In this paper, we study the vaporization process of a polydisperse ensemble of liquid drops on the basis of a nonlinear set of balance and kinetics equations for the particle-radius distribution function and temperature in the gaseous phase. We found an exact parametric solution to this problem using a modified time variable and the Laplace integral transform method. The distribution function of vaporizing drops as well as its moments, the temperature dynamics in gas, and the unvaporized mass of drops are found. The initial particle-radius distribution shifts to smaller particle radii with increasing the vaporization time. As this takes place, the temperature difference between the drops and gas decreases with time. It is shown that the heat of vaporization and initial total number of particles in the system substantially influence the dynamics of a polydisperse ensemble of liquid drops.

For the following wave equations with structural damping and nonlinear memory source terms \[ u_{tt}+(-\Delta)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}u +(-\Delta)^{\frac{\beta}{2}}u_t =\int_{0}^{t}(t-s)^{\gamma-1} \vert u (s)\vert^{p}\,\text{d}s, \] and \[ u_{tt}+(-\Delta)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}u +(-\Delta)^{\frac{\beta}{2}}u_t = \int_{0}^{t}(t-s)^{\gamma-1} \vert u_s (s)\vert^{p}\,\text{d}s, \] posed in $(x,t) \in \mathbb{R}^N \times [0,\infty) $, where $u=u(x,t)$ is real-value unknown function, $p>1$, $\alpha,\beta\in (0, 2]$, $\gamma\in (0,1)$, we prove the nonexistence of global solutions. Moreover, we give an upper bound estimate of the life span of solutions.

In this paper, the semi-rational solutions that causes vector rogue waves and breathers can be obtained by using the Darboux dressing transformation. We studied vector rogue waves and the interaction between rogue waves and light-dark solitons, and observed that during the interaction, due to the interference between the light-dark components of the solitons, a respiration-like structures appears. Besides, it can be observed that the rogue waves and soliton merge together. Moreover, the main characteristics of the interactions between the breathers and bright-dark solitons are displayed with some graphics.

Although the pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not fully described, the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system is so complicated, and lymphopenia, hyper-inflammatory responses, and cytokines play an essential role in the pathology of COVID-19. Among the laboratory features of COVID-19, some hematological abnormalities have been described; however, no studies about lymphocyte subset analyses have been reported in children. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in pediatrics with mild or severe COVID-19. Subjects of the study were children with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia by real-time RT-PCR admitted to the Children’s Medical Center, affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Complete blood count and lymphocyte subpopulations were studied for all patients. The study population included 55 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (34 patients (62%) with mild and 21 patients (38%) with severe disease). Lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in patients with severe disease (mean± sd 1.6± 0.9 in the severe group vs. 2.3± 2.2 in the mild group). Compared with mild pneumonia, children with severe pneumonia had a higher count of CD8+ lymphocyte, while a lower percentage of CD4+ lymphocyte was observed; however, the differences were not significant. Interestingly, severe group had a significantly lower CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio compared to the mild group (1.1 ± 0.47 vs. 1.4 ± 0.8, p-value: 0.039). CD4+/CD8+ less than 2, 1.5, and 1 was found in 48 (87%), 40 (73%), and 19 cases (35%). Among 7 cases (13%) who died, 100% had CD4+/CD8+ ratio<2, 86% had CD4+/CD8+ ratio<1.5, and 29% had CD4+/CD8 + ratio<1. Lymphocyte counts and lymphocyte subset (CD4+ /CD8+ T cell ratio) reflect the disease severity, which can be considered as a potential predictor for disease severity of COVID-19 in children.

Background: Thyroid function tests (TFTs) are one of the most frequently performed hormonal tests. Abnormal reports are commonly encountered even in the absence of thyroid dysfunction with medication use during testing being an important cause of this anomaly. Knowledge about the effects of different drugs on various components of TFTs will prevent unnecessary referrals, investigation and potentially dangerous therapeutic decisions. Objective: This narrative review aims to provide information to physicians regarding how various medicines can alter results of TFT even in the euthyroid state. Methods: Articles published up to April, 2020 in English language were identified through searches in PubMed and Google Scholar with a search strategy using keywords appropriate to analyze the effects of different medications on thyroid assays. Results: Medications ranging from over-the-counter vitamins to anti-cancer drugs are associated with anomalous TFTs in euthyroid individuals. This occurs through mechanisms of assay interference and alterations in levels or affinity of thyroid binding proteins (TBPs). High-dose biotin can mimic findings seen in thyrotoxicosis by interference with immunoassays utilizing streptavidin-biotin immobilizing systems. Heparin-induced increase in non-essential fatty acid causes displacement of thyroxine (T4) from TBP, effecting an artefactual increase in free hormone levels. Increases or decreases in thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), the key TBG, can cause a corresponding change in total T4 and tri-iodothyronine levels. Estrogen, selective estrogen receptor modulators, 5-fluorouracil, mitotane, clofibrate, heroin and methadone can increase while androgens, anabolic steroids, glucocorticoids, nicotinic acid and l-asparaginase can decrease TBG. Salicylates, frusemide, carbamazepine and phenytoin may displace T4 from TBP, producing a decline in the total hormone levels. Conclusions: Many categories of medications can interfere with analysis of TFTs through different mechanisms. Awareness about these drug-induced TFT fallacies is essential to avoid improper diagnosis and overtreatment of euthyroid patients.

