Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in infancy and childhood. Bone metastases are common and usually involve the skull and axial bones; limb bone metastases are rare. Herein, we evaluated the clinical features, image manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of patients with recurrent RB with limb bone metastasis and without central neural system involvement. Procedure: Clinical data of 5 patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics in Beijing Tongren Hospital, between January 2015 and January 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Three males and two females were included (7 eyes: 4 stage E and 1 each of stage D, C, and B). The interval between symptom onset and bone metastasis was 12-102 months. Three cases were unilateral (2 left and 1 right), and two were bilateral. The most common symptom was pain. Three patients had bone marrow and lymph node metastasis. Three patients had single and two had multiple skeletal lesions. The main limb bones involved were the femur, humerus, talus, and ulna. Serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) was significantly elevated in 4 cases, and slightly elevated in 1 case; primary intravenous chemotherapy resulted in a decrease in NSE and gradual resolution of bone lesions. At the time of follow-up, 2 patients died and 3 were in complete remission. Conclusions: Regular lifelong follow-up of patients with RB is warranted to identify bone metastases. Clinicians should consider examination findings, imaging findings, and laboratory results to identify bone metastases and initiate appropriate treatment.

Objective: To assess and compare the Maternal and fetal outcomes of critically ill pregnant women infected with COVID – 19 cases of pneumonia who required admission to the intensive care unit. Design: A retrospective observational study Settings: Tertiary care hospital settings affiliated with an academic center in UAE. Patients and Methods: A total of 123 patients in their third trimester were included from 1 December 2020 to 31 March 2021 in the study with 30 cases of severe or critical COVID and 93 mild to moderate pregnant COVID patients. The maternal demographic, radiological, and biochemical profile of mothers was noted. Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared. Main outcomes Measured: Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared in severe and mild COVID cases. Result: A total of 30 (24.3%) patients were admitted in ICU and eight required invasive ventilation meaning, Severe COVID was significantly associated with higher mortality (20% vs 0% p-value <0.001), postpartum complications (50% vs 9.67% p-value<0.001) and increased overall hospital stay (p-value<0.001). Neonates born to severe COVID patients had significant higher chances of being born preterm (76.6% vs 35.7% p-value<0.001) and have low birth weight (46.6% vs 13.9% p-value=0.002). There were four cases of stillbirth, two cases of vertical transmission, and no neonatal deaths. Conclusion: Pregnant females with severe COVID have high mortality, peripartum complications; and increased hospital stay. The newborns born to such mothers may be premature, have low birth weights but have comparable mortality

Floods are the most common and destructive disasters around the globe, which becomes more challenging in coastal areas due to higher population density and catchment area relative to floods in an inland area. For effective coastal flood management to reduce flood adverse impacts it is necessary to investigate the flooding processes and their join interaction in a coastal area. This paper selected the Brisbane River Estuary, Australia as an example and the MIKE 21 model is applied to investigate the effects of mesh resolution on the flood discharge and to explores compound flooding by computing variances in coastal flood assessments resulting from a separation of tidal and riverine processes. The statistical results showed that the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient, E of water level are varied from 0.84 to 0.95 and the model simulated the 2011 flood extent results agreed with 90% accuracy with the observed flood extent. Five mesh resolutions cases were analyzed and the result found that the finer mesh resolution Case 5 was more appropriate for calculating the peak discharge with 2.7% with estimated discharge. Compound flood event simulation results emphasized that not considering the interaction of various flooding drivers caused 0.62 m and 0.12 m reduction in the flood levels at Jindalee and Brisbane city gauges, and uncertainties in flood extent. Simulated results of flood at Brisbane city gauge, showed that 2011 and 2013 floods with storm surge scenario 4 demonstrate, the increase in flood level to be 12% and 34% respectively. The results recommend flooding assessment by using mesh convergence with joint probability of compound flood under future storm surge for planning and management of coastal projects.

