We report a case of 17-month-old girl who was diagnosed with CBFA2T3/GLIS2 rearranged AMKL.Three months after a TCR αβ-CD19 depleted haploidentical HSCT she presented with decreasing donor chimaerism, positive flow MRD(0.2%) and more than two log rise in CBFA2T3/GLIS2 transcripts. After one cycle of azacitidine and venetoclax she achieved molecular remission and donor chimaerism reverted to 100%. This is the first case report of a CBFA2T3/GLIS2 rearranged AMKL responding to this combination. This strategy, if proven to be effective in a larger cohort, could be used to treat relapse after HSCT in this high risk group of patients.

Inhaled corticosteroids in early COVID-19 – a tale of many facetsLudger Klimek1, Cezmi A. Akdis2, Marek Jutel3, Torsten Zuberbier4, Jean Bousquet5-71. Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany.2. Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich - Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.3. Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Wroclaw, ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wrocław, Poland.4. Clinic for Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.5. Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany6. Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany7. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Montpellier, France

The number of urgently threatened species rapidly accelerates and almost one-third of freshwater biodiversity face extinction. Here, we explore mechanistic links between eutrophication and ecophysiological trait plasticity to investigate if plasticity can predict species being predisposed to extinction. Individuals of five species belonging to the widespread and prominent genus Potamogeton were selected according to their historical trend and transplanted into three replicate lakes along a gradient in nutrient availability. After four weeks of growth, it was observed that declining species were unable to convert increased nutrient availability into enhanced rates of growth and that the ecophysiological plasticity was lower regarding nutrient acquisition and the ability to adjust physiologically to maximise growth under the prevailing nutrient regime. We conclude that an important mechanism behind species declines link to inappropriate ecophysiological adjustments under nutrient enrichment that likely have severe consequences for species competitive capabilities under eutrophication, eventually leading to local extinction.

Background: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome may require surgical intervention for disabling symptoms. Various surgical procedures have been described but there is no consensus on any treatment algorithm. Methods: In this single-centre retrospective study, we report the results of the procedures performed between 2006 and 2019 using the three main surgical approaches, middle fossa approach (MFA), transmastoid approach (TMA) and round window reinforcement (RWR). The outcome on cardinal cochlear and vestibular symptoms, audiometric results and changes in cVEMPs were analysed. The patients were also interviewed 12 months to 13 years post-treatment to establish their overall satisfaction following surgery. Results: 63 patients were divided into three groups: 42 MFA; 12 RWR; 9 TMA. Post-surgical control rates exceeded 80% for the majority of symptoms in the MFA and TMA groups, and ranged from 11.1 to 83.3% for the RWR group. Over 90% of MFA or TMA patients and 60% of the RWR cohort were satisfied overall with their treatment. Hearing thresholds were intact following surgery in the MFA and TMA groups. There was one case of profound post-operative deafness in the RWR group. Discussion: MFA and TMA are both safe and effective techniques in the treatment of disabling SSCD. Since MFA is the more invasive technique, this study suggests that TMA should be proposed as first-line treatment, temporal bone anatomy permitting. RWR outcomes are more random and this option could be offered to patients at risk under general anaesthesia. Key words: Minor syndrome, superior canal dehiscence, hearing loss, vertigo.

Objective: The study aimed to determine the utility of reflux finding score (RFS) and reflux symptom index (RSI) in diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Design: Hospital based descriptive cross sectional study. Participants: Patients with throat and voice complaints for more than a month provided they have no other underlying cause such as tumors of the aerodigestive system or chronic irritants of the larynx such as cigarette smoking or those with misuse of voice such as choir singers, teachers. Main outcome measures: Statistical analyses described the utility of RFS and RSI in diagnosis of LPRD as designed by Belafsky et al where the diagnosis of reflux was made when the patient had an aggregate RSI score >13. Results: In this study, a total of 2500 patients were recruited, out of which 800 (32.0%) were males and 1700 (68.0%) were female. Out of the 2500, 1520 (60.8%) patients were found to have a RSI of >13. Out of the 1520 patients subjected to 70-degree laryngoscopy, 1425 patients (95.0%) were found to have a RFS >7. Of the 1425 patients with RFS >7, 260 were males (18.2%) and 1165 were females (81.8%). Conclusion: RFS and RSI have shown utility in diagnosing LPRD and they remain to be applicable even in resource-limited settings. There should be universal treatment protocol for LPRD since it vary among countries and health systems

