Diapause, a form of dormancy to delay or halt the reproductive development during unfavourable seasons, has evolved in many insect species. One example is aestivation, a summer adult-stage diapause, enhancing malaria vectors’ survival during the unfavourable dry season (DS) and their re-establishment in the next rainy season (RS). This work develops a novel genetic approach to estimate the number or proportion of individuals undergoing diapause, as well as the breeding sizes of the two seasons, using signals from temporal allele frequency dynamics. Using Anopheles coluzzii as an example, our modelling shows the magnitude of drift is dampened at early RS when previously aestivating individuals reappear. Aestivation severely biases the temporal effective population size (N_e), leading to overestimation of the DS breeding size by 1/(1-α)^2 across one year, where α is the aestivating proportion. We find sampling breeding individuals in three consecutive seasons starting from a RS is sufficient for parameter estimation, and perform extensive simulations to verify our derivations. This method does not require sampling individuals in the dormant state, the biggest challenge in most studies. We apply the method to a published An. coluzzii dataset from Thierola, Mali, and the estimated aestivating proportions were 39%-79%. These results will inform the development of genetic approaches to vector control. Beyond mosquitoes, our method and the expected evolutionary implications are applicable to any species in which a fraction of the population diapauses for more than one generation, and are difficult or impossible to sample during that stage.

Integrating hydrogeomorphological principles into the restoration of degraded rivers can achieve sustainable results for a variety of objectives and human benefits that are consistent with the potential functioning of rivers as well as their uses. Despite recent management approaches inspired by these principles, several restoration projects largely involve controlling river processes and target specific one-dimensional objectives often associated with the habitat of a few high-valued fish species or with rivers steadiness and aesthetics. Although there is overall a lack of post-project monitoring, several projects appear to have failed or had mixed success. This research aims to answer the question: What are the real drivers behind river restoration projects? Four restoration projects in Quebec (Canada) were characterized through a qualitative research process of support and interviews with the organizations running them as well as with two representatives of ministries involved in river restoration and management. The results identify two major drivers for the formulation of restoration objectives: project funding and stakeholder expertise. We propose a new analytical framework including these drivers, which appear to act as both conditions and motivations guiding the objectives of the projects and their diversity. Following diverse sociocultural and legislative contexts shaping these drivers, they may facilitate or restrict the integration of hydrogeomorphological principles towards diversified objectives and benefits. This supports regulation that is better informed by scientific knowledge about hydrogeomorphological and sociocultural river dynamics, knowledge sharing between academic researchers and environmental organizations, and collaboration between stakeholders and communities living around rivers.

To provide more suggestions for the anti-fatigue design of cold-formed steel, a series of high-cycle fatigue tests are carried out on cold-rolled steel sheets connected by self-tapping screws and blind rivets in this paper. Subsequently, fatigue failure mode, fatigue strength, and fatigue damage are analyzed in detail. The test results show that all the effective data points are below the S- N curve of screws in the code. Meanwhile, the fatigue limit of the fitted curves with 95% survival probability is between 0.3 and 0.67 times the specification. Besides, the fatigue damage expansion rate of cold-rolled steel sheets is less than the standard value. Through further discussion, it is noticed that base metal grade has little influence on the fatigue performance, and thickness has a significantly positive influence on the shear resistance and fatigue performance. Moreover, the fatigue performance of the two types of connections is similar.

Integrated hydrologic models can simulate coupled surface and subsurface processes but are computationally expensive to run at high resolutions over large domains. Here we develop a novel deep learning model to emulate continental-scale subsurface flows simulated by the integrated ParFlow-CLM model. We compare convolutional neural networks like ResNet and UNet run autoregressively against our novel architecture called the Forced SpatioTemporal RNN (FSTR). The FSTR model incorporates separate encoding of initial conditions, static parameters, and meteorological forcings, which are fused in a recurrent loop to produce spatiotemporal predictions of groundwater. We evaluate the model architectures on their ability to reproduce 4D pressure heads, water table depths, and surface soil moisture over the contiguous US at 1km resolution and daily time steps over the course of a full water year. The FSTR model shows superior performance to the baseline models, producing stable simulations that capture both seasonal and event-scale dynamics across a wide array of hydroclimatic regimes. The emulators provide over 1000x speedup compared to the original physical model, which will enable new capabilities like uncertainty quantification and data assimilation for integrated hydrologic modeling that were not previously possible. Our results demonstrate the promise of using specialized deep learning architectures like FSTR for emulating complex process-based models without sacrificing fidelity.

