Background: Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy is a commonly used imaging modality in the pediatric population. The radiopharmaceuticals which have the effects of ionizing are used in this method. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the Tc-99m DMSA scan on renal oxidative stress and mononuclear leukocyte DNA damage. Methods: Twenty-seven patients who performed Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy were included in this study. Three ml heparinized blood samples were taken just before, during, and after a week from the scintigraphy. Mononuclear leukocyte(MNL) DNA damage, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status(TOS) were measured in blood samples. The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. The spot urine samples were taken from each patient before and within three days after performing the scintigraphy. TAS/Creatinine(TAS/Cr), TOS/Creatinin(TOS/Cr), and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase/creatinine(NAG/Cr) levels were measured in urine samples. OSI was calculated. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the values of TAS, TOS and OSI studied in serum samples between controls and study group(p=0.105, p=0.913, and p=0.721, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of TAS/Cr, TOS/Cr, NAG/Cr, and OSI which were studied in urine samples before and after scintigraphy scan(p=0.381, p=0.543, p=0.129 and p=0.08 respectively). The levels of DNA damage were increased only after the performance of the scintigraphy scan and decreased a week later(p<0.05). Conclusions: The effect of Tc-99m DMSA scintigraphy is insufficient to create oxidative damage, but it can cause DNA damage via the direct impact of ionizing radiation which can be repaired again in a short time. Keywords: Tc-99m DMSA, DNA damage; reactive oxygen species; renal tubular injury; children

Objectives The aim of the present study is to develop and validate the COVID-Q, a novel symptom questionnaire specific for COVID-19 patients, to provide a comprehensive and standard clinical evaluation. A secondary goal of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the COVID-Q in identifying subjects at higher risk of being tested positive for COVID-19. Material and methods 460 subjects (230 COVID-19 cases and 230 healthy controls), answered the COVID-Q. Parallel Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were used to identify clusters of items measuring the same dimension. The IRT-based analyses evaluated the functioning of item categories, the presence of clusters of local dependence among items, item fit within the model and model fit to the data. Results Parallel analysis suggested the extraction of six components, which corresponded to as many clinical presentation patterns: asthenia, influenza-like symptoms, ear and nose symptoms, breathing issues, throat symptoms, and anosmia/ageusia. The final IRT models retained 27 items as significant for symptom assessment. The total score on the questionnaire was significantly associated with positivity to the molecular SARS-CoV-2 test. Subjects with multiple symptoms were significantly more likely to be affected by COVID-19 (p < .001). Older age and male gender also represented risk factors. None of the examined comorbidities had a significant association with COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion The application of the novel COVID-Q to everyday clinical practice may help identifying subjects who are likely to be affected by COVID-19 and address them to a nasopharyngeal swab in order to achieve an early diagnosis.

Aims: To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the impact of high visceral adiposity index on female sexual dysfunction (FSD). We aimed to show the impact of increased levels of visceral adiposity index (VAI) on FSD compared to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Methods: We included 158 participants in two groups: Group 1 (n=68 with normal sexual function) and Group 2 (n=90 with sexual dysfunction). Demographic, clinic data, presence of metabolic syndrome (MeTS) and comorbidities were recorded. The BMI, WC and the visceral adiposity index were calculated. Sexual function was assessed using the female sexual function index (FSFI). Results: The mean age and all the anthropometric variables were similar between the groups (p>0.05). Metabolic syndrome was associated with lower arousal and lubrication scores than those without metabolic syndrome (p=0.023). The higher VAI was associated with lower desire, lubrication and orgasm scores (p<0.05). Each integer increase of the VAI weakly predicted decrease of desire (p=0.015), arousal (p=0.015), lubrication (p=0.005) and satisfaction (p=0.046). Conclusion: The VAI was linked with lower scores in some female sexual function subdomains, but the correlation coefficient was low, indicating a weak association. Further studies with a higher number of participants are needed to conclude that the VAI may increase the risk of FSD, particularly in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Flaxseed may be beneficial for the management of obesity due to its high content of alpha-linolenic acid, fiber, and lignans. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of Flaxseed consumption on serum lipids, adiponectin, leptin, and weight loss in overweight or obese women. Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial involved 60 overweight or obese women. Participants were randomly allocated to two groups; a) a balanced diet plus 30 g/day milled Flaxseed and b) a balanced diet plus 30g/day milled rice (as control group), for 12 weeks. Anthropometric indices, serum lipids, leptin, and adiponectin levels were measured at baseline and at the end of intervention. Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, there were significantly higher reductions in waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) (both P<0.05) in the flaxseed group compared to the controls. Moreover, adiponectin level was significantly increased in the flaxseed group (17.15±6.1) compared to the controls (16.83±10.5), (P=0.001). However, there were no significant differences in serum lipid levels between the study groups before and after the intervention (all p>0.05). Conclusion: Flaxseed consumption may improve adiposity markers, as well as adiponectin levels Thus, flaxseed consumption could be an adjunctive therapy to attenuate central obesity. Serum lipid profile has not changed significantly after flaxseed consumption. Keywords: obesity, flaxseed, adiponectin, Leptin, blood lipids

