This paper examines two key questions to put the COVID-19 pandemic into a broader perspective: What does our past tell us about pandemics? What can it teach us for the future? Moreover, the paper considers three independents but interconnected analytical perspectives. The first one is about advancing our species on the planet and examining the great technological transformations from a historical viewpoint. The second perspective consists of a reflection on food taboos and their relationship to biodiversity issues and zoonotic processes. The third perspective involves a thoughtful exploration of big men, multilateralism, and the society of risk. In addition to overcoming the pandemic’s economic impact, the main challenges of the post-COVID-19 world will be overcome by its ideological implications and the need to strengthen both multilateralism and scientific and technological cooperation solidarity among people.