Orthogonal experiment design together with the analysis of variance was used to examine the processing parameters (laser power, scan speed, layer thickness and hatch spacing) of selective laser melting (SLM) for superior properties of SLM parts, in which nine groups of specimens of Ti-6Al-4V were fabricated. The porosity for each group was measured and the results clarify that the influence sequence of individual parameter on the porosity is laser power > hatch spacing > layer thickness > scan speed. Ultrasonic fatigue tests (20 kHz) were conducted for the SLMed specimens in high-cycle fatigue (HCF) and very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) regimes. The S-N data show that the fatigue strength is greatly affected by the porosity: the group with the smallest porosity percentage having the highest fatigue strength in HCF and VHCF regimes. Moreover, the observations by scanning electron microscopy revealed that fatigue cracks initiate at lack-of-fusion defects in the cases of surface and internal crack initiation.

Objective There are some suggestions that global myocardial strain (GLS) early after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a predictor of improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to evaluate predictive value of GLS in patient with STEMI. Methods The study population consists of 43 patients with acute STEMI and no history of prior coronary intervention treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. LVEF and myocardial strain indices were measured 48hours and two months after STEMI by transthoracic echocardiography and speckle tracking method. More than 5% improvement in LV EF was considered significant improvement. Results GLS values were significantly higher in patients with >5% improvement in LVEF 2 months after the STEMI (GLS=15.76% in patients with >5% improvement vs. 11.54% in the other group,P <0.05). ROC analysis suggested GLS values more than 13.5 to be a predictor of significant LVEF improvement 2 month after STEMI. Higher GLS was observed in patients with inferior, posterior and inferoseptal STEMI versus anterior, extensive or anteroseptal STEMI and in patients with right coronary occlusion versus occlusion of the left anterior descending or circumflex arteries. Conclusion We have observed that early longitudinal LV strain after STEMI is a predictor of during first 2 months after STEMI. This is a useful method to predict early LV recovery after STEMI. GLS values more than 13.5%is a significant predictor of significant LVEF improvement.

BACKGROUND Primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) has a significant part in non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. In our study, we compared the clinical, demographic, and laboratory features of patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy (DN) and PGN with type 2 DM METHODS In our retrospective study, type 2 DM patients who underwent kidney biopsy between 2011-2019 were included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of DN and PGN patients were compared. RESULTS Seventy patients with a mean age of 55.7 ± 9.4 and 43 (61.4%) males were included. 38 (54.3%) of the patients had DN, and 32 (45.7%) had PGN. In the PGN, membranous GN (20, 62.5%) was most common. In DN patients, diabetes duration was longer; complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure were more frequent. At the time of renal biopsy, blood sugar, HbA1C, blood pressure, serum albumin, and proteinuria values were similar in 2 groups. The pathological damage findings of kidney biopsy in DN patients were more severe. In the first year after kidney biopsy decrease in eGFR was higher in DN patients, whereas eGFR did not change in PGN patients. CONCLUSION In a diabetic patient, fasting blood sugar, hbA1C, serum albumin, and proteinuria did not differ in the differential diagnosis of DN and PGN, whereas complications of DM (retinopathy, neuropathy, hypertension, coronary artery disease) were more characteristic in differentiation. Detection of PGN in a diabetic patient is crucial for the success of the treatment, according to DN.

A patient with dacryocystitis who had a regular ophthalmology visit canceled the regular visit with a COVID-19 pandemic. After that, serious deterioration was observed and emergency evisceration was performed. Even during COVID-19 pandemic, so it is necessary to continue regular eye examinations and infection treatment.

A 26-year-old female developed bilateral blindness after a complete remission for ALK-positive ALCL. Initial workup showed neurolymphomatosis involving the bilateral optic nerves. She underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation and she remained in complete remission after 1 year; however her vision never improved. ALCL likely led to destruction of the optic pathway.

