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Predicting the loss to follow-up (LTFU) of AIDS patients in China using a recency-fre...
Min Li
Qunwei Wang

Min Li

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
Constructs and verifies a recency-frequency (RF) model for predicting the loss to follow-up (LTFU) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in China. We exported the full data of AIDS outpatients in the research unit from August 2009 to September 2020 as the observation dataset, from September to December 2020 as the prediction dataset. The data cleaned to obtain one data element per person. The classic recency-frequency-monetary (RFM) model was expanded into RFM, RF, RFL and RFML models (L: length of treatment cycle), using the k-means for model construction and C5.0 for verification to the best predictive model. The best predictive model was subjected to two rounds of k-means clustering. In the retained data were randomly divided into a training set (70%) and a testing set (30%). The artificial neural network algorithm was used to predict the LTFU of AIDS patients and the confusion matrix was used to evaluate the performance. The observation dataset included 16,949 elements and the prediction dataset had 10,748 elements. In the best predictive model, an RF model with a quality of 0.82. A retained of 13,799 data elements were retrained and randomly binned into a test set and a verification set, the accuracy rate were100.0%. LTFU of AIDS patients was predicted in the prediction set with a correct rate of 99.89% and the accuracy and precision were 85.41% and 99.76%, respectively. The RF model verified using a neural network algorithm is effective, reliable and feasible to predict the LTFU of AIDS patients in China.
ILDR1 promotes influenza A virus replication through binding to PLSCR1
Yueyue Liu
Shuqian Lin

Yueyue Liu

and 11 more

January 31, 2024
As a natural antiviral regulator, phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) has been shown to inhibit influenza virus replication in infected cells through interacting with NP of influenza A virus (IAV). But its antiviral function as well as the underlying regulatory mechanism has not been examined in vivo. In the present work, we show that PLSCR1 expression is decreased in H1N1 SIV-infected mice, and Plscr1-/-mice are more susceptible to H1N1 SIV infection. By performing yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified immunoglobulin-like domain-containing receptor 1 (ILDR1) as a novel PLSCR1-binding partner. ILDR1 is highly expressed in the lungs, and its expression level is increased after virus infection. Interestingly, ILDR1 could not directly interact with virus NP protein, but could combine with PLSCR1 competitively. Our data indicates that there is a previously unidentified PLSCR1-ILDR1-NP regulatory pathway playing a vital role in limiting IAV infection, which provides novel insights into IAV-host interactions.
Hyperdynamic Left Atrial Appendage May Increase the Risk of Perforation During Left A...
Steven Filby
Salvatore  Savona

Steven Filby

and 4 more

January 31, 2024
Introduction: Delayed pericardial effusion following WATCHMAN FLX implantation is not well understood. We present a case series of two patients with hyperdynamic left atrial appendages (LAA) who developed delayed pericardial effusions following WATCHMAN FLX™ implantation. Methods: Successful left atrial appendage closure was performed in 2 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using the WATCHMAN FLX™ device. Both patients had hyperdynamic left atrial appendages noted during their procedures. Intra-procedure course was uncomplicated. Results: Delayed pericardial effusion occurred necessitating drainage in both cases. Conclusion: While exact mechanisms remain unclear, sinus rhythm and the presence of a hyperdynamic LAA may play a role. Understanding the interaction of the appendage and the delivery system may help to reduce the likelihood of this rare, but serious, complication. Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Left Atrial Appendage Closure; Pericardial Effusion; Pericardiocentesis.
Transvenous lead extraction, epicardial lead implantation and simultaneous left atria...
Simon Pecha
Johannes Petersen

Simon Pecha

and 5 more

January 31, 2024
A 78-year old male patient with a left-sided superior vena cava presented with systemic device infection and atrial fibrillation. Transvenous lead extraction was successfully performed. Due to a previously difficult endovascular left-ventricular (LV) lead implantation and pacemaker dependency, an epicardial LV-lead was implanted via minimally-invasive left-lateral thoracotomy. Simultaneously, due to AF, left-atrial appendage closure using an epicardial clip was performed through the same access. The patient was discharged with a wearable defibrillator and scheduled for a CRT-D upgrade eight weeks later. An implantation of new transvenous RV- and RA lead was performed and the existing left-ventricular epicardial lead was used.
Novel compound heterozygous COL3A1 variants are associated with Vascular Ehlers-Danlo...
Xiangnian Li
Shengjie Liao

