Fresh flowers of Prunus mume var. alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link were used as the experimental material which extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Used the gas chromatography flight mass spectrometry (GC- Q-TOF/MS) to separate and identify the chemical constituents of Prunus mume var. alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link. Sixty-five volatile components of Prunus mume var. alphandii were identified by gas chromatography flight mass spectrometry, the relative content of the components weredeterminated by area normalization. One hundred and forty four volatile components of Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link were identified by gas chromatography flight mass spectrometry, the relative content of the components weredeterminated by area normalization. For the identified components，terpenoids were the main volatile composition of the two kinds of flowers, including oxygen derivatives, terpenes, terpene alcohols, terpene esters and a handful of aliphatic compounds. The experimental results showed that the components of Prunus mume var. alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link were quite different, so the use value of two kinds of flowers should be discriminatory. The study provides a theoretical basis for classification of the two kinds of flowers and for the development and utilization of them. ….