Ulcerative Leg Wound in a Patient with Ulcerative ColitisQuestion: A 43-year-old male with a history of ulcerative colitis status post subtotal colectomy with end ileostomy presents with fevers and worsening right shin ulcerative wound. He had minor trauma to his right shin leading to erythema, tenderness, and ulceration (Figure 1 A, B, & C). He received two courses of oral antibiotics for presumed cellulitis yet had rapid wound progression. Biopsy from the wound showed dense dermal neutrophilic infiltrate and no growth in bacterial or fungal cultures (Figure 1 D& E). HIV, Hepatitis B, and C serology, antinuclear antibodies, and anti-cytoplasmic antibodies were all negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?Answer: This is a classic case of ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). PG is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis secondary to an aberrant inflammatory process that presents with rapidly progressing painful purulent ulcers, usually after a minor trauma1. PG is often confused with soft tissue infection leading to delayed diagnosis. However, associated conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and inflammatory arthritis should raise suspicion for PG1. A biopsy is needed for diagnosis after ruling out infection since the treatment is with immunosuppressive therapy2. Debridement should be avoided since it may worsen symptoms in the phenomenon known as the pathergy effect2.

The diet of an individual animal is subject to change over time, both in response to short-term food fluctuations and over longer time scales as an individual ages and meets different challenges over its life cycle. A metabarcoding approach was used to elucidate the diet of different life stages of a songbird, the Eurasian reed warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) over the summer breeding season of 2017. The faeces of adult, juvenile and nestling warblers were screened for invertebrate DNA, enabling identification of prey species. Dietary analysis was coupled with monitoring of Diptera in the field using yellow sticky traps. Seasonal changes in warbler diet were subtle whereas age class had a greater influence on overall diet composition. Age classes showed high dietary overlap, but significant dietary differences were mediated through the selection of prey, i) from different taxonomic groups, ii) with different habitat origins (aquatic versus terrestrial) and iii) of different average approximate sizes. Our results highlight the value of metabarcoding data for enhancing ecological studies of insectivores in dynamic environments.

In this paper, we look at a class of two-parameter coupled Kirchhoff-type fractional differential equations. Two differentiated methods are used to prove the existence of two solutions to the equation. The fundamental difference between the two methods is that the first provides asymptotic conditions for the non-linear terms on the right-hand side of the equation, while the second provides algebraic conditions; both methods combine substantial A-R conditions.

After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer in women globally. The Human Papillomavirus is the most common cause of cervical cancer. In this paper, we used a nonlinear ordinary differential equation system to build a mathematical model of cervical cancer with six compartments (the number of susceptible women, vaccinations of susceptible women, the infected women with HPV, the number of infected with cervical cancer, treatment individual, and recovery class). The model is examined using the existence of bounded and positive solutions, numerical analysis, sensitivity analysis, and stability analysis of disease-free and endemic equilibrium points as a function of R0 values. The numerical simulations of the system are carried out using the ODE45 subroutine of MATLAB and the results are revealed using graphs and biologically interpreted. Using numerical simulation, applying vaccination and increasing treatment for everyone can help to reduce and control the spread of cervical cancer.

The problem of quantifying uncertainty has not been well solved. To measure the uncertainty of uncertain variables, we first propose the concept of arc entropy via uncertainty distributions and introduce a new effective method in this paper. Some properties of arc entropy are derived, and some practical examples of uncertain variables are given. A formula for arc entropy is derived via inverse uncertainty distributions, and several basic theorems are proposed. Moreover, two general arc entropies are defined, and their properties are investigated. An application to uncertain learning curves is introduced, and an uncertain learning curve model is proposed. Another application to portfolio selection is presented, and its mathematical model is established.