Xiangnian Li

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
Aim: Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (vEDS) is an autosomal- dominant inherited disorder result on collagen type III alpha-1 chain (COL3A1) gene mutation. vEDS is associated with a decreased life expectancy due to spontaneous arterial, intestinal, and uterine rupture. The diagnosis of vEDS is supported by genetic testing confirming the presence of pathogenic variations in COL3A1. Although how COL3A1 mutation in the precise mechanism can lead to the multiple vascular involvements seen at a pathological level remains unclear. COL3A1 encodes the Collagen alpha-1(III) chain in humans. The alterations in content and properties of type III collagen, can lead to organ fragility. Genome sequencing revealed heterozygous COL3A1 variants (c.4223C>T p.F1408S ) as likely genetic cause of vEDS in this present case. Methods: We assessed the young adult diagnosed with Stanford A aortic dissection without a history of hypertension and undertook Sanger sequencing. Results: We identified novel compound heterozygous variant in COL3A1: a missense- c.4223C>T p.F1408S Conclusion: Given the clinical phenotype and identified variants we suggest that this is the first patient reported to date with vEDS due to c.4223C>T mutations in COL3A1.
Health workers' perception and emotions of teleconsultation in pediatric cancer care
Pierluigi Calò
Amandine Bertrand

Pierluigi Calò

and 6 more

January 31, 2024
Background and aims: During the first lockdown of the novel Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), we developed a teleconsultation model to replace in-person visits. We conducted a survey-based study with the aim to evaluate satisfaction and emotions of health workers (HWs), to assess the feasibility of teleconsultations and to evaluate technical issues. Methods: This is a prospective monocentric exploratory study in which data were collected from March until May 2020 in the Lyon Pediatric Hematology and Oncology institute (IHOPe). We realized synchronous, video-based consultations between HWs and pediatric patients, treated for blood or solid malignancies or blood benign diseases. Every HW completed an online, pseudo-anonymized questionnaire which covered technical aspects, data concerning satisfaction, perception of the quality of the interaction with the patient and emotions felt after the teleconsultation. A score was calculated for each aspect. In order to study the relationship between the scores, the correlation coefficient method was used. Results: Eleven specialists participated in the study and we selected 84 questionnaires. With a satisfaction rate of 74%, HWs felt mostly calm (80%), relaxed (70%), stress-free (69%) and relieved (65%). We calculated the following median scores: an overall satisfaction score of 6.67 (0-10), a global feeling score of 8.79 (3.33-10.00), and a quality score of 7.34 (2.50-10.00). A strong correlation between the quality of the teleconsultation and the satisfaction of the HWs has been highlighted (r = 0,588). Conclusion: Our series is an encouragingly positive experience from the perspective of the HWs, their feelings and perceptions.
Long-term Hydrological Simulation of a Himalayan River watershed, Uttarakhand using S...
Dilip Kumar
Kuldeep Singh Rautela

Dilip Kumar

and 4 more

January 31, 2024
A large population depends on runoff from Himalayan rivers. They provide enough water for drinking, domestic, industrial, and irrigation. Also, these rivers have a high hydropower potential. A lack of in-depth studies has made it difficult to understand how these rivers respond hydrologically to climate change and, thus, impact the environment. In this paper, modelling the Alkhnanda river system using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been conducted to understand the hydrological response and assess its water balance components. The result shows that the basin’s water yield and Evapotranspiration (ET) vary from 58-63% and 34-39% of precipitation, respectively. The amount of lateral runoff contributed by snowmelt to the Alkhnanda River ranged from 20-24%. SFTMP, TLAPS, SMTMP, CN2, SMFMX, and GW_DELAY is found most sensitive at the significance level less than 0.05, shows the contribution of the snowmelt is significant in streamflow while delay in the groundwater will affect the contribution of surface runoff and groundwater in the streamflow. Based on the results, it is highly recommended that the study area’s spatial and temporal hydro-meteorological data be strengthened to improve modelling.
High-resolution exploration of mRNA expression during development in Daphnia mitsukur...
Xiuping Zhang
Wenwu Yang