On 9 October 2023 (JST), mysterious tsunamis with a maximum wave height of 60 cm were observed in Izu Islands and southwestern Japan, although only seismic events of body-wave magnitudes mb 4–5 have been documented in the southwest of Torishima Island. To investigate the source process, we analyze tsunami waveforms recorded by an array network of ocean-bottom pressure gauges. A stacked waveform of 16 records suggests recurrent arrivals of multiple wave trains. Deconvolution of the stacked waveform by a tsunami waveform from the first event revealed over 10 source events that intermittently generated tsunamis for ~1.5 hours. The temporal history of this sequence corresponds to the origin times of T-phases estimated by an ocean-bottom seismometer, and the mb 4–5 seismic swarm, implying a common origin. Larger events later in the sequence occurred at intervals comparable to the tsunami wave period, causing amplification of later phases of the tsunami waves.

Fish stranding in rivers, due to rapid shoreline dewatering, often occurs during the down-ramping phases of hydropeaks enabling peak energy production. Multiple hydrological characteristics of hydropeaking and river morphology influence stranding, but little is known about their relative effects. The goal of our study is to identify how the combination of hydropeaking characteristics and the occurrence of morphological microstructure (e.g., puddles, scour pools) influence fish stranding. For this purpose, we used an extensive dataset of fish stranding observations collected over 3 years in spring at 48 stations along a 50 km-long river reach. We aimed (1) to characterize stranding events and their associated fish assemblages, and (2) to identify the spatial and temporal determinants of stranding. We found that the occurrence of morphological microstructures of the riverbed was the main factor explaining fish stranding. Scour pools are the most impacting microstructures, followed by scour puddles, humid zones, and alluvial puddles. Then, hydropeaking characteristics interact with morphology and modulate the intensity of stranding. Low flow ranges (low peak flow, low base flow) occurring after periods without hydropeaks induce particular “salmonid” and “super-stranding” events and other flow ranges induce regular stranding events. Salmonids are particularly subject to stranding at the beginning of the sampling period. Recommendations that emerged are (1) to act in priority on stations where stranding is most likely, by morphological operations or by installing attractive structures in the perennial area, and (2) to maintain attractive, perennial habitats in the low flow range of hydropeaks.

The skin barrier is vital for protection against environmental threats including insults caused by skin-resident microbes. Dysregulation of this barrier is a hallmark of atopic dermatitis (AD) and ichthyosis, with variable consequences for host immune control of colonizing commensals and opportunistic pathogens. While Malassezia is the most abundant commensal fungus of the skin, little is known about the host control of this fungus in inflammatory skin diseases. Here we show that in barrier-impaired skin, Malassezia acquires enhanced fitness and overt growth properties. By using four distinct and complementary murine models of atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis we provide evidence that structural and metabolic changes in the dysfunctional epidermal barrier environment provide increased accessibility and an altered lipid profile, to which the lipid-dependent yeast adapts for enhanced nutrient assimilation. These findings reveal fundamental insights into the implication of the mycobiota in the pathogenesis of common skin barrier disorders.

Flexible substrates are essential for flexible sensors, providing support and flexibility while impacting sensor stability. Inspired by the nacre microstructure, a novel flexible substrate was developed in this study called PPSN (paper/PDMS/Si3N4 nanoparticles) substrate. Comprising three materials that mimic the functions of “bricks,” “mortar,” and “proteins” in the nacre structure, PPSN offers the advantages such as cost-effectiveness, high temperature resistance, deformation resistance, and stable thermomechanical properties. Experimental results demonstrate that PPSN effectively overcomes the limitations of paper and PDMS, providing efficient interface coupling and fatigue durability, withstanding over 10,000 bending cycles. Additionally, the increased surface area facilitates material printing. Analyzing the impact of varying Si3N4 content on substrate performance reveals that 1.0 wt% Si3N4 content yields the optimal elastic modulus, while at 3.0 wt% Si3N4 content, hydrophobicity reaches its maximum. Moreover, the evaluation of thermal performance indicates that, despite transient thermal decomposition, PPSN substrate remains stable even at high temperatures. This is attributed to interactions between materials, interfacial bridging, and heterogeneous arrangement, ensuring the stability of both mechanical and thermal properties. Most importantly, this study introduces innovative possibilities for low-cost biomimetic processes and improved flexible substrate performance, offering significant scientific and practical value.