Background:Per the GLOBOCAN 2018 data, breast cancer constitutes 19.2% of female cancer cases in China. Objective: The study aimed to detect and monitor the early cardiotoxicity of the sequential regimen of anthracycline and trastuzumab in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer, using VVI technology combined with contrast echocardiography. Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer at the Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China. All included patients underwent routine echocardiography, VVI, and contrast echocardiography examinations at three time points: the baseline (T0), after 4 cycles of anthracycline chemotherapy (T1), and after 17 cycles of trastuzumab(T2). Results: A total of 44 patients were included in this study. Compared to the time point T0, the global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle at time intervals T1 and T2 were lower than that of before, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Myocardial perfusion delay were observed in T1 and T2, compared with T0, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The occurrence rates of abnormal T wave on electrocardiography at T1 and T2 time points were significantly higher than that at T0 time interval, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: VVI technology combined with contrast echocardiography could evaluate the changes of left ventricular systolic function and myocardial perfusion microcirculation after sequential administration of anthracycline and trastuzumab treatment. This modality may be helpful for the early detection of chemotherapy-related subclinical cardiotoxicity.

To explore the role of CD72 in B lymphocytes of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients, the expression detection and in vitro culture experiment of patients’ and controls’ lymphocytes were made.The CD72 expressions on B lymphocytes were detected by flow-cytometry. The B cell proliferation were determined by method of 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine incorporation in culture of lymphocytes. The secretion levels of antibodies against human platelet antigens(HPA) and the cytokines related with B cell proliferation were measured by ELISA method. We found the CD72 expressions significantly increased in B cells of newly diagnosed or persistent ITP comparing with ITP in remission (P=0.018). B cell proliferation in culture with CD72 antibody addition significantly decreased in ITP patients and control group by comparing with isotype antibody addition (P=0.007 and 0.026 respectively). But there wasn’t significant differences of HPA antibody levels between CD72 antibody and isotype antibody added ITP patients’ cell cultures(P=0.91). IL-1 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels of CD72 antibody added ITP patients’ cell culture supernatant were significantly higher than those of isotype antibody added culture supernatant (P=0.011 and 0.002 respectively). But that differences were not significant in cell cultures of control group, and we didn’t find significant differences of midkine or hepatocyte growth factor levels between CD72 and isotype antibody added culture supernatant. So we concluded that CD72 expression elevation related with active status of ITP, and the blockade of CD72 with antibody had negative impact on B cell proliferation and accompanied IL-1 and MIF increment in the culture of ITP lymphocytes.

Introduction: The phenomenon of intermittent retrograde conduction over an accessory pathway (AP) is very rare. Methods: We report a case of AVRT without ventricular pre-excitation and arrhythmia recorded. Stepwise decremental pacing was delivered from RV apex. When the pacing CL was shortened to 400 ms, Retrograde ventriculoatrial (V-A) Wenckebach-type block appeard with the earliest atrial activation at the ostium of CS. The S1S2 interval was first set to 450ms and then reduced by 10ms and atrial-ventricular node ERP (AVNERP) occurred at 500ms/410ms. Results: Retrograde conduction over an AP was present only during ventricular pacing with a fast pacing rate (S1S1 300ms, S1S2 500ms/290ms) and narrow QRS tachycardia was induced by atrial programmed stimulation. The AP was ablated successfully in the end. Conclusion: It is suggested that careful evaluation by EPS should be applied during baseline study, especially in the case without arrhythmia recorded.

Ecosystem mean residence times of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus (τe,C, τe,N and τe,P, respectively) are important ecosystem properties. By analyzing the dependence of the observation-based estimates of τe,C, τe,N and τe,P of 127 mature forests on climate, vegetation, soil and terrain-related variables, we found that climate, particularly mean annual minimum temperature (Tmin), had the greatest influence on τe,C, τe,N and τe,P. Different from previous studies, we found that both τe,C and τe,P increased with Tmin when Tmin > 0 ℃. Despite a decreasing phosphorus input with Tmin, vegetation adapted to low phosphorus environment by increasing internal recycling and phosphorus use efficiency, together with the increasing soil clay content with Tmin, not the direct response to Tmin, explained why both τe,C and τe,P increased with Tmin when Tmin > 0 ℃. Our results highlight the importance of factors beyond climate in regulating residence times, especially in subtropical forests.