Background: This longitudinal cohort study aimed to examine the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland on parents of children with externalising difficulties, in comparison to parents of children without such difficulties. Method: Parents of 159 children completed online self-report measures at three time points during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic; 1) Delay and Mitigation Phase (March 2020 - May 2020), 2) Reopening of Society Phase (June 2020 – July 2020), and 3) Wave 2 Case Acceleration Phase (September 2020 - October 2020). Participants were allocated to the Clinical group if they met the clinical cut off point on the Conduct or Hyperactivity/Inattention subscales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at Time 1. Results: Parents of children with externalising difficulties experienced significantly higher levels of stress, lower levels of wellbeing, and engaged in higher levels of avoidant-focused coping strategies longitudinally. There was a significant difference between outcomes at the different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, for stress related to parenting, personal/family stress related to the impact of the COVID-19, and type of coping strategies employed. Children with externalising difficulties, in comparison to children without externalising difficulties, showed significantly greater adjustment over time for behavioural and emotional difficulties. Conclusions: Results provide important information regarding the trajectory of psychological outcomes in parents of children with externalising difficulties over the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for increased parental supports during, and after, the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is usually a complication of deep vein thrombosis and is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a secretory protein that plays a role in the remodeling of blood vessels and the lymphatic system. This study aimed to determine the relationship between VEGF-D level and clinical risk scoring in patients with PE. Methods: The study included 117 patients admitted for PE that were divided into 4 groups: high-risk patients (n=35), high-intermediate-risk patients (n=30), low-intermediate-risk patients (n=24), and low-risk patients (n=28). Plasma VEGF-D was measured from peripheral venous blood samples (5 cc) using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Pulmonary Artery Obstruction Index (PAOI) was calculated from CT angiography imaging. Results: VEGF-D levels in the low-risk PE group differed significantly from those in the high-intermediate and high-risk groups (p=0.001 for both) but not from that in the low-intermediate-risk PE group (p=0.155). There was no significant difference in troponin-I and NT-proBNP levels between the high-intermediate-risk and high-risk PE patients, whereas VEGF-D levels differed significantly (p=0.134, p=0.146, p=0.016). VEGF-D level was moderately correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure and PAOI (r=0.481, p=0.01; r=0.404, p=0.01). In ROC curve analysis, a cut-off of 370.1 pg/ml for VEGF-D had 91.4% sensitivity and 67.4% specificity in the differentiation of high-intermediate-risk and high-risk PE patients. Conclusion: This study showed that plasma VEGF-D level was more reliable than troponin-I and NT-proBNP in clinical risk scoring and demonstrating thrombus burden. VEGF-D can be used as a biomarker in clinical risk scoring and estimation of thrombus burden in patients with acute PE.

Background: The nonclassic presentation of pediatric celiac disease (CD) becomes increasingly common in daily practice, which requires an awareness of its extraintestinal clinical findings. To evaluate eye involvement and effect of gluten free diet on ocular involvement in pediatric CD patients by measuring the thicknesses of choroid and ganglion cell complex(GCC) composed of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: Forty-three CD patients aged between four and 16 years (mean age;9.9 ± 4.1, 12 boys and 31 girls), and 48 healthy children (mean age; 11.3 ± 4.1,17 boys and 31 girls) were compared. Following comprehensive eye examinations, thicknesses of choroid at three points and GCC layers (RNFL at five points, GCL and IPL) were obtained using EDI-OCT. Measurement of thicknesses of choroid and GCC layers by a trained EDI-OCT technician and an ophthalmologist who were not aware about group of children in pediatric CD patients with one year gluten free diet. Results: All layers of subfoveal, nasal, temporal choroid were significantly thinner in CD than in the control group (p < .001, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively). No significant difference were observed between the CD and control groups in terms of GCC thicknesses (p > .05). Conclusion: Pediatric CD causing thinning of subfoveal, nasal and temporal areas of choroid, and this change is apparent even after one year gluten free diet. This extraintestinal involvement should be more closely screened at diagnosis and long term clinical results of thin choroid should be determined. Thicknesses of GCC layers were not different in CD group may be revealing the effect of diet or not involvement.

