previously reported studies. The average vulva width score of the gilts that were culled due to prolonged estrus was significantly lower (2.75) compared to that of gilts with normal estrus (2.90). In the population of gilts aged 220 to 230 days, the gilts with higher vulva angle scores had a lower risk of culling due to vulva inflammation with purulent discharge. The results suggest that selecting for vulva traits in replacement gilts is an effective strategy to reduce gilts culling rates.

Background: In today’s digital era, the internet has become an integral part of our daily lives, serving as a fundamental tool for communication, social interaction, work, and accessing essential services. However, disparities in access to internet based on personal and social factors, defined as internet inequity, can significantly impact how people engage with healthcare. Understanding the disparities across regions and demographics is crucial to addressing inequities and improving healthcare accessibility. Objective: This protocol aims to outline the methodology for a systematic review examining the impact of internet inequity on access and utilization of healthcare services. Methods: Databases including Medline, Web of Science, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and CINAHL, will be searched for peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024. To be included in this review, studies must examine internet inequity and its association with access and utilization of at least one healthcare service. Studies employing qualitative methodologies (e.g., examining barriers and perceptions) or those where healthcare services access and/or utilization was treated as the predictor rather than the outcome will be excluded. Data will be extracted and analyzed by two independent reviewers to identify patterns and quantify the impact of internet inequity. Quality assessment of included studies will be performed utilizing Hawker’s checklist for disparate study designs. Conclusions: This protocol details a systematic approach to analyzing disparities in internet access and their effects on healthcare services access and utilization. The results of this review will fill existing gaps in the literature and offer evidence-based recommendations to guide future policies focused on enhancing healthcare services access and use on a global scale.

The effect of polymorphism of genes involved in the milk fatty acid synthesis, Stearoyl CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1), 1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase-6 (AGPAT6), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), and Leptin (LEP) on fatty acid (FA) and chemical composition of milk in Podolian and Italian Holstein bovine breeds was investigated. Principal results in Podolian cattle breed highlighted for the VV genotype of SCD1 the highest protein and casein content. The TT genotype of LEP gene, AW/AR diplotype for FASN gene, and TT genotype for AGPAT6 gene revealed the lowest fat content. For SCD1 gene the lowest medium chain FA (MCFA), and Thrombogenic Index (TI) were found in the AA genotype. The LEP TT genotype showed lower saturated FA (SFA), n6/n3, Atherogenic Index (AI), and SCFA, and higher polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), long chain FA (LCFA), n3, n3/n6. Furthermore, the CT genotype evidenced lower PUFA, MCFA, LCFA, n3, and higher CLA. The SCFA were higher, and MCFA were lower in the AW/AR diplotype of the FASN gene, and SCFA were the lowest in the AR/AR. The AGPAT6 CT genotype showed the lowest value of PUFA, and n3, and the highest of n6/n3; CC genotype showed the highest content of PUFA, and n3. Podolian milk revealed higher content of PUFA, n3, CLA, PUFA/SFA, and lower n6/n3, TI, and SCFA than milk from Italian Holstein, evidencing a better nutritional value for human health.

Variations in interspecific interactions play an essential role in community structure, and have already been widely demonstrated between pairwise species along a stress gradient. However, little is known about how the responses of multiple species affect interspecific interactions and the coexistence of multiple stressors. Here, we developed a dynamic model considering the tolerance heterogeneity of three species to investigate how interspecific interactions shift across different environmental stressors. We found the alteration of interspecific relationships for multiple species under multiple stressors depends on the tradeoffs between tolerant and competitive abilities to the limiting stress. Stress--intolerant species may be significantly improved by positive feedback effects from two or more neighbors under multiple stressors. There are complementary effects of species' heterogeneous responses under multiple stressors due to environmental feedback from different species, which may enhance interspecific interaction strength and the shift threshold from competition to facilitation.