Rationale, aims and objectives: New nurse graduates encounter a myriad of experiences in their first employment setting as a result of the lack of knowledge, specialized skills, transition shock, and other aspects of the situation. There is a lack of tools to assess the experiences encountered during the transition process in China. The aim of this research was to explore the reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Transition Shock Scale for Newly Graduated Nurses (TSSNGN) among recent Chinese nurse graduates. Methods:The Korean version of TSSNGN was translated and culturally adapted by Beaton and his colleagues based on the instrumental adaptation process. A methodological research design was adopted for the study. Newly graduated Chinese nurses (N=327) were recruited using convenience sampling method. All of he participants were investigated by the Chinese version of the TSSNGN and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The content, construct, convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity and the reliability of the scale were examined. Results: The TSSNGN Korean version includes 18 items. A modified index was used to improve the model fit and it supported the reliability of the Korean version of the TSSNGN model. Analysis of fit of the revised Chinese model using Nomed χ2 (CIMIN/df) showed: fit indices to 3.09, RMSEA = 0.07, RMR = 0.03, GFI = 0.90, IFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.90, CFI = 0.92. Criterion-related validity of the Chinese version of the TSSNGN showed significant correlation, and the Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. Factor loadings of the 18 questions ranged from 0.49 to 0.87. Conclusions: The simplified Chinese version of the TSSNGN is valid and reliable to assess the transition shock of newly graduated Chinese nurses. Keywords: newly graduated nurses; transition shock; reliability; validity

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) mutations underlie an inborn error of immunity called chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Beyond the fungal susceptibility, attributed to Th17 failure, over half of the reported patients suffer from autoimmune manifestations, the mechanism of which has not been explained yet. Dendritic cells (DCs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders, however, to date they have not been studied in STAT1 GOF CMC. We hypothesized that the STAT1 mutations would affect DCs’ properties and alter their inflammatory and tolerogenic functions. To test the hypothesis, we generated monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) and tolerogenic DCs (tDCs) from freshly isolated STAT1 GOF patients’ monocytes cultivated in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF (moDCs), and tolerogenic factors vitamin D2 and dexamethasone (tDCs). Functional and signaling studies, co-culture experiments and RNA sequencing demonstrated that STAT1 GOF DCs were profoundly altered in their phenotype and functions, characterized by defective autophagy, proinflammatory skew and loss of tolerogenic functions. The results suggested that DCs play an important role in the immune dysregulation in STAT1 GOF CMC and may contribute to the disease-associated autoimmune manifestations via alteration in various cellular mechanism, including autophagic processes.

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by an impaired post-vaccination response, high susceptibility to respiratory tract infections, and a broad spectrum of non-infectious complications. Thus, patients with CVID are at high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and vaccination’s role in prevention is questionable. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes, safety, and dynamics of humoral and T-cell immune responses induced by the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in CVID. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study focused on the clinical outcomes (proportion of infected patients, disease severity), safety (adverse-event incidence, laboratory-parameter changes), and dynamics of humoral (specific post-vaccination and virus-neutralizing-antibody assessment) and T-cell immune responses (anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell detection) in 21 patients with CVID after a two-dose administration of BNT162b2. The patients were followed for 6 months. Results: Humoral response was observed in 52% (11/21) of patients at month 1 post-vaccination but continuously decreased to 33.3% (5/15) at month 6. Nevertheless, they had a remarkably lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titer than healthy controls. The T-cell response was measurable in 33% (6/17) of patients with CVID at month 1, and it persisted for the study period. Mild infection occurred in three patients (14.3%) within the follow-up period. The vaccine also exhibited a favorable safety profile. Conclusions: The BNT162b2 vaccine elicited a measurable antibody response in a high proportion of patients, but it was limited by low titer of the virus-neutralizing antibodies and rapid waning of anti-RBD SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies. T-cell response was detected in one-third of the patients and remained stable within the follow-up period. Vaccination has favorable safety and clinical-related outcomes in preventing severe COVID-19.

