A document by Murtii Teressa Obolu. Click on the document to view its contents.

Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disease primarily affecting children, characterized by muscle weakness and skin lesions. This study identifies 145 genes significantly associated with JDM through differential gene expression analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), protein-protein interaction network analysis, and miRNA and transcription factor (TF) prediction, using blood and muscle microarray sequencing datasets. Functional enrichment analysis indicates that these genes are involved in crucial biological processes, including cytokine-mediated signaling, extracellular matrix organization, and immune response. Further analysis reveals key transcription factors ( e.g., STAT1, NFKB1, and IRF9) and miRNAs ( e.g., hsa-miR-127-3p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-93-5p) that may regulate the expression of these critical genes in JDM. The findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of JDM and offer potential targets for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Diagnosis of a secondary central nervous system Lymphoma (SCNSL) in a patient with low proliferative Mantle cell lymphomaEmmanuel Ojeabuo Oisakede1Ambreen Khalid2Chetan Patalappa2Faheem Anjum3Hashim Heyam2

The operational performance of lithium-ion batteries is significantly influenced by ambient temperature. In high-temperature environments, if the temperature of the battery is unable to be rapidly reduced to within the normal range, it will have a significant impact on the battery’s capacity and lifespan. In comparison to alternative cooling techniques, direct evaporative cooling offers the benefits of high efficiency, optimal temperature distribution, and a straightforward system configuration. It is thus imperative to gain a thorough grasp of the design and operational parameters of the direct cooling thermal management system, and to understand its impact on performance. This paper designs a direct cooling system with R134A as refrigerant. The performance of the battery thermal management system is obtained through numerical simulation based on the thermodynamic method in two typical operational scenarios: fast charging cooling and high-speed travel cooling. The results of the study showed that the refrigerant direct evaporative cooling method exhibited superior performance in both typical operating scenarios, with a battery module temperature rise of no more than 10℃ and a maximum temperature difference of less than 5℃. Subsequently, an investigation was conducted to determine the effect of initial temperature, flow rate, evaporative temperature and dryness on system performance.

Purpose Overuse of antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) is common. It would therefore be useful to identify symptoms that predict a high likelihood of viral infection, so these patients could be triaged for home care to avoid antibiotics. Methods We recruited adults presenting to US primary or urgent care sites with a chief complaint of cough and symptoms consistent with LRTI. Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, and 46 viral and bacterial respiratory pathogens by PCR. Chi-square tests were done to evaluate the association between individual symptoms and viral versus bacterial infections. Symptoms with a p < 0.10 for the association were retained for logistic regression. We created 4 regression models using stepwise backward elimination at p < 0.20, with viral infection, bacterial infection, and mixed infection as the dependent variables. A simple risk score was created assigning positive and negative points for viral and bacterial symptoms. Results We enrolled 718 adults with acute cough and obtained valid PCR specimens for 618. Four symptoms were significantly more likely with viral infections and less common in bacterial: coryza, confusion, fever, and chest congestion. Three symptoms were more likely with bacterial infections and less likely with viral infections: presence of sputum, sputum that is colored, and double-sickening (feeling better but then worsening). A simple risk score identified patients with a low (29%), moderate (56%) or high (79%) likelihood of having only viral pathogens detected. Conclusions Seven symptoms were identified that could help primary care clinicians distinguish between viral and bacterial LRTI. A simple risk score is proposed but requires prospective validation.

The development of a modular software platform using large language models (LLMs) for code generation presents unique opportunities and challenges. This paper explores the experiences and difficulties encountered during the creation of an AI-driven business intelligence platform built with LLM assistance. By using an iterative approach to generate modular code, the project aimed to accelerate development and automate routine tasks. However, challenges such as inconsistency in the generated code, hallucinations, lack of long-term memory, and integration complexities emerged. These limitations necessitated manual intervention for code refinement, debugging, and integration to ensure project-wide consistency. The study discusses strategies to address these issues, including structured prompting, automated testing, and iterative refinement. The findings reveal that while LLMs significantly reduce development time and facilitate rapid prototyping, they are not a complete substitute for human expertise. The paper offers practical insights into optimizing the use of LLMs in software engineering, demonstrating both the potential benefits and current limitations of AI-assisted code generation in modular software projects.

