Invasive alien plant species have garnered increasing global attention due to their profound environmental impacts,ecological disruptions,and significant economic consequences.Henan Province,located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,serves as a critical ecological barrier in central China.In recent years,invasive plants have adversely affected local biodiversity and the integrity of native ecosystems in the region.Moreover,future climate change is expected to reduce the climatic suitability of many invasive species.In this study,we identified 34 malicious invasive alien plant species in Henan Province,spanning 12 families and 25 genera.We used the Maximum Entropy modeling (MaxEnt) approach to predict the potential geographic distributions of 17 malicious invasive alien plant species.Our research results indicate that the potential geographical distribution areas suitable for malicious alien invasive plants are mainly concentrated in the western and southern regions of Henan Province.Currently,the potential distribution area of all 17 malicious alien invasive plant species accounts for 18.42% of the province’s total area.By 2050,this area is projected to decrease to between 17.27% and 15.99%,with the greatest reduction of 13.17% expected under the highest greenhouse gas emission scenario.In addition,malignant alien invasive plants are expected to expand from low to high altitudes in the future,and the centroid of suitable habitats is projected to shift southwestward.This study provides a scientific basis for assessing the risk of introduction and spread of invasive alien species in Henan.It also offers valuable guidance for biodiversity conservation,ecosystem protection,and sustainable development in the face of ongoing environmental change.