Objectives This study investigates the incidence of neck fibrosis in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients following radiotherapy with respect to patient age, treatment characteristics, history of alcohol and tobacco use, and disease recurrence. Design A retrospective review of all patients being treated for HNC at a rural tertiary care center between 2013 and 2017 was performed. Participants 90 patients being treated for HNC, aged 19 to 99 years. Main outcome measures Incidence and Grade of head and neck fibrosis. Correlation with treatment/patient characteristics was performed using Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests for univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results Factors associated with an increased incidence of fibrosis included smoking during radiotherapy (p < 0.001), alcohol use (p = 0.026), recurrent disease (p = 0.042), and age less than 60 (p < 0.001) on univariate analysis. Factors associated with increased grade of fibrosis in HNC patients included recurrent HNC (p = 0.033), alcohol use (p = 0.013), patient age younger than 60 years (p = 0.018), smoking during radiotherapy (p < 0.001), and non-Caucasian race (p = 0.012). Conclusions Identification and intervention directed at patients who possess risk factors associated with fibrosis prior to treatment has the potential to improve the long-term quality of life for HNC patients.

When a person die human body decomposes after some time. Although body is decomposed but we can still extract DNA from remains like bone and teeth. Bone is the best source of DNA. It helps in forensic science as we know when somewhere disaster happens or a person killed by some other activities like bomb blast. The only source to identify the person is DNA. Now the question is how to extract DNA. That's what we will understand in very simple way that how can we extract DNA from Bone. For this purpose, we took bone remains from a graveyard in Multan city.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of age on the success and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL) in staghorn renal stones. Material and Methods: The files of 182 patients who underwent single-access PCNL for staghorn renal stones between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to their age: those aged <65 years were defined as Group-1 and those aged ≥65 years as Group-2.The demographic characteristics and perioperative and postoperative results of the patients were compared between the two groups.Postoperative detection of stones>4 mm was defined as residual stones.Complications were classified according to the Clavien scoring system. Results: Of the patients with staghorn renal stones,139 were in Group-1 and 43 were in Group-2. The mean age of the patients was 43.9±10.6 years for Group-1 and 67.8±2.1 years for Group-2(p=0.001).The mean stone size in Group-1 and Group-2 was 899±292 and 1,008±208 mm2, respectively(p=0.736). When we evaluated the postoperative results, we observed that the amount of hemoglobin drop was statistically significantly higher in Group-1(p=0.001). However, the need for blood transfusion was higher in Group-2 than in Group-1(18.6% and 7.2%, respectively). The stone-free rate was 54.7% in Group-1 and 67.4% in Group-2(p=0.139). According to the evaluation of the overall complication rates,34.5% of the patients in Group-1 and 46.5% of those in Group-2 developed complications(p=0.206). When we examined the subgroups of complications according to the Clavien scoring system, the rate of minor complications was found to be 22.3% in Group-1 and 41.9% in Group-2,and the difference was statistically significant(p=0.012). The major complication rates were determined as 4.7% and 12.2% for Group-1 and Group-2,respectively(p=0.155). The number of patients with Clavien grade-2 complications was statistically higher in the elderly patient group(p=0.019). Conclusion: PCNL can be used as an effective and safe treatment method in the treatment of complex stones in elderly patients

Aim: To examine the effect of ureterorenoscopic stone removal timing on kidney function in unilateral ureteral stones. Methods: The 137 patients sampled were divided into two groups: 98 patients who underwent surgery ≤ 14 days after the stone diagnosis (Early Surgery Group) and 39 patients who were operated> 14 days after the stone diagnosis (Late Surgery Group). Preoperative serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and GFR were recorded for the patients in both groups. In the postoperative first mouth, serum creatinine, BUN, and GFR were again recorded and compared with the preoperative values. Result: The mean preoperative serum creatinine, GFR, and BUN levels for Early Surgery Group were 1.25 ± 0.65µmol/L, 80.04 ± 33.6ml/min/1.73m2, 50 ± 16.6mmol/L, respectively. While a decrease was observed in serum creatinine (0.82 ± 0.22µmol/L, p < 0.001) and BUN (14.08 ± 7.25mmol/L, p < 0.001) levels one month after surgery, the GFR increased (105.33 ± 21.6ml/min/1.73m2, p < 0.001). In Late Surgery Group, postoperative serum creatinine levels increased minimally (0.94 ± 0.33 vs. 0.95 ± 0.30µmol/L, p = 0.102), and GFR decreased (95.15 ± 27.3 vs. 93.77 ± 24.3ml/min/1.73m2, p = 0.338). Although there was an increase in BUN (17.38 ± 9 vs. 17.92 ± 8.8mmol/L, p = 0.283), the statistical difference was not significant. Conclusion: We believe that surgical treatment should be planned within two weeks at the latest, as prolonged obstruction may result in kidney damage

