Rationale, aims, and objectives: In Japan, many older people hope to receive end-of-life care at home. In such situations, team-based home medical care with the support of on-call physicians is needed. However, to date, necessary competencies for the on-call physicians have yet to be clarified. This article aims to reveal the competencies for on-call physicians in home medical care settings. Method: This was a qualitative study of semi-structured interviews concerning competencies for on-call physicians in home medical care. This study evaluated digitally recorded interviews with eight homecare professionals in seven homecare facilities (three clinics, one hospital, and three nursing agencies) in Tenri City, Japan. The transcribed data were analyzed by three researchers using theme analysis. Results: The core competencies were divided into the following six categories: clinical skills for frequent complaints, sharing patients’ information in advance, an attitude of humility, understanding purposes of homecare, understanding general roles of homecare nurses, and thoughtfulness toward patients and their families. Conclusion: This study revealed six competencies for on-call physicians, classified into technical or non-technical skills in home medical care. These competencies could contribute to developing effective learning for on-call physicians who support home medical care.