Objective: To analyze the serum markers for the early diagnosis of intestinal anastomotic leak (AL) after the gyne-oncological operations. Methods: Between September 2017 and March 2021, patients with an intestinal anastomosis performed during the gyne-oncological surgeries were identified from a tertiary center in Turkey. As the local guideline of the clinic, all these patients were followed by measuring serum samples including procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) on postoperative day (POD) 1 through the day of discharge or the day of re-operation for AL. Results: 12.5% (5/40) of the patients suffered an AL and 4 of them were re-operated. The mean albumin values on POD 3-4 and the mean platelet values on POD 1 were lower in the AL group (p<0.05). Although it was not statistically significant (p>0.05), median PCT values (ng/mL) on POD 8-10 were higher in the AL group compared with no leak group. The best cutt-off point for PCT on POD 9 was determined to be 0.11 ng/mL (AUC: 0.917, Sensitivity = %100.0, specifity = %66.7, positive predictive value = %66.7, negative predictive value = %100.0). Conclusion: Serum PCT and CRP concentrations were not found to be helpfull for the early diagnosis of AL in patients operated for gyne-oncological malignancies. Low levels of albumin and platelets in the first days after the operation may be clue for a possible AL.

Aim Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is an especially common cause of pain during pregnancy. Treatment options during pregnancy are very limited in order to reduce pain and increase the quality of life. We aimed to determine the efficacy of kinesiotaping (KT) in the treatment of sacroiliac joint pain in pregnant women. Methods A total of 50 pregnant women with sacroiliac joint pain were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups as KT and sham KT groups. Women in the KT group underwent a total of five weeks of KT once per week; the sham KT group also underwent five weeks of KT applications, but without tension in the kinesiotape. Patients were assessed before and five weeks after the treatment with a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) for disability and quality of life. Results The KT and sham KT groups were similar in terms of age, parity, gravidas, gestational week, and body mass index. At the beginning of the study, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in their VAS, RMDQ, or PGQ scores. Five weeks later, the KT group showed significant improvement in all parameters, but no significant differences were observed for the sham KT group in terms of VAS, RMDQ, or PGQ. Conclusions KT treatment improved the pain levels, functioning, and quality of life among pregnant women with sacroiliac joint pain. Keywords Sacroiliac joint pain; Pregnancy; Kinesiotaping

Objective: De Quervain tenosynovitis is the most common cause of lateral wrist pain. The diagnosis can be made with the Finkelstein test when pain is provoked with wrist ulnar deviation. Conservative treatment including rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication and physical therapy is applied first, then there may be a need for corticosteroid injections, and in resistant cases, surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neural therapy (NT) on pain and hand functions in patients with De Quervain tenosynovitis. Methods: A total of 36 patients admitted between May 2019 and March 2020 were randomly assigned to neural therapy (NT) and control groups. Hand rest and thumb spica splint were applied to all the patients, and NT interventions to the NT group only. A visual analog scale (VAS) and the Duruöz Hand index (DHI) were used to measure pain and functionality at baseline, then at 1 and 12 months after the end of the treatment. Results: The NT and control groups both showed improvements in VAS and DHI scores at 1 and 12 months compared to baseline. The VAS scores were significantly lower at both 1 and 12 months compared to baseline in the NT group. The DHI scores were lower in the NT group at 1 month, and at 12 months there was no significant difference between the two groups. No adverse effects were seen in any patient. Conclusion: NT seems to be effective in reducing pain and improving hand functions in patients with De Quervain tenosynovitis.

Background: Obesity is a global issue. Energy density (ED) can influence on body compositions (BCs). Consumption of HED (high energy density) foods can increase body fat mass (BFM) and inflammatory markers. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research among 391 women. Body composition analyzer (BIA) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess BCs and food intake of individuals. Blood samples and serum level of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 (PAI-1) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-beta) were collected. ED per one gram of foods were calculated and divided to quartiles. Linear logistic regression tests were used to investigate the association between BCs across quartiles of ED intake. Results: Results demonstrate skeletal muscle mass (SMM), total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), fat free mass (FFM), visceral fat area (VFA) and fat free mass index (FFMI) was seem to be under the effect of hs-CRP among ED intakes. TBW, extracellular water (ECW), FFM with PAI-1, bone mineral content (BMC) with PAI-1 and TGF-beta, and Skeletal lean mass (SLM) with hs-CRP were inversely associated. Fat right arm (FRA), fat right arm (FLA), fat right and left leg (FRL,FLL), fat trunk, TBW, ICW, ECW, BFM, FFM, SMM, SLM, waist circumference (WC), FFMI and FMI were positively under the influence of TGF-beta after following higher ED food intakes. FRA, FLA, FRL, FLL, fat trunk, ICW, BFM, SMM, SLM, WC, FFMI and FMI were positively under the influence of PAI-1. Conclusion: All adipose tissue content of subcategories of BC were strongly associated with ED intake in the mediatory role of PAI-1 and TGF-beta.

