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Association between diet quality during preconception or pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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  • Yamei Yu,
  • Isabelle Hardy,
  • Wenguang Sun,
  • Fergusson Dean,
  • Yulai Zhou,
  • Cindy Feng,
  • Fengxiu Ouyang,
  • Isabelle Marc,
  • William Fraser,
  • Lise Dubois
Yamei Yu
University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine

Corresponding Author:yyu056@uottawa.ca

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Isabelle Hardy
Université de Sherbrooke
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Wenguang Sun
International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital
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Fergusson Dean
University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine
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Yulai Zhou
International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital
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Cindy Feng
University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine
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Fengxiu Ouyang
Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
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Isabelle Marc
CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval
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William Fraser
University of Sherbrooke
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Lise Dubois
University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine
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Abstract

Background: Although women are encouraged to achieve good diet quality in preconception and pregnancy, the benefits on perinatal outcomes have not been established. Objective: To systematically review and quantify the association between diet quality and adverse perinatal outcomes. Search strategy: Medline, Embase, Food Science and Technology Abstracts and CINAHL were searched up to 5th March 2020. Selection criteria: Two authors independently screened, selected and coded relevant prospective cohort studies. Data collection and analysis: Thirty-three studies (315,431 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios and mean differences from individual studies were pooled using random-effects models. Main Results: The pooled results for the association between diet quality and excessive (OR: 0.91; 95 CI: 0.76, 1.10) or inadequate (OR: 0.90; 95 CI: 0.70, 1.17) gestational weight gain were not statistically significant. Women in the top tertile of diet quality scores during prepregnancy or pregnancy had a lower risk of gestational diabetes (OR: 0.77; 95 CI: 0.65, 0.90), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR: 0.87; 95 CI: 0.83, 0.92), preterm birth (OR: 0.77; 95 CI: 0.66, 0.89), small for gestational age (OR: 0.88; 95 CI: 0.79, 0.99) and low birth weight (OR: 0.60; 95 CI: 0.37, 0.99) compared to those in the bottom tertile. No studies were found for delivery mode. Conclusions: Data from prospective cohort studies support the potential of improving maternal diet quality in the effort to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes. Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research HLT 151517, National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No. 81661128010 Keywords: Diet quality, perinatal outcomes.
05 Aug 2021Submitted to BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
10 Aug 2021Submission Checks Completed
10 Aug 2021Assigned to Editor
21 Sep 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
01 Dec 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending