A patient was referred to the oral medicine department with symptoms of redness and swelling of the lips and cheek, and intra-oral lesion. Biopsy was taken and laboratory factors were higher than normal, suggesting diagnosis of sarcoidosis. In this study we analyze the oral findings associated with sarcoidosis.

There is little knowledge about the link between the fungal community and soil nutrient availability in the conversion of alkaline grasslands from abandoned farmland to grassland in northeastern China. In this paper, the diversity, composition, and function of fungi, as well as basic soil properties and inorganic phosphorus fractions, were investigated under land-use conversion from maize cropland to alfalfa (AG), Lyemus chinensis (LG), and restored grasslands (RG). The results show that the relationships between Olsen-P and the Pi fractions of Ca 8-P, Fe-P, Ca 2-P, and Ca 10-P were close. Significantly elevated available phosphorus (Olsen-P) and available nitrogen (AN) values were found in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, respectively, in the AG treatment, relative to LG and RG treatments ( P < 0.05). The O-P content at 0-10 cm and Al-P content at 10-20 cm in the RG treatment were the highest. The RG treatment increased the Shannon index of fungi and the abundances of Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota, and Mortierella, while decreasing the abundance of Cladosporium. The RG treatment greatly reduced plant pathogens and enhanced mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal growth. Olsen-P and AN were both positively correlated with plant pathogen abundance ( P < 0.01). Mycorrhizal fungi had negative effects on Ca 8-P, Fe-P, Olsen-P, and AN ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, land-use conversion from maize cropland to restored grassland could reduce the abundance of some plant pathogens and enhance useful fungi by decreasing the availability of P and N.

Although sigmoidal diverticulitis is a prevalent medical-surgical condition, the clinician may be misled in his or her diagnosis due to the plethora of findings. We describe through this clinical case an isolated retropneumoperitoneum secondary to a sigmoiditis by detailing the reasoning behind our approach.

We reported a case of a huge ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of a 47-year-old woman in Democratic Republic of the Congo. This case report accentuates the importance of an early consultation in a qualified health care for the women who presented an abdominal incomfort or distension.

Terminal 11q deletion syndrome, also known as Jacobsen syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder. Children with Jacobsen syndrome have multiple risk factors for recurrent pneumonia. This is a case of recurrent pneumonia in a child with Jacobsen syndrome secondary to common variable immune deficiency.

L-Scrum-ban-fall: A new Agile Framework to Overcome the Challenges in Software Engineering ManagementAbstract: The IT industry has been on a sharp rise and various innovations are being made daily. Such advancements are directly proportional to their optimization in terms of cost, efficiency, reliability, risk management, customer satisfaction and scalability. We need to have mature and defined standards to measure them. Currently there are various software development methodologies including agile methodologies and traditional methodologies ,these methodologies cannot solve the problems of change management , risk management and it leads to a higher failure rate of software projects. Problem Statement: to overcome the challenges of change management , risk management and high failure rate in software projects we need to develop a hybrid framework using the strong points of scrum ,Kanban and waterfall methodologies. Proposed solution: In this paper, we are proposing a framework named as in which we have combined the different Agile frameworks and traditional methodologies to address the issues of change management, risk management and all those issues related with Lean Scrum , Kanban and Waterfall stand alone. will enhance the quality and development time of the software . A survey has also been conducted using Google form to facilitate our proposed framework. The paper also highlights the limitations of which creates room for further research. Ensuring consistency of design is highly essential to developing quality software and solves a major design issue for practitioners. In addition, our approach helps to reduce the time and cost of developing software.Keywords: Scrum-ban; Waterfall; Agile Methodology; Software Development MethodologiesIntroductionFor a year, Agile software development (ASD) and Waterfall technique have been in the software industries. Agile has a dynamic behavior for requirements change and customer satisfaction rate is high. Quality products can be delivered to customer according to their demands [1], which in turn lead to achieving the aim of software industry. According to online search detail, there are about 42 basic methodologies of Agile Software Development (ASD). On other hand, Software Development Lifecycle(SDLC) is a mature and basic software development life cycle, and it has its methodologies. In this research, we are going to integrate the basic methodologies of Agile and SDLC along with risk management techniques as discussed in [2] to create a new framework that overcomes the challenges faced by the methodologies. There are some effective methods of Agile in the field of software development i.e., Kanban, Lean, Scrum and Scrum-ban-fall [3]. The focus of delivering the right product at the right time is greatly achieved by the Scrum methodology. The most trusted framework of Agile is Scrum because of its features of iterative and incremental model [3-4]. Lean is an agile framework that consists of some principles, its aim as illustrated by Laura et al. [5]: is to ”eliminate unnecessary activities and maximize the value of the customer, defer commitment, create knowledge, fast quality deliver, optimize the whole, and respect people”. A Lean proposed new tool that supports its ultimate goal by removing all the wastes and focus on value maximization, which is called Kanban [6]. Kanban monitors the workflow by viewing the work, on board, and lead to deliver the product faster [7]. It works in the form of user stories on the Kanban board from start to end which saves time. Some key differences between Scrum and Kanban are shown in Table 1.Table 1 . Differences between scrum / Kanban