Backgrounds: Localization of the esophagus and the left atrium (LA) posterior wall thickness (LAPWT) should be taken into account when delivering radiofrequency energy. Intracardiac echo (ICE) advanced into the LA is useful in visualizing LA and surrounding structure by its high and real-time resolution. Methods: In 73 patients (mean age, 68±12; paroxysmal AF in 45), 3-dimensional (3D) esophagus image was created with CARTO Soundstar® and its location was compared with contrast esophagography saved in Carto UNIVU™. LAPWT adjacent to the esophagus was measured at 4 levels: left superior PV (LSPV), intervenous carina (IC), left inferior PV (LIPV), and LIPV bottom. A target AI value was 260 (25W power) on the esophagus region. Results: All patients had the esophagus posterior to the left PV antrum. Creating 3D esophagus and measurement of LAPWT with ICE was done without any complications. ICE esophagus image was completely overlapped with contrast esophagography. LAPWT (mm) was 2.8 (interquartile range, 2.5-3.2), 2.2 (1.9-2.5), 1.9 (1.8-2.1), and 2.1 (1.9-2.4) for LSPV, IC, LIPV and LIPV bottom, respectively, while LA roof thickness 3.2 (2.9-3.6) (P<0.0001 by ANOVA). No residual conduction gap on the esophagus after the first circumferential PV isolation was found in 64 of 73 (88%) patients. Conclusions: ICE inserted into the LA can reliably locate and display the esophagus and its relationship to the LA. LAPWT was thinnest at LIPV level. AI-guide ablation targeting a relatively low target AI value 260 on the esophagus seemed to be effective.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the metastatic tumor with tricuspid valve involvement, and to improve the understanding of the disease and the level of diagnosis and treatment. Method: This article mainly reports a case of a metastatic squamous carcinoma of cervix(SCC) with tricuspid valve involvement patient treated with surgical treatment and followed up one year after surgery . Result: The prognosis of the case was good after surgery.But The short-term effect of the patient was not ideal.  Conclusion: Metastatic tumor of tricuspid valve is infrequent,which is difficult to diagnose and treat because of the lack of specific clinical manifestations.To achieve better therapeutic effect, the multi-mode treatment strategy should be considered.

In the past decade, glucose conversion has attracted increasing attention for use in both biosensor preparation and gluconic acid synthesis. However, differences in glucose concentration have led to different research priorities. Here, we sought to study the limited conditions for synthesizing high concentrations of gluconate using glucose oxidase and catalase. Considering product inhibition and the oxygen supplied limitations posed by gluconic acid and dissolved oxygen (DO), we present here a method using continuous glucose flow to the system along with the addition of H2O2 to the system as an oxygen precursor. Then the two features were coupled, constructing a novel, semi-cycle oxygen regeneration system to improve the product space-time yield. The effects of glucose and H2O2 addition on reaction rate were tested; the amount of gluconate yield was also assessed. Results indicated that glucose conversion was consistent with the DO value of the system; moreover, that the gluconate space-time yield was up to 61.3 g/L/h—36-fold increase when compared with unregulated gluconate synthesis. Collectively, these findings identified reaction conditions that use H2O2 as an oxygen precursor for suppling oxygen, thus guiding the design of an enzymatic reaction that using oxygen for its enzyme catalyzed system.

Caragana korshinskii and Tamarix ramosissima are pioneer shrubs for water and soil conservation and windbreak and sand fixation in arid and semi-arid areas. Understanding the water use patterns of C. korshinskii and T. ramosissima and their response to rainfall is of great importance for their survival in regions where drought occurs. In this work we present the monitoring results of stable isotopes in soil water (depths from 0 to 200 cm), twig xylem water of juvenile, intermediate, and adult C. korshinskii and T. ramosissima. The monitoring campaign took place in western Chinese Loess Plateau from July to October 2020. During the same period, we also measured relevant environmental and meteorological variables and soil water content. The results showed that juvenile and of intermediate age C. korshinskii both mainly absorb water from the surface (0–10 cm) and shallow (10–40 cm) soil layers, but adult C. korshinskii use mainly water from the deep soil layers. Juvenile and of intermediate age T. ramosissima extract water from deep soil layers, while adult T. ramosissima use mainly water from middle (40–100 cm) soil depths. Both plant species increase the proportion of surface and shallow soil layer water after precipitation. This increase is more pronounced and faster for the C. korshinskii of intermediate age rather than for juvenile and adult plants. On the contrary, it is the absorption of surface and shallow soil water from juvenile and of intermediate T. ramosissima plants that fluctuates more after precipitation than from adult plants. Our findings provide a reference for vegetation restoration and ecological management of the western Chinese Loess Plateau.

