Rinat M. Nugayev , Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, , Kazan 35, Universiade Village 420138,the Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation

The loss and fragmentation of habitats caused by anthropogenic activities in the last decades has affected foraging habitat quality and, therefore, foraging success (food quantity, quality and foraging range) of many animals, including many pollinators. Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are important pollinators of many plant species, and habitat change has also affected their ability to collect the resources they need to maintain the colony. Two important biological traits that might be affected by land use are body size and fat stores, which have the potential to affect body condition, and therefore success, and colony health. However, few studies have investigated these traits in different landscapes and different times of year. We surveyed 47 sites in three different landscape types (agriculture, urban and mixed habitats) in south-western Germany. We measured honeybee body size, wing wear and analysed body fat quantity and composition using GC-MS in the spring, summer and autumn. We found that summer honeybees were smaller in urban and mixed habitats, they showed the greatest wing wear, but they had 18.4-21.3% larger fat stores compared to agricultural sites. Bees in agricultural habitats experienced a drop in fat stores in summer, while body size remained unaffected. In autumn, just before honeybees enter the inactive winter period, bees in urban and mixed areas experienced a drop in fat stores. Wing length decreased from spring to autumn irrespective of habitat type. Our findings indicate that bees in agricultural settings experience physiological challenges in a central European region in summer, possibly because urban and mixed habitats provide better nutritional conditions during summer. Our findings, thus, confirm that honeybees undergo morphological and physiological changes in response to land use and season, which could impact their physiological condition and winter survival.

Hybridization affects the spatial and temporal patterns of morphological and genetic variation, shaping species evolution. Asclepias speciosa and A. syriaca provide an excellent system for uncovering how these patterns are generated. The ranges of A. speciosa and A. syriaca overlap on the North American Great Plains, and multiple intermediates are observed in this contact zone, consistent with hybridization. However, other processes, such as preservation of ancestral polymorphism or selective pressure imposed by environmental clines, could explain the presence of morphological intermediates. In this study, we characterized patterns of variation within and between A. speciosa and A. syriaca using morphological and genetic data to validate the hybrid origin of intermediates, evaluate the impact of hybridization on the 1 parental species, and reconstruct the demographic history of hybridization events. In addition, we explored species-specific associations of genetic variation with climatic variables. We demonstrated that hybridization best explains the occurrence of large numbers of morphologically intermediate individuals in the contact zone and documented bidirectional and asymmetric genetic introgression. We found a strong relationship between precipitation patterns and genetic variation in A. speciosa and A. syriaca, which suggests that the hybrid zone is maintained by differences in annual precipitation. We discovered that the timing of secondary contact is relatively recent, coinciding with rapid range shifts during the Pleistocene. Our findings provide new insights into the dynamics of hybridization on the North American Great Plains, the setting for numerous contact zones between taxa affiliated with eastern and western biotas.