Objectives This systematic review aims to explore and outline the anaesthetic considerations and precautions for patients with a diagnosis of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) undergoing nasal surgery. Design A search was performed across four electronic databases between the dates 1 st January 2000 and 1 st March 2024. Two independent reviewers selected articles that met the following criteria: adult patients with HHT undergoing nasal surgery; description of anaesthetic regime; English language. Case reports and reviews were excluded. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed throughout. Results and participants Nine studies were included in the analysis, comprising a total of 800 patients. Two studies described local anaesthetic (LA) only, two described general anaesthetic (GA) only, and five described cases of each. Modality of anaesthesia was dependent on type of procedure (laser therapy, endoscopic surgery, sclerotherapy, or plasma coagulation) and patient factors (including HHT disease severity, vascular anatomy, and age). Anaesthetic approaches varied, although there were similarities; for example, six studies used a topical LA, combined with a vasoconstrictor. Only one study described a GA regime. Reduction of intra-operative bleeding was highlighted across multiple studies; measures included endotracheal tube/nasal lubrication, decongestants, and controlled hypotension. Complications were generally low, with three studies, totalling 218 patients, describing procedures in-clinic with LA with no reported complications. Conclusion The literature lacks clear consensus for selecting between LA or GA, as well as evidenced regimes for both. Therefore, further research is needed to better inform the anaesthetic approach for HHT patients undergoing nasal surgery.

In this work, double-layer heterogeneous calcium alginate scaffolds were designed for alveolar bone defects where the outer layer featured high hardness and slow degradation, and the inner layer characterized by large pores and rapid degradation. The morphology of the calcium alginate scaffold was akin to that of bone defects, and its direct implantation reduced the operation time. A higher concentration of calcium alginate resulted in smaller pores and slower degradation. Calcium alginate can promote the formation of mineralized nodules and the expression of genes related to mineralization without inducing cytotoxic effects. It also promoted the expression of cellular inflammatory factors, potentially through the TLR4 pathway. In vivo studies confirmed that calcium alginate did not promote the aggregation of inflammatory cells nor the expression of inflammatory factors. In conclusion, the scaffold's characteristics of high surface hardness and slow degradation were beneficial for surface osteogenesis and maintaining the defect's shape and osteogenic space. Conversely, rapid internal degradation favors the formation of bone tissue.

Cold stress is the major abiotic factor limiting crop productivity. However, compared to model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, crucial genes and underlying molecular mechanisms involved in soybean cold stress remain underexplored. Here, we investigate two national soybean cultivars, HH43 and HX3, bred from northeast and southwest regions of China, which exhibit significant differences in cold tolerance. Morphological and biochemical examinations show that, compared to HH43, HX3 exhibits delayed wilting, reduced oxidative damage, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities under low temperature (4°C). Transcriptomic analyses at different time courses upon 4°C show distinct patterns, with HH43 having a rapid gene response and HX3 exhibiting a gradual increase. Particularly, we identify MEblue and MEgreen modules related to cold stress and construct their GENIE3 networks. Key TFs such as CAMTA1/A2 , WRKY33/40 , ATAF1 , ERF72, bZIP29 and their potential targets were identified, which likely contribute to the cold tolerance differences between HH43 and HX3. Moreover, proteomic analyses reveal a broader and more sustained protein upregulation associated with maintaining metabolic activity and cellular homeostasis in cold-tolerant HX3, while limited proteomic response was observed in cold-sensitive HH43 and degradation of certain early response proteins. These findings provide substantial resources for further functional research and breeding cold-tolerant soybean cultivars.

In this paper, an ultra-wideband (UWB) 3 dB coupler is designed. It is based on the offset coupled stripline technique with a symmetric structure of the multi-section coupler. Utilization of capacitive compensation technology. It achieves a working bandwidth covering 6 - 18 GHz. The experimental results of this coupler show that return loss of all ports is less than -10 dB, and the relative phase difference is 90 ± 6˚. The designed coupler was simulated, processed and measured. The measured results are found to be essentially consistent with the simulated results.

