Bangladesh's ages old Bengali culture and heritage started from its language. Bangladesh has appeared as an independent country not long ago. It had to pay millions of lives within short period of time for its independence from Pakistan. This study will try to focus on the root cause which had affected the public perceptions and mobilise them towards war and defined their cultural identity. This article also discusses culture, cultural and political identity and their relationship in changing political thought and lastly the development of Bengali cultural identity into a political one in Muslim majority Bangladesh.