The direct Z-scheme provide a potential strategy for high efficient CO2 photoreduction, whereas the heterointerface contact resistance is significantly limited the interfacial electron transfer kinetic. Herein, we build the directional charge-transfer channels in a direct Z-scheme system over metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), that is the lattice-guided MOF-on-MOF hybrids, to facilitate CO2 photoreduction. The heteroepitaxial lattice growth along the c-axis of MIL-88B(Fe) via the high-activity (001) facet over the stable (111) facet of UiO-66-NH2. Theoretical calculations and experimental results provide the direct evidence that engineering direct Z-scheme of these MOFs hybrids can induce the electrons migration from UiO-66-NH2 to the holes of MIL-88B(Fe) by directional charge-transfer channels owing to their lattice match. This can dramatically boosts photocatalytic CO2-to-CO selectivity up to nearly 100%, with a rate of 2.26 μmol·g-1·h-1. This work demonstrates that the efficiently selective CO2 photoreduction processes can be achieved by engineering Z-scheme via lattice intergrown of MOF hybrids strategy.

In this work, a partial element stage cut electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) model for multiple H2-contaning gases separation and hydrogen compression which embed real factors (anode impurity diffusion, hydrogen back-diffusion and anode catalyst deactivation) was established to study EHP performance accurately under full hydrogen concentration. The accuracy and reliability of proposed model were verified from four aspects (current density distribution, polarization curve, hydrogen recovery and purity) under different feedstock systems and wide pressure range. The model has good applicability and accuracy (R^2≥0.96, simulation and experiment results comparison). Simulation results show that high hydrogen back-diffusion ratio can cause low energy efficiency under high cathode pressure and low feedstock hydrogen content. The variation law of hydrogen purity under multi-operating conditions was studied, which shows dual-effect (PEM and GDL resistance) can affect hydrogen purity prominently through current density under low feedstock hydrogen content and applied potential.

CO2 methanation is one of the vital reactions to utilize CO2 and realize power to gas process. To decrease the CO2 capture cost and alleviate the hot spots during the strong exothermic methanation reaction, here, we report a coupling of CO2 capture process with in situ CO2 methanation process through a ceramic-molten carbonate (MC) dual phase membrane reactor over the Ni-based catalyst. The performance of the membrane reactor was systematically investigated and compared with the traditional fixed-bed reactor. The results show that the performance of the membrane reactor is higher than that of the fixed-bed reactor, since the produced steam through the methanation process can be partially removed through the dual-phase membrane, which promotes the reaction shift to right side. A stability test shows no obvious degradation within 32 h. These results indicate that the membrane reactor is promising for coupling CO2 capture with in situ methanation process.

Edge computing is used to execute tasks submitted by various mobile applications. However, task offloading to the edge nodes iniatiated by the IoT nodes would cause insider-attack issues. Trust mechanism is an effective method to resist insider-attacks. A trust scheme usually needs a threshold to distinguish between normal nodes and malicious nodes. Unfortunately, how to reasonably determine the threshold of a trust scheme is still an open problem. In this paper, a novel trust scheme based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for edge computing is proposed to overcome this problem. First, the trust value of an edge node is calculated based on a trust factor matrix. Second, a difference function of classification model based on LDA is estanblished to to distinguish malicious nodes from normal nodes. Finally, the problem of maximizing the difference function is transformed into the problem of finding the optimal weight. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to integrate LDA to solve the problem of trust values’ classification. The simulation results show that our scheme can distinguish malicious nodes from normal nodes with an accuracy of more than 95%, which is much higher than other schemes.

