The Changbai Mountains, stretching an impressive 1,300 kilometers in length and 400 kilometers in width, renowned for their typical mountain forest ecosystem in East Asia. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of the seasonal dynamics of macrofungi communities in forests. For this study, 17 investigation sites were utilized, comprising 219 samples. The aim was to explore the relationships between macrofungi composition and tree species, season, terrain, and climate in the northeast China. In all plots, 11,593 specimens were obtained and 1,392 species were identified. While the macrofungal composition (macrofungi types and functional groups) remains consistent across various forest vegetation types, seasons, and regions, we finding revealed that variations among dominant tree species (Q. mongolica), Primary season (July and August) and Major mountains (Southern and Northern Branches of Changbai Mountains), there is a strong aggregation in the community structure and distribution of macrofungi. It is observed that the presence of Q. mongolica in the forest positively correlates with an increase in the abundance and diversity of macrofungi, especially ectomycorrhizal fungi. The seasonal dynamics revealed that the distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi (31.9%), wood-rotting fungi (9.77%), and soil-rotting fungi (13.15%) were the predominant types in the Q. mongolica forest, with the highest species abundance observed in August and July. Moreover, the similarity of species decreased as the transition occurred from the main branches of the Changbai mountainous range to the remnant branches. Our findings indicate an ecological trade-off, wherein the primary taxa of macrofungi exhibit comparable seasonal distributions and habitat selectivity. Given the significance of forest type and trees as influential factors in fungal community diversity and richness, it is imperative to investigate various macrofungal distribution patterns in forests as a research priority to guide conservation efforts in the Changbai Mountains. These would be beneficial in preserving the diversity of macrofungal communities.