Background: Clinical manifestations of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) vary widely, making it challenging to diagnose. Differential diagnosis is crucial in patients with right ventricular (RV) pressure overload and dyspnea. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), although not the gold standard for PE diagnosis, is a valuable tool in differentiating PE in patients with dyspnea, such as pulmonary hypertension (PH), in real-world practice. Methods and Result: Between 2012 and 2019, 269 patients were enrolled based on specific criteria: 1) pulmonary artery systolic pressure >40 mmHg by TTE, 2) PE confirmed by chest contrast CT, and 3) TTE and CT conducted within a 72-hour interval. The study population was categorized into two groups: PE (n=149) and Non-PE (n=120). In the mitral inflow Doppler parameters, the PE group exhibited significantly lower mitral E velocity. The cutoff value of mitral E velocity (AUC 0.865, 95% CI 0.81-0.92, p<0.001) for diagnosing PE was 0.735 m/s (sensitivity 0.700, specificity 0.839, positive predictive value 77.36%, negative predictive value 76.36%). Conclusion: This study suggests that mitral E velocity is an independent predictor for diagnosing PE. The cutoff value of mitral E velocity is a practical tool for ruling out PE in patients with PH in real-world practice.

Background: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) imaging by echocardiography is an objective, well validated and cost-effective modality for detecting subtle left ventricular function abnormalities. Aim: We assessed the prevalence of subtle myocardial dysfunction among patients clinically recovered from COVID-19 using echocardiographic strain imaging. Results: Amongst 101 post COVID-19 patients (76% males, mean age 55.45±11.14 years), prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia was comparable to 30 controls. The average GLS was significantly lesser in post COVID patients (-16.21 ± 1.96 vs -18.49 ± 1.64, p = 0.004) and significantly higher proportion of post COVID patients had GLS > -18% (43% vs 22.58%, p =0.001) as compared to controls. The RV free wall longitudinal strain (RVFLS) was also lower in the patient group (22.35 ± 4.69 vs 24.19 ± 4.11, p =0.004) and 21.7% post COVID-19 patients had impaired RV FWLS (> -20%) vs controls (6.6%). Average GLS was significantly lesser in severe post COVID patients (viz -14.25 ± 1.92 vs -16.63 ± 1.61 vs -17.63 ± 1.91, p < 0.0001, respectively among severe, moderate and mild COVID-19 patients. On performing regression analysis, severity of COVID-19 (OR 7.762) was a significant predictor of impaired GLS. Conclusion: Despite clinical recovery and normal LVEF, post COVID-19 patients had significantly lower LV GLS and RV FWLS. Those with severe COVID-19 infection, had worse LV GLS and RV FWLS as compared to those with milder infection. This study reiterates the importance of speckle tracking echocardiography as an important imaging modality for detection of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in the post COVID-19 recovered patients.

Database Management Systems (DBMSs) are largely used to store, retrieve, and manage the vast amounts of data that modern applications handle. There are various DBMSs available in the industry. While a few studies have examined the co-evolution of DBMSs and application source code, there is a research gap in examining the adoption of DBMSs in real systems. Knowing the most commonly used DBMSs, how frequently they are used together, and their patterns of replacement can assist project managers in making informed decisions about DBMS adoption. Therefore, we conducted a historical investigation of 317 popular open source end-user applications developed in Java and hosted on GitHub. We determined if these projects had, at any point, employed any of the top 50 DBMSs as ranked by DB-Engines. We observed that MySQL is the most utilized relational DBMS, succeeded by PostgreSQL and H2. Considering only non-relational DBMSs, Redis emerges as the predominant choice, with Cassandra trailing behind. Multi-model DBMSs are top-ranked in Infrastructure Management projects. Furthermore, we found different combinations of subsets of 11 DBMSs being used together at the beginning of the project life cycle (e.g., PostgreSQL and MySQL). Halfway through the project life cycle, we found combinations of 25 DBMSs being used together (e.g., MS SQL Server and Oracle). Finally, at the end of the life cycle, this number increases to 29 DBMSs (e.g., Redis and H2). We also investigated the replacements of DBMSs. We mined sequential patterns and discovered 20 situations where projects replaced DBMSs. For example, we could observe 11 replacements of PostgreSQL in 8 projects in our corpus, with MySQL being a dominant replacement choice, having superseded PostgreSQL in four instances. Conversely, no project switched from MySQL to PostgreSQL. In summary, our study offers insights into the patterns of DBMS adoption, co-use, and replacement tendencies.

