A major development in the treatment of a rare genetic disease, duchenne muscular dystrophy, has recently been approved by the FDA. Givinostat, a histone-acetylase inhibitor, signifies a new ray of hope for patients with DMD, a progressive and enervating disease. This treatment, given as an oral suspension, was approved for use in patients 6 years and older after promising results were obtained from the phase 3 EPIDYS trial. Givinostat can also cause adverse effects such as thrombocytopenia and hypertriglyceridemia, and should be administered with continuous monitoring.

Viruses have consistently posed a significant threat to global health, varying in their effect from mild asymptomatic cases to full-blown incapacitating illnesses. India, a country with a tremendous population of over 1.3 billion, encounters unique challenges when managing public health crises, such as the recent re-emergence of the deadly zoonotic Nipah virus (NiV) in Kerala. Our commentary highlights the history of NiV outbreaks in light of the two primary pathways of virus transmission, animal-to-human and human-to-human. We discuss common presenting symptoms of NiV and risk factors contributing to its spread, proposing possible measures to tackle the current challenges in timely diagnosis and infection control. Owing to its high mutation and mortality rate, the NiV outbreak could have potentially transitioned into the next global pandemic, which calls for the implementation of stringent policies and infective protocols by the government and health authorities to curb any future outbreaks.

Nipah Virus is a deadly zoonotic virus that causes a wide range of symptoms, from asymptomatic disease to acute respiratory distress and encephalitis, both of which can prove fatal. India has tackled outbreaks of Nipah virus constantly throughout the years, and is facing another rise in cases yet again. Although India has dealt with outbreaks of many infectious diseases in the past, it is imperative to focus fully on limiting the further spread of the lethal Nipah virus to limit mortality. Proper implementation of standard infective protocol as well as using a strict surveillance system are some important steps that must be taken in order to dismantle the looming possibility of full-blown worldwide endemics due to Nipah virus.

We report a case of a four-year-old female child who presented with a massive pancreatic pseudocyst. Pseudocysts >10 cm are at an increased risk of rupture, hence require surgical intervention. Percutaneous external drainage via pig tail catheter was followed by Cysto-gastrostomy due to continuous high output. Post-operative period was uneventful.