The ability to control and align the outputs of advanced language models with predefined human preferences has become increasingly essential across various applications. Traditional methods that rely heavily on human feedback and expert reviews often face challenges related to scalability, subjectivity, and inefficiency, particularly when applied to largescale tasks. A novel approach, dense token masking, offers an automated solution that eliminates the need for human intervention, allowing the model to adhere closely to user-defined objectives through selective masking of tokens. This method enhances both accuracy and semantic consistency, achieving significant improvements in perplexity, token overlap, and error rates without imposing heavy computational costs. The research demonstrates that dense token masking presents a robust and adaptable alternative to traditional feedback-driven alignment techniques, making it well-suited for diverse applications where precision and scalability are critical. Results confirm the method's capacity to maintain output diversity while ensuring alignment with task-specific goals, positioning dense token masking as a key advancement in preference-controlled text generation.

Introduction Allopurinol is a known cause of severe skin reactions, including Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation, identify risk factors, and evaluate the best treatment strategies for severe skin reactions due to allopurinol. Method A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases to identify English case reports and case series of allopurinol-induced Stevens‒Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Other study types were excluded. The quality of the included studies was assessed via the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. The study was supported by the research council of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Results In total, 928 articles were identified through a database search. Finally, 68 articles including 91 patients (48 males and 43 females) were included in the analysis. The reaction occurred after a median of 16 days (8.5 days in those with prior reactions to allopurinol). Rapid dose escalation was observed in half of the patients. Mucosal involvement was observed in 72 (90.0%) patients. Corticosteroids, IVIG, cyclosporine, and plasma exchange were the most common treatment modalities. Twenty-one patients (23.6%) died, and 68 (76.4%) were discharged. Conclusion Although the prevalence of gout is 2–3 times greater in men than in women, the number of cases was approximately equal in both sexes, which may be related to the higher rate of reports in women. Rapid dose escalation is a risk factor for the occurrence of severe skin reactions. Corticosteroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange appear to be reasonable treatment options.

Salicylaldehyde hydrazone Zn(II) complex is a kind of promising stimulus responsive luminescent material. In this work, three Zn(II) complexes ( 1a, 1b and 2) based on salicylaldehyde hydrazone were synthesized and characterized. Complexes 1a and 2 exhibit reversible mechanochromic luminescence, and 1a could undergo crystal phase transformation into 1b by slight grinding. The structural analyses and experimental results of these two indicate that grinding may destroy the coordination bond, causing the coordinating pyridine molecule to fall off the complex. Moreover, the DMSO solutions of complexes 1a and 2 both turn from yellow to colorless accompanied with fluorescence quenching after irradiating with white light. 1a shows reversible photochromism, while the response time of 2 is long and irreversible, which may be due to the steric hindrance. However, 2 exhibits more obvious photochromic behavior in the solid state than 1a. Its color changes from yellow to brown upon irradiation with 365 nm UV light, which is due to the radicals generated by photo-induced electron transfer from hydroxyl oxygen atom to coordinating pyridine molecule. The PMMA film of 2 also exhibits photochromic property. The salicylaldehyde hydrazone Zn(II) complexes with MCL and photochromic properties point to the potential applications as multi-stimuli responsive materials.

The objective of this study was to separate the individual human impacts on streamflow changes in the Gamcheon watershed in South Korea. The streamflow regime was disturbed by the construction of an upstream dam in 2013 and was continuously affected by the discharge of treated sewage water, as well as withdrawals of stream water and groundwater. To assess each of the impacting factors, a physical-based semi-distributed hydrological model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was applied to the study area. The model was set up using not only climatic and spatial data on watershed characteristics but also data on human activities, such as dam operation and water use. The model parameters were first calibrated using observed streamflow data over the period of 2013–2020. Naturalized streamflow data were then generated without changing any of the calibrated parameters and without considering any human activities. Several simulations of runoff, each considering only one human activity, were performed, and the results were compared with those of the naturalized streamflow to determine the individual impacts on changes in streamflow. The results showed that the combined effects of human activities on streamflow changes were not significant; however, the individual impacts were evident. The 10th lowest flow rate in a year, Q355, affected by stream water intake, groundwater pumping, dam operation, and treated sewage water discharge, was changed by -13.7 %, -54.0 %, 34.0 %, and 38.4 % relative to the natural flow, respectively. The Gamcheon Watershed was evaluated to balance the influence of human activity, ensuring streamflow was maintained at a natural level without causing a serious decrease.

