Abstract Background. The evaluation of long-term inflammatory response and function in postoperative patients with aortic valve replacement (AVR) deserves special analysis because it is important to try to prevent reoperation and improve durability and functionality of the prostheses. Methods In this study we included a cohort of patients with aortic valve damage treated by AVR with mechanical prosthesis, bioprosthesis and we included a control group. Results. We found that IL-4 and OPN levels were higher in patients with mechanical vs. biological prostheses (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04 respectively), OPG levels were decreased (p = 0.01), women had lower levels of ET-1 and IL-6, (p = 0.02) (p = 0.04) respectively. Patients older than 60 years had decreased levels of IL-1ß p <0.001) and a higher concentration of IL-4 p < 0.05). IL-1ß, OPG and TNFα were higher in patients with less than 5 years of evolution versus more than 10 years (p = 0.004, p = 0.02 and p = 0.03 respectively). Factors such as age, gender, prosthetic, and elevated IL-1B and ET-1 levels are associated with valve dysfunction prosthetic. These results indicate that the inflammatory involvement present prior to valve replacement may be perpetuated by various factors in the long term. Conclusions The findings provide us with the opportunity to effectively treat patients with AVR in the postoperative period, which could prolong the functionality of the bioprostheses.