Introduction. Since the introduction of first measures designed to tame the COVID-19 pandemic, several speculations have been made about their simultaneous effect on seasonal influenza. Although social distancing policies could be effective in mitigating influenza spread, the ultimate consequences remain unknown. Aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza related-pneumonia in hospitalized patients. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective analysis to evaluate the rate of influenza-related pneumonia in current pandemic year (April 2020 to March 2021), compared to previous five years (April 2015 to March 2020). Analysis was based on the clinical records and ICD-9 diagnosis code of all adult patients admitted for pneumonia at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS of Rome. The diagnosis of pneumonia caused by influenza and by other common respiratory tract viral infections were assessed. Results. Overall 15,029 (15.2%) hospitalized for pneumonia were considered. Patients’ median age was 76 years [interquartile range 64 – 84); males were 8652 (57.6%). Influenza-related pneumonia almost disappeared in the 2020-2021 (0.0002%) compared previous five years (1.5%). Conversely, other virus related pneumonia had a similar incidence in both the evaluated periods. Discussion The present analysis suggests that during COVID-19 pandemic the cases influenza-related pneumonia was basically absent among our hospitalized patients. Interestingly, other virus-related pneumonia showed a countertrend, and the actual incidence rate was slightly higher than previous five years. Further investigations are needed to assess the ultimate effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the total trend of influenza and other respiratory tract infections.

To assess and compare the activity of pharmaceutical analysis on drug management in a geriatric acute care unit prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a single-centre, observational, retrospective, and comparative cohort study. All Pharmacist Interventions (PIs) carried out in the unit between 27 January 2020 and 30 April 2020 were distinguished according to whether they were conducted prior to or during the first wave of COVID-19. The main outcome measure was the rate of PIs per patient and per line of treatment analysed. Other data collected were the drug class managed by the PI, the Drug Related Problems (DRP) identified, the nature of the advice given, and the acceptance rate by geriatricians A total of 355 stays were analysed, with PIs generated for 21.7% of the stays prior to COVID-19, and for 53.4% of the stays during the first wave (p=1.029 E-9). Among the 4,402 lines of treatments analysed, 54 PIs were carried out for prescriptions prior to COVID-19, and 177 during the first wave (p=0.002). DRPs were mostly related to anti-infectious drugs during the pandemic (20.3%, p=0.038), and laxatives prior to the pandemic (13.0%, p=0.023). The clinical impact of the PIs was mainly moderate (43.7%). The acceptance rate was 59.3%. A greater amount of DRPs were detected and more therapeutic advice was proposed during the first wave of COVID-19, with a focus on drugs used for the management of COVID-19 rather than geriatric routine treatments. The needs for clinical pharmacists were strengthened during the pandemic.

Objective: To describe long-term changes in Cesarean Delivery (CD) and estimate CD recurrence risk across five decades. Design: Population-based cohort study Setting: Norway, 1967-2014 Sample: A total of 951,895 nulliparous women with their singleton, cephalic, term deliveries were followed through their first and second births. Methods: Data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway was used to describe CD by maternal age (years): <20 (reference), 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39 and >=40 and onset of labor: spontaneous (reference), induced and pre-labor CD. Based on seven risk factors, women were grouped as lower (no factors) - and higher-risk (one or more factors). Risk estimates were stratified by periods: 1967-1982, 1983-1998 and 1999-2014. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: CD in the first birth increased across periods from 3.3% to 10.2% and from 8% to 20.5% in lower- and higher-risk women, respectively. The increase in CD was only found among women < 35 years. Compared to women with spontaneous onset, the RR of CD in lower-risk women with induced onset of labor increased from 3.8 (95% CI 3.6-4.0) to 5.9 (95% CI 5.7-6.2) across periods. Overall CD recurrence risk was 57.9%, but relative recurrence risk was lower in the last than in the first period. Conclusion: Overall CD risk increased over time in Norwegian women <35 years both in lower- and higher- risk groups, while it was stable or decreased in older women. CD recurrence risk declined across 47 years in Norway.