Species interactions shape native plant communities, influencing both composition and ecosystem processes, with invasion by non-native species threatening these dynamic relationships, native species, and function. The consequences of invasive plants in particular may stretch across taxa to impact plant, insect, and soil microbial communities directly and indirectly, with consequences for ecological functioning. In northern mixed-grass prairies, invasion by two annual brome grasses, Bromus arvensis and B. tectorum, negatively impacts rangeland plants; however, the simultaneous effects on insects and soil microbes (bacteria and archaea), and the implications for ecological function, have received less attention. Here, using observational field studies conducted at two mixed-grass prairie sites in Montana and Wyoming, we assessed the relationships between plants, insects, and soil microbes across gradients of invasion by B. arvensis and B. tectorum. Overall, we found differences in plant and insect communities and functional groups with increasing invasion abundance for both brome species. However, associations between invasion and the soil microbial community were species specific, as we only saw these relationships under B. tectorum invasion, implying B. tectorum may have more substantial consequences for rangeland management. While invasion by annual bromes may cause changes in certain plant and insect functional groups, such as C4 perennial grasses and certain insect herbivores, soil microbial functional groups may be less impacted, especially under B. arvensis invasion. This work sheds light on the need to explore changes in natural communities across taxa and to all invasive species, as ecosystem effects are likely to be contingent upon both.

Objective: To explore the application of the downward flap patch technique in single-port axillary endoscopic breast reconstruction with implants. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent single-port axillary endoscopic breast cancer radical resection with implant-based reconstruction at the Department of Oncology Surgery, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from August 2020 to March 2023. The patients’ postoperative drainage volume, early complications, and breast reconstruction satisfaction were analyzed using the BREAST-Q questionnaire. Results: The average total drainage volume was 235 ml on the second day after surgery. A total of 8 patients (15.38%) experienced complications, including 7 cases of incision infection, 5 cases of incision dehiscence, and 2 cases of flap necrosis. There were also 2 cases of local flap ischemic necrosis. Seven patients had wound infections, including 3 cases of simple infection, 2 cases of flap necrosis, and 2 cases of combined incision dehiscence. All 52 patients completed the 3-month follow-up without any loss to follow-up. During the follow-up period, no adverse events such as recurrence, metastasis, or death occurred in any of the patients. The BREAST-Q scores of patients who experienced complications were significantly lower than those who did not. Patients with higher postoperative drainage volumes were more likely to develop wound infections. The incidence of flap necrosis and incision dehiscence was not related to postoperative compression dressing or TNM staging, while the incidence of wound infection was related to compression dressing and regional lymph node metastasis. The breast reconstruction satisfaction score was not related to TNM staging. Conclusion: Single-port axillary endoscopic breast cancer radical resection with implant-based reconstruction achieved good results in breast cancer treatment and shaping. The downward flap patch technique is simple to operate, has good implant coverage, and can achieve good breast reconstruction satisfaction.

Density dependence is a vital mechanism for explaining tree species diversity, and empirical studies have evidenced that neighbor density did influence plant survival and growth in different communities worldwide. However, it is still unclear that what and how neighbor density affect plant survival and growth in a long time. Thus, we used the data from Barro Colorado Island (BCI) plot censused every 5 years from 1981 to 2015 to identify how density dependence affected adult trees survival and growth by using generalized linear mixed models. Followed by, linear regression models were used to assess whether the effect of density dependence on tree survival and growth correlated with the species abundance. We found that the effects of tree sizes (DBH) and heterospecific neighbor densities (BAhet) on tree survival varied over time. The effects of DBH and BAhet had significantly negative impacts on tree growth, while densities of conspecific neighbors (BAcon) showed significantly negative effect both on tree survival and growth in seven intervals. The effect of density dependence on tree growth was more stable than on survival. Additionally, the effects of conspecific and heterospecific neighbor density on tree growth, but not on tree survival, respectively, were significantly negatively and positively related to tree abundance over time. Overall, our result revealed that tree growth was the better predictor for the effect of density dependence at the community level.