Abstract Helicopter-based shooting is an effective management tool for large vertebrate pest animals. However, animals in low-density populations and/or dense habitat can be difficult to locate visually. Thermal-imaging technology can increase detections in these conditions. We used thermal-imaging equipment with a specific helicopter crew configuration to assist in aerial culling for feral pigs (Sus scrofa) and fallow deer (Dama dama) in South Australia in 2021. Seventy-two percent of pigs and 53% of deer were first detected in dense canopy/tall forest habitat. Median time from the first impact shot to incapacitation was < 12 seconds. The culling rate (animals hour-1) doubled compared to visual shoots over the same populations and the wounding rate was zero resulting in a incapacitation efficiency of 100%. The crew configuration gave the shooter a wide field of view and the thermal operator behind the shooter provided essential support to find new and escaping animals, and to confirm species identification and successful removal. The crew configuration allowed for successful target acquisition and tracking, with reduced target escape. The approach can increase the efficiency of aerial culling, has the potential to increase the success of programs where eradication is a viable option, and can improve animal welfare outcomes by reducing wounding rates and the escape of target animals.

Background Safety and immunogenicity of 3 doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in adult and pediatric patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) remain unknown. Intradermal vaccination may improve immunogenicity in immunocompromised patients. Our study (NCT04800133) aimed to determine the safety and immunogenicity in patients with IEIs receiving a 3-dose primary series of mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 (age 12+) or inactivated whole-virion vaccine CoronaVac (age 3+) in Hong Kong, including Omicron BA.1 neutralization, in a nonrandomized manner. Intradermal vaccination was also studied. Methods Thirty-nine patients were vaccinated, including 16 with homologous intramuscular 0.3ml BNT162b2 and 17 with homologous intramuscular 0.5ml CoronaVac. Two patients received 3 doses of intradermal 0.5ml CoronaVac, and 4 patients received 2 doses of intramuscular BNT162b2 and the third dose with intradermal BNT162b2. Adverse reactions and adverse events were tracked for 7 and 28 days after each dose. Antibody responses assessed included binding IgG antibody to wild-type (WT) spike receptor-binding domain (S-RBD IgG) and surrogate neutralization activity to WT and BA.1 viruses. T cell responses were examined by intracellular cytokine staining following stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 peptide pool(s). Results No safety concerns were identified. Inadequate antibody responses were found after 2 doses in patients with humoral immunodeficiencies and especially so against BA.1. Dose 3 of either vaccine increased S-RBD IgG response. T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 antigens were detected in vaccinated IEI patients. Intradermal third dose vaccine led to high antibody response in 4 patients. Conclusions The primary vaccination series of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in adults and children with IEIs should include 3 doses for optimal immunogenicity.

Natural Smile is the key to beauty. Dark gum is the most aesthetic problem that affects the smile of a large group of people especially those with high smile lines. These dark gingiva are considered natural melanin pigments contributing to the endogenous pigmentation of the gingiva. Aesthetics dentistry is a crucial and challenging era for all dentists.The gingival depigmentation procedure is a plastic periodontal surgery in which the gingival epithelium is scrapped with different techniques to remove the dark colour of the gingiva. The aim of this study was to shed light on the treatment modalities of gingival hyperpigmentation using scalpal surgery and/or bur abrasion techniques. Objective :The main concern of all dentists is to help patients feel satisfaction and self-confidence while talking and smiling. Treatment modalities for this condition include the surgical scalpel method ,cryotherapy ,electrotherapy and laser irradiation. In the present case series,the scraping technique was used which is simple, effective, and yields good results along with good patient satisfaction. Methods: Gingival depigmentation of a 19-year-old female patient was performed under local anesthesia with the scraping technique using a 15 no. Bard-Parker blade and in another case using a diamond bur at high speed for depigmentation. Discussion : The advantages of the procedure show psychological satisfaction to the patient. This case report describes the procedure for depigmentation of gingiva by surgical intervention which was successful and the patient was satisfied with the result Conclusion: Depigmentation of gingiva is a minimally invasive technique that can be performed at any dental clinic by using 15 no. The Bard-Parker blade with scraping technique which is simple, easy to perform, cost-effective, and above all, causes less discomfort and is esthetically acceptable to the patient.