Xiuping Zhang

and 5 more

January 31, 2024
We generated RNA-seq data for the water flea Daphnia mitsukuri at five developmental stages, including the embryo and representative post-embryonic stages in the life cycle. Embryos showed a large number of unique and highly expressed genes, mainly related to DNA replication, differentiation, morphogenesis and the Hippo signaling pathway. Post-embryonic stages showed an enrichment of transcripts for genes involved in chemosensory perception, visual perception, cuticle formation and antioxidative defense. These specific highly expressed transcripts at post-embryonic stages are essential to help Daphnia to respond to current or likely environmental stresses. Our data provide a high-resolution view of transcriptome dynamics throughout development of Daphnia, a model organism for ecology and evolution.
An upwind-block-centered finite difference method for a semiconductor device of heat...
Yirang Yuan
Changfeng Li

Yirang Yuan

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
The mathematical model is formulated by a nonlinear system of initial-boundary problem including four partial differential equations: an elliptic equation for electrostatic potential, two convection-diffusion equations for electron concentration and hole concentration, a heat conduction equation for temperature. The electric field potential is solved by the conservative block-centered method, and the first order of the accuracy is improved by the electric potential. The concentrations and temperature are computed by the upwind-block-centered difference method. The block-centered method is used to discretize the diffusion. The upwind difference is applied to approximate the convection to avoid numerical dispersion and nonphysical oscillation. The block-centered difference simulates diffusion, concentrations, temperature, and the adjoint vector functions simultaneously. It has the local conservation of mass. An optimal order error estimates is obtained. Numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness and viability of this method.
Enhancement of chlorine on Pd catalyst for H2O2 in-situ synthesis in electro-Fenton s...
Linhui Lu
Qingli Shu

Linhui Lu

and 5 more

October 28, 2021
Palladium-based catalyst has been widely employed in electro-Fenton process for in-situ generation of H2O2. However, the selectivity to H2O2 achieved so far is still far below application level. In this work, a series of Cl-FePd/γ-Al2O3/Al catalysts were prepared by a three-step-impregnation method, exhibiting excellent activity in H2O2 in-situ synthesis and high efficiency in phenol degradation. The characterization results showed that the Cl could assist in increasing the content of Pd0 and reducing the isoelectric point of catalyst, leading to the dramatic promotion in synthesis of H2O2. Moreover, theoretical calculation and kinetics further demonstrated that the Cl doping could facilitate the main reaction in H2O2 synthesis, as well as inhibit side reactions, including the dissociation of O-O bond, hydrogenation and decomposition. Furthermore, plausible mechanism and degradation pathways were elaborated based on ESR and GC-MS results. These findings illustrate the value of palladium-based Cl-FePd/γ-Al2O3/Al catalyst in its application in electro-Fenton process.
Cancer does not wait: safeguarding care for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia pa...
Julia  Colunga-Pedraza
Perla Colunga-Pedraza

Julia Colunga-Pedraza

and 10 more

January 31, 2024
Introduction: Safeguarding care of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant challenge to health systems. We documented continuity (timeliness and compliance) of curative treatment in pediatric ALL patients, and the incidence and outcomes of patients infected with SARS-Cov2 in our institution. Materials and methods: We included all ALL patients aged <16 years who received treatment in “Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio Gonzalez” from March 2020 to June 2021. The causes of non-compliance and the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 were reported. Results: We analyzed 553 visits from 89 patients with ALL. Chemotherapy administration was timely and compliant with our treatment protocol in 83% (n=459) of the records reviewed. Treatment continuity goals of ≥80% were achieved for all treatment phases, except for the consolidation (66%) and intermediate maintenance phases (60%). The main causes of treatment delays or treatment modifications included lack of financial resources (2.5%), lack of inpatient beds (1.8%) and chemotherapy stock-outs (1.3%), and the treatment abandonment rate was 3.3%. Twenty-two patients (24.7%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Of these, seven (32%) developed pneumonia, five (22.7%) required oxygen, and two (9%) developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome. For patients with COVID-19, the median length of stay was 9.5 days, and the 30-day mortality rate was 4.5%. Discussion: The continuity of curative treatment for ALL in the context of COVID-19 was >80% in our hospital. Adapting diagnosis and treatment protocols and implementing strategies to minimize the risk of infection were fundamental to safeguarding continuity care for cancer patients.
Does age impact adverse events in adolescents and young adults treated with PEG-aspar...
Lesleigh Abbott
Maia Claveau

