Recent advancements in cancer treatment, including targeted therapy, personalized vaccines, immunotherapy, and bacteriotherapy have shown promising potential in the curing of many kinds of cancer. The pursuit of innovative therapeutic approaches is impeded by many enduring challenges, such as substantial toxicity towards healthy tissues and cells, limited penetration into cancerous tissue depths, and the risk of tumor cell resistance to drugs. This study examination personalized vaccines, immunotherapy, CRISPR/CAS9, and bacteriotherapy as potential treatments for cancer. The potential use and benefits of a personalized cancer vaccine approach, which can induce a systemic antitumor response, are noteworthy for individuals diagnosed with cancer. Sources were collected through thorough searches of databases PubMed and Embase. The personalized cancer vaccines induce tumor-specific responses against neoantigens specific to each patient. Immunotherapy has reinvigorated the science of tumor immunology. Nevertheless, it is important to note that the efficacy of immunotherapies varies, and only a certain group of individuals with cancer get positive outcomes from interventions such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell transfer (ACT). Immunotherapy enhances the ability of the immune system to detect and destroy cancer. checkpoint inhibitors and cellular immunotherapy are robustly studied and use in various clinical trials. Bacteriotherapy has shown efficacy in promoting tumor regression and inhibiting metastasis. Bacteriotherapy, alone or in combination with traditional techniques, has been demonstrated to reduce tumor growth and metastasis. Using bacteria-assisted tumor-targeted therapy as therapeutic/gene/drug delivery vehicles present promising tumor treatment potential. The use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system for genome editing has shown encouraging outcomes in the pursuit of novel therapeutic approaches. Although CRISPR/Cas9 has shown potential in experimental settings, its use for cancer therapy in human subjects is still in its early stages. A gene-level tumor may be treated using CRISPR/Cas9. CRISPR/Cas9-targeted drugs may change tumor therapy.