Long strictly forbidden, tele-psychotherapy has now also found its way to Germany. This article is one of the first experience reports, written a year after the liberalization of this kind of medical service in all 16 German federal countries. The Feldmann Paper explains the current situation in Germany (May 2021).

Background and Prupose: The nuclear bile acid (BA) receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a major regulator of metabolic/energy homeostasis in peripheral organs. Indeed, enterohepatic-expressed FXR controls metabolic processes (BA, glucose and lipid metabolism, fat mass, body weight). The central nervous system (CNS) regulates energy homeostasis in close interaction with peripheral organs. While FXR has been reported to be expressed in the brain, its function has not been studied so far. Experimental Approach: We studied the role of FXR in brain control of energy homeostasis by treating wild-type and FXR-deficient mice by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection with the reference FXR agonist GW4064. Key Results: Here we show that pharmacological activation of brain FXR modifies energy homeostasis by affecting brown adipose tissue (BAT) function. Brain FXR activation decreases the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and consequently the sympathetic tone. FXR activation acts by inhibiting hypothalamic PKA-CREB induction of TH expression. Conclusions and Implication: These findings identify a function of brain FXR in the control of energy homeostasis and shed new light on the complex control of energy homeostasis by BA through FXR.

Suggested Time: 60 minutesOverview:The lesson will have students thinking about a structural building that can withstand floods. Students will be building on knowledge they have already learned about natural disasters. They will understand that these natural disasters can significantly impact someone's life and the house they are living in. Students will research different structural buildings that already exist to help prevent flooding and then they will create a building of their own, following the engineering design process, that will withstand a flood. Their buildings will be tested at the end of the series of lessons to evaluate the success of their creation.VocabularyTsunamiFloodUprootDestructionDamageShelterSurgeOverflowNGSS Standards:3.ESS2-1. Make a claim about the merit of a design solution that reduces the impacts of a weather related hazard.Common Core Math Standards:Measurement and DataGeometryProject Materials:CardboardPlastic WrapToilet paper cardboard rollsTapeGlueStudent choice materials (brainstorm with students)Multimedia Resources:Video: Anti-flood inventions: https://youtu.be/5ZZyYyN2DcwEbook: EPIC books- Floods by Julie MurrayEbook: EPIC books- Disaster Zone Floods by Vanessa BlackEbook: EPIC books- Safe Buildings by Kaitlyn DulingVideos from mysteryscience.comBefore the Lesson/Background InformationStudents should be familiar with the design engineering process and the teacher (or students) should have this somewhere in the classroom to refer to. Such as on the SMARTboard or in student notebooks.Students should have discussed what natural disasters are and how they can impact communities.The LessonPart 1: Research and background information (20-30 minutes)Start by reviewing with students natural disasters and what happens when there is a flood. Tell students we need to come up with a way that more buildings can survive floods. They are to research different types of structures that are used in areas that frequently flood and then share their findings with the class.When students have researched and shared with the class, they will then be tasked with the project. They are a construction worker who has been tasked with creating a new design for a building that will not get wet if the area floods.Students will be given approximately 10 minutes to use the knowledge they have learned to come up with a plan for their structural design. Tell students what resources they have available to them and the constraints of how many materials they can use. The building should also be a certain height, determined by the teacher, and be able to withstand a flood of about 5 inches.Part 2: Design, test and reflect (30-40 minutes)Students will continue their work from yesterday. In order to move forward they need to show their design/blueprint of their building to the teacher to ensure they have a clear idea of their goal.Students will then start collecting materials and designing. Students can test the design if needed and can make adjustments based on their tests.Give students a chance to share their work with the class, they will then test their designs by slowly lowering their house into a bin full of water, until the house is submerged all 5 inches. Finally, they will reflect (orally or written) on what went well and what could be changed next time.Extension: Students can upload videos of them testing their final projects to flipgrid. Have classmates give feedback on their designs and how to improve them further. If the structure did withstand the flood the students can reflect on the successful characteristics.Technology Connection:- If technology is available students can research different architecture of houses built in places where it commonly floods.Art Connection:- In addition to the lesson, students can decorate the outside of their house as long as it is weather-proofed for the flood test.