This study investigated the association between genetic variants and the occurrence of oral mucositis (OM) in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy (CT). A retrospective observational longitudinal study was conducted, with daily assessment of OM using the World Health Organization scale and blood samples collected for DNA extraction. Genetic variants were analyzed through next-generation sequencing, using a gene panel focused on 67 coding regions within 20 genes. Sixty-four pediatric patients were evaluated during 392 cycles of CT, with the most commonly used protocols being DOXO (34.2%), MTX (27.8%), and CTX (17.3%). Approximately 65.8% of patients developed some degree of mucositis, with 34.7% showing ulcerative OM (Grades 2 or 3) and 9.2% presenting severe OM (Grade 3). Associations between genetic variants and OM were identified in MTX cycles (ABCC2, ABCC4, and GSTM1), CTX cycles (ABCC6, HSP90AA1, and ABCC1), and DOXO cycles (ABCC1, CYP2A7, and MTHFR). This study suggests potential future treatment strategies with the possibility of increasing efficacy, reducing toxicity, and improving survival rates in pediatric oncology patients.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have dominated the energy storage field due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. In this study, we systematically investigated the electrochemical properties of phosphorus (P)-doped γ-graphyne as a promising LIBs anode material using density functional theory calculations. The formation energy and cohesive energy of γ-graphyne at varying doping concentrations are calculated, demonstrating excellent experimental synthesizability of P-doped γ-graphyne. Notably, the P-doped system exhibits enhanced electrical conductivity compared to pristine γ-graphyne. The adsorption energy of a single lithium (Li) atom on P-doped γ-graphyne is determined to be -3.72 eV, significantly higher than those of N-doped, Si-doped, and intrinsic γ-graphyne. Even with increasing Li storage, the Li adsorption energy remains greater than the cohesive energy of bulk lithium, while the average open-circuit voltage falls within the optimal range of 0-1 V, ensuring high operational safety. Remarkably, the theoretical Li storage capacity of P-doped γ-graphyne reaches 1150.68 mAh/g, which is 1.85 times that of pristine γ-graphyne and 3.09 times that of conventional graphite. Furthermore, the diffusion barrier calculations reveal that P-doped γ-graphyne substantially reduces the Li-ion migration energy barrier, indicating favorable lithium diffusion kinetics. In summary, P-doped γ-graphyne demonstrates exceptional advantages in specific capacity, structural stability, electrical conductivity, and Li-ion diffusion kinetics, providing critical theoretical insights and experimental guidance for designing next-generation high-performance LIBs anode materials.

UTERINE CALCULI IN A PATIENT WITH SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM: A RARE PRESENTATION AND POTENTIAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INSIGHTS:

Six structurally diverse alkaloids, named atrorosins A-F ( 1-6), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus. These compounds represent the first reported natural products featuring an unprecedented hybrid architecture comprising a heptanone-substituted isoquinoline core conjugated with a butenoic acid-derived lactone moiety. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and the absolute configuration of 1-6 was established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Compound 4, 6 demonstrated antibacterial activities with MIC = 1.46 μg/mL and 5.86 μg/mL, respectively. All compounds exhibited a potential antioxidant effect. The anti-inflammatory activity of compound 2, 5 was stronger than dexamethasone. Moreover, compound 2, 5 showed a good inhibitory effect on MTT proliferation in MCF breast cancer and SW480 colorectal cancer cells. This study not only expands the chemical diversity of fungal alkaloids but also provides lead compounds for multidrug-resistant pathogen and oncology therapeutics.

Maintenance strategies have evolved considerably, transitioning from reactive approaches to proactive methodologies. In this paper we investigate papers and compare different approaches and clarify what maintenance strategy more noticed and why. We are seeking to answer this question. A systematic review of 38 peer-reviewed paper will be conducted to identify which strategies are most commonly used. This study systematically reviews two primary branches of maintenance—reactive (corrective) and proactive (preventive and predictive) strategies—through a comprehensive analysis of academic literature. A structured collection of peer-reviewed papers was compiled from Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore, using targeted keywords such as ”maintenance strategy,” ”maintenance management,” ”reliability,” and specific approaches (”Preventive Maintenance,” ”Condition-Based Maintenance,” ”Predictive Maintenance”). Our findings reveal that reactive maintenance, while simple and low-cost, often results in unplanned downtime and higher long-term expenses. In contrast, proactive methods (e.g., scheduled maintenance, condition-based monitoring) significantly improve operational efficiency, reduce failures, and optimize lifecycle costs. The evidence suggests that proactive strategies are the superior choice for industries where reliability and cost-effectiveness are critical.

