Haptophytes and Dinoflagellates are two cosmopolitan algae associated with dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) synthesis, which regulates the marine biogenic flux of dimethylsulfide (DMS) to the atmosphere and subsequently affects marine aerosols. Attempting to reveal the potential impact of atmospheric deposition on the growth of main DMSP producers, four bioassay experiments were conducted in the western North Pacific (WNP) by adding aerosols, nutrients and trace metals. Our results showed that the percentage of main DMSP producers increased substantially from coastal regions (<1%) to the open ocean (~17%) with the dominance of Dinophyceae and Haptophyceae, respectively. Aerosol additions largely increased the percentage of DMSP species in the open WNP. Specifically, atmospheric DIN and soluble Cu, and Fe promoted Chrysochromulina, and Phaeocystis and E. huxleyi, respectively. It is very likely that atmospheric deposition could lift the relative abundance of main DMSP producers in the vast oligotrophic oceans and contribute to the climate change.