Background. Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cancer is often very stressful, but there is significant variability in youth psychosocial outcomes, and many children report coping well. Understanding what factors influence resilience in pediatric cancer patients is vital to supporting those at greatest risk for adverse psychological outcomes. This narrative review aimed to describe individual, family, and contextual factors predictive of higher resilience following a pediatric cancer diagnosis. Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted in four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and Academic Search Complete). Results. The search resulted in 1356 unique records, with 34 of those meeting inclusion criteria. Resilience-enhancing factors included contextual factors such as family cohesion, strong parent-child relationships, and social support. Factors related to children’s individual strengths included adaptive coping strategies, positive attitudes toward illness, optimism, hope, and ego-resilience. Discussion. These resilience factors are potentially modifiable and can inform how clinical care nurses and other practitioners care for children with cancer and their families. Future studies would benefit from further examining person-based or multilevel analytic approaches and prospective designs investigating resilience of pediatric cancer patients and survivors.