A 78-year-old woman underwent surgical intervention for severe atrial functional mitral regurgitation and left ventricular apical aneurysm secondary to apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can cause atrial fibrillation and atrial functional mitral regurgitation. Left ventricular apical aneurysms can cause fatal arrhythmias, which may require surgical intervention.

Background. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with an increased susceptibility to respiratory infections that cause progressive decline in lung function and lead to lung damage and chronic respiratory failure. To analyze the CF-related mortality trends in the Mexican population during a 22-year period.  We conducted a mortality trend analysis using death certificates data. Trends in CF-specific and in age-specific mortality rates were evaluated using Joinpoint regression analysis. Among subjects ≤40 years, 1184 CF-related deaths were identified. In 1999–2009 median age at death was 7 years compared to 10 years in 2010–2020. Overall mortality rate increased from 0.03 per 100,000 in 1999 to 0.06 per 100,000 in 2020. A decline in mortality rate for patients ≤28 days and an increase in mortality rate in older age groups was observed. Conclusion. The increasing trend in overall mortality, associated with a downward trend in neonatal mortality and an increase in median age at death is conceivably due to enhanced diagnosis, as well as major advances in treatment modalities, leading to higher survival rates. Key words: age at death, cystic fibrosis, epidemiology, low- and middle-income countries, mortality, survival rate.

Differences in gut microbiome composition are linked with health, disease and ultimately host fitness; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying that relationship are not well characterized. Here, we modified the fish gut microbiota using antibiotic and probiotic feed treatments to address the effect of host microbiome on gene expression patterns. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) gut gene expression was evaluated using whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) on hindgut mucosa samples from individuals treated with antibiotic, probiotic and control diets to determine differentially expressed (DE) host genes. Fifty DE host genes were selected for further characterization using nanofluidic qPCR chips. We used 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding to characterize the rearing water and host gut microbiome bacterial communities. Daily administration of antibiotics and probiotics resulted in significant changes in fish gut and aquatic microbiota as well as more than 100 DE genes in the antibiotic and probiotic treatment fish, relative to healthy controls. Normal microbiota depletion by antibiotics mostly led to downregulation of different aspects of immunity and upregulation of apoptotic process. In the probiotic treatment, genes related to post-translation modification and inflammatory responses were up-regulated relative to controls. Our qPCR results revealed significant effects of treatment (antibiotic and probiotic) on rabep2, aifm3, manf, prmt3 gene transcription. Moreover, we found significant associations between members of Lactobacillaceae and Aeromonadaceae with host gene expression patterns. Overall, our analysis showed that the microbiota had significant impacts on many host signaling pathways, specifically targeting immune, developmental, and metabolic processes. Our characterization of some of the molecular mechanisms involved in microbiome-host interactions will help develop new strategies for preventing/ treating microbiome disruption-related diseases.