Background: Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy is a commonly used imaging modality in the pediatric population. The radiopharmaceuticals which have the effects of ionizing are used in this method. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the Tc-99m DMSA scan on renal oxidative stress and mononuclear leukocyte DNA damage. Methods: Twenty-seven patients who performed Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy were included in this study. Three ml heparinized blood samples were taken just before, during, and after a week from the scintigraphy. Mononuclear leukocyte(MNL) DNA damage, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status(TOS) were measured in blood samples. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. The spot urine samples were taken from each patient before and within three days after performing the scintigraphy. TAS/Creatinine(TAS/Cr), TOS/Creatinin(TOS/Cr), and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase/creatinine(NAG/Cr) levels were measured in urine samples. OSI was calculated. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the values of TAS, TOS and OSI studied in serum samples between controls and study group(p=0.105, p=0.913, and p=0.721, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of TAS/Cr, TOS/Cr, NAG/Cr, and OSI which were studied in urine samples before and after scintigraphy scan(p=0.381, p=0.543, p=0.129 and p=0.08 respectively). The levels of DNA damage were increased only after the performance of the scintigraphy scan and decreased a week later(p<0.05). Conclusions: The effect of Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy is insufficient to create oxidative damage, but it can cause DNA damage via the direct impact of ionizing radiation which can be repaired again in a short time. Keywords: Tc-99m DMSA, DNA damage; reactive oxygen species; renal tubular injury; children

Aims: To evaluate the effects of certolizumab treatment on insulin resistance (IR), lipid parameters, and cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: This prospective study included 80 consecutive patients with AS (52 males, 28 females) and 74 control subjects (48 males, 26 feemales). The AS patients and control group were compared in respect of basal values. All AS patients with active disease were treated with certolizumab. Biochemical profiles were obtained before and after 24 weeks of certolizumab treatment. Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to measure IR and the quantitative insulin sensitivity control index (QUICKI) was used to measure insulin sensitivity. The Framingham equation was used to evaluate CV risk factors. Results: A statistically significant increase was determined in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) values after 24 weeks of certolizumab treatment. No statistically significant change was determined in the plasma atherogenic index (PAI) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values. A statistically significant decrease was determined in HOMA-IR and an increase in QUICKI. When the Framingham risk scoring was compared with the baseline values, a statistically significant decrease in risk was found at week 24. Conclusions: Certolizumab therapy was associated with a significant increase in HDL-C, TC, and TG levels without any significant change in PAI and LDL-C, and was determined to increase insulin sensitivity and lower insulin resistance. There was also a significant reduction in SBP and 10-year Framingham risk scores at 24 weeks after the start of certolizumab therapy.

Objectives: To determine which risk factors contribute to worse COVID-19 outcome in children. Methods: Data sources: The review was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS. Study selection and data extraction: Articles published in the last year, written in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. Duplicates, editorials, letters to the editor, theses, dissertations, review articles, reports, case studies, and studies not addressing the theme were excluded. Controlled terms in Portuguese and English indexed in (DeCS) and (MeSH), and the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” were used. Synthesis: The risk of bias was calculated using the R software, analysed by the GRADE system and using a funnel plot. All effects were analysed and calculated at a 95% confidence interval. The evidence level was analysed using Stillwell and collaborators’ proposal. Results: A total of 1,628 articles were found. All articles were written in English, one was published in 2019, and 10 in 2020. Six studies were descriptive, two were multicentric cohort studies, two were retrospective cohort studies, one was observational-retrospective, and most were evidence level VI. In essence, all studies pointed out that children with underlying diseases tend to develop more severe COVID-19 illnesses and more hospitalization than children without these diseases. Conclusion: The knowledge of the risk factors related to worse COVID-19 outcomes by professionals allow a better assessment of patients and make them able to act with greater precision in the promotion, prevention, and rehabilitation of these children.