Introduction Dentistry is the most profession affected by the globally COVID-19 pandemic. Future workplaces will be forced to follow a clinical protocol to avoid the emergence of new illnesses and spreading of the viruses. The patient’s oral secretions, contaminated materials, and dental unit surfaces may serve as possible sources of infection for the dentist, the assistant, and the patient during routine clinical practise. Saliva and blood droplets generated on surfaces, as well as aerosol inhalation from spinning machinery and ultrasound handpieces, offer a considerable danger to current and future occupants. To prevent infections, dental practitioners must use disinfectants and personal protective equipment (PPE). The rapid spread of Covid 19 has forced adjustments to preventative and restorative dental practises. In dentistry, COVID-19 preventive measures include telephone and clinical triage supported by a questionnaire on recent symptoms and movements, body temperature measurement, oral rinses with 1 percent hydrogen peroxide, and the use of appropriate PPEs (1).Dental Association of United States plan emergency recommendations incorporated in urgent dental care, which focuses on the management of conditions needing immediate attention to alleviate severe pain and/or infection risk. Urgent dental care focuses on disorders requiring minimally invasive treatment, including severe tooth pain due to pulpal inflammation, pericoronitis or third-molar discomfort, surgical post-operative osteitis, and dry socket dressing changes. Abscess or localized bacterial infection resulting in localized pain and edoema. Tooth fracture producing localized pain or soft tissue damage. Trauma to the teeth with avulsion/luxation (2).Telemedicine encourage delivery of health care services by using the communication technologies. The term of telemedicine is to improve health of patients in unaccessible areas .Teledentistry is a sub-group of telemedicine and is successfully used within the dental practice for teleconsultation, telediagnosis and delivery of oral care services . In Covid- 19 pandemic , teledentistry used an alternative method to deliver the continuation of dental health services .A systematic review concludedthat teledentistry was a valuable tool for oral screening similar to face-to-face consultations . Variable electronic devices were used to capture the intraoral soft and hard tissues such as smartphones, digital extraoral cameras, or intraoral cameras (3,4).Smartphones is a noval attractive way in telehealth services due to mobile connectivity, advancing digital photography technniques , storage and transfer data as well as low-cost, secure storage. The a smartphone camera could be used in dental photography which are useful for recording a baseline of oral health status preoperatively, to assess the diagnosis and preparing an appropriate treatment plan.Follow up evaluation by a speciality dentist from a distance(5).Mobile-health technology could used as adjunctive tool for emprovement careness of oral hygiene ,followup and increase awareness of health education .In covid 19 pandemic ,people are interested to have facilities of their health information in their smartphones. These apps have easy , simple performance and also provide simple information so further investigation are required in next steps(6,7).In oral health field, Dental caries is a common chronic disease of the childhood. some smartphones apps have used games to teach children many topics including carious tooth, healthy and carcinogenic diet. Dental caries in childhood can be associated withsevere pain and psychological problems, and may impose a high burden on the parents (8).Dental associations worldwide recommend the first dental visit and initiation of toothbrushing at 1 year of age. However, parents often neglect this visit. Dental health education via mobile apps can be a potential solution to enhance oral health knowledge of parents, particularly mothers, considering the popularity of mobile apps and their widespread use (9).Using social media (SM) is one of the most common people today’s activities. Websites which allow social interaction are considered SM platforms, allowing users to communicate, develop their creativity, increase their knowledge and getting health information. Health information through online may make the users feel more secure in expressing their primary concerns because their identities are masked and their privacy is guaranteed (10).Applications and services for telemedicine include email, two-way video, wireless tools, smart phones, and further communication technologies. Telemedicine involves group treatment, nurse contacts, teaching and training, televisits with community health experts, and medical image transfer. Telehealth, provides a larger range of distant healthcare services that are not often limited to the clinical context. These services, known as remote nonclinical services, consist of training, medical education, and administrative meetings. The two primary types of telemedicine are store-and-forward telemedicine and real-time telemedicine. Store-and-forward telemedicine does not need communication partners to concurrently transfer data. It is possible to gather, organise, and store data. Data are sent as often as possible to the desired destination for diagnosis or analysis. In addition to the patient’s information and medical history, images of skin lesions or electrocardiograms are sent to a physician in the linked area. Real-time telemedicine, like videoconferencing, needs simultaneous communication between the healthcare provider and the patient (11).Teledentistry’s limitations and constraints must be understood. The most prevalent technical concerns were Internet access and sound quality. All telemedicine mistakes may be categorised as technical, organizational, or severe. Universities and colleges must include telemedicine into their curricula and offer training for doctors. Telemedicine allows physicians to participate in continuing education programmes without leaving their existing roles. Teledentistry may thus be used to optimise and lower the cost of dental treatment. Additionally, teledentistry is often used during the anamnesis phase of patient evaluation(12).A significant barrier is the high cost of teledentistry for both governments and individuals. Teledentistry is a rapidly growing field with immense potential, but it is still in its infancy, and more emphasis must be placed on the distribution of funds and grants to conduct additional clinical research to provide more data and establish teledentistry’s role in the delivery of oral healthcare(13).Internet is the basis of modern teledentistry systems since it is current, rapid, and capable of delivering vast amounts of data. Recent teledentistry technology and remote consultation methods exist only on the Internet. Today, almost every dentist clinic is outfitted with intra-oral cameras, digital cameras, and Internet-connected computers, allowing for the rapid examination of teledental possibilities. Teledentistry is a novel part of patient care that is rapidly rising in popularity and significance. Practitioners who want to include teledentistry into their practises must educate themselves on the legal, technological, and ethical obstacles posed by this burgeoning field. Dentists are required to take initiative and adapt to the digital world. They must understand not only how the digital transformation of healthcare will affect their practises, but also how they and their patients may benefit from the expansion of teledentistry. Implementing teledentistry in professional dental education is a realistic and effective strategy for fostering teledental skills(14).Teledentistry is a rapidly growing field with immense potential, but it is still in its infancy, and more emphasis must be placed on the distribution of funds and grants to conduct additional clinical research to provide more data and establish teledentistry’s role in the delivery of oral healthcare.Inspite of  benefit from teledentistry and the variety of applications, there are still restrictions on the use of information technology. Digital photographs may be useful for recognizing obvious issues, but they have their limitations. Teledentistry requires the use of high-quality pictures, which are unavailable at all remote clinics and facilities. A significant barrier is the high cost of teledentistry for both governments and individuals(15).