At present, no research work has been done on the immediate cognitive reappraisal mechanisms that allow emotion regulation during an intra-operative emergency. This letter discusses the importance of cognitive re-appraisal mechanisms in the regulation of fear during Neurosurgical emergencies.

Background: Injury represents 260,000 hospitalisations and $27 billion in healthcare costs each year in Canada. Evidence suggests that there is significant variation in the prevalence of hospital admissions among ED presentations between countries and providers but we lack data specific to injury admissions. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of potentially low-value injury admissions following injury in a Canadian provincial trauma system, identify diagnostic groups contributing most to low-value admissions and assess inter-hospital variation. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study based on all injury admissions in the Québec trauma system (2013-2018). Using literature and expert consultation, we developed criteria to identify potentially low-value injury admissions. We used a multilevel logistic regression model to evaluate inter-hospital variation in the prevalence of low-value injury admissions with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). We stratified our analyses by age (1-15; 16-64; 65-74; 75+ years). Results: The prevalence of low-value injury admissions was 16% (n=19,163) among all patients, 26% (2136) in children, 11% (4695) in young adults and 19% (12,345) in older adults. Diagnostic groups contributing most to low-value admissions were mild traumatic brain injury in children (48% of low-value pediatric injury admissions; n=922), superficial injuries (14%, n=660) or minor spinal injuries (14%, n=634) in adults aged 16-64, and superficial injuries in adults aged 65+ (22%, n=2771). We observed strong inter-hospital variation in the prevalence of low-value injury admissions (ICC=37%). Conclusion: One out of six hospital admissions following injury may be of low-value. Children with mild traumatic brain injury and adults with superficial injuries could be good targets for future research efforts seeking to reduce health care services overuse. Inter-hospital variation indicates there may be an opportunity to reduce low-value injury admissions with appropriate interventions targeting modifications in care processes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sjögren syndrome is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease characterized with lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands, frequently manifested by dryness in the region affected. Although the most common extraglandular involvement in SS is pulmonary involvement. Early diagnosis and treatment is considered to be important. It was aimed to evaluate the frequency of early lung involvement, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings and data of pulmonary function test (PFT) in SS in this study. Material-Method: Thirty five patients diagnosed with SS and referred by the Department of Rheumatology to determine potential lung involvement to the 8th chest diseases outpatient clinic of our hospital between September 2015 and December 2018 were included in this study. Respiratory signs, demographic features, length of disease and treatment regimens, PFT, data of 6-minute walk test (MWT) and findings of HRCT of the patients were retrospectively obtained from hospital information system and patient files. Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.4 ± 9.2. The majority of the patients were women (94.3%). When the HRCT findings were evaluated, 28 (80%) patients had CT findings, while 7 (20%) patients had no CT findings. The most common HRCT findings found in patients were peribronchial thickening (48.6 %), ground glass appearance (28.6%) and prominence in interstitial scars. Conclusion: We think that the evaluation of HRCT and PFTs in patients diagnosed with SS for assessing early pulmonary involvement will be guiding in terms of follow-up and treatment.

Objective:After radical prostatectomy,prostate-specific antigen(PSA) value measuring ≥0.1ng/ml is defined as persistent PSA(pPSA) and in many studies,it was found to be associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis.Our aim in this study is to point out the pathological and clinical factors affecting pPSA among the patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP) in an experienced academic center and to make a nomogram,predicting pPSA value based on operative data,useful. Methods:We examined records of 1273 patients who underwent RARP retrospectively. Preoperative,operative,and postoperative data were collected.Based on the PSA values (ng/ml) measured after 4-to-8 weeks of RARP,patients were divided into 2 groups as pPSA group (Group1)(n=97) with PSA values ≥0.1ng/ml and undetectable PSA group (Group2)(n=778) with PSA values <0.1ng/ml.Later on,Group1 was further divided into Group1a (PSA:0.1-0.2ng/ml) and Group 1b (PSA≥0.2ng/ml) to evaluate biochemical recurrence(BCR). Results:Multivariate logistic regression analyses of the collected data revealed that PSA>20ng/ml,operation time,a postoperative international society of urological pathology (ISUP) grade of ≥4, pT 3-4, and pN were independently associated with pPSA.According to the results, a nomogram predicting pPSA was developed(Table 4).By looking at the nomogram pPSA was found in 98.9% of the cases with a PSA value of ≥20ng/ml, an operation time of 150 minutes, a postoperative ISUP grade of 4-5, a positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI) status, pT3-T4, and pN+; while pPSA was found in 25.5% of the cases with a PSA value of <20 ng/ml, an operation time of 100 minutes, a postoperative ISUP grade of <4-5, a negative LVI status, pT<3-4, and pN-.The estimated BCR-free survival time was 16.3 months in Group 1a and 57.0 months in Group2 (p<0.001).Adjuvant treatment ratio was 64.9% in Group1 and 7.1% in Group2 (p<0.001). Conclusion:For the patients who underwent RARP,factors associated with aggressive disease can predict the PSA persistence.To plan our treatment modalities accurately,an applicable nomogram in daily practice would be useful.