Background: Reaching early and definitive diagnosis in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator-related metabolic syndrome (CRMS)/CF screen-positive, inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID) is a priority of all CF newborn screening programs. Currently, sweat testing is the gold standard for CF diagnosis or exclusion. We assessed outcomes in a cohort of Italian CRMS/CFSPID infants who underwent repeat sweat testing in the first year of life. Methods: This multicentre, prospective study analysed clinical data and outcomes in CRMS/CFSPID infants born between September 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019, and followed until June 30, 2020. All subjects underwent CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene sequencing and the search for CFTR macrodeletions/macroduplications, and repeat sweat testing in the first year of life. Results: Fifty subjects (median age at end of follow-up, 16 months [range, 7–21 months]) were enrolled. Forty-one (82%) had the first sweat chloride in the intermediate range. During follow up, 150 sweat tests were performed (range, 1–7/infant). After a median follow-up of 8.5 months (range 1–16.2 months), 11 (22%) subjects were definitively diagnosed as follows: CF (n=2 [4%]) at 2 and 5 months, respectively; healthy carrier (n=8 [16%]), at a median age of 4 months (range 2–8 months); and healthy (n=1 [2%]) at 2 months of age. Inconclusive diagnosis remained in 39 (78%) infants. Conclusions: Early repeat sweat testing in the first year of life can shorten the time to definitive diagnosis in screening positive subjects with initial sweat chloride levels in the intermediate range.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy is known to increase the platelet count, but in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the effect of H. pylori infection on the response to treatment is not clear. This study aims to determine whether the response to the first–line treatment is affected by the states of H. pylori–positivity and –negativity in ITP patients. Methods: Adult newly diagnosed or chronic ITP patients who had not received eradication therapy for H. pylori infection were included. Characteristics of the patients, presence and severity of bleeding, initial platelet count, administered treatments, and treatment response rates were inspected. Results: Of 119 total patients, 32 (26.9%) were H. pylori–positive, 87 (73.1%) were H. pylori–negative. The most common treatment was standard–dose steroid in both groups (62.5% vs 68.9%, p=0.524). Rates of complete response, partial response, no response were comparable for the two groups (respectively, 75% vs 73.6%, and 18.8% vs 19.5%, and 6.2% vs 6.9%), and there was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.283). Conclusion: It can be stated according to the present study that; in ITP patients in whom treatment is indicated, the response to the first–line treatment without the administration of H. pylori eradication therapy is comparable between H. pylori–positive and H. pylori–negative patients. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, first-line treatment

Abstract To study the effects of the aging state and tensile strength on the fatigue properties of 6A01 Al alloy, the high-cycle fatigue (HCF) experiments were carried out for different aging states. The results show that the 6A01 Al alloy with the highest tensile strength at peak-aging state can exhibit the highest fatigue strength in comparison with the overaged state and the underaged state. The main reason is that the increased strength of the 6A01 Al alloy at peak-aging state can improve the plastic deformation resistance and inhibit the fatigue crack initiation. Besides, the intermittent distribution of grain boundary precipitates at the peak-aging state is beneficial for reducing the fatigue damage. From these results, it is verified that the tensile strength plays a key role in the fatigue strength relative to the aging state for the low-strength Al alloys.

The salmonid-specific fourth vertebrate whole-genome duplication (Ss4R) occurred ~80 million years ago in the ancestor of all salmonids and provides a unique opportunity to study the evolutionary history of the duplicated genome. Study of the genome of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis might be particularly insightful given that this is the only Brachymystax species with a published salmonid genome. Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for B. l. tsinlingensis and found that the salmonids have a unique GC content and codon usage, have undergone a whole-genome duplication event and a burst of transposon-mediated repeat expansion, have a slower evolutionary rate, and possess specific expanded gene families and unique positively selected genes. Generally, the B. l. tsinlingensis genome could provide a valuable reference for the study of other salmonids as well as aid the conservation of this endangered species.

The breakdown of the ventricular zone (VZ) with the presence of blood in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been shown to increase shunt catheter obstruction in the treatment of hydrocephalus, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are generally unknown. Using a custom-built incubation chamber, we immunofluorescently assayed cell attachment and morphology on shunt catheters with and without blood after 14 days. Samples exposed to blood showed significantly increased cell attachment (average total cell count 392.0±317.1 versus control of 94.7±44.5, P<0.0001). Analysis of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression showed similar trends (854.4±450.7 versus control of 174.3±116.5, P<0.0001). An in vitro model was developed to represent the exposure of astrocytes to blood following an increase in BBB permeability. Exposure of astrocytes to blood increases the number of cells and their spread on the shunt.