Excessive neonatal birth weight with its increasing figures complicates obstetrical management as well as outcome severely and is associated with gestational diabetes and maternal obesity. The increase in pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity and gestational diabetes emphasizes the necessity of evidence-based clinical interventions to prevent or decelerate these diseases. If prenatal care is not frequented by mothers-to-be there are no options open for obstetricians to detect fetal macrosomia and to intervene.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the number one cancer in children worldwide. Survival with ALL in children has shown a steady improvement over time with contemporary chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine the incidence rates and lifetime health impacts of pediatric ALL in Taiwan. A total of 3,854 patients with the diagnosis of ALL (ICD-9-CM code: 2040) were collected from the Registry for Catastrophic Illness (RCI) between 1997 and 2015 to assure the diagnostic accuracy. We included 2,044 cases for the final analysis. All patients were followed-up until the end of 2017 by linkage with the National Mortality Registry of Taiwan. A survival extrapolation method was applied and validated to estimate the lifetime survival function for life expectancy (LE) and loss-of-life expectancy (loss-of-life LE). The cohort included 1,222 males and 822 females. The average incidence rates (IRs) of pediatric ALL from 1997 to 2015 for age strata of <1, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-18 were 1.24, 3.39, 2.21, 1.56, and 0.97 per 100,000 person-year, respectively. The cumulative incidence rate up to age 18 (CIR0-18) of pediatric ALL increased after 2001, and was more pronounced in males than females. Most patients received treatments based on the protocol of Taiwan pediatric oncology group (TPOG)-ALL-97 (23.0%) or TPOG-ALL-2002 (62.7%). After extrapolation of survival to age 80, we found LE and loss-of-LE of pediatric ALL were 54.5 and 15.2 years, respectively. Future studies should explore long-term survival for different groups at risk of pediatric ALL and impacts of ALL on the society.

Background: Prediction of AF recurrence after RF ablation based on pre-procedural factors allows better patient selection and ablation planning. We hypothesized pre-procedural APBs could predict recurrence of AF after RFA. Methods: 140 PAF patients (43% females) undergoing RFA from 2018.01.01 to 2020.1.31 were included. APBs and indices analyzed from 24-hour Holter recording within 1 week of RFA. Recurrence noted at 3 and 12 months. Patients were categorized into LRAF and non-LRAF groups and independent associations computed using x2 test and t-tests. Individual prediction ability was calculated using univariate logistic regression and statistically significant variables incorporated into multivariate regression. Subgroup analysis among 120 patients with APBs was computed to estimate if ABP count and its’ indices could predict ERAF and LRAF. Results: 85.5% LRAF subjects had APBs(mean: 1531±3720/day), whereas 86% NLRAF subjects had APBs(mean: 4370±9915/day). 63.3% (50/92) in LRAF group had p on T APBs opposed to a higher 44% (18/48) in NLRAF group. Only APB count and P on T APB revealed independent association with LRAF (p=0.046 and p=0.042) but not ERAF among 120 patients with APBs. In this subset of patients, APB count negatively predicted LRAF (95% CI=0.69-0.98, P=0.028) and P on T APB positively predicted LRAF (95%CI= 0.211-0.978, P=0.044) but not ERAF in univariate analysis and only P on T APB predicted LRAF in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: In PAF patients undergoing RFA, presence of pre-procedural APB isn’t a risk factor for LRAF. Presence of p on T APBs prior to ablation is a risk factor for LRAF.

