This conceptual paper deals with how the public depends on the media during a crisis like the current COVID-19 pandemic, whether they prefer traditional media for information or would go with the new media trends for their information seeking and sharing regarding the COVID-19 crisis at hand.

Coined in the early 1940s by Katz and Blumler (1974), the uses and gratifications theory deals with understanding why people use certain types of media, what needs do they have to use them, and what gratifications do they get from using them. Historically, the theory was first introduced to understand why people chose to consume the various forms of media that were present at the time in 1940s.

Theories are mostly invented and built to address questions relating to “why” things happen the way they do. this paper therefore discusses the nature of theory in qualitative and quantitative research approaches.

This paper reviews the two prominent research approaches (mixed and multimethod). it gives the pros and cons of each and distinguishes what each one means and why it should be chosen and used in research studies.

Education activities have embraced difficulties and challenges in managing their students who reside at respective learning institutions since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. with this age of digital information flow, anyone can share any information related to any issue and in any way they want because of the free access to information that is proving to be inalienable. The main aim of this paper is to find out the strategies that students used in managing COVID-19 miss information during the present Covid crisis. The study uses the situational crisis communication (SCCT) theory to help in guiding the study and explaining the strategies that might have adopted by students in distancing themselves from the fake news regarding the Covid crisis to survive at campus with the right information. A qualitative research approach using the interview as the method with an interview schedule as the tool for data collection was used in this study. Responses were extracted from IIUM students for this study. The findings of the study reveal that students used both university sources and social media to get relevant information related to Covid19. Also, to counter miss information, they would check with the information supplied by the university to counter the fake news that was circulating regarding the Covid crisis. The situational crisis communication theory guided the study well.

the study compares media freedoms as they are practiced by comparing both islamic and western perspectives

Women in general have been marginalized and represented with all sorts of images in the media. Specifically, when it comes to how muslim women are pictured especially in the western media, there have been different portrayals that researchers have come across during their multitudes of research studies. The present study is another addition to the already available literature on how muslim women are portrayed in the western media by content analyzing the portrayals in the New York times and the Guardian of the United Kingdom. In particular, the study seeks to examine the ways in which Muslim Women are portrayed in the New York Times and the Guardian's news coverage as well as determining the frames that the two news organizations use in portraying Muslim women in coverage of their news stories regarding their affairs. The study adopted a qualitative content analysis and uses the framing theory to guide the discovery of the findings. 49 stories portraying muslim women in the different ways were discovered after perusing through the two online news organizations. The findings of the study indicate that muslim women in the two sampled news media are portrayed as terrorists specifically because of their dress code where on several occasions the news organizations refer to them as Al-Qaida's and extremists in the way they practice their religion. Therefore, the major portrayal of muslim women lies on the negative aspects that are reported in the organization's media stories. In addition, among the dominant themes in the two news media regarding the way the frame their stories while reporting on muslim women include being financially oppressed, terrorists, extremists, un educated, house wives and sexual objects for men. In the end, framing theory is also supported in the study.

The purpose of this study is to assess the 2014 Cadbury controversy through the framework of the Theory of planned behavior. The study examined how Cadbury IMC campaign changed the attitudes, behaviors and the perceived behavioral control of the audience towards purchasing Cadbury chocolates. Content analysis was employed to analyze the Cadbury IMC video campaign that circulated widely during the saga in addition to the Cadbury social platforms that aided in data collection. Themes like Quality standards, halal certification, ingredients and supervision were generated from the data. The analysis of the data discovered, that Cadbury tried to involve the public while trying to resolve their halal certification issues as well as those related to the two bars that were in question. A number of issues were discovered in relation to TPB however, the study found out that there were underlying factors missing in most of the Cadbury campaigns carried out during the 2014 PIG DNA saga. So the government should consider establishing stringent mechanisms of controlling hala certification among Malaysian companies and those seeking to do business in the country at large.

Today, internet memes have become a part of the political campaigning. This paper thus analyses how internet memes have been used as a medium to communicate political messages amongst millennials in Uganda. Parameters like political engagement, influence on political views and voting behavior are used to analyze the different political memes trending on social media platforms in Uganda under the framework of the elaboration of likelihood model of management.