Background: Infants born between 28 to 32 weeks of gestation require assisted ventilation or oxygen support due to respiratory distress syndrome. Neurophysiological facilitation (NPF) is the use of selective external proprioceptive and tactile stimuli. It further normalizes the rate & depth of breathing by influencing the length-tension relationship of muscles. NPF has shown improvement in ventilation capacity & oxygen saturation level among adult ventilated patients. Biomechanical understanding of the preterm infant’s ribcage musculature was a prerequisite for administering the NPF technique in this case report. Case Presentation: We report a case of 29-week preterm infant with respiratory distress syndrome who received NPF techniques. Outcome measure: modified Downes Score, Silverman Anderson Score, and vitals such as oxygen saturation and respiratory rate. It was found that administration of NPF intervention to the infant lead to the reduction of chest retractions, an increase in the oxygen saturation level, and a faster trend of early weaning off the ventilator. The infant was completely off from Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and was on room air by day 14 of life. Conclusion: Techniques like NPF might promote better respiratory function in a preterm infant with respiratory distress.

Landscape heterogeneity and the reconfiguration of host plant distributions as a consequence of Quaternary climate oscillations are suggested to play a determinant role in shaping the evolutionary history of herbivorous insects. The cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum, is a southern South American phytophagous insect specialized in the use of cacti as feeding and breeding resources. It can be found across broad latitudinal and longitudinal gradients feeding on diverse native Opuntia species as well as the exotic and cultivated species Opuntia ficus-indica. Using high-throughput sequence data for the nuclear genome and mitochondrial DNA sequencing, we investigated patterns of genomic variation of C. cactorum across its native distribution. We integrated a demographic modeling approach for inferring gene flow and divergence times between C. cactorum populations, within a landscape genomic framework, to test alternative spatially-explicit hypotheses of past and current population connectivity based on climatically suitable areas for the focal species and distributions of host plants. Regions currently exhibiting high genomic diversity were evaluated for congruence with areas where suitable climatic conditions remained stable from the last glacial maximum to the present. Results revealed significant population structure across the range of C. cactorum, that can be explained by the spatial configuration of persistently suitable environmental conditions and host plant ranges during interglacial and glacial periods. Moreover, genomic data supported a hypothesis of long-term habitat stability in the northern regions of the distribution that served as a refuge for C. cactorum, enabling the accumulation and maintenance of high levels of genetic diversity over time.

Foraging behaviours encompass strategies to locate resources and to exploit them. In many taxa these behaviours are controlled by a major gene called for, but mechanisms vary between species. In the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens, sexual and asexual populations coexist in sympatry but differ in their foraging behaviours. Here we explored the molecular bases underpinning this divergence in foraging behaviours by testing two mutually non-exclusive hypotheses: firstly the divergence in the for gene results in difference in foraging strategies, and second this latter is due to a divergence in whole-genome expression. Using comparative genomics, we showed that the for gene was conserved across insects considering both sequence as well as gene model complexity. Polymorphism analysis did not support the occurrence of two allelic variants diverging across the two populations, yet asexual population exhibited less polymorphism compared to the sexual one. Sexual and asexual transcriptomes sharply split up, with 10.9% of differentially expressed genes, but these were not enriched in behavioural related genes. We showed that the for gene was more expressed in asexual female heads than in sexual ones, and that asexuals were the ones that explored more the environment and exploited more host patches. Overall, these results suggested that a fine tuning in the for gene expression between populations may have led to distinct foraging behaviours. We hypothesized that reproductive polymorphism and coexistence in sympatry of sexual and asexual populations specialized to different ecological niches via divergent optima on phenotypic traits, could imply adaptation through different expression patterns of the for gene and at many other loci throughout the genome.

An individual’s size in early stages of life may be an important source of individual variation in lifetime reproductive performance, as size effects on ontogenetic development can have cascading physiological and behavioral consequences throughout life. Here, we explored how natal size influences subsequent reproductive performance in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) using repeated encounter and reproductive data on a marked sample of 363 females that were measured for length at ~4 weeks of age and eventually recruited to the Sable Island breeding colony. Two reproductive traits were considered: provisioning performance (mass of weaned offspring), modeled using linear mixed effects models; and reproductive frequency (rate at which a female returns to breed), modeled using mixed-effects multistate mark-recapture models. Mothers with the longest natal lengths produced pups 8 kg heavier and were 20% more likely to breed in a given year than mothers with the shortest lengths. Correlation in body lengths between natal and adult life stages, however, is weak: longer pups do not grow to be longer than average adults. Thus covariation between natal length and future reproductive performance appears to be a carry-over effect, where the size advantages afforded in early juvenile stages may allow enhanced long-term performance in adulthood.