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a rare but complex and serious complication. Detailed descriptions of cases and management strategies are needed due to lack of prospective trials. Objectives: Describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and management of AIHA after HSCT in a pediatric cohort. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 33 pediatric patients with AIHA after HSCT at an academic tertiary care center from 2003 to 2019. A case-control analysis was performed to compare outcomes. Results: The overall incidence of AIHA after allogeneic HSCT was 3.8% (33/868). AIHA was significantly more common after transplant for non-malignant versus malignant diagnoses (7.0% (26/370) vs. 1.4% (7/498), p<0.0001). AIHA developed at a median of 4.7 months (range: 1.0-29.7) after transplant. Sixteen of 33 patients (48.5%) required new AIHA-directed pharmacologic therapy; 17 (51.5%) were managed on their current immunosuppression and supportive care. Patients managed without additional therapy were significantly older, more likely to have a malignant diagnosis, and tended to develop AIHA at an earlier timepoint after transplant. Patients received a median of 2 red blood cell transfusions within the first two weeks of diagnosis and a median of one AIHA-directed medication (range: 1-4), most commonly corticosteroids and rituximab. Conclusions: AIHA after HSCT is rare but occurs more commonly in patients transplanted for non-malignant diagnoses. While some patients can be managed on current immunosuppression and supportive care, many require AIHA-directed therapy including second-line medications.

Objectives The aim of the present study is to develop and validate the COVID-Q, a novel symptom questionnaire specific for COVID-19 patients, to provide a comprehensive and standard clinical evaluation. A secondary goal of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the COVID-Q in identifying subjects at higher risk of being tested positive for COVID-19. Material and methods 460 subjects (230 COVID-19 cases and 230 healthy controls), answered the COVID-Q. Parallel Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were used to identify clusters of items measuring the same dimension. The IRT-based analyses evaluated the functioning of item categories, the presence of clusters of local dependence among items, item fit within the model and model fit to the data. Results Parallel analysis suggested the extraction of six components, which corresponded to as many clinical presentation patterns: asthenia, influenza-like symptoms, ear and nose symptoms, breathing issues, throat symptoms, and anosmia/ageusia. The final IRT models retained 27 items as significant for symptom assessment. The total score on the questionnaire was significantly associated with positivity to the molecular SARS-CoV-2 test. Subjects with multiple symptoms were significantly more likely to be affected by COVID-19 (p < .001). Older age and male gender also represented risk factors. None of the examined comorbidities had a significant association with COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion The application of the novel COVID-Q to everyday clinical practice may help identifying subjects who are likely to be affected by COVID-19 and address them to a nasopharyngeal swab in order to achieve an early diagnosis.

“Takotsubo cardiomyopathy”, also known as “broken heart syndrome” and “stress cardiomyopathy” was first identified in the Japanese population in 1990 as a transient non-ischemic cardiomyopathy predominantly affecting post-menopausal females

Anthropogenic withdraw of groundwater and climatic drought results in the decline of groundwater depth that, in turn, severely limits the water availability for phreatophytic vegetation in arid regions. In this study, a small xeric, phreatophytic tree Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A. Mey.) was investigated to understand the influence of depth to groundwater (DGW) on hydraulic traits and on the trade-off between drought tolerance and leaf area increment. A suite of traits including leaf water potential, pressure–volume (P–V) curves, Huber value, assimilation branch growth, and osmotic regulation substance were measured across five sites with DGW ranges from 3.45 to 15.91 m. Our results indicate that H. ammodendron was subject to greater water stress with increasing DGW, as indicated by decreased predawn (Ψpd) & midday (Ψmd) branch water potential. We also found that growth rate declined as Huber value increased with increasing DGW in the early growing season (EGS). Solute sugar, as a major osmotic substance, drives decreases in osmotic potential at full turgor, and thus constrains assimilation branch growth with increasing DGW in EGS. Therefore, osmotic adjustment accompanied with water potential regulation (Ψpd－Ψmd) and plasticity of Huber value allows this phreatophyte to absorb water from deeper soil layers and tolerate drought. However, these adaptive adjustments cannot fully compensate for nonoptimal water conditions as growth rate continued to decrease as DGW increased in EGS and even became negative in the late growing season (LGS) at almost all sites. Our results provide an insight into how H. ammodendron responds and adapts to changes DGW in a region experiencing hydrological and climatic drought. Greater depth of groundwater had a significant effect on H. ammodendron and may have similar effects for other non-riparian phreatophytic plants in arid regions.