\cite{Kotb_2022}\cite{Kotb_2022}Natural Smile is the key to beauty. Dark gum is the most aesthetic problem that affects the smile of a large group of people especially those with high smile lines. These dark gingiva are considered natural melanin pigments contributing to the endogenous pigmentation of the gingiva. Aesthetics dentistry is a crucial and challenging era for all dentists.The gingival depigmentation procedure is a plastic periodontal surgery in which the gingival epithelium is scrapped with different techniques to remove the dark colour of the gingiva. The aim of this study was to shed light on the treatment modalities of gingival hyperpigmentation using scalpal surgery and/or bur abrasion techniques. Objective :The main concern of all dentists is to help patients feel satisfaction and self-confidence while talking and smiling. Treatment modalities for this condition include the surgical scalpel method ,cryotherapy ,electrotherapy and laser irradiation. In the present case series,the scraping technique was used which is simple, effective, and yields good results along with good patient satisfaction. Methods: Gingival depigmentation of a 19-year-old female patient was performed under local anesthesia with the scraping technique using a 15 no. Bard-Parker blade and in another case using a diamond bur at high speed for depigmentation. Discussion : The advantages of the procedure show psychological satisfaction to the patient. This case report describes the procedure for depigmentation of gingiva by surgical intervention which was successful and the patient was satisfied with the result Conclusion: Depigmentation of gingiva is a minimally invasive technique that can be performed at any dental clinic by using 15 no. The Bard-Parker blade with scraping technique which is simple, easy to perform, cost-effective, and above all, causes less discomfort and is esthetically acceptable to the patient.

Background: Heart transplant from controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) is an emerging strategy that is rapidly expanding and may help increase the heart donor pool. Materials and Methods: The use of thoracoabdominal normothermic regional perfusion (TANRP) with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device has allowed to perform cardiac transplantation after cDCD. Several experiences have been carried out in recent years, however the maximum cold ischemia time is still unknown. We present a successful case of heart transplantation using a graft from cDCD from another hospital with 201 minutes of cold ischemia time, the longest published in Europe. Discussion and conclusion: Heart transplant from cDCD could be a good alternative to brain dead donation. This experience suggests than nonlocal cardiac donation in controlled asystole could tolerate long periods of cold ischemia time and break the main barriers in cardiac donation after circulatory death.

Motivated by an important geophysical application, we analyze the nonlinear dynamics of the number of earthquakes per unit time in a given Earth’s surface area. At first, we consider a dynamical model of earthquakes describing their rhythmic behaviour with time delays. This model comprises different earthquake scenarios divided into three types (A, B, and C) accordingly to various system dynamics. We show that the deterministic system contains stable equilibria and a limit cycle whose size drastically depends on the production rate $\alpha$ of earthquakes and their time-delay effect. As this takes place, the frequency of earthquakes possesses an oscillatory behaviour dependent on $\alpha$. To study the role of $\alpha$ in more detail, we have introduced a white Gaussian noise in the governing equation. First of all, we have shown that the dynamical system is stochastically excitable, i.e. it excites larger-amplitude noise-induced fluctuations in the frequency of earthquakes. In addition, these large-amplitude stochastic fluctuations can alternate with small-amplitude fluctuations over time. In other words, the frequency of earthquakes can change its amplitude in an irregular manner under the influence of white noise. Another important effect is how close the current value of $\alpha$ is to its bifurcation point. The closer this value is, the less noise generates large-amplitude fluctuations in the earthquake frequency.

Samya Sen

Let $X$ be a finite or infinite dimensional complex Banach space. We characterize the bounded weighted composition operators between the Bloch type space and the Hardy space on the unit ball of $X$, extending several known results for finite dimensional domains.

Viral infection in cell culture and tissue is modeled with delay reaction-diffusion equations. It is shown that progression of viral infection can be characterized by the viral replication number, time-dependent viral load and the speed of infection spreading. These three characteristics are determined through the original model parameters including the rates of cell infection and of virus production in the infected cells. The clinical manifestations of viral infection, depending on tissue damage, correlate with the speed of infection spreading, while the infectivity of a respiratory infection depends on the viral load in the upper respiratory tract. Parameter determination from the experiments on Delta and Omicron variants allows the estimation of the infection spreading speed and viral load. Different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 infection are compared confirming that Omicron is more infectious and has less severe symptoms than Delta variant. Within the same variant, spreading speed (symptoms) correlates with viral load allowing prognosis of disease progression.