Although Conogethes punctiferalis and Conogethes pinicolalis have reported on morphology and molecular identification, the molecular biology differences between the two species in different diets are still unknown. In this work, we investigated the difference in the biological process of the two species by the methods of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics. The results showed that the expression of 74,611 mRNA in the transcriptome, 391 proteins in the proteome, and 218 metabolites in the metabolome had been significantly changed between the two species, and the KEGG results showed the data were mainly closely related to metabolism and redox. Moreover, based on integrating system-omics data, we found that the α-amylase and CYP6AE76 gene have mutations between the two species. Different sequence analysis results may differ significantly in their exact substrate preference and product profile, which indirectly leads to the different detoxification or metabolism ability, and the gene expression of relevant was also confirmed by the qPCR and enzyme activity test. These findings in the two species and integrated networks provide beneficial information for further exploring the molecular mechanism of polyphagous and oligophagous.

Background: Inequities in stillbirth rate according to ethnicity persist in high income nations. Objectives: To investigate whether causes of stillbirth differ by ethnicity in high-income nations. Search strategy: Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Global Health databases since their inception to 1 February 2021. Selection criteria: Cohort, cross-sectional, and retrospective studies investigating the causes of stillbirth in various ethnic groups. Data collection and analysis: Systems of classification and causes of stillbirth were aligned to the International Classification of Disease 10 for Perinatal Mortality (ICD10-PM) and pooled estimates were derived by meta-analysis. Main results: Fifteen reports from 3 countries (72,555 stillbirths) were included. Seven ethnic groups – “Caucasian” (n = 11 studies, n = 37,578 stillbirths), “African” (n = 11 studies, n = 17,883 stillbirths), “Hispanic” (n = 7 studies, n = 12,810 stillbirths), “Indigenous Australian” (n = 4 studies, n = 1,117 stillbirths), “Asian” (n = 2 studies, n = 15 stillbirths), “South Asian” (n = 2 studies, n = 55 stillbirths), and “American Indian” (n = 1 study, n = 27 stillbirths) – were identified. There was an overall paucity of recent, high-quality data for many ethnicities. For those with the greatest amount of data – Caucasian, African, and Hispanic – no major differences in the causes of stillbirth were identified. Conclusion: There is a paucity of high-quality information on causes of stillbirth for many ethnicities. Improving investigation and standardising classification of stillbirths is needed to assess whether causes of stillbirth differ across more diverse ethnic groups.

This article deals with the approximation properties of the integral modification of the exponential type operators with the weight of α-Baskakov basis function. We estimate the moments and establish Voronovskaja type result in simultaneous approximation. We also estimate the convergence and error estimation of the operators by the power series method. In addition, the convergence of these operators has been shown graphically for some functions.

Abstract Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to claim victims around the world, and Iran is no exception from this ravage. Vaccine development led to growing optimism regarding control of COVID-19. Vaccine acceptance by the majority of the population is important for the success in controlling COVID-19. This study assessed the attitude of Iranian population toward COVID-19 vaccination. Also, the adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccines on vaccinated individuals were reported. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2021 among Iranian population. The data was collected using the online researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 16 questions in 3 sections. Results: The questionnaire was filled out by 916 people in total. The majority of participants had 40-65 years old (N:480, 52.4%). More than half of participants were from health care team (N:543, 59.3%). The majority of participants trusted the vaccine and said they would inject it (N:582, 63.5%). However more than 80% of participants preferred non-domestic vaccines over Iranian ones. Potential adverse effect following vaccination was the main concern of responders (N:576, 62.9%). The most common adverse effects reported by vaccine recipients were temporary fatigue and muscle pain (N:313, 71.95%). The level of education, academic area and area of practice in the health system were significantly associated with the positive response to COVID-19 vaccination (P-value 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.004 respectively). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Iranian health authorities should provide clear information about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, especially domestic types, to increase public confidence and awareness regarding vaccines.