Nilson Carlos Ferreira Junior1,2,3, Maurício dos Santos Pereira1,2,3, Nour Francis1, Paola Ramirez1, Florencia González-Lizarraga4, Rosana Chehín4, Elaine Del Bel2,3, Rita Raisman-Vozari1* and Patrick Pierre Michel1*

The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation (δD and δ18O, respectively) are important source signatures for understanding the hydrological cycle and paleoclimatic reconstruction. In this study, 32 precipitation samples were collected from April to October 2014 at the Luya Mountain summit, a representative site in the monsoon marginal area of north-central China. The isotopic signatures of precipitation exhibited strong seasonal variations ranging from -185.61‰ to -18.50‰ and -25.51‰ to -4.59‰ for δD and δ18O, respectively, which were relatively higher in August and lower in September. The local meteoric water line was δD=(7.95±0.16) δ18O+(15.79±1.77) (R2 = 0.988, N = 32, p < 0.001), which had a similar slope but higher intercept than that of the global meteoric water line, indicating that the precipitation in this area is mainly sourced from the ocean surface transported via monsoons. Additionally, the secondary evaporated water by continental recycled moisture was identified by the significantly higher deuterium excess value (16.09‰). Backward trajectories generated via the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model indicated seasonal moisture transport changes in the studied monsoonal marginal region, in which the main moisture sources were the Westerly winds in April, the Pacific Ocean in July, and the Indian Ocean in September. Secondary evaporated water from the alpine ecosystem may also influence the local atmospheric water cycle throughout the year. Positive temperature-isotopic signature effect (δD and δ18O) was observed in the cold season (before mid-May); however, the precipitation amount effect was observed in the monsoon season from June to August, and both effects became vague across the entire period. These findings suggest that the stable isotope compositions of precipitation can be utilized to determine the moisture sources in the monsoon marginal region of north-central China and potentially be utilized to reconstruct the precipitation signals in this region.

Nascimento G.C.*1, Bortolanza, M.*1, Bribian, A2., Leal-Luiz, G.C. 1, López-Mascaraque L2**., Del-Bel, E.1**

OBJECTIVE: The Maternal Foetal Triage Index (MFTI), a five-tier scale designed by Ruhl et al (2015) has been evaluated in this study for women attending the triage area of a tertiary hospital, to examine the effect on third delay and maternal and neonatal outcomes. DESIGN: Prospective observational study SETTING: The Labour and Delivery Unit of a tertiary care hospital SAMPLE: A convenience sample of 1000 women METHODS: Assessment included maternal history, baseline vital signs and obstetric examination and categorised the woman as per the MFTI scale. Evaluation of the MFTI score was assessed based on predefined maternal and neonatal outcomes within 24h of attendance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Flow of patients to triage, presenting complaints, Duration of hospital stay, maternal and neonatal outcomes within 24h of admission. RESULTS: A priority wise distribution of subjects based on their clinical diagnosis was found to be statistically significant for anaemia, previous caesarean, postpartum haemorrhage, miscarriage and hypertensive disorders. Sixty seven percent of the subjects belonged to Priority 3-4 and the mean hospital stay duration varied from 8.26±7.68 days for Priority 1 to 3.82±2.74 days for Priority 4 ((p<0.0001). The average time spent in the triage room was 30±17minutes. A priority wise analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes based on OBICU and NICU admissions, mortality and stillbirths was found to be significant. CONCLUSION: The MFTI scale significantly reduced the third delay, which is crucial in a high-volume, low resource setting. This also simplified handover, improved documentation and decreased time to secondary healthcare provider assessment. KEYWORDS:obstetrictriage,acuity,thirddelay,maternalmortality

The incidence of bovine tuberculosis (TB, caused by Mycobacterium bovis) in cattle has been associated with TB in badgers ( Meles meles) in parts of England. The aim was to identify badger associated M. bovis reservoirs in the Edge Area, between the High and Low Risk Areas for cattle TB. Data from badger TB surveys were sparse. Therefore, a definition for a local M. bovis reservoir potentially shared by cattle and badgers was developed using cattle TB surveillance data. The performance of the definition was estimated through Latent Class Analysis using badger TB survey data. Spatial units (25 km 2 ) in the Edge Area were classified as having a reservoir if they had i) at least one OTF-W (Officially Tuberculosis Free – Withdrawn) incident in a cattle herd not attributed to cattle movement in the previous two years, ii) more OTF-W incidents than Officially Tuberculosis Free – Suspended (OTF-S) incidents in the previous two years and iii) at least one TB incident (OTF-S or OTF-W) in at least three of the previous seven years. Approximately twenty percent of the Edge Area was classified as having a local M. bovis reservoir using the cattle-based definition. Assuming 15% TB prevalence in Edge Area badgers, sensitivity for the local M. bovis reservoir definition varied from 25.7% (95% Credible Interval (CrI) 10.7 to 85.1 %) to 64.8 % (95% CrI 48.1 to 88.0 %). Specificity was 91.9% (CrI 83.6 to 97.4 %). Over ninety percent of the local reservoir was in stable endemic TB areas identified through previous work and its spatial distribution was largely consistent with local veterinary knowledge. Uncertainty in the reservoir spatial distribution was explored through its recalculation in spatial units shifted in different directions. We recommend that the definition is re-evaluated as further data on badger infection with M. bovis becomes available.