A document by Hyo-jung Cho. Click on the document to view its contents.

Studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have suggested rare, damaging coding variants in the SLIT and NTRK-like family member 5 (Slitrk5) gene as possible contributors to the disorder. Here we identify previously unrecognized pathological changes in the dorsomedial striatum of a Slitrk5 knockout mouse model using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. Following a combination of manual annotation and automatic segmentation, detailed 2D and 3D analyses of myelin, axons, and mitochondria revealed ultrastructural abnormalities in the myelinated axons resembling Wallerian degeneration challenging the current understanding of Slitrk5’s role, extending its importance beyond neurite outgrowth to maintaining axonal integrity. Additionally, we observed a marked reduction in the g-ratio, reduced node of Ranvier volume, as well as excessive microglial phagocytosis of myelin debris indicating potential neuroinflammatory processes. These results suggest that the absence of Slitrk5 heightens the vulnerability of myelinated axons to degenerative processes, providing new insights into the molecular underpinnings of OCD. Our findings emphasize the need to reconsider Slitrk5’s neuroprotective function and lay the foundation for further research on its role in other brain regions and its broader implications for neurodegenerative diseases.

Although machine Reinforcement Learning (RL) was developed with direct intuition from animal learning, it was not initially intended to explain the neurobiological processes of the brain. But the collaboration of neuroscientists, roboticists and computer scientists has recently permitted to draw parallels between the computational steps of RL algorithms and the neurobiological processes. This system equivalence became even more evident after the invention of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) like LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and Transformer networks, which seem to fulfill the function of short-term memory in the brain’s hippocampus. In this paper, we outline the relevance of RL in cognitive behavior especially in the context of action selection, spatial memory and navigational strategies. We are supporting our conclusions by mathematical models of the involved brain regions and the interplay of the neuromodulators that are engaged in these cognitive tasks. We also present the recent findings about Meta-Learning as the leading RL class of algorithms which came as the most tenable solution to the problem of sample inefficiency in generic RL. Therefore, Meta-Learning and Meta-RL models offer the closest match and the simplest explanation for the fitness of humans in performing the sophisticated cognitive and navigational tasks.

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) can induce pyroptosis and mitochondrial damage, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of diabetes (DM) related atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to investigate the mechanism of mitochondrial damage in atrial myocytes mediated by GSDMD N-terminal domain (GSDMD-N) in DM related AF. We established a rat DM model and demonstrated that under high blood glucose stimulation, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway can activate GSDMD into active GSDMD-N, thereby exacerbating mitochondrial damage and pyroptosis of atrial myocytes in DM rats, leading to atrial remodeling. Meanwhile, DM can act on fibroblasts, promote collagen synthesis and inhibit its breakdown, and lead to myocardial fibrosis. In addition, inflammation and oxidative stress mediated by DM can promote atrial electrical remodeling, while changes in myocardial cell ultrastructure caused by myocardial fibrosis and pyroptosis can also exacerbate electrical remodeling. The interaction between structural reconstruction and electrical reconstruction jointly promotes the occurrence and development of AF.