We have developed an efficient method to assess the stability of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems and continuous-time nonlinear systems. It is based on the modulus of the spectral radius of a particular matrix transformation of the original system state matrix, in the case of LTI systems, or the Jacobian for nonlinear systems. The iterated Shanks transformation is applied to Gelfand’s formula to improve the computational speed for obtaining the aforementioned spectral radius. Advantageously, our stability criterion does not rely on the system’s characteristic equation. Furthermore, it obviates the need for calculating all the eigenvalues of the system. Several examples, including a fluidized bed reactor, a CSTR, and a hypothetical 20th-order system, are presented for illustration. A CPU-time analysis is provided, and it is demonstrated that our method is several orders of magnitude computationally faster than the classical Routh-Hurwitz stability test for systems with dimensions from two up to 80.

Because of very high potential barrier for thermionic emission and trap-assisted charge recombination, photocatalytic reaction rate that determined by semiconductor-cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer severely deviates from linearity to the photocatalyst dosage or to the light intensity. This makes it challenging to maximize utilization of practical irradiation by referring the parameters evaluated from method used in conventional catalysis. We here develop a model and predict that photocatalytic reaction rate positively correlates to photocatalyst concentration under weak illumination while the correlation becomes negative under intense irradiation. The theoretical simulation that matches the experimental values can be used to guide maximizing photocatalytic photon utilization under various intensity of irradiation. The strong correlation can rationalize photocatalytic evaluation instead of obtaining a numerically high value by excessively lowering the denominators. To realize efficient utilization of real-time changing sunlight, we propose a reactor configuration that can optimize the amount of photocatalyst participating into the reaction.

Nitrates from agricultural wastewater are harmful to human health and result in eutrophication. Several emerging electrochemical technologies have been developed independently to enable efficient recovery and recycling of nitrate waste; however, it remains unclear whether the implementation of such combined technologies can be economically viable. Herein, we perform a technoeconomic and global warming potential analysis on several hypothetical nitrate capture and conversion (NCC) systems for the recovery of nitrates from agricultural wastewater and conversion of nitrate to ammonia. The energy efficient technologies incorporated include: electrodialysis for nitrate separation, electrocatalysis for ambient ammonia production, and agrophotovoltaics as a clean energy source. Our technoeconomic analysis reveals that despite advancements in nitrate separation and conversion, capital investments for system installation cannot be recovered by the financial benefit of on-site fertilizer production. Our analysis highlights the necessity of government intervention to promote nitrate abatement technologies to ensure environmental compliance and protect public health.

  The purpose of many sciences is to find the most accurate mathematical formula that can be found in the experimental value of fine-structure constant. Attempts to find a mathematical basis for this dimensionless constant have continued up to the present time. However,no numerological explanation has ever been accepted by the physics community. In this paper we will present the exact expressions for the fine-structure constant. A simple and absolutely accurate expression for the fine-structure constant in terms of the Archimedes constant. The equivalent expressions for the fine-structure constant from the madelung constant. Also a exact expression for the fine-structure constant in terms of the golden angle,the relativity factor and the fifth power of the golden mean. Also other expressions for the fine-structure constant. Finally we will present the continued fractions for the fine-structure constant.

1. INTRODUCTION

Statins are a widely used class of drug, usually safe and well-tolerated. Their cutaneous side effects are exceedingly rare. We describe a case of photoexposed purpuric eruption mediated by rosuvastatin.