Background: Beta-thalassemia major (BTM) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by hemolytic anemia. Increased iron load accumulated in the body as a result of frequent erythrocyte transfusions leads to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications. High asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels disrupts endothelial function. Endocan is a soluble proteoglycan synthesized in vascular endothelial cells in many organs. High levels of endocan indicate endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to determine whether there is a correlation with cardiac evaluation instruments by evaluating circulating ADMA and endocan levels in BTM patient group and healthy control group and whether they can be a prognostic marker in terms of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk stratification. Methods: A total of 39 patients with BTM and 39 age and gender matched healthy children were enrolled in the study. Medical histories of all patients were recorded and physical examinations were performed. Complete blood count, reticulocytic count, serum ferritin and iron level, liver, renal function tests, plasma ADMA and endocan and proBNP. Cardiac examination results by a pediatric cardiologist were tested on all children in both patient and control groups. Results: Mean ADMA in the BTM group is higher than in the control group. Endocan levels in patients with BTM were not found to be statistical difference (337,5±344,0 pg/mL vs 218,14±171,1 pg/mL) (p=0,057). Serum endocan and ADMA levels were not associated with cardiovascular functions. Conclusions: Although serum levels of endocan were found to be significantly higher in BTM patients, high serum endocan and ADMA levels were not associated with cardiovascular functions.

Aerobic activated sludge process (AAS) is the most widely used biological wastewater treatment process, but its treatment efficiency is limited by low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and mass transfer rate. Herein, high-gravity technology (Higee), an efficient mass transfer enhancement technique, was used to enhance AAS to improve municipal wastewater treatment efficiency. Higee-enhanced AAS (Higee-AAS) rapidly reduced chemical oxygen demand and NH3-N to below the discharge limits, and it was effective in removing the compounds (e.g., aliphatic/proteins) that were stubborn in AAS. In Higee-AAS, DO increased dramatically, and activated sludge became more dispersed with smaller particle size, which facilitated contact between oxygen and sludge, improving oxygen utilization rate and microbial activity. The increases in extracellular polymeric substances and relative abundance of microorganisms (Bacteroidete, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira) in Higee-AAS were helpful to remove pollutants. Higee-AAS can effectively improve wastewater treatment efficiency, and it has potential as a new wastewater treatment technology.

Maize (Zea mays L.) in the North China Plain are often subject to continuous overcast rain, which causing waterlogging and shading simultaneously at flowering stage, leading to huge yield losses. The mechanisms of maize response to combined waterlogging and shading remain largely unknown. Here, yield losses mechanism underline single and combined waterlogging and shading at flowering stage was investigated by performing phenotypic, physiological and quasi-targeted metabolomics analysis. Compare to single stress, combined stressed plants showed lower photosynthesis, root absorption ability, and increased ovary abortion. Phenotype analysis of the reproductive tissues showed that the ovary abortion was immediate caused by the decreased emerged silk number. The results of carbon metabolism indicated that the changes in carbohydrate contents and sugar metabolic enzyme activities could not explain the ovary abortion. In addition, metabolomics analysis identified 25 specific metabolites increased in ovaries and eleven specific metabolites decreased in silks has a strong correlation with ovary abortion. These differentially accumulated metabolites are mainly amino acids and flavonoids, indicating the amino acids and flavonoids metabolites play an important role during the ovary abortion. These findings will lay the foundation for breeding stress-tolerant maize cultivars.

Spontaneous reporting successfully highlighted thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) as a rare adverse reaction of Vaxzevria and Janssen vaccine. So, again it proved to be capable of detecting a rare adverse reaction. But it is unable to determine the incidence rate of the adverse reaction. Reporting rates are no incidence rates. Although it may give an indication reporting rates can’t be interpreted as an incidence rate. For an incidence rate, the nominator is inappropriate and the denominator suboptimal.

Aim The aim of the study was to determine the affect of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) acceptance of illness, emotional distress, depression on nutritional status, life quality. Methods This study was conducted in 145 type 2 DM, 73 males and 72 females, ranging in age from 20-65 years. The Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) for the determination of individuals’ acceptance of the illness, Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) Scale for emotional distress, Beck Depression Scale (BDS) for depression, Short Form-36 (SF-36) scales for quality of life and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) for diet quality was used. Results: The mean score of individuals’ AIS were 30.2±5.62. Compared to women, men had lower emotional distress and depression levels (p<0.05), higher physical, mental life quality (p<0.001). The mean score of individuals’ HEI-2010 were 54.8±12.85 and more than half of the individuals had diet quality required to be improved. Models that were emotional distress and SF-36 Mental Component Summary (MCS) with acceptance of illness (F(2, 142)=58.404); AIS, BDS and age (years) with emotional distress (F(3, 141)=53.174); emotional distress and SF-36 MCS with depression status (F(2, 142)=82.029); acceptance of illness and depression status with SF-36 MCS (F(2, 142)=70.937); emotional distress and depression status with SF-36, Physical Component Summary (PCS) (F(2, 142)=42.926) were statistically significant (p=0.000). Also, correlations among AIS, PAID Scale, BDS, SF-36 were found to be significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The presence of diabetes does not require to have different nutritional habit on individuals without diabetes. Although the diet quality of individuals with type 2 DM is not primarily related to the individual’s acceptance of the illness, emotional distress, depression status and quality of life, the status of medical nutrition as a part of medical treatment by the individual is one of the important criteria in determining the priorities in diabetes management.