Objective In the Netherlands, antenatal cardiotocography (aCTG) is performed in obstetrician-led care to assess fetal well-being. An innovation project was initiated to evaluate whether aCTG is feasible in non-obstetrician-led care settings. Healthy women received aCTG in midwife-led care if indicated for specific indications. Quality assessment is essential when shifting tasks and responsibilities. Therefore, we aimed to assess the interobserver and intraobserver agreement for aCTG assessments among four professional groups regarding the overall classification and the assessment of the various components of the CTG. Design Prospective study. Sample 47 Dutch primary care midwives, hospital-based midwives, residents, and obstetricians. Methods Ten aCTG traces were assessed twice at a one month interval on baseline heart frequency, accelerations, decelerations, variability and contractions, and overall classification. We used two sets of ten aCTG traces to ensure sufficient variation. Main Outcome Measure Proportion of agreement. Results The proportions of agreement for interobserver agreement on classification of aCTG among the professional groups varied from 0.82 to 0.94, indicating excellent agreement. The proportions of agreement for primary care midwives, hospital-based midwives and obstetricians were slightly higher for intraobserver (0.86 to 0.94) than for interobserver agreement. For various CTG components, the proportions of agreement for interobserver agreement varied from 0.64 (presence of contractions) to 0.98 (baseline heart frequency), indicating good to excellent agreement. Conclusion Excellent agreement for the overall classification and good to excellent agreement for the various components were found in the assessments of aCTG in healthy women, both between and within the different professional groups.

Objectives: To determine if race/ethnicity is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes following diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer. Design: Retrospective study Setting: We utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database for this study. Population: We studied women with a primary diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer in the SEER database between January 1998 and December 2018. Method: We utilized the nearest neighbor propensity-score matching without replacement in a 1:1 ratio to compare mortality and overall survival following primary ovarian cancer diagnosis between Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women and a control group of Non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. These women were matched for age, treatment modalities (surgery/irradiation/chemotherapy), laterality, and stage of cancer at presentation. Main Outcomes: The primary outcomes of interest were differences in mortality and survival (in months) among NHB and NHW women Results: We compared 6,801 NHB women with 27, 204 NHW women with primary ovarian cancer. Prior to propensity-score matching, NHB women had a higher mortality rate (56.7%vs.53.5%, p<0.001) and lower survival rate (40.1 vs. 48.9 months<0.001). Following propensity-score matching, there was no difference in the mortality rate between the two groups. (56.7% vs 55.7% p=0.13). However, NHB women had significantly lower survival rates (40.1vs.49.6 months, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Racial disparities in survival following treatment for ovarian cancer persist despite adjusting for age, stage of cancer, and treatment modalities. Further research is warranted to explore patient and systemic factors such as appropriate level of care and follow-up after treatment that might account for these differences.