Fusarium graminearum colonizes the maize ear causing Gibberella ear rot (GER) and producing harmful mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA), that pose a risk to human and animal health when consumed. The disease can be managed in part by breeding and planting resistant maize cultivars. Resistance to GER is a quantitative and complex trait. Evaluation of diverse germplasm to identify regions and candidate genes associated with resistance may be useful for crop improvement efforts. Screening for GER is time-consuming and costly. Thus, identifying other traits that may serve as a proxy for GER resistance may accelerate resistance breeding efforts. We hypothesized that grain phenylpropanoid content and kernel composition are genetically and mechanistically related to GER resistance. We screened a diverse set of maize inbred lines for disease severity, DON, ZEA, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and several kernel composition traits. Using a genome-wide association study, we identified multiple markers associated with each phenotype and genomic regions that harbor alleles for both disease and metabolite-related phenotypes. We also identified multiple metabolic pathways associated with general biotic defense and potential detoxification. End-season ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid concentrations are not strong proxies for GER resistance, but secondary metabolites are important components of the maize-F. graminearum system. In summary, we identified candidate genes and mechanisms for GER resistance, uncovered a link between phenylpropanoid content and GER, and showed that lignin mutants are more susceptible to infection by F. graminearum.

We in this manuscript restudy the long time decay, extinction and blow-up for a singular p-biharmonic parabolic equation with logarithmic nonlinearity, which appears in many branches of physics. In the framework of potential well theory and the existence of global solution, by a way of establishing a nonlinearly integral inequality without non-increasing condition, we prove that W 2 , p -norm for the weak solutions is non-increasing, and establish two decay and extinction theorems that incorporate two kinds of polynomial decay, two kinds of exponential decay and two kinds of finite time extinction. By a way of establishing a improved Hardy-Sobolev inequality and applying a non-concavity method, we establish the four blow-up theorems independent of the potential well depth with J ( u 0 ) < 𝔐 ( 0 ) as the blow-up criterion, where two of them are finite time blow-up, one is at least exponential growth and blows up at least at infinity, the last one blows up at infinity, where 𝔐( t) is a nonlinear function of ∫ R n | u ( x , t ) | 2 | x | s d x . These generalize previous research results from three aspects: long time decay, extinction and blow-up.

This book presents a formal proof that P = NP, using the PMLL algorithm to solve the SAT problem in polynomial time. The PMLL algorithm employs a novel combination of logical refinements and memory persistence, demonstrating that NP-complete problems such as SAT can be solved efficiently, without the need for exponential time complexity.originally was DOI10.1109/ICSAI65059.2024.10893812approved and peer reviewed by Clay Institute and DARPA for further research under ExpMath, as this is the stochastic algorithm which can verify and check while also solving quickly without the use of exponential time brute force solvers like even Glucose or Mini-sat.GRANT_NUMBER: HR001125S0010GRANT_NUMBER: 00000000INDVPart of GRANT_NUMBER: 14417528GRANT_NUMBER: 14417528GRANT_NUMBER: 100006502GRANT_NUMBER: 14417528GRANT_NUMBER: 541715

This paper investigates the stability of quaternion-valued impulsive bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with time-varying delays and unknown parameters. By constructing novel Lyapunov functions and proposing appropriate assumptions for the differential equations, new stability criteria are derived. Finally, a numerical example is also provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed conditions.

Alphainterferons are cytokines that became famous in the treatment of some infections and neoplasias given their antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities. These small proteins have been successfully manufactured in transformed Escherichia coli, but as commonly seen in biotech industries, overexpression leads to insoluble inclusion bodies that need to be processed along costly and long steps. Here we describe a simple strategy composed of strain BL21(DE3) displaying a pET plasmid with the IFN-α2a gene, first grown at high temperature for biomass accumulation until mid-log phase, then cultivated at cooler conditions without inducers such as IPTG or lactose. Exclusively based on the optimized leaky expression, the protein was mostly delivered in its soluble and bioactive form, then further purified by a customized protocol of acid precipitation coupled with a one-step chromatography.

The ecological environment determines the evolutionary process allowing specialized morphs to emerge in sympatry, but the drivers behind this process are not yet well understood. The parallel evolution among lacustrine fishes implies the existence of basic and universal drivers of sympatric diversification. We assumed that these might be dyschronic annual oscillations of food resource abundance for different niches. A tiny ecosystem inhabited by two reproductively isolated salmonid morphs was chosen as the simplest model to test this hypothesis using ecological and modelling approaches. We found that the ontogenetic timing of the morphs is synchronized with diametrically shifted annual resource maxima in the pelagic and benthic zones. Using food niche data and long-term environmental modelling, we confirm that these shifts are driven by environmental factors with high inter-annual repeatability making them key drivers of parallel evolution in lacustrine fishes. These results allow us to explain how the diversification process works in the large number of northern ecosystems with four seasonal climates. Furthermore, our findings give the direct clues to embed the natural data into Levin-type models for future explanations and predictions of northern fish diversifications in natural and artificial waterbodies.

