Traditional paper medical records face challenges like lack of standardization and limited searchability. This review explores challenges in adopting and implementing Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in Southeast Asia. EMRs enhance information accuracy and aid clinical decision-making. Operationally, they generate critical healthcare statistics. Understanding barriers to EMR implementation in Southeast Asia is crucial for improving healthcare delivery. A narrative review using online databases focused on studies between 2008 and 2023 in English, covering Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand. Challenges vary by country. The most common challenges highlighted were the high cost of EMR implementation, lack of training, insufficient information technology personnel support, poor acceptance of new technology, confidentiality concerns, and privacy concerns. EMR implementation in Southeast Asia signifies healthcare modernization. Challenges persist, requiring sustained efforts for inclusive development. EMRs represent a crucial element in progressing towards effective, accessible, and patient-focused healthcare. Sustainable initiatives are essential for consistent technological advancements and improved healthcare outcomes.