The smoke tree (Cotinus coggygria Scop.) is a woody species widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and East Asia, and it has high ecological, ornamental, and economic value. Investigating changes in the suitable habitat in different historical periods and under climate change in the future can provide key insights for understanding and projecting changes in the distribution of Cotinus species. In this study, we used a MaxEnt model to simulate the current, historical and future suitable habitat for C. coggygria based on distribution records of wild C. coggygria and environmental variables. The results showed that C. coggygria had an East Asian-Tethyan disjunction, and the suitable habitat was most affected by temperature and precipitation. At the Last Glacial Maximum, C. coggygria in the Mediterranean retreated to glacial refugia in southern Europe and survived in situ in East Asia. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable habitat of C. coggygria gradually expanded northward. As emission levels increased, the suitable habitat for C. coggygria expanded northward. The overall suitable habitat in the future was larger in the Mediterranean than in East Asia; however, the highly suitable habitat was less in the Mediterranean than in East Asia. The suitable habitat in the Mediterranean was greatly affected by different scenarios, but this was not the case in East Asia. The results of this study explored the effects of climate, soil, and topographic variables on the suitable habitat for C. coggygria and changes in the suitable habitat under historical and future climatic situations. Our findings will aid the conservation and cultivation of C. coggygria, as well as studies of species with discontinuous distributions in Eurasia.

All around the world, nearshore marine ecosystems are of primary importance. They fulfil many different vital functions for fish, providing food and shelter from predators and a juvenile fish assemblage ground for numerous species. We investigated the relationship between environmental variables and the fish community (species diversity indices and fish assemblage patterns). Monthly beach seine hauls were performed between 0 and 1.5 m depth at 4 sites: Azure beach, Palme Beach and Sidi Fredj (Beach East and West). Fish diversity, spatiotemporal variations in fish assemblages, and relationships between environmental variables and ecological factors were analysed. A total of 5735 individuals, representing 31 species from 17 families, were collected during the 13 months of sampling. Species richness and abundance were highest during late spring and summer, and lowest in winter and autumn. scale. Water temperature was the most important environmental factor influencing species richness and abundance. The combination of the fish assemblages and environmental variables determined in this study contributes to a better understanding of the ecological networks of the beaches of the Algerian coast, thus providing useful data for their conservation and management.

Scrub typhus infection precipitating hemolysis in a patient with G6PD deficiency: A case reportAuthors: Ravi Shukla, Mandira Shrestha, Chaitanya Darshan Bhattarai, Kiran Lamichhane, Paras Yadav, Debendra TamattaCorresponding authorRavi Shukla, MBBSNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: raviprakashshukla.489@gmail.comOrcid Id: 0009-0006-6458-2160Co-authorsMandira Shrestha, MDNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: dr.mandirashr@gmail.comChaitanya Darshan Bhattarai, MBBSNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: dr.chaitanyadarshan@gmail.comKiran Lamichhane, MBBSNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: lmckiran16@gmail.comParas Yadav, MBBSNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: parasyadav997@gmail.comDebendra Tamatta, MBBSNepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu,Gokarneshwor - 08, 44600 Kathmandu, NepalEmail id: devtmt77@gmail.comKey words : scrub typhus; anemia, hemolytic; glucosephosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; case report.Running head : Scrub typhus precipitating hemolysisData availability statement : The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Funding statement : The authors received no specific funding for this work.Conflict of interest disclosure : The authors declare no conflict of interest in any of the procedures in this report.Ethics approval statement : Approval was provided by the department from the Department of of Pediatrics and Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal.Patient consent statement : Written informed consent for publication of this report and accompanying images was obtained from the patient’s father, in accordance with the journal’s patient consent policy. As the patient is a minor, the patient’s consent was waived.Permission to reproduce material from other sources : Not applicable for this study.Acknowledgement: We all authors express gratitude and acknowledge the cooperation of the patient’s family members.Manuscript Type : Case report