Mosses play crucial ecological roles and associate with nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria, especially in unpolluted ecosystems where they can be the primary N input source. While the environmental drivers of N fixation in mosses have been assessed in northern, cold ecosystems, it is still unknown if the same factors control moss-associated N fixation in the tropics. Here, we used a steep elevational gradient in central Costa Rica to assess how changes in climate across a mountain impacts moss-associated N fixation rates and the moss microbiome. We found that relative humidity drives N fixation rates across the elevational gradient. Bacterial communities and diversity differed between the two ecosystems and between mosses, with the highest diversity found on a moss from the páramo. Our findings highlight the importance of the contemporary climate-related variables for moss-associated N fixation rates and the historical climate for bacterial communities colonizing mosses.

Background: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are used globally and are reliable, but complications related to transvenous leads remain a concern. Evidence related to the incidence and costs of those complications is heterogeneous with respect to scope and healthcare system. This analysis aims to create estimates of the incidence and costs of tricuspid valve complications, lead failures, and lead extractions from a single large real-world dataset. Methods and Results: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study used the de-identified Medicare Fee for Service administrative claims database. A total of 116,036 patients with de novo transvenous ICD implant were analyzed. Mean hospital costs were $26,903 for tricuspid valve complications, $20,851 for lead failures, and $22,278 for lead extractions. Conclusions: Transvenous ICD lead complications incur significant costs to patients, hospitals, and payers when they occur. Advancements in lead technology that reduce these complications could bring significant clinical and economic value.

We commend the groundbreaking study by Song et al., recently published in VIEW (DOI: 10.1002/VIW.20240146), which introduces artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted confocal Raman spectroscopy imaging as a transformative tool for characterizing myocardial remodeling 1. This work elegantly bridges molecular biochemistry and clinical cardiology, addressing a critical unmet need in diagnosing heart failur

International students encompass a large portion of students in the U.S. higher education system. There are some unique problems international students must face when studying abroad. Some of these problems could lead to serious mental health issues when they are not appropriately managed. However, research has indicated that international students in the United States rarely seek help from their university counseling centers despite these issues potentially leading to serious psychological problems (Hwang et al., 2014). Previous studies have explored predictors of international students’ help-seeking intentions. Yet, these findings tend to be contradictory because these studies overlook individual group differences (Yoon & Portman, 2004). Therefore, the present study examines some of these predictors within and between the Mainland Chinese (MCIS) and Hong Kong Chinese international students (HKCIS). This study utilized path analysis to investigate the following predictors: group identity, acculturation level, self-stigma, perceived English proficiency, loss of face. Results showed that there was a significant difference in help-seeking intentions between the MCIS and HKCIS. The observed differences were attributable to level of self-stigma, perceived English proficiency, and loss of face, but not level of acculturation.

As a second-class nationally protected wild plant in China, the response mechanism of wild soybean to salt stress holds significant research value. In this study, hydroponic experiments with varying salt gradients were conducted, and high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to investigate the effects of salt stress on fungal communities in the roots and rhizosphere of wild soybean. The aim was to elucidate the reconfiguration rules of plant-fungal interactions under salt stress and to explore the development and utilization of beneficial microbial resources within its root and rhizosphere systems. The results indicated that the fungal communities in the roots (including the root system and rhizosphere) of wild soybean did not show substantial differences in biodiversity across different salinity levels. However, these communities could enhance adaptability to adverse conditions by restructuring their composition, thereby maintaining a relatively stable ecological system.