Background: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of thoracic tumor radiotherapy, and its occurrence limits the choice of anti-tumor therapy and reduces the quality of life of patients. Qingdi Mixture (QDM) is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction commonly used in preventing RILI during tumor radiotherapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. However, its main components and potential mechanisms of action remain unclear. Objective: In this study, Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer analysis and network pharmacology were used to study the molecular mechanism of QDM in treating radiation lung injury. Methods: The main active components of QDM were detected by LC-MS analysis, drug-related targets were retrieved by the TCMSP database, and RILI-related targets were retrieved by the GeneCards database. Component-target-pathway network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using Cytoscape software. The potential signaling pathways of QDM for RILI were discussed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, core components binding to key targets were verified by molecular docking. Results: Eventually, 57 major active components were identified in QDM and 1,549 RILI-related targets were retrieved. The core targets of the PPI network were mainly closely related to inflammation and transcriptional regulation. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the NF-κB, JAK-STAT, and Necroptosis signaling pathways might play key roles in the treatment of RILI by QDM. Meanwhile, molecular docking showed that the core active components of QDM had stable binding to the main targets of RILI. Conclusion: QDM prevents and treats RILI through multi-target and multi-pathway, but further experimental verification is needed.

Grade Level: K-1st GradeTime Frame: 50 minutesSubject: STEM (Engineering, Mathematics, Science, Technology)Lesson Objectives:By the end of this lesson, students will:Apply basic engineering and mathematical concepts related to balance, measurement, and structure.Use creativity and teamwork to solve an authentic challenge.Follow the steps of the engineering design process to create a solution.Construct and test a simple tower design with provided materials.STEM Concepts Covered:Science: Understanding balance and stability in structures, exploring gravity.Technology: Using building tools and measuring devices to test and improve designs.Engineering: Problem-solving through the engineering design process.Mathematics: Measurement, comparison of heights, basic geometry (shape of structures).Materials:Plastic building blocks (LEGO® or similar)Straws, paper, and tape for prototypingRuler or measuring tapeVisuals of famous towers (e.g., Burj Khalifa, Leaning Tower of Pisa)Tablets or laptops (optional for extension activity)Whiteboard and markersLesson Plan Outline:Introduction (10 minutes):Hook: Show images of famous towers and initiate discussion by asking:What makes these towers stand up?Why do some towers lean (e.g., Leaning Tower of Pisa)?What would happen if a tower’s base isn’t strong enough?Objective: Explain that today’s challenge is to use the engineering design process to build the tallest and most stable tower.Engineering Design Process Overview (5 minutes):Ask: What makes a tower stand tall and not fall?Imagine: Have students discuss and imagine how to build the tallest tower.Plan: Each group draws a quick plan of how they will build their tower using the materials provided.Create: Students will work in teams to build their towers.Improve: After testing, they will discuss how they can improve their designs.Building Activity (20 minutes):Divide students into groups of 3-4.Provide each group with materials (LEGO blocks, straws, tape, etc.).Students will build their towers while considering balance, stability, and height.Encourage problem-solving and collaboration. Circulate around the room to ask guiding questions:How can you make your tower taller and stronger?Does your base support the height of your tower?Testing and Reflection (10 minutes):After building, students will measure the height of their towers using rulers/tape measures.Conduct a stability test by gently tapping the towers or placing small objects on them.Have students reflect on what they would change if they had more time. Encourage them to sketch potential improvements.Class Reflection and Discussion (5 minutes):Discuss the results with the class:What was the tallest tower? What made it stable?How many different ways did groups solve the challenge?What materials worked best for building a stable tower?Link their findings to real-world engineering (e.g., how engineers design buildings to withstand earthquakes or high winds).Assessment:Formative: Observe teamwork and collaboration during the activity. Look for critical thinking as students solve problems.Summative: Evaluate the tower design based on:Height and stabilityTeamwork and use of the engineering design processExtensions:Technology Integration: Use a tablet or laptop to take pictures of the towers and use measurement apps to compare heights.Home Connection: Students can try building a tower at home with everyday materials like books or blocks and report back.STEM Lesson Checklist Alignment:Aligned to Grade-Level Standards:Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS): K-2-ETS1-2 (Develop a simple model to illustrate how shape helps function).Common Core Mathematics: K.MD.A.1 (Describe measurable attributes of objects, such as length or height).Multidisciplinary:Science: Exploring gravity and balance.Mathematics: Measuring tower heights and comparing results.Technology: Use of measuring tools and optional tablets for recording results.Engineering: Using the design process to solve the challenge.Addresses Authentic Challenges:Students face a real-world engineering problem—building a stable structure with limited materials.Integrates 21st Century Skills:Encourages teamwork, creativity, and problem-solving as students collaborate to design and test their towers.More Than One Solution:There are multiple ways to construct a stable tower, and each group will approach the challenge differently.Uses the Engineering Design Process:Students follow the steps: Ask, Imagine, Plan, Create, and Improve to develop their designs.Hands-On:Students build and test physical towers using a variety of materials.Integrates Technology:Measurement tools and optional tablet apps to extend learning and document tower height and stability.