In this paper, we investigate two families of fully coupled linear Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE). Within these families, one could get the same well-posedness of FBSDEs with totally different structures. The first family of FBSDEs are proved to be equivalent with respect to the Unified Approach. Thus one could get the well-posedness of the whole family if one member exists a unique solution. Another equivalent family of FBSDEs are investigated by introducing a linear transformation method. By reason of the fully coupling structure between the forward and backward equations, it leads to a highly interdependence in solutions. We are able to lower the coupling of FBSDEs, by virtue of the idea of transformation, without losing the well-posedness. Moreover, owing to the non-degeneracy of the transformation matrix, the solution to original FBSDE is totally determined by solutions of FBSDE after transformation. In addition, an example of optimal Linear Quadratic (LQ) problem is presented to illustrate.

In this article, a new hesitancy fuzzy similarity measure is defined and then used to develop the matrix of hesitancy fuzzy similarity measures, which is subsequently used to classify hesitancy fuzzy graph using the working procedure. We build a working procedure (Algorithm) for estimating the eligible reputation scores values of experts by applying hesitancy fuzzy preference relationships (HFPRs) and the usual similarity degree of one distinct HFPRs to each other’s. As the last step, we provide numerical examples to demonstrate and validate our working procedure.

This paper is deal with the unique solvability of Bitsadze- Samarskii type nonlocal boundary value (NBV) problem for the semi-linear elliptic equation in a Hilbert space. For the approximate solution of this problem, rst and second order of accuracy difference schemes are presented. The convergence estimates for the solutions of these dierence schemes are established. A numerical example illustrating the methods described in this paper is given.

BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but little is known regarding the value of exosome miRNA combined with real-time three-dimensional spot tracking echocardiography (RT3D-STE) between ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). AIM To analyze the correlation between exosomal miRNA and strain parameters of RT3D-STE. METHODS The present study collected plasma samples from thirty-four patients with AMI, and employed high-throughput sequence technology and Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs. The pearson correlation coefficient is used to measure the strength of a linear association between differ-expressed miRNAs and strain parameters of RT3D-STE. RESULTS Twenty-eight difference expressed plasma exosomes miRNAs were identified in STEMI Compared with NSTEM. Among them, there are ten miRNAs (miR-152-5p, miR-3681-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-193b-5p miR-345-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-365a-3p, miR-4520-2-3p, hsa-miR-193b-3p and hsa-miR-5579-5p) with a Pearson correlation greater than 0.6 with RT3D-STE strain parameters. Target genes of these ten miRNAs are analyzed for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment, and they were found to be mainly involved in the cellular metabolism processes and HIF-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These ten xosomal miRNA combined with RT3D-STE may have important value in STEMI and NSTEMI.

Background：Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a necrotizing vasculitis which involves small- and medium-sized vessels. It is associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with a perinuclear staining pattern (p-ANCA). The kidney and lung are the organs primarily affected. MPA is rare in children, and easily misdiagnosed. In this work we describe a complete course of this disease. Case presentation: An 11-year-old girl with a one-month cough and hemoptysis, showed no improvement after imipenem-cilastatin treatment. P-ANCA, and microscopic haematuria and proteinuria, were positive, and a chest CT revealed an area of shadow in bilateral lower lobes of the lungs. Renal biopsies revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis. MPA was diagnosed based on these observations. The patient showed dramatic clinical and imaging improvement after immunosuppressive treatment. Conclusion: The organs and systems most affected by MPA in children, are the lungs (about 80%), kidneys (about 80%), cutaneous involvement (about 20%), nervous system involvement (about 16%), and gastrointestinal involvement (about 16%). Reasonable care should be taken in examining those patients, while biopsies of the kidney or any other of the organs remain the gold standard for diagnostic purposes. Pulmonary involvement may be the initial symptom of MPA, which is often misdiagnosed as pneumonia and antibiotics are used at the beginning of the disease. Patients with hemoptysis should undergo a comprehensive examination, including urine routine, to determine whether there is renal involvement, and an immunological index detection to determine whether it is an autoimmune disease.