Management of Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens Alongside Neurologic Contraindication to Anticoagulation: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Dilemma

Title PageManuscript Title:Indomethacin-Associated Transient Hyperglycemia in a Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetic Patient: A Self-Controlled Observational Case ReportAuthor:Dr. Parisa Damirchi, MD – OtolaryngologistAffiliation:Private ENT Clinic, Tehran, IranCorresponding Author:Dr. Parisa DamirchiEmail: parisa.damirchi.md@gmail.comKeywords:Indomethacin, Hyperglycemia, Type 2 Diabetes, NSAIDs, Case ReportRunning Title:Indomethacin-Induced Hyperglycemia in T2DMKey Clinical MessageClinicians should be aware of the potential glycemic impact of indomethacin, even in stable type 2 diabetic patients. Monitoring blood glucose in such patients may help identify unexpected side effects early and avoid unnecessary escalation in diabetes treatment.IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic condition requiring consistent glycemic control to prevent long-term complications. Many T2DM patients regularly use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for musculoskeletal issues. While NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen have been studied for their metabolic effects, evidence regarding indomethacin remains limited. This case report presents a self-controlled observation of transient hyperglycemia associated with short-term indomethacin use in a well-controlled diabetic patient.Case History / ExaminationA 45-year-old male with a 7-year history of T2DM and prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was managed with stable doses of metformin (500 mg BID) and Glorenta (10/5 mg QD), alongside cardiovascular medications. He maintained a low-carbohydrate, low-fat diet, regular physical activity, and self-monitored blood glucose three times daily.Baseline laboratory values were:HbA1c: 6.1%BUN: 21.4 mg/dLCreatinine: 0.95 mg/dLALT: 57 IU/LAST: 36 IU/LALP: 160 IU/LDifferential Diagnosis, Investigations and TreatmentThe patient was prescribed indomethacin 25 mg BID for six days due to trigger finger pain. On day 2 of treatment, he experienced polyuria. Glucose logs showed a consistent increase in fasting, post-breakfast, and post-lunch blood sugar levels. No signs of infection, dietary deviation, or other potential causes were present. Upon discontinuing indomethacin, glucose levels returned to baseline within three days.Conclusion and Results (Outcome and Follow-up)This case shows a temporal relationship between indomethacin use and transient hyperglycemia in a self-controlled setting. No lasting effects or complications were noted. Figure 1 illustrates the glucose trend:FBS: from 120.5 to 126.2 mg/dL, post-treatment 113.22hpp: from 102.5 to 109.2, post-treatment 96.7Post-lunch: from 94.2 to 117.5, post-treatment 106.7Figure 1 caption: Blood glucose trends before, during, and after indomethacin therapy.Patient ConsentWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying data or figure.DiscussionThis case emphasizes a possible reversible hyperglycemic effect of indomethacin. Given the absence of other factors and the pattern of return to baseline post-treatment, a metabolic side effect is likely. Potential mechanisms include interference with insulin signaling or hepatic glucose output via COX inhibition. Although rare, this observation supports the need for glycemic monitoring in T2DM patients prescribed indomethacin.Author ContributionDr. Parisa Damirchi was solely responsible for the conception of the case, data collection, interpretation, manuscript writing, and final approval.References1. Wallace JL. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1547–1565.2. Helmers RA, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;306(3):1081–1086.3. Misra P, Kumar A. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2013;33(4):182–189.

Solitary fibrous tumors of the submandibular gland: a case report

Title PageTitle:Cutaneous vasculitis with double negative ANCA and vessel wall biopsy：A Case ReportLi-Feng Chen1*, Yi-Qing Feng2*, Juan Ni11Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command,Wuhan430070, Hubei Province,P.R.C2 Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan442000,Hubei Province,P.R.C(Co-First Author: Li-Feng Chen, Yi-Qing Feng; Co-corresponding authors: Juan Ni)Submitted for review and possible publication in

Bilateral vocal fold palsy due to an underlying malignancy is a rare occurrence; however, it should not be overlooked in patients with bilateral vocal fold palsy when no other obvious causes are found. There have been no detailed reports on how such a case could present in the current literature. We hope