Strategically managing livestock grazing in arid regions optimizes land use and curtails the damage caused by overcultivation. Controlled grazing preserves soil quality and fosters sustainability despite resource limitations. Uneven resource distribution can lead to diverse grazing patterns and land degradation, particularly in undulating terrains. In this study of a complex desert landscape encompassing dunes and interdunes, we developed a herbivore foraging algorithm based on a Resource Selection Function model. Our findings reveal that cattle prefer areas with abundant vegetation and proximity to water sources while avoiding higher elevations. However, abundant resource availability mitigated these impacts and enhanced the role of water points, particularly during late grazing periods. In summary, resource-driven decisions influence livestock grazing patterns, indicating that effective management should prioritize resource-based strategies such as enhancing food resources near water points as vegetation declines. Further, thoughtful water source placement and the subdivision of pastures into areas with varied terrain are crucial considerations.

Urban growth is occurring rapidly, and the land use changes associated with urbanization may have consequences for pollinators and the plants that rely on them. There is both evidence that urban areas support diverse pollinator communities and evidence that they degrade them. The influence of urbanization on the pollination of urban plants is even less understood. Urban agriculture relies on plant-pollinator interactions for crop production, providing a relevant framework to study pollination in an urban context. We therefore grew 240 plants across six sites at varying levels of urbanization in Chicago, Illinois, to investigate how urbanization relates to pollination in a generalized pollination system in Cucurbita pepo (squash) and a more specialized pollination system in the buzz-pollinated Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). We used a pollen limitation experiment to test whether the reproduction of plants at urban farms is pollen-limited and whether the magnitude of pollen limitation varies with the extent of urbanization, quantified as the percent of impervious surface surrounding each site. We also examined how pollinator visitation rates vary with urbanization. In S. lycopersicum but not C. pepo, the pollen addition treatment had a consistent and significant positive effect on reproductive success, indicating that plants of S. lycopersicum are pollen-limited in our study area. The magnitude of this pollen limitation (the difference in reproduction between paired control and pollen-supplemented plants) increased with greater impervious surface. The limited evidence for pollen limitation in the more generalized C. pepo suggests that plants with more specialized pollination systems are subject to greater pollen limitation in urban environments. Together, our results demonstrate that urban plants are likely experiencing deficits in pollination services, in ways that increase with the level of urbanization in the surrounding area but vary with the type of pollination system.

Engineering activities can sometimes be affected by individual risk factors, but they can also be affected by multiple risk factors combined. However, existing studies rarely examine whether multiple risk factors superimposed on a particular activity result in superposed or non-superposed effects. To some extent, these effects may influence the accuracy of project managers’ decision-making when handling risks. By introducing the Bayesian Network (BN) into the process of multi-factor superposition influence analysis of project schedule uncertainty, this research expounded on the construction and implementation of the Bayesian Network diagram of project schedule risk. Based on the Bayesian Network concept, this research developed a Bayesian network-based engineering schedule risk detection model. Further, it was examined whether the influence produced by the superposition of risk factors equals the sum of the influences produced by each risk factor acting alone. It has been demonstrated through engineering examples that the model does not only clearly express project schedules but also has all the functions of a Bayesian Network, allowing it to serve as a platform for processing uncertain data. The case also revealed that when multiple risk factors are superimposed, the impact on the project schedule is not superimposed. These findings provide policymakers with a more comprehensive understanding of how to respond to risk.

Ali Azargoonjahromi 1*, Fatemeh Abutalebian21 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. aazargoonj@gmail.com2 Department of Biotechnology and Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Central Branch, Tehran, Iran. fatemeh.abutalebian@gmail.com*Corresponding author: Ali AzargoonjahromiE-mail: aazargoonj@gmail.comORCID: 0000-0002-6997-9419

The paper introduces an acurrate numerical appraoch based on orthonormal Bernoulli polynomials for solving parabolic partial integro- differential equations (PIDEs). This type of equations arises in physics and engineering. Some operational matrix are given for these polynomials and are also used to obtain the numerical solution. By this approach, the problem is transformed into a nonlinear algebraic system. Convergence analysis is given and some experiment tests are studied to examine the good accuracy of the numerical algorithm, the proposed technique is compared with some other well known methods.