Dissolved contaminants (NO3--N, etc.) in municipal sewage effluent and polluted water resources need to be further removed, but common advanced water treatment technologies usually have unsatisfactory performance and large process footprints. Magnetic seeding coagulation (MSC) has a rapid settling speed; however, it is less effective for removing dissolved contaminants and cannot recovers effective components. Herein, a novel covalently bound magnetic hybrid coagulant (MHC) was synthesized and used to treat secondary biological effluent. MHC settling time was 2/3 shorter than traditional MSC and showed high removal efficiencies for conventional coagulation indicators and dissolved contaminants such as NO3--N and organic nitrogen. The NO3--N removal mechanisms included NO3--N capture through the electrostatic attraction and the collision efficiency enhancement. MHC integral structure can be bioregenerated for multiple cycles. Because of its effectiveness in removing dissolved contaminants rapidly, MHC has potential application in advanced water treatment, especially in land-scarce areas.

Corona virus spread easily and rapidly over countries and caused COVID-19 disease with several organ damage. Lymphopenia and elevation NLR, LDH and CRP in covid 19 patients could be a predictive factor, and when they become deeper during hospitalization show the patients to need ICU admission.

Needle embolisms in the heart are quite rare and their management is largely based on clinical experience. We describe a patient with chest pain, shortness of breath and EKG demonstrating subtle inferolateral ST elevations found to have a bloody pericardial effusion causing tamponade from a long-ago injected needle.

The artificial simulated rainfall test method is used to deeply analyze the mechanism of the change of sediment concentration on the grassland slope .Under the experimental condition, the results show the following. 1). The addition of root volume can increase the accuracy of the expression of the sediment concentration variability and reduction of sediment concentration by 0.5% and 1.12%, respectively; 2).The relationship between the vegetation characteristics and the sediment concentration on the grassland slope is best expressed by the coverage and root volume; 3).The slope plays a larger role than the rain intensity in the change of sediment concentration on grassland slopes .

Among psychiatric dermatoses, neurotic excoriation is characterized by the patient's confession of causing lesions on the skin itself, without presenting a basic dermatological disease. The theme has been gaining prominence since the incorporation of the diagnosis in the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, APA 2014). However, it was found that the subject has been scarcely addressed in the literature since not all cases are diagnosed and this pathology has more than one denomination (excoriation disorder, pathological palpation of the skin, neurodermatitis, dermatotillomania, and psychogenic excoriation). Therefore, the present study addressed the main clinical findings in research studies, through a systematic review, on neurotic excoriation, in addition to valuing the importance of psychological aspects in etiopathogenesis. Keywords: Neurotic excoriation. Excoriation disorder. Itching. Skin picking. Dermatotillomania.

A 53- year old woman presented with recurrent episodes of paroxysmal tachycardia with a structurally normal heart. She had undergone an electrophysiology study in an outside hospital which revealed orthodromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (ORT) using a concealed left posterolateral accessory pathway (AP), for which radiofrequency ablation was performed. But tachycardia recurred three months later. In view of significant symptoms, she came to us for a repeat procedure. The AH and HV intervals were 77 ms and 45 ms respectively. Narrow complex tachycardia with a cycle length (CL) of 300 ms was easily and repeatedly induced and terminated (Figure 1, left panel) by a premature ventricular complex (PVC). Shortly another tachycardia with CL of 255 ms was induced and terminated (Figure 1, right panel) by a premature ventricular complex. Later, during another tachycardia, a spontaneous change was seen (Figure 2). Are we dealing with a single tachycardia mechanism?

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important and complex crops trait and its improvement represents a strategy to maintain high yield reducing N-supply. We report the genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of four eggplants contrasting for NUE to identify key genes related to the NUE pathway, after short- and long-term low-N exposure, in both root and shoot. Co-expression Gene Networks (CGN) analysis permitted to identify up-regulated differential expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the light reaction pathway, the biological processes response to inorganic substance, abiotic stimulus and cellular response to nitrogen starvation in high NUE genotypes. Some transcription factor (TF) were up-regulated in the N-use efficient genotypes, in particular, WRKY33 showed a significant up-regulation triggering the higher expression of 21 genes cluster including other TFs, many of which associated to N-metabolism. To validate our results, an independent de novo experiment including two other NUE-contrasting genotypes, at both low and high N supply, was carried out. Interestingly, the high significant WRKY33 expression and its cluster were confirmed in the high NUE genotypes at low-N supply. Moreover, the WRKY33 role was confirmed in Arabidopsis as the 35S::AtWRKY33 over expressing line showed a more competitive root system able to uptake more efficiently N from the soil.