Conformational analysis of psilocin, a psychedelic molecule revealed two stable conformers designated as conformer-A and B which were 4.97 kcal/mol apart in energy among many other high energy conformers. AIM analysis revealed that the conformer-A (global minimum) is stable due to intramolecular H-bond formation between ethyl amine nitrogen and indolic hydroxyl group. This is in contradiction to earlier X-ray crystal studies of this molecule reported in literature. Dimers of both conformer-A and B were studied utilizing DFT method and it was observed that even in the dimer of conformer-A the intramolecular H-bond energy dominates over the intermolecular H-bond. Other calculations namely NBO, FMO, charge analysis, ESP mapping corroborated the AIM results in a significant manner. The spectroscopic study including UV, 1H-NMR and vibrational modes calculation were found to be in good agreement with the data reported in literature.

In this paper we consider the following fractional $(p,q)$-Laplacian equation $$ (-\Delta)_{p}^{s} u+(-\Delta)_{q}^{s} u+V(x)\left(|u|^{p-2} u+|u|^{q-2} u\right)=\lambda f(u)+|u|^{q^*_s-2}u \quad \text { in } \mathbb{R}^{N}, $$ where $s \in(0,1), \lambda>0, 2

This paper investigates the problem of stability and stabilization for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with adaptive event-triggered scheme (AETS) based on sampled-data control. AETS is used to relieve network congestion and save bandwidth resources. A novel Lyapunov–Krosovskii functional (LKF) is proposed by introducing the available information of fuzzy membership functions (FMFs) and sampling instant. The FMFs approach, extended reciprocal convex inequality technique and some slack matrices are fully utilized to deal with the derivative of the LKF. Then, an improved criterion with less conservatism is obtained to guarantee the stability of T-S fuzzy system. Moreover, the standard conditions are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities by the matrix decoupling technique. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method can be demonstrated through a numerical simulation.

This paper presents the scaling memoryless Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) method for solving a system of nonlinear convex constrained monotone equations. The optimal value of the scaling parameter is obtained by minimizing the condition number. A derivative-free memoryless BFGS projection-based algorithm is proposed. The global convergence of the algorithm is obtained analytically and some test problems are solved numerically. The computed results are compared with the available results in the literature. It is observed that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of CPU time, number of iterations and function evaluations. Furthermore, the proposed method is successfully applied to robot manipulator motion control.

Fine particles cause great harm to the environment and human body. High gravity wet dust removal is a new type of high-efficiency dust removal technology with the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, low economic cost, convenient operation and maintenance. In this paper, apilot-scale experimental system was set up to explore the purification capacity of high gravity wet dust removal technology for low concentration fine particles. The obtained results suggested that under the operating conditions of inlet dust concentration of 50 mg/m3, high gravity factor of 138.36, gas velocity of 1.71 m/s and liquid spray density of 4.8 m3/(m2·h), the dust removal efficiency was as high as 99.46%. The cut-off particle size of high gravity cross-flow rotating packed bed was 0.09 μm, and the removal efficiency of fine particles with particle size above 0.2 μm was more than 95%.

The rate of KCl recovery by froth flotation using low-grade carnallite is 70–85%. Herein, a novel frother, dipropylene glycol butyl ether (DPNB), was prepared to increase the flotation efficiency of KCl recovery systems. DPNB could be applied at only half the dosage of the conventional frother methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) and achieve a KCl recovery rate of 94.8–98.6% with a high KCl grade (63.2–66.5%). To date, these results are the best reported for pneumatic flotation. DPNB had a 10% higher maximum dynamic stability factor compared with of MIBC; moreover, the apparent entrainment velocity of DPNB was half that of MIBC. The molecular structure of DPNB had hydroxyl and ether groups, which promoted interactions with water, thereby contributing to its excellent froth stability. DPNB is environment friendly owing to its low volatility and, thus, a promising frother for the green and highly efficient flotation of KCl/NaCl.