Background Cell-free DNA, a suitable candidate biomarker forming an emerging field of non-invasive evaluation, has been detected for great clinical applications and increasingly used in obstetrics and gynecology. Objective To describe an intuitive global research trends of cfDNA related literature from a bibliometric perspective, and provide researchers with new research hotspots. Search strategy The literature form PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database related to cfDNA from January 1 2017 to December 31 2021 were extracted for co-word and VOSviewer analysis, respectively. Study criteria We selected studies where cfDNA was applied for obstetrics and gynecology, i.e., prenatal diagnosis, preimplantation diagnosis, next generation sequencing technology, mosaicism detection or adverse pregnancy outcomes. Data collection and analysis Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder, gCLUTO software and VOSviewer were used to perform bibliometrics analysis. Main results Themes in the third quadrant of strategy diagram, including cell-free nucleic acid sequence analysis for non-invasive prenatal testing and genetic testing, the application of cfDNA in the fields of neoplasms genetics and diagnosis are immature themes which are considered newly emerging themes of cfDNA. VOSviewer results showed the global research trends of cfDNA including authors, institutions, countries, journals and research hotspots. Conclusion By analyzing the research hotspots related to cfDNA, immature themes and emerging hotspots deserve more attention and can be considered as hints when launching new research projects. The five major research hotspots could provide an insight into cfDNA research and valuable information for researchers to identify potential collaborators and partner institutions.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in a cohort of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to investigate the association between elevated ALT and pregnancy outcomes. Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Cork University Maternity Hospital Population: Women attending the gestational diabetes outpatients’ department in CUMH. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. The participants were divided into 2 groups: those with ALTs within the ALT N range and those with elevated but with no other documented diagnosis of liver disease that may be a cause for their elevated ALT level. Primary and secondary measure outcomes: a) To quantify the number of participants with an elevated ALT and to compare them to a group of participants with normal ALT, b) To investigate if there is an association between elevated ALT and BMI and c) To compare the two groups in terms premature birth, macrosomia, induction of labour, operative delivery and neonatal ICU admission. Results: 24.7% of women with GDM had elevated ALT. 23.9% of the entire group had elevated ALT and no diagnosis of liver disease. When this group was compared to the group with ALT N, there was a statistically significant association between elevated ALT and both elevated BMI and premature delivery. Conclusions: In this cohort there is an association between GDM and increased ALT. There is also an association between elevated ALT and increased BMI and premature. These groups should be treated as high risk pregnancies.

Solitary angiokeratoma is reported to be distinguishable from intracorneal hemorrhage. Dermoscopy shows a whitish veil in solitary angiokeratoma and a homogeneous or globular lesion in intracorneal hemorrhage. However, we encountered a case of solitary angiokeratoma that was indistinguishable from intracorneal hemorrhage by dermoscopy. Dermatologists need to recognize this dermoscopic pitfall.

In this paper, we give an elementary counterexample to show that the global $L^3$ Schr\“{o}dinger maximal estimate \begin{align*} \big\Vert \sup_{0<{\vert t \vert}\leq 1} \vert e^{it\Delta}f \vert \big\Vert_{L^3(\mathbb{R}^2)} \leq C \Vert f \Vert_{H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^2)},\;\;\forall \,f\in H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^2) \end{align*} fails if $s< \frac{1}{3}$. The argument also adapts to the case of 2D fractional Schr\”{o}dinger operators, and does not rely on any facts from number theory.

Background. Children with a brain tumor are at risk of developing sleep problems. It remains unclear whether these problems arise at an early or later stage, and insights can facilitate timely interventions. The aim of this study is to examine sleep problems and contributing factors shortly after diagnosis. Methods. Children 6-16 years with a newly diagnosed (≤3 months) primary brain tumor were recruited for a prospective study. Sleep was measured using actigraphy and questionnaires (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and Sleep Related Impairment, self- and parent-reports). Prevalence of clinical sleep problems were established using PROMIS cut-off scores. Mean PROMIS scores, prevalence of sleep problems and actigraphic outcomes were compared to norms (t-test, chi-square, linear regression). Demographic and medical risk factors were explored with multivariable linear regression models. Results. Sixty-nine children (68% male, mean age 11.6±2.8 years, 53±28 days after diagnosis) participated. Parents reported more sleep disturbances (mean T=53.7, P<.01) compared to norms. Rates of self- and parent-reported severe sleep disturbances were elevated (11% versus 5% in norms, P<.04). Parents also reported higher rates of moderate sleep disturbance (31%) and sleep related impairment (42%) than norms (25%, P<.03). Actigraphic outcomes did not differ from norms. Only shorter time since diagnosis was identified as independent risk factor (self-reported sleep disturbances, B=-.11, 95%CI -0.19;-0.03). Conclusions. Sleep problems are more frequently reported by children and parents shortly after pediatric brain tumor diagnosis, compared to healthy controls. Attention for sleep around brain tumor diagnosis is important, as sleep is vital for recovery and health-related quality of life.