Unconventional T cells exist as minor subsets of T cells in peripheral blood. Despite their low number they play a crucial role in various immune-mediated diseases such as inflammation, autoimmunity, allergy, and cancer. Gender-based frequency of these cells altogether on the large number of healthy individuals are unestablished creating hurdles to manifest association with various immune-mediated pathological conditions. In this study, we used a multicolor flow cytometric panel to identify iNKT cells, γδ T cells, and MAIT cells altogether in a total of 94 healthy adult males (44 ± 14 years) and 109 healthy adult females (45 ± 14 years), peripheral blood samples of the Caucasian population. The results revealed iNKT cells in females were 0.273 ± 0.506, higher in number than in males 0.189 ± 0.518 and found to be negatively correlated with age in females. Whereas γδ T cell frequency in males was 3.513 ± 3.048, higher in number than females 2.783 ± 2.657 and each gender was negatively correlated with age. MAIT cells didn’t show any statistically significant difference between genders and were found to be negatively correlated with age. The results of our finding could be used for further gender-wise investigation of various pathological conditions such as cancer and their prognosis, autoimmune diseases, allergies and their pathogenicity.

Purpose: To examine the biological behavior and effects of ILT4 on monocytes in sepsis and explore the corresponding molecular regulatory mechanism. Materials and Methods: ILT4+/+ (WT) and ILT4-knockout mice (ILT4−/−) male BALB/c mice were used for sepsis modeling using CLP. Flow cytometry was used to measure the levels of expression of ILT4 and MHC-II on monocytes. ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. And exogenous IL-6 and anti-IL-6 mAb are used to control the biological activity and concentration of serum IL-6 to observe the centering effect of IL-6. Results: ILT4 was highly expressed on monocytes 24 h after CLP (p<0.05). MHC-II expression on monocytes of ILT4−/− mice was significantly higher than in WT mice (p<0.05). And the survival of ILT4−/− mice was significantly better after CLP compared than in WT mice. Serum IL-6 was significantly elevated 24 h after CLP (p<0.05), which was significantly suppressed after ILT4 ablation (p<0.05). Subcutaneously injection with exogenous IL-6 made the monocytes of the ILT4−/− mice after CLP to maintain low proportion of MHC-II-expressing monocytes. Conclusions: ILT4–IL-6–MHC-II is involved in the biological regulatory mechanism by which monocytes functionally dissimilation in sepsis.

We present a 54-year-old woman who had a 3-day history of acute chest pain due to an emotional trigger. Electrocardiogram, blood test, and cardiac imaging consisted of a diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with pericardial effusion. Her cardiac function recovered after treatment, and the pericardial effusion was corrected by low-dose colchicine.

Introduction Syria has been suffering war for 10 years and COVID-19 added particular stress to people. Medical students are more prone than general population to anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) which we are going to assess in this study. Methods This is a cross-section study that used online questionnaires were distributed in Social Media groups that included medical students. They included demographics, Zung self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Yale-Brown OCD Scale (YBCOS). Results Overall, 180 participants were included, of which, 67 (37.2%) were males. Females and interns had higher OCD scores compared with males and more junior students p<0.05. OCD scores were not associated with social status, work, smoking, residency status, or having chronic diseases. Factors that were associated with higher anxiety scores were female gender and smoking p<0.05. In contrast, anxiety had no significant association with social status, residence status, academic year, work, and chronic diseases. Anxiety scores were not correlated with the consumption of tea, coffee, mate, or alcohol. OCD scores were also not correlated with coffee, mate, or alcohol consumption, but they were significantly correlated with tea consumption. When using regression, OCD and anxiety were associated with only sex, smoking and with each other. Conclusion These numbers were not higher than most of other studies. Further studies are needed for further evaluation to determine the cause whether it was from war having equal effect on mental health or COVID did not affect people as much in Syria.