We present comprehensive measurements of the evaporation behaviour, E, of a thinning film during a hydrodynamic-evaporative spincoating experiment. E, ω (rotational speed), and \nu (viscosity) are the main control parameters of the process. The evolution of the entire film thinning process can be described theoretically quite well based on the bulk value of \nu of the deposited liquid and with a process-specific (constant) E. The weighing in values of \nu are easily accessible (calculations, literature values, simple measurements). E is specific for the experimental conditions and values cannot be found in literature. There is also no generally accepted strategy to calculate E in advance. We analyzed our experimental results in view of a theoretical prediction for E, which was presented already some time ago by Bornside, Macosco, and Scriven, but never tested experimentally. We find good agreement between theory and experiment for many solvents and different! Accordingly, this approach permits in advance the calculation of the evolution of the entire hydrodynamic-evaporative film thinning in a spincoating process. In addition, we present a general formula, which allows in the case of spincoating mixtures of volatile solvents and nonvolatile solutes the prediction of the final solute deposit based on literature data only.

In the current literature, we observed a tendency to describe normal values ​​of echocardiographic measurements by means of the Z-score. In fetal cardiology, these Z-score equations are still being established. Measurement of myocardial thickness is an important assessment especially in fetuses of diabetic pregnant women because of the risk of developing myocardial hypertrophy secondary to elevated maternal blood glucose levels. To determine the percentiles and to develop the Z-score equations of right and left ventricular lateral wall and interventricular septum measurements using two-dimensional echocardiography in normal fetuses between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. This is a prospective cross-sectional study that was performed in single fetuses with normal heart and in non-diabetic pregnant women. Measurements of the lateral wall of the right and left ventricles and the interventricular septum were made. 873 pregnant women were included. We determined the percentiles of the measurements for each gestational age. The Z-score equation was developed for each of the measurements: right ventricular lateral wall measurement [RVLW = x - (- 1 + 0.109 * GI) / 0.4], left ventricle lateral wall measurement [LVLW = x - (- 1.366 + 0.12 * GI) / 0.43] and the interventricular septum in the four-chamber plane [IVS4ch = (x - (- 1,113+ 0.107 * IG) / 0.4] and the interventricular septum in the left ventricular outflow tract plane [IVSLVOT = (x - (-0.581 + 0.084 * GI) / 0.35]. The present study allowed to demonstrate the percentiles and the Z-score equations for each of the measures studied.

A document by Thomas P. Dooley. Click on the document to view its contents.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is an anomaly where the pulmonary veins are directly connected to one of the systemic veins or to the right atrium. The most common classification of this condition is by Craig, Darling and Rothney, which is based on the anatomic site of abnormal connection

To investigate the phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of porcine bocavirus (PBoV), 281 clinical samples including 236 intestinal tissue samples and 45 fecal samples were collected from diarrheal piglets in 27 different pig farms of central China, and SYBR Green I-based qPCR assays were developed to detect PBoVs. Among the 281 samples, 148 (52.67%) were positive for PBoV1/2, 117 (41.63%) were positive for PBoV3/4/5, and 55 (19.57%) were positive for both PBoV1/2 and PBoV3/4/5. Subsequently, two complete genome sequences of PBoV strains CH/HNZM (accession numbers KX017193) and PBoV-TY (accession numbers MH454686) were cloned in this study. A multiple genomic sequence alignment showed that the pairwise similarity of the two PBoV strains was 94.8%, and they had 44.5%-95.8% genomic nucleotide sequence identity with 35 reference strains. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the two PBoV strains CH/HNZM and PBoV-TY clustered into the PBoV2 group, and PBoV-TY was closely related to the PBoV strain GD18 strain (KJ755666) which may be derived from PBoV strains 0912/2012 (MH558677) and 57AT-HU (KF206160) through the recombination analysis. Compared with reference strain ZJD (HM053694)-China, a higher variation in the NS1 amino acids of PBoVs was found for CH/HNZM and PBoV-TY. These results had provided further information of the PBoV prevalence in central China, and they extend our understanding of the molecular epidemiology and evolution of PBoV.

Objective To investigate the treatment of pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAA), and to improve the understanding of the disease and the level of diagnosis and treatment. Methods This article mainly reports a case of huge PAA patients treated with surgical treatment. Results After surgery, the prognosis of the case was good. Conclusion PAA has low incidence，which is rare in clinical with no clinical specific symptoms leading to difficulty in early detection. The appropriate surgical method should be considered to the patient condition, to prevent the tumor rupture and the death of patients.

An anomalous origin of the left circumflex coronary artery that arises as a side branch of the right coronary artery and encircles the aortic annulus is usually an incidental finding. However, in patients undergoing aortic valve/root procedures, its existence can significantly complicate the surgical treatment. We report our operative strategy with three different prostheses without valve downsizing.