Lesleigh Abbott

and 4 more

January 31, 2024
Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer have less favorable outcomes than other populations for lymphoid malignancies. Pediatric patients have a better survival rate for lymphoid malignancies and current evidence suggests that asparaginase plays a role in improved response to treatment. This study aimed to evaluate if AYA patients at a pediatric hospital were more likely to experience PEG-asparaginase (PEG-ASP) related adverse events than younger patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review from 2007-2017 was conducted in the pediatric population at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO). Only patients having received PEG-ASP were included. Event incidence and risk related to age at diagnosis was assessed through parameter estimates and Wald Chi Square analysis. Results: In total, 75 adverse events were observed: 34/186 (18.3%) experienced allergic reactions, 8/186 (4.3%) pancreatitis, 31/186 (16.7%) thrombosis and 2/186 (1.1%) hemorrhage. 182 patients had complete information for inclusion in in our model. A correlation between age at diagnosis and higher risk of allergic reaction (p<0.001) and pancreatitis (p<0.035) was observed. Conclusion: Allergic reaction and pancreatitis upon administration of PEG-ASP have a higher risk of occurrence as age of diagnosis increases. This includes the AYA population and warrants precaution as PEG-ASP is included in older populations treatment regimens at pediatric centers.
Novel post-translational modifications of human serum albumin
Surya Kannan
Roopesh Krishnankutty

Surya Kannan

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma, has many physiological functions, and is in contact with most of the cells and tissues of the human body. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) may affect functions, stability, and localization of albumin. Here we report the identification of 61 novel PTMs of human serum albumin (HSA). Phosphorylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, deamidation, methylation, acetylation, palmitoylation, geranylation, and farnesylation are examples of the identified 31 types of PTMs. Mass spectrometry was used for the identification of PTMs in a purified HSA and HSA from human plasma. Three-dimensional modeling of albumin with selected PTMs showed the location of these PTMs in the regions involved in interactions of the albumin with drugs, metals, and fatty acids. The location of PTMs in these regions may modify the binding capacity of albumin. This report adds 61 novel PTMs to the catalog of human albumin.
Risk of preeclampsia among women exposed to H2S emission due to sargassum stranding i...
Donatien BAHEZRE
Alice MONTHIEUX

Donatien BAHEZRE

and 5 more

January 31, 2024
Objective: Our objective was to determine whether chronic exposure to ambient H2S due to sargassum strandings is associated to increased occurrence of preeclampsia in Martinique, a French Caribbean Island. Design: Observational case control study Settings and population: Data for this study derive from 25/01/2016 to 31/07/2020 births database of the University Hospital of Martinique. Methods: Women were considered exposed to H2S if living and/or working in cities along the Atlantic coast of Martinique known to be impacted by sargassum strandings. Main Outcome Measures: Primary endpoint was occurrence of preeclampsia as defined by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy in 2018. Secondary endpoint was preeclampsia free survival time, which was defined by the number of months free of preeclampsia between the 20th and 37th week of amenorrhea. Results: In the exposed population, median H2S concentration, averaged across pregnancy length, was 300 ppb (IQR H-spread 197). There were no differences (p=0.20) in preeclampsia incidence rate between H2S exposed (n=623) and non-exposed (n=2367) pregnant women during the follow-up period (7.5% versus 6.1%, respectively). Time to preeclampsia between the 20th and 37th week of amenorrhea was shorter (p=0.02) in H2S exposed compared with non-exposed pregnant women (median=30.9 months - IQR 8.6 versus 32.9 months - IQR 6.0, respectively) Conclusions: We found that onset of preeclampsia was earlier in women living and/or working in areas impacted by sargassum seaweed strandings compared with non-exposed pregnant women. Funding: None
A novel OsmiR535-OsSPL7-OsNramp5 regulatory module mediates cadmium accumulation in r...
Er-Kui Yue
Songlin Ruan