Authors: Ojewumi Titus K., Olugbenga AsaoluDepartment of Demography, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.Department of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.

Increasing levels of UV-B radiation caused by the greenhouse effect has become an emerging threat to crop health and yield. The glutathione (GSH) metabolic pathway is generally involved in plant stress responses through scavenging accumulated reactive oxygen species, and is therefore believed to play an essential role in enhancing plant tolerance to UV-B stress. However, the complex evolutionary details of this pathway in polyploid plants, especially under UV-B stress, remain largely unknown. Here, using the important allotetraploid crop, Gossypium hirsutum, as an example, we comprehensively investigated the composition and phylogenetic relationships of genes encoding 12 key structural enzymes in this pathway, and compared the expression changes of all the relevant genes under UV-B stress (16 kJ m-2 d-1) based on six leaf transcriptomes. Consequently, we identified 205 structural genes by genome-wide searching and predicted 98 potential regulatory genes under multiple stress conditions by co-expression network analysis. Furthermore, we revealed that 19 structural genes including five homoeologous pairs and 96 regulatory genes possessing 25 homoeologous pairs were reticulately correlated without homoeologous selection preference under UV-B stress. This result suggests a complex rewiring and reassignment between structural genes and their regulatory networks in the duplicated metabolic pathways of polyploid cotton. This study extends our understanding of the molecular dynamics of the GSH metabolic pathway in response to UV-B stress in G. hirsutum and, more broadly, in polyploid plants.

The jaguar (Panthera onca) is an iconic top predator that is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, along with an emerging expansion of poaching for the illegal trade of live individuals and their parts. To address the need for tools that improve surveillance and monitoring of its remaining populations, we have developed a genome-enabled single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel targeting this species. From a dataset of 58 complete jaguar genomes, we identified and selected highly informative SNPs for geographic traceability, individual identification, kinship, and sexing. Our panel, named ‘Jag-SNP’, comprises 459 SNPs selected from an initial pool of 13,373,949 markers based on the inter-biome FST, followed by rigorous filtering and addition of eight sex-linked SNPs. We then randomly selected subsets of this panel and identified an 84-SNP set that exhibited a similar resolving power. With both the 459-SNP panel and its 84-SNP subset, samples were assigned with 98% success to their biomes of origin and 65-69% of them were assigned to within 500 km of their origin. Furthermore, ca. 10-18 SNPs within these panels were sufficient to distinguish individuals, while 6 sex-linked SNPs perfectly separated males and females. We used whole-genome data from an additional 18 jaguars to further test these panels, which correctly recovered kinship relationships and allowed inference of geographic origin of samples collected outside the spatial scope of the original sample set. These results support the strong potential of these panels as an efficient tool for application in forensic, genetic, ecological, behavioral and conservation projects targeting jaguars.

Advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) are recognized for their substantial impact on agriculture, especially in the context of climate change. However, many farmers, especially in non-Western countries, rely on indigenous and local knowledge to address these challenges. This traditional knowledge is at risk of being overshadowed by advanced technologies due to globalization. This raises the question: How can these distinct forms of knowledge be harmonized in agricultural practice? This article underscores the importance of technodiversity in agriculture by exploring the history of cybernetics in relation to AI developments and the philosophy of technology, including Heidegger’s perspectives. The focus is on the Global South, where many smallholder farmers continue to maintain traditional practices. The study supports the concept of technodiversity, as proposed by philosopher Yuk Hui, and highlights the value of a wide range of knowledge forms. This study provides examples of local agricultural techniques still in use in African and American countries. Finally, several approaches are proposed for integrating diverse types of knowledge.