Host-gut microbiota interactions are complex and can have a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of both counterparts. Several host traits such as systematics, diet and social behavior, and external factors such as prey availability and local environment are known to influence the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota. In this study, we investigate the influence of systematics, sex, host size, and locality/habitat on gut microbiota diversity in five lizard species from two different sites in Portugal: Podarcis bocagei and Podarcis lusitanicus, living in syntopy in a rural area in northern Portugal (Moledo); the invasive Podarcis siculus and the native Podarcis virescens, living in sympatry in urbanized environment (Lisbon); and the invasive Teira dugesii also living in an urban area (Lisbon). We also infer the potential microbial transmission occurring between species living in sympatry and syntopy. To accomplish these goals, we use a metabarcoding approach to characterize the bacterial communities from the cloaca of lizards, sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA. Habitat/locality was an important factor explaining differences in gut bacterial composition and structure, with species from urbanized environments having higher bacterial diversity. Host systematics (i.e. species) influenced gut bacterial community structure only in lizards from the urbanized environment. We also detected a significant positive correlation between lizard size and gut bacterial alpha-diversity in the invasive species P. siculus, which could be due to its higher exploratory behavior. Moreover, estimates of bacterial transmission indicate that P. siculus may have acquired a high proportion of local microbiota after its introduction. These findings confirm that a diverse array of host and environmental factors can influence lizards gut microbiota.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with a propensity for distant metastasis, but para-aortic metastasis is a rare occurrence. We report a case of Ca lung ascending to paraaortic regionnsfter resection and pulmonary artery plasty. The patient received adjuvant radiotherapy and further follow-up was doing well.

Ecosystems of multiple blockchains are now a reality. Multi-chain applications and protocols are perceived as necessary to enable scalability, privacy, and composability. Despite being a promising emerging area, we have been witnessing devastating attacks on cross-chain bridges that have caused billions of dollars in losses, and no apparent solution seems to emerge from the ongoing chaos. In this paper, we present our contribution to minimizing bridge attacks, by monitoring a cross-chain model. In particular, we aggregate cross-chain events into cross-chain transactions, and verify if they follow a set of cross-chain rules, which then generate a model. We propose Hephaestus, the first cross-chain model generator that captures the operational complexity of cross-chain applications. Hephaestus can generate cross-chain models from local transactions in different ledgers, realizing arbitrary cross-chain use cases and allowing operators to monitor their applications. Monitoring helps identify outliers and malicious behavior, which can enable programmatically stopping attacks (“a circuit breaker”), including bridge hacks. We conduct a detailed evaluation of our system, where we implement a cross-chain bridge use case. Our experimental results show that Hephaestus can process 600 cross-chain transactions in less than 5.5 seconds in an environment with two blockchains using sublinear storage, paving the way for more resilient bridge designs.

Bayesian space-time regression models are helpful tools to describe and predict the number and distribution of infectious disease outbreaks, identify risk factors, and delineate high-risk areas for disease prevention or control. In these models, structured and unstructured spatial and temporal effects account for various forms of non-independence amongst case counts reported across spatial units. For example, structured spatial effects are used to capture correlations in case counts amongst neighboring provinces that may stem from shared risk factors or population connectivity. For highly mobile populations, spatial adjacency is an imperfect measure of population connectivity due to frequent long-distance movements. In many instances, we lack data on host movement and population connectivity, hindering the application of space-time risk models that inform disease control efforts. Phylogeographic models that infer routes of viral dissemination across a region could serve as a proxy for historical patterns of population connectivity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the effects of population connectivity in space-time regressions of case counts were better captured by spatial adjacency or by inferences from phylogeographic analyses. To compare these two approaches, we used foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in Vietnam as an example. We explored whether the distribution of reported clinical FMD outbreaks across space and time was better explained by models that incorporate population connectivity based upon FMDV movement (inferred by discrete phylogeographic analysis) as opposed to spatial adjacency and showed that the best-fit model utilized phylogeographic-based connectivity. Therefore, accounting for virus movement through phylogeographic analysis serves as a superior proxy for population connectivity in spatial-temporal risk models when movement data are not available. This approach may contribute to the design of surveillance and control activities in countries in which movement data are lacking or insufficient.

We prove the non-Archimedean (resp. p-adic) Banach space version of non-Archimedean (resp. p-adic) Welch bounds recently obtained by M. Krishna. More precisely, we prove following results.