Er-Kui Yue

and 5 more

January 31, 2024
Cadmium (Cd) is a strong toxic heavy metal pollutant, which poses a serious threat to plant development. Thus, it is vital important to understand the molecular mechanism of Cd accumulation, as to help reduce its potential toxicity to crops and maintain food security. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as critical gene regulators, participating in almost all abiotic stress processes. MiR535 is an ancient conserved miRNA, can be highly induced in the low concentration of Cd, but its biological functions in Cd stress is still unclear. In this study, we discovered that the OsSPL7 served as the main target gene of miR535. Moreover, rice overexpressing miR535 (OE535) promoted root length and Cd content, in contrast, plants knockout miR535 (mir535) and overexpressing OsSPL7 (SPL7myc) both had a reduced root length and Cd levels under Cd stress. Further, more Cd was translocated from rice husk to brown rice in OE535 plants but less translocated in mir535/SPL7OE plants. Most interesting and importantly, OsSPL7 could directly bind to the promoter of a major Cd transporter gene OsNramp5, and repress its transcripts levels to mediate Cd absorption. Collectively, this provides a new insight into the molecular basis of rice response to Cd stress by the miR535-SPL7-Nramp5 pathway.
Rainfall-induced premature senescence modulates biochemical and essential oils profil...
Narendra Kumar
Dipayan Ghosh

Narendra Kumar

and 3 more

January 31, 2024
Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér is an important aromatic plant. The essential oil is secreted in the glandular trichomes distributed mainly on the leaves. In India, P. graveolens is growing only in specific climatic conditions due to the susceptibility of plants to rainfall, high humidity and waterlogging stress. This study aims to analyze rainfall-induced premature senescence in P. graveolens at six phenotypic leaf senescence stages. The physiological and biochemical parameters, cell viability, trichomes density, essential oil yield and variation in chemical constituents were evaluated. Results show a significant increase in chlorophyll-a and b, and a decrease in anthocyanin content. Also, the protein content, MDA, SOD, H2O2, catalase, electrolyte leakage was significantly higher, and cell viability decreased with the progression of senescence. The gland density on leaves was reduced during the advancement of senescence. The GC and GC-MS analysis showed that the senescence significantly modulates oil constituents and oils yield (0.048 to 0.123 %) at different senescence stages. Overall, this study confirms that rainfall induces premature senescence in P. graveolens, significantly affecting essential oil yield and constituents.
Existence of ground state solutions for generalized quasilinear Schr\”{o}dinger equat...
Yanfang Xue
Liju Yu

Yanfang Xue

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
This article is concerned with the existence of positive ground state solutions for an asymptotically periodic quasilinear Schr\”{o}dinger equation. By using a Nehari-type constraint, we get the existence results which improve the ones in Shi and Chen [Comput. Math. Appl. 71, 2016, 849-858]. Moreover, we give an application of our results, which extends the results in Li [Commun. Pure Appl. Anal. 14, 2015, 1803-1816].
A comprehensive mathematical model of memory-TFT threshold voltage shift used in a TS...
ghkarimi
Soraya Rastegar

Gholamreza Karimi

and 1 more

January 31, 2024
New emerging nano-scale technologies like hydrogenated noncrystalline-silicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) and memristors, fabricated at low temperatures and over large areas, permit low-cost processing and 3D integration with CMOS cores. Here, we aim to propose a mathematical model which explains the memory-TFT threshold voltage shift due to the gate bias instability. Then, based on this mathematical approach, we propose a novel learning synapse composed of a voltage/flux driven memristor in parallel with a common-source memory-TFT with a memristive load. The proposed device realizes the triplet-based spike-timing-dependent plasticity rule (TSTDP) as a more realistic form of learning than the purely pair-based STDP (PSTDP). PSTDP is a synaptic learning rule which utilizes a constant-frequency pairing protocol to induce synaptic weight change and cannot explain the modification due to the frequency changes of spike pairs, and also the outcomes of triplet and quadruplet experiments. However, TSTDP improves the learning capabilities of the conventional PSTDP and reproduces the results of more electrophysiological experiments. In this paper, we apply various spike patterns like different-frequency and different-timing spike pairs, spike triplets, and quadruplets to the proposed device. Our simulations confirm a close match with the experimental data sets of real biological synapses.
Insights from longitudinal patterns of local extinction and colonization in giant pan...
Junfeng Tang
Ronald Swaisgood