Hydrogen bond (HB) dynamics at the air-water interface is investigated by constructing a new statistical approach to analyze the configuration data obtained from density functional-based molecular dynamics (DFTMD) simulations. To calculate HB dynamics for water molecules at the air-water interface, we combines two different ways to identify interfacial H-bonds. This approach gives two extreme cases of the interfacial HB dynamics: one underestimates the HB breaking rate constant and the other overestimates it. The HB dynamics in the water layers below the surface in these two extreme cases tends (is squeezed) to be the same as the thickness of the water layer increases. The advantage of this approach is that the real HB characteristics, such as the HB lifetime, HB reaction rate constants, and the thickness of the air-water interface, are determined when the two extreme cases start to give consistent results for them.

Aims: Staying at home for a prolonged period and the stress experienced due to the COVID-19 quarantine may affect sleep quality and night eating behaviours of individuals. This study aimed to identify the relationship between night eating behaviour, sleep quality, and perceptions of health locus of control in women during the pandemic. Methods: A questionnaire form evaluating demographic information, nutritional habits, health information and anthropometric measurements was conducted along with the Night Eating Syndrome (NES) Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PUKI), and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (A) form. Results: With a mean age of 33.0 ± 8.0 years 529 women participated in the study. The mean night eating scale score was 14.44 ± 4.72 and the mean PUKI score was 6.44 ± 2.90. Higher night eating scores were observed in participants with a chance locus of control perception when compared to participants with internal health locus of control perception (p <.05). Obese participants have lower sleep quality compared to normal and overweight participants (p <.05). It was also found that night eating behaviours significantly predicted sleep quality (R = .364, R2 =.133; p <.01) and explained about 13.3 % of the total variance of sleep quality. Conclusion: In this study conducted during the quarantine period, we showed that night eating behaviours significantly predict sleep quality, and individuals with a high perception of chance locus of control had a higher night eating scores than individuals with high perception of internal health locus of control.

The stability for magnetic field to the solution of the Riemann problem for the polytropic fluid in a variable cross-section duct is discussed. By the vanishing magnetic field method, the stable solutions are determined by comparing the limit solutions with the solutions of the Riemann problem for the polytropic fluid in a duct obtained by the entropy rate admissibility criterion.

Land resources are finite, comprised with biophysical complexities (biodiversity, soil, and water resources), vital in sustenance of life. However, multiple anthropogenic disturbances transmogrified the global landscapes with spread of invasive alien plants (IAPs), and perturbed the land-biophysical components, thereby triggering the ecosystem degradation. Nevertheless, the interrelationship of IAPs with land degradation and sustainable restoration is not well established. Furthermore, the restoration challenges of IAPs driven land degradation is also exacerbated under the event of climate change. In this review, the adverse impacts of IAPs on biophysical components of land resources are discussed to explicitly assess the drivers of ecosystem degradation. Restoration efforts of degraded lands should be therefore targeted to revitalize the associated biophysical complexities. Further, the explicit study on the effects of IAPs on plant-soil and plant-soil microbe interactions need to be at the heart of sustainable land or ecosystem restoration strategies. Several studies refused the blanket condemnation of IAPs in ecosystem restoration, ascribed to co-benefits (bioenergy, phytoremediation, biopolymers, and ethnomedicines), inextricably linked with the coverage of financial incentives. Nevertheless, the use of IAPs in ecological restoration needs pragmatic evaluation in terms of long-term ecosystem effects. To this end, the incorporation of ‘hybrid technology’, integrating scientific information with traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), can be the founding principle of sustainable ecosystem restoration and rural livelihood. Importantly, holistic approach in restoration of degraded lands in concert with ‘circular economy’ can remarkably influence in achieving the target of UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs) and UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (UN-DER) (2021-30).