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Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy could present with acute heart failure, and an electrophysiology study with ablation was proven effective treatment in these circumstances. However, an invasive emergency procedure could always carry an increasing risk of complication, which could be devastating in a failing heart. We reported a case with incessant refractory supraventricular tachycardia and the ablation therapy complicated by ventricular fibrillation. Despite such a mishap, we managed to eliminate the accessory pathway as the cause of the tachycardia, and the patient was successfully treated with percutaneous cardiopulmonary support.

Caspofungin is an echinocandin antifungal commonly used as the first-line therapy for invasive candidiasis, salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis. Pharmacokinetic variabilities and suboptimal exposure have been reported for caspofungin, increasing the risk of insufficient efficacy. We aimed to consolidate information from population pharmacokinetic studies, compare model performance, identify significant covariates affecting caspofungin’s PKs, evaluate probability of target attainment in different studies and assemble pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target to address existing knowledge gaps that may warrant further investigation in future. We performed a systematic search strategy to review the PPK studies of caspofungin. Four databases were searched. We extracted information for the comparison of models, evaluation of the impact of covariates on clearance and apparent volume and the calculation of probability of target attainment under specific minimum inhibitory concentration. Thirteen studies were included. The simulation results showed that under labeled dose, pediatrics exhibited notably higher exposure than adults. Body size was the most identified covariate that affected both clearance and volume of distribution. For C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, none of the populations achieved a PTA of ≥ 90%. In contrast, for C. glabrata, 70% of the adult patients reached a PTA of ≥ 90%, while all pediatric patients achieved the same PTA level. At the recommended dosage, adults showed lower exposure to caspofungin compared to pediatrics. It is crucial to consider body size, liver function and serum albumin when determining caspofungin dosage regimens. Furthermore, further research is required to comprehensively understand the pharmacokinetics of caspofungin in pediatrics.

OBJECTIVES In the etiology of childhood cancers, many genetic and environmental factors play a role. One of these factors is cigarette smoking and the main source of tobacco smoke exposure of children is parental smoking. However, establishing a causal relationship between parental smoking and childhood cancers has proven challenging due to difficulties in accurately detecting tobacco smoke exposure METHODS To address this issue, we used hair cotinine analysis and a questionnaire to get information about tobacco smoke exposures of pediatric cancer patients and healthy children. 104 pediatric cancer patients and 99 healthy children participated in our study. Parental smoking behaviours (pre-conceptional, during pregnancy and current smoking) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposures of children are compared. RESULTS We have found no differences between two groups by means of maternal smoking behaviours. However, the rates of paternal pre-conceptional smoking and smoking during pregnancy were significantly low in cancer patients (p<0,05). These data suggests that social desirability bias among fathers of cancer patients may have contributed to this discrepancy. According to questionnaire cancer patients had significantly lower ETS exposures than healthy children (p<0,05). However, ETS exposure assessment through cotinine analysis demonstrated that cancer patients had higher exposure to ETS compared to healthy children (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence supporting the potential role of smoking as a risk factor for childhood cancers. This study also revealed that questionnaires could cause biases. We suggest that cotinine analysis along with validated questionnaires can be used to prevent biases in studies of tobacco smoke in the etiology of childhood cancers.

Improving mechanical properties of wound dressings and achieving personalized automatic real-time in situ deposition are important to accelerate wound management and repair. In this study, we reported a home designed automatic in situ deposition device based on solution blow spinning (SBS) to prepare PLGA/PLLA composite nanofibrous membranes for wound dressing. Polymer solution and in situ deposition conditions including air pressure, spinning distance, solvent extrusion rate, and spinning rate were optimized by orthogonal experiments and characterized with dynamic mechanical analysis. Microscopic morphology and physical properties of the prepared PLGA/PLLA composite nanofibrous membranes show that the strength, adhesion, water vapor transmission rate, water retention, water absorption, degradation etc., were sufficient for wound dressing applications. To investigate the possibility as a biomedical wound-dressing material, tannic acid (TA) was incorporated with PLGA/PLLA composite nanofibrous membranes. The resultant PLGA/PLLA/TA composite nanofibrous membranes exhibited good biocompatible and exceptional antibacterial properties against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A pilot animal study illustrated the potential of this in situ deposition of PLGA/PLLA/TA composite nanofibrous membranes across multiple applications in wound healing/ repair by reducing the formation of wound scar tissue and overactivation of fibroblasts.