Junfeng Tang

and 13 more

January 31, 2024
With the Sixth Mass Extinction becoming an increasingly intractable juggernaut, it is vital to understand the patterns and drivers of local extinction and colonization events of at-risk species under global change. Here, we examine whether observed local colonization and extinctions of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) during three time periods (1985-1988, 1998-2002, 2011-2014) are correlated with protected area status, local rarity and abiotic factors (i.e., climate and land-use variables). We observed a decreased rate of local extinction and a relatively stable rate of local colonization through time, and fount that (i) local extinctions were more likely and local colonization less likely in areas with high local rarity, harsh abiotic (e.g., low proportion of forest cover) and unprotected area status, and (ii) the relative importance of these factors changed over time. These findings provide insights into the factors governing panda recovery and showcase how conservation action can reverse fortunes and facilitate species recovery.
Sleep patterns and screen time in US school children during the first 6 months of the...
Amanda Hassinger
Alberto Monegro

Amanda Hassinger

and 2 more

January 31, 2024
Objective: This study compared sleep duration, screen exposure and sleep quality in school-aged children before COVID-19 to that during school closures and again when schools re-opened in fall 2020. Study design: Cross-sectional anonymous, online survey of parents of children 5-13 years old. Methods: Questions elicited information about sleep timing and quality, screen time, and schooling at three distinct periods: before the pandemic, when schools first closed in March 2020 and then re-opened in the fall. Results: Respondents described 101 children who were an average of 8.5 years old and 51% male. In lockdown, children slept an average of 25 minutes more (95%CI 00:13-00:38) due to delays in bedtime by 29 minutes (95%CI 0:00-0:58) and wake time by 75 minutes (95% CI 0:57-1:34). When schools re-opened, sleep duration returned to pre-pandemic levels, but sleep onset and offset times remained later. Despite more sleep, sleep quality and habits (e.g. bedtime refusal) worsened during lockdown and did not normalize in fall 2020. During lockdown, screen time increased in 65% of all children, and 96% of those in private schools. When school reopened in the fall, 78% of children in hybrid/virtual learning had screen time over 4 hours daily. Less daily screen time was associated with 2-fold higher odds of better sleep (OR 2.66, 95%CI 1.15-6.14). Conclusions: Although, school-aged children had an increase in sleep time when schools were closed, sleep quality and habits worsened. Upon return to school, sleep times and sleep quality did not normalize and were related to increased screen time.
Protective effects of Panax ginseng against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in p...
Malihe Hamidian
Farzaneh Foroughinia

Malihe Hamidian

and 4 more

January 31, 2024
BACKGROUND: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy increases the risk of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. This prospective study evaluated the beneficial role of ginseng supplementation in alleviating doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity besides declining left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in breast cancer patients. METHODS: Thirty women with non-metastatic, HER-2 negative early breast cancer were enrolled into the study. Participants received ginseng (1 g/day) or placebo in conjugation with standard anticancer therapy. Echocardiographic measurements were assessed at baseline, after the final cycle of anthracycline therapy (4th cycle), and at six months of chemotherapy (8th cycle). High-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) was assessed at baseline and after the 4th cycle. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a drop in LVEF of ≥ 10% from baseline in patients whose LVEF was ≥ 50%. RESULTS: A significant difference in LVEF changes were observed from baseline to the 4th cycle (-1.3 ± 1.1% vs. -5.27 ± 0.8%, p-value = 0.006) and from baseline to the 8th cycle (0.8 ± 1.3% vs. -7.3 ± 1.4%, p-value < 0.001) between ginseng and placebo groups, respectively. None of the patients in the ginseng group developed cardiotoxicity during the study period. In contrast, 1(6.7%, p-value = 0.5) and 5 (33.3%, p-value = 0.02) patients in the placebo group developed cardiotoxicity after the 4th and 8th cycles, respectively. No significant difference was found regarding hs-cTnI levels between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, prophylactic use of ginseng supplement may provide protection against doxorubicin-induced early cardiotoxicity as well as early decline in LVEF in breast cancer patients.
Different performing trees manifest varied scaling relationships at individual and br...
Guiwu Zou
Kang Xu

