As one of the commonest diseases, respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the major causes of high morbidity and mortality among children, especially recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs). RRTIs can lead to prolong the recovery period, increase the cost and induce complications. 15-lipoxygenases (15-LOXs) have two isoenzymes: type 1 and type 2 (15-LOX-1, 15-LOX-2), which has been proved to be key mediators in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we analyzed the expression of 15-lipoxygenase isoenzymes and inflammatory cytokines in children with RRTIs, to determine their roles in active inflammation.