Background: Living in a food desert is associated with a higher prevalence of childhood asthma. There is a lack of information regarding the impact of living in a food desert during infancy on vitamin E levels and lung development. Objective: Determine if living in a food desert during the first three months of life is associated with altered α- and γ-tocopherol, and infant lung measurements. Methods: Pulmonary function, serum tocopherol concentration, and food desert status from infants within the Indiana High-risk for Atopy in Neonates Cohort through Early life (INHANCE) were analyzed. Because α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol have opposing functions, with the ideal combination being high α-tocopherol/low γ-tocopherol, quadrants of α-tocopherol/γ-tocopherol were assessed for association with food deserts and pulmonary function tests. Results: At 3 months of age, lung volumes were lower in children living in food deserts (FVC: p=0.006; FEV0.5: p=0.008). None of the infants with the ideal tocopherol combination lived in a food desert compared to the other 3 quadrants with less ideal tocopherol combinations (p=0.04). Infants with the ideal tocopherol combination had higher FRC (p=0.006) and FEV0.5 (p=0.025) z-scores than infants in the other 3 quadrants. Conclusion: Not living in a food desert is associated with the highest α- and lowest γ-tocopherol levels at 3 months of age. Living in a food desert is associated with lower lung function; higher lung function is associated with the highest α-tocopherol and lowest γ-tocopherol levels. Prospective trials are needed to determine if these links persist into adulthood, and if they can be modified with dietary intervention.