Guiwu Zou

and 4 more

January 31, 2024
Competition is an important factor influencing the structure and dynamics of plant communities, and understanding species coexistence. Tree architectural traits, such as height-to-diameter (H-D) and branch length-to-diameter (L-d) relationships influence species competitiveness through affecting light capture by altering the occupation of space. Unfortunately, little is known about how the H-D and L-d scaling allometric exponent related to tree performance (growth vigour) in competition. We surveyed 1739 (1642 living and 97 dead) individual trees from an even-aged dense aerial seeding forest of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana), in which 51 trees with 1087 first-order branches were destructively sampled. Using the H-D and branch L-d scaling data, we determined (1) whether the H-D scaling exponent numerically differed across different levels of tree performance, and (2) whether the L-d scaling relationship differed across tree performance and branch vertical position in crowns. The results indicate that (1) the H-D scaling exponent numerically decreased as tree performance deteriorated; (2) the L-d scaling relationship differed across tree performance, and the numerical value of the scaling exponent of “inferior” trees was significantly larger than that of “moderate” and “superior” trees; (3) the L-d scaling exponent declined as branch position approached ground level, and it was significantly higher in upper branches; and (4) overall, the branch scaling exponent numerically decreased as tree vigour ameliorated in each canopy layer, but decreased significantly only in the intermediate layer. This study highlights the variation within (and linkage among) length-to-diameter scaling relationships across tree performance at the individual and branch levels. This linkage provides novel insights into tree competitive strategies and potential mechanisms of tree mortality in the competition of subtropical forests.
rhFGF18 restrains osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency through promoting MC3T3-...
Haishan  Tian
Pan Lu

Haishan Tian

and 7 more

January 31, 2024
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect and the underlying mechanism of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18 (rhFGF18) on postmenopausal osteoporosis. The effect of rhFGF18 on the proliferation of osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 and its related mechanism were examined. The oxidative stress model of MC3T3-E1 was established using hydrogen peroxide to evaluate the protective effect of rhFGF18. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell apoptosis, while the protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 were detected by Western blotting. Furthermore, we performed ovariectomy (OVX) on ICR mice to imitate estrogen-deficiency postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone metabolism and bone morphological parameters in OVX mice were evaluated. Our in vitro study showed that rhFGF18 promoted MC3T3-E1 cells proliferation by activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 instead of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNKs). rhFGF18 prevented cell damage from oxidative stress via the inhibition of apoptosis. After rhFGF18 administration, the expression level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was upregulated, whereas pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 were all downregulated. Administrating rhFGF18 also improved bone metabolism and bone morphological parameters in OVX mice. Thus, rhFGF18 can effectively prevent bone loss in OVX mice by enhancing osteoblastogenesis and protects osteoblasts from oxidative-stress-induced apoptosis.
Soil Water Resources Utilization Limit by Red Plum Apricot
zhongsheng guo

zhongsheng guo

January 31, 2024
:Red plum apricot is a deciduous fruit tree and the best cash forest in semiarid loess hilly regions. Since 1995, the distribution area of red plum apricot spreads in the most of the water-limited regions, China. The yield, benefits and plantation area of red plum apricot increase dramatically. But along with the growth of red plum apricot tree, soil drying appeared and sometime become sever,which influence the yield,quality and benefits of red plum apricot. At this time, the relationship between the soil water and red plum apricot growth must be regulated on Soil Water Resource Use Limitation by Plant and Soil Moisture Carrying Capacity for Vegetation. However, there are few studies on the regulation theory. In this study, daily precipitation, soil water suctions at different soil water content were measured, and the maximal infiltration depth and the soil water resource use limitation by red plum apricot was estimated. The results show that wilting coefficient varies with soil depth from 7.98 in surface soil to 7.1% in 240 cm soil depth, and the maximal infiltration depth is 290 cm, and Soil Water Resources use limit by red plum apricot is 212.7 mm. When the soil water resource in the maximal infiltration depth is lower than the limit, the relationship between the soil water and red plum apricot vegetative growth must be regulated in Red Plum Apricot plantation for high quality production of red plum apricot.
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