Background: Food allergies (FAs) are associated with alterations in the gut microbiota, epithelial barrier and immune tolerance. These dysfunctions are observed in the first month of life, revealing that early intervention is crucial for disease prevention. Nutritional strategies such as prebiotics may reduce FAs in children. Indeed some prebiotics such as galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and inulin are able to induce tolerance, epithelial barrier reinforcementand gut microbiota modulation, but the ideal period for intervention is unknown. Herein, we investigated whether GOS/inulin supplementation during gestation could protect progeny against FAs in mice. Methods: The mothers received a control diet or an enriched diet with GOS/inulin exclusively during the pregnancy. At the weaning, pups were intraperitoneally sensitized and orally challenged with a wheat allergen. After the challenge pups symptoms were evaluated and we analyzed allergic and tolerogenic parameters. Moreover, mothers and pups fecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed throughout the protocol. Results: We demonstrated that prebiotics supplementation induced a strong restructuration of the fecal microbiota of mice toward beneficial strains during gestation and partially during mid-lactation. This specific microbiota was transferred to pups and maintained to adulthood. Moreover, B and T regulator subsets were increased in pups born from supplemented mothers, inducing a tolerogenic environment and protecting them against FAs. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that prebiotics supplementation during pregnancy induces on the offspring a tolerogenic environment and a microbial imprint, leading to a reduction of FA development.

In this work, we investigate the problem of finite time blow up as well as the upper bound estimates of lifespan for solutions to small-amplitude semilinear wave equations with time dependent damping and potential, and mixed nonlinearities $c_1 |u_t|^p+c_2 |u|^q$, posed on asymptotically Euclidean manifolds, which is related to both the Strauss conjecture and the Glassey conjecture.

This work focus on a nonlinear mathematical model deal with the stability of visual trajectory track during locomotion in the fish robot is developed. Previously the visual trajectory model has derived through stochastic differential equation. The source of long memory, and more precisely of infinite memory, is due to infinitely large time constants. Thus, Fractional calculus theory is developed to get better model. (1) The fractional stochastic differential equation (FSDEs) is utilized to determine the parameters that ensure the coordination between the unstable visual trajectory track and the stable visual trajectory track of the fish robotic system and robot driver. (2) Existence and stability results are derived through successive approximation and Bihari’s inequality, semigroup theory, and fractional calculus in stochastic settings. (3) Stability results of Rosenblatt process and numerical simulation are established and applied for collision free track in the visual trajectory track of the fish robot. (4) Stability of FSDEs through Rosenblatt process entrusted depletion of collision in the ocean water environment even in tiny particles from the visual trajectory to the fish robot. There is no existing knowledge in this regard. Therefore, the study is conducted. (5) The algorithms have several advantages from gaze shift frame such as terrific quality of randomness, key sensitivity, and collision free location stability. Numerical simulation results manifest the effectiveness, efficiency and feasibility of real-world applications.

The present paper investigates the effect of electrification and viscous dissipation on boundary layer stagnation point flow of nanofluids towards stretching sheet. For this purpose, a steady state flow of water-Cu nanofluid has been considered. An efficient mathematical model has been developed using Matlab to understand the variation of non-dimensional velocity profile (f’(η)), non-dimensional temperature profile (θ(η)) and dimensionless concentration distribution of nanoparticle S(η). Using the similarity variables, the boundary layer equations of flow field has been transferred to nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The present model has been validated with available literature and the results show good agreement. The effect of five different parameters such as stretching parameter (ε), Brownian motion (Nb), Thermophoresis (Nt), Ecket Number (Ec), Schmidt Number (Sc) and Electrification (M) of nanoparticles on heat and mass transfer characteristics of boundary layer stagnation point flow of the Cu-water nanofluid towards stretching sheet has also been calculated. The non-dimensional velocity profile shows an increasing trend with higher values of ε, M, Nb, Nt.