As primary drivers of underlying microbial changes, soil metals have been extensively studied in agroecosystems. However, while their contributions to forest soil microbial processes are crucial for maintaining tree biodiversity, they remain poorly understood. Based on the analysis of 1287 soil samples collected from a 20 ha forest plot, we show that seven metal elements (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Zn) shape microbial community structure and function by initially altering influential microbial taxa. Microbial α-diversity and community structure responded differently to these elements at low vs. high C:N ratios, pH, and water content. Moreover, these elements also affected microbial functional guilds (e.g., phosphorus and sulfur metabolism, ectomycorrhizae, plant pathogens, and wood saprotrophs) via sensitive microbial taxa. This study advances our capacity to predict belowground microbial processes by revealing the fundamental importance of metals in forest soils, with important implications for better conserving forest biodiversity under global climate change.

An important hypothesis for how plants respond to introduction to new ranges is the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA). EICA predicts that biogeographical release from natural enemies initiates a tradeoff in which exotic species in non-native ranges become larger and more competitive, but invest less in consumer defenses, relative to populations in native ranges. This tradeoff is exceptionally complex because detecting concomitant biogeographical shifts in competitive ability and consumer defense depend upon which traits are targeted, how competition is measured, the defense chemicals quantified, whether defense chemicals do more than defend, whether “herbivory” is artificial or natural, and where consumers fall on the generalist-specialist spectrum. Previous meta-analyses have successfully identified patterns but have yet to fully disentangle this complexity. We used meta-analysis to reevaluate traditional metrics used to test EICA theory and then expanded on these metrics by partitioning competitive effect and competitive tolerance measures and testing Leaf Specific Mass in detail as a response trait. Unlike previous syntheses, our meta-analyses detected evidence consistent with the classic tradeoff inherent to EICA. Plants from non-native ranges imposed greater competitive effects than plants from native ranges and were less quantitatively defended than plants from native ranges. Our results for defense were not based on complex leaf chemistry, but instead were estimated from tannins, toughness traits, and primarily Leaf Specific Mass. Species specificity occurred but did not influence the general patterns. As for all evidence for EICA-like tradeoffs, we do not know if the biogeographical differences we found were caused by tradeoffs per se, but they are consistent with predictions derived from the overarching hypothesis. Underestimating physical leaf structure may have contributed to two decades of tepid perspectives on the tradeoffs fundamental to EICA.

Please, find the published and peer-reviewed version of this paper here: 10.1038/s41559-023-01985-2

In the last decade new and more advanced microvascular imaging techniques have become available for use in clinical research. As it became more evident that microvascular dysfunction might prelude (cardio) vascular events, microvascular measurements have gained increasing interest for their applicability in the clinic and research. In this narrative review we aim to provide an updated oversight of microvascular measurement techniques. We have made an outline of the most common and latest techniques for microvascular cutaneous and retinal measurements and included the most frequently used challenges used together with these measurements. Furthermore this review includes an updated evaluation of the mechanistic background of microcirculatory dysfunction. Hereby this narrative literature review aims to assist with the identification of the most adequate microvascular imaging technique(s) for clinical application and research

The use of an additive technology production in an industrial application opens a new engineering opportunity for structural elements design. The new production technology allows a new design concept aimed to gain the weight save, decrease the number of joints in the mechanisms and other valuable benefits. However, it was reported that mechanical properties of a 3D printed materials are very sensitive to the external loading parameters. Nowadays the quasi-static mechanical properties of the materials obtained by selected laser melting (SLM) technology are close, or even superior the mechanical properties of traditional production technologies, while cyclic mechanical properties are still low. This paper introduces the VHCF properties of the SLM aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg and hot-rolled aluminum alloy D16T under axial VHCF loading. The fracture surfaces of both alloys were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study crack initiation mechanisms and early crack growth.

With the popularity of new energy electric vehicles, more and more EV charging stations have appeared in cities. In the face of the intermittent and random access of distributed power sources, it brings problems such as voltage fluctuation and network loss to the distribution network. This paper proposes a configuration method for multi-objective collaborative optimization of dis-tributed power generation under the premise that existing EV charging stations are connected to the distribution network. First, four typical wind-light operating scenarios and EV charging sta-tion working scenarios are constructed based on the K-means clustering algorithm. Secondly, based on the complementary evaluation mechanism to find the best ratio of wind and solar in-stallations, create multi-objective functions from the economic and technical aspects of distributed power planning, and establish the Pareto optimization evaluation mechanism. Finally, based on the IEEE-33 node example, the adaptive hybrid annealing particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the above model, and the Pareto optimal solution set is obtained to verify that the method pro-posed in this paper can reasonably plan the distributed power generation and improve the power quality of the distribution network.