Background This study aimed to examine the hemogram parameters, including the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is fast, easy and practical to determine, in stroke patients who present with more physiological stress and inflammation and compare them with patients presenting other neurological diseases. Methods The demographic, laboratory and imaging features of all patients who were admitted to the Neurology Service within a three-year period and met the study criteria were retrospectively analyzed. A hemogram from peripheral venous blood samples was taken at the time of admission, and the NLR was calculated. Results A total of 3,152 patients, 1,604 of whom were women (50.9%), with a mean age of 66.1 ± 14 (18-100) years who were hospitalized in the neurology clinic between January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2018, comprised the study’s sample. Mean age, mean leukocyte-neutrophil count and NLR were significantly higher in stroke patients than in those without stroke (p <0.001, p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively), but mean red blood cell, platelet and lymphocyte counts, and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were found to be significantly lower (p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). When the hemogram parameters were compared according to stroke type, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit and NLR values in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.019, p = 0.002, p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively) and platelet and lymphocyte values in ischemic stroke patients were found to be significantly higher (p = 0.002 and p <0.001, respectively). Conclusion In this study, significant data obtained by comparing the hemogram parameters of those with stroke and other neurological diseases are presented. All neurological diseases, especially acute stroke and its types, should be examined in future prospective, randomized and controlled studies with all hemogram parameters, especially the NLR (low cost)

Objectives Diagnostic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic forced the radiology regulating body to adopt the use of CT Chest as a triage and diagnostic tool, which was subsequently abandoned. The Royal Wolverhampton hospital followed both protocols. Here, we investigate the evidence behind this decision within the context of surgical admissions during the COVID-19 peak in our hospital. Methods Retrospective data collection and analysis of all surgical admissions between the 1st of March to the 31st of May. Data was collected from the radiology and electronic portal looking into patients undergoing CT chest to diagnose the presence of C-19 as well as swab results. Results 78 patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The scan either confirmed the presence or absence (4, 63 patients) of C-19 but was sometimes inconclusive (11 patients). Comparing these to the results of the swabs; CT showed sensitivity 42.86 %, Specificity 97.92%, and accuracy 90.91 %. In the inconclusive CT report group, chances of having a positive swab result were 45%: None of the scan results changed any of the surgical planning. Lymphocyte count in the context of surgical presentation did not have any statistical significance to predict the presence of C-19 (P=0.7). Cost implications on our cohort of patients for adding the chest CT is estimated to be around £31,000. Conclusion CT Thorax during the pandemic was a good negative predictor but had limited diagnostic value and did not change patient management. Newer, faster techniques of PCR swabs and antibody testing would be a better and cheaper alternative. Advances in knowledge This paper provides evidence to support the decision from the regulatory bodies not to use CT scan as a screening tool for COVID 19 diagnosis.

Objective: Abdominal hernia repair is a common surgery, with 15% of patients presenting as incarcerated hernias. In these cases, early diagnosis of intestinal ischemia and necrosis is crucial for mortality and morbidity. Biomarkers that can predict ischemia or necrosis status are vital. In this study, we aimed to reveal the roles of basic blood parameters in determining ischemia or necrosis status. Methods: The patients were divided into three groups as normal bowels (Group I: 24 patients), intestinal ischemia without necrosis (Group II: 31 patients), and Group III who underwent bowel resection because of necrosis (10 patients). Patients’ demographic characteristics and blood parameters were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 65 patients operated for incarcerated abdominal hernias. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, comorbidity, or complications (p>0.05). The highest length of stay was observed in Group III (p<0.001). There were significant differences between the groups in terms of serum white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte (LYM), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP/LYM levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: Preoperative WBC, neutrophil, NLR, urea, creatinine, and total bilirubin levels can be used to predict the onset of intestinal ischemia. Serum creatinine, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lipase levels can be used for bowel resection.