The work of this paper is motivated by the recently published article \cite{zeidan2020mathematical} (Zeidan \et, “ Mathematical studies of the solution of burgers’ equations by adomian decomposition method”, M2AS, 2020) in which the authors have discussed the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) to solve 1 dimensional Burgers’ equation in viscous and inviscid forms. Here we propose an effective and better efficient semi-analytical method named variational iteration method (VIM) \cite{he1999variational} to solve all the Burgers’ equations considered in \cite{zeidan2020mathematical}. The novelty of the proposed scheme over ADM is proven by comparing the truncated series solutions of \cite{zeidan2020mathematical} and can be visualized from the graphs and error tables. In addition to this, we have extended the VIM to solve 2D and 3D Burgers’ equations and thanks to the scheme the closed form solutions are investigated in all the cases. The convergence analysis for 1D, 2D, and 3D Burgers’ equations are also included.

Background: The unreliability of reference intervals (RIs) for children’s blood cell analysis has led to an unnecessary effort in interpreting results. The Standard published in 2021 is expected to solve this problem in China but should be clinically evaluated before its application. Methods: Compared with the laboratory’s original RIs, the RIs’ numerical trends were mapped and analyzed, and the data of the past seven years were retrospectively re-interpreted. Pediatricians were then consulted to discuss the data analyses. Results: The new RIs were summarized as follows: 1) The age stratification is more detailed; 2) The venous blood and peripheral blood are characterized; 3) The numerical range was relatively more comprehensive, and some parameters were unilaterally shifted. Retrospective analysis showed that the revised RIs could correct previously abnormal results to the normal range in a large proportion. The recovery ratio of three lineage cells was white blood cells > red blood cells > platelets, and the ratio sorted by age is 28 days~1-year-old > 1~13years old > 13~18 years old. The leukocyte recovery ratio of 28 days~1 year was the largest, approximately 55% to 83%. Pediatricians recognized the value of the new RIs. The only exception is that the platelets’ RIs were too broad, recommending maintaining the original RI. The missing 0~28 days RIs were recommended to be supplemented with other reference books. Conclusions: The new RIs were optimized and, combined with clinical feedback, produced new RIs derived from accumulated experience, evolving a better set of RIs.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening disease. This case report describes a secondary chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in a nine-year-old male after treatment with a combination of etoposide (VP16), steroids and cyclosporin for HLH. VP16 can potentially induce leukemia, and single nucleotide polymorphisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of CML. We speculate that genetic backgrounds combined with chemotherapeutic drugs lead to secondary CML. This case report alerts physicians to the importance of genetic screening and the rare side effects of VP16 in children with HLH.

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute immune-mediated demyelinating disease. Typical features include progressive ascending lower extremity weakness and areflexia. Several variants have been described which can make the diagnosis challenging . Here, we report a case of GBS presenting with progressive lower limb weakness and T6 sensory level.

Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm is common vascular complications of angiographic procedures. Patients with uncomplicated pseudoaneurysms can be managed with ultrasound-guided techniques. However, for complicated pseudoaneurysms, surgical repair of the artery is mandatory. We report a case of successful repair of complicated pseudoaneurysm using access-site closure device, Perclose ProglideTM without surgical approach.

A document by Elias Tsakos. Click on the document to view its contents.

With continued global change, recovery of species listed under the Endangered Species Act is increasingly challenging. One rare success was the recovery and delisting of the Channel Island fox (Urocyon littoralis) after 90-99% population declines in the 1990s. While their demographic recovery was dramatic, less is known about their genetic recovery. To address genetic changes we conducted the first multi-individual and population-level direct genetic comparison of samples collected before and after the recent bottlenecks. Using whole exome sequencing, we found that already genetically depauperate populations were further degraded by the 1990s declines and remain low, particularly on San Miguel Island which underwent one of the most severe bottlenecks. The three other islands that experienced recent bottlenecks (Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, and Santa Catalina islands) showed mixed results based on multiple metrics of genetic diversity. Previous island fox genomics studies showed low genetic diversity before the declines and no change after the demographic recovery, thus this is the first study to show a decrease in genetic diversity over time in U. littoralis. Additionally, we found that divergence between populations consistently increased over time, complicating prospects for using inter-island translocation as a conservation tool. The Santa Catalina subspecies is now federally listed as threatened, yet other de-listed subspecies are still recovering genetic variation which may limit their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. This study further demonstrates that species conservation is more complex than